MONDAY, December 6, 1847. Link to Annals.

Present :

From the State of New Hampshire,

The honorable

Charles G. Atherton,

John P. Hale.

From the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations,

The honorable

John H. Clarke,

Albert C. Greene.

From the State of Vermont,

The honorable

Samuel S. Phelps,

William Upham.

From the State of New York,

The honorable

Daniel S. Dickinson,

John A. Dix.

From the State of New Jersey,

The honorable

William L. Dayton,

Jacob W. Miller.

From the State of Pennsylvania,

The honorable

Simon Cameron,

Daniel Sturgeon.

From the State of Delaware,

The honorable Presley Spruance.

From the State of Maryland,

The honorable Reverdy Johnson.

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From the State of Virginia,

The honorable

Robert M. T. Hunter,

James M. Mason.

From the State of North Carolina,

The honorable

George E. Badger,

Willie P. Mangum.

From the State of South Carolina,

The honorable Andrew P. Butler.

From the State of Kentucky,

The honorable

John J. Crittenden,

Joseph R. Underwood.

From the State of Tennessee,

The honorable Hopkins L. Turney.

From the State of Ohio,

The honorable

William Allen,

Thomas Corwin.

From the State of Louisiana,

The honorable

Solomon W. Downs,

Henry Johnson.

From the State of Indiana,

The honorable

Jesse D. Bright,

Edward A. Hannegan.

From the State of Mississippi,

The honorable

Jefferson Davis,

Henry S. Foote.

From the State of Illinois,

The honorable

Stephen A. Douglas,

Sidney Breese.

From the State of Maine,

The honorable

James W. Bradbury,

John Fairfield.

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From the State of Missouri,

The honorable David R. Atchison.

From the State of Arkansas,

The honorable

Chester Ashley,

Ambrose H. Sevier.

From the State of Michigan,

The honorable

Lewis Cass,

Alpheus Felch.

From the State of Florida,

The honorable James D. Westcott.

From the State of Texas,

The honorable Thomas J. Rusk.

The honorable George M. Dallas, Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate, resumed the chair.

Mr. Atherton presented the credentials of the honorable John P. Hale, elected a Senator by the legislature of the State of New Hampshire for the term of six years, from the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Hale, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Crittenden presented the credentials of the honorable Joseph R. Underwood, chosen a Senator by the legislature of the Commonwealth of Kentucky for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Underwood, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the credentials of the honorable Solomon W. Downs, elected a Senator by the legislature of the State of Louisiana for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Downs, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Greene presented the credentials of the honorable John H. Clarke, chosen a Senator by the legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Clark, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Sevier presented the credentials of the honorable Jefferson Davis, appointed a Senator by the Governor of the State of Mississippi to fill the vacancy occasioned by the decease of the honorable 0006 6 Jesse Speight; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Davis, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Breese presented the credentials of the honorable Stephen A. Douglas, elected a Senator by the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, for the term of six years from and after the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Douglas, and he took his seat in the Serrate.

Mr. Fairfield presented the credentials of the honarable James W. Bradbury, elected by the legislature of the State of Maine a Senator in Congress for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Bradbury, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Cass presented the credentials of the honorable Alpheus Felch, elected a Senator by the legislature of the State of Michigan for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Felch, and he took his seat in the Senate.

The bath prescribed by law was administered to the honorable Chester Ashley, the honorable Robert M. T. Hunter, the honorable Henry Stuart Foote, the honorable Willie P. Mangum, the honorable Jacob W. Miller, and the honorable Presley Spruance, their credentials having been presented during the last session; and they took their seats in the Senate.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the Secretary acquaint the House of Representatives that a quorum of the Senate has assembled, and that the Senate is ready to proceed to business.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the daily hour of meeting of the Senate be 12 o'clock, meridian, until otherwise ordered.

Mr. Cameron submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That each Senator be supplied, during the present session, with newspapers as heretofore, not exceeding the cost of four daily papers.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, December 7, 1847. Link to Annals.

The honorable John M. Niles, from the State of Connecticut; the honorable James A. Pearce, from the State of Maryland; and the honorable Walter T. Colquitt, from the State of Georgia, attended.

Mr. Butler presented the credentials of the honorable John C. Calhoun, chosen a Senator by the legislature of the State of South Carolina for the term of six years, commencing the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Calhoun, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Niles presented the credentials of the honorable Roger S. 0007 7 Baldwin, appointed a Senator by the governor of the State of Connecticut, to supply the vacancy occasioned by the decease of the honorable Jabez W. Huntington; which were read: and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Baldwin, and he took his seat in the Senate.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. French, their Clerk:

Mr. President: I am directed to inform the Senate that a quorum of the House of Representatives has assembled; that Robert C. Winthrop, one of the Representatives from the State of Massachusetts, has been chosen Speaker; and that the House is ready to proceed to business.

They have passed a resolution for the appointment of a committee, jointly with such committee as may be appointed on the part of the Senate, to wait on the President of the United States, and inform him that a quorum of the House is assembled, and that Congress is ready to receive any communication he may be pleased to make; and Mr. Hunt and Mr. Howell Cobb have been appointed the committee on the part of the House.

Mr. Sevier submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That a committee be appointed, jointly with such committee as may be appointed by the House of Representatives, to wait on the President of the United States, and inform him that a quorum of each House has assembled, and that Congress are ready to receive any communication he may be pleased to make.

On motion,

Ordered , That the committee be appointed by the Vice President: and

Mr. Sevier, Mr. Mangum, and Mr. Fairfield were appointed.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

Mr. Cass submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to.

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Treasury be instructed to communicate to the Senate a map of the country in the immediate vicinity of the Sault Ste. Marie, in the State of Michigan, exhibiting the military reservation and the private land claims at that place; together with copies of any evidence respecting said claims, to be found in the General Land Office.

Mr. Sevier, from the committee appointed on the part of the Senate, jointly with the committees appointed on the part of the House of Representatives, to wait on the President of the United States, and notify him that a quorum of each House has assembled, and that Congress are ready to receive any communication he may be pleased to make, reported that they had performed the duty assigned them, and that the President replied that he would immediately make a communication to the two houses of Congress.

The following message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his secretary:

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Fellow-citizens of the Senate and of the House of Representatives:

The annual meeting of Congress is always an interesting event. The Representatives of the States and of the people come fresh from their connstituents to take counsel together for the common good. After an existence of near three-fourths of a century as a free and independent republic, the problem no longer remains to be solved, whether man is capable of self-government. The success of our admirable system is a conclusive refutation of the theories of those in other countries who maintain that “a favored few” are born to rule, and that the mass of mankind must be governed by force. Subject to no arbitrary or hereditary authority, the people are the only sovereigns recognised by our constitution. Numerous emigrants of every lineage and language, attracted by the civil and religious freedom we enjoy, and by our happy condition, annually crowd to our shores, and transfer their heart, not less than their allegiance, to the country whose dominion belongs alone to the people.

No country has been so much favored, or should acknowledge with deeper reverence the manifestations of the Divine protection. An all-wise Creator directed and guarded us in our infant struggle for freedom, and has constantly watched over our surprising progress, until we have become one of the great nations of the earth.

It is in a country thus favored, and under a government in which the executive and legislative branches hold their authority for limited periods, alike from the people, and where all are responsible to their respective constituencies, that it is again my duty to communicate with Congress upon the state of the Union, and the present condition of public affairs.

During the past year the most gratifying proofs are presented that our country has been blessed with a wide-spread and universal prosperity. There has been no period since the government was founded, when all the industrial pursuits of our people have been more successful, or when labor in all branches of business has received a fairer or better reward. From our abundance we have been enabled to perform the pleasing duty of furnishing food for the starving millions of less favored countries.

In the enjoyment of the bounties of Providence at home, such as have rarely fallen to the lot of any people, it is cause of congratulation, that our intercourse with all the Powers of the earth, except Mexico, continues to be of an amicable character.

It has ever been our cherished policy to cultivate peace and goodwill with all nations; and this policy has been steadily pursued by me.

No change has taken place in our relations with Mexico since the adjournment of the last Congress. The war in which the United States were forced to engage with the government of that country still continues.

I deem it unnecessary, after the full exposition of them contained in my message of the eleventh of May, 1846, and in my annual message at the commencement of the session of Congress in December 0009 9 last, to reiterate the serious causes of complaint which we had against Mexico before she commenced hostilities.

It is sufficient on the present occasion to say, that the wanton violation of the rights of person and property of our citizens committed by Mexico, her repeated acts of bad faith, through a long series of years, and her disregard of solemn treaties, stipulating for indemnity to our injured citizens, not only constituted ample cause of war on our part, but were of such an aggravated character as would have justified us before the whole world in resorting to this extreme remedy. With an anxious desire to avoid a rupture between the two countries, we forbore for years to assert our clear rights by force, and continued to seek redress for the wrongs we had suffered by amicable negotiation, in the hope that Mexico might yield to pacific counsels and the demands of justice. In this hope we were disappointed. Our minister of peace sent to Mexico was insultingly rejected. The Mexican government refused even to hear the terms of adjustment which he was authorized to propose; and finally, under wholly unjustifiable pretexts, involved the two countries in war, by invading the territory of the State of Texas, striking the first blow, and shedding the blood of our citizens on our own soil.

Though the United States were the aggrieved nation, Mexico commenced the war, and we were compelled, in self-defence, to repel the invader, and to vindicate the national honor and interests by prosecuting it with vigor until we could obtain a just and honorable peace.

On learning that hostilities had been commenced by Mexico, I promptly communicated that fact, accompanied with a succinct statement of our other causes of complaint against Mexico, to Congress; and that body, by the act of the thirteenth of May, 1846, declared that “by the act of the republic of Mexico, a state of war exists between that government and the United States”—this act declaring “the war to exist by the act of the republic of Mexico,” and making provision for its prosecution “to a speedy and successful termination,” was passed with great unanimity by Congress, there being but two negative votes in the Senate, and but fourteen in the House of Representatives.

The existence of the war having thus been declared by Congress, it became my duty, under the constitution and the laws, to conduct and prosecute it. This duty has been performed; and though, at every stage of its progress, I have manifested a willingness to terminate it by a just peace, Mexico has refused to accede to any terms which could be accepted by the United States, consistently with the national honor and interest.

The rapid and brilliant successes of our arms, and the vast extent of the enemy's territory which had been overrun and conquered, before the close of the last session of Congress, were fully known to that body. Since that time, the war has been prosecuted with increased energy, and, I am gratified to state, with a success which commands universal admiration. History presents no parallel of so many glorious victories achieved by any nation within so short a 0010 10 period. Our army, regulars and volunteers, have covered themselves with imperishable honors. Whenever and wherever our forces have encountered the enemy, though he was in vastly superior numbers, and often entrenched in fortified positions of his own selection, and of great strength, he has been defeated. Too much praise cannot be bestowed upon our officers and men, regulars and volunteers, for their gallantry, discipline, indomitable courage and perseverance, all seeking the post of danger, and vieing with each other in deeds of noble daring.

While every patriot's heart must exult, and a just national pride animate every bosom, in beholding the high proofs of courage, consummate military skill, steady discipline, and humanity to the vanquished enemy, exhibited by our gallant army, the nation is called to mourn over the loss of many brave officers and soldiers who have fallen in defence of their country's honor and interests. The brave dead met their melancholy fate in a foreign land, nobly discharging their duty, and with their country's flag waving triumphantly in the face of the foe. Their patriotic deeds are justly appreciated, and will long be remembered by their grateful countrymen. The parental care of the government they loved and served should be extended to their surviving families.

Shortly after the adjournment of the last session of Congress, the gratifying intelligence was received of the signal victory of Buena Vista and of the fall of the city of Vera Cruz, and with it the strong castle of San Juan de Ulloa, by which it was defended. Believing that after these and other successes, so honorable to our arms and so disastrous to Mexico, the period was propitious to afford her another opportunity, if the thought proper to embrace it, to enter into negotiations for peace, a commissioner was appointed to proceed to the headquarters of our army, with full powers to enter upon negotiations, and to conclude a just and honorable treaty of peace. He was not directed to make any new overtures of peace, but was the bearer of a despatch from the Secretary of State of the United States to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mexico, in reply to one received from the latter of the twenty-second of February, 1847, in which the Mexican government was informed of his appointment, and of his presence at the headquarters of our army, and that he was invested with full powers to conclude a definitive treaty of peace, whenever the Mexican government might signify a desire to do so. While I was unwilling to subject the United States to another indignant refusal, I was yet resolved that the evils of the war should not be protracted a day longer than might be rendered absolutely necessary by the Mexican government.

Care was taken to give no instructions to the commissioner which could in any way interfere with our military operations, or relax our energies in the prosecution of the war. He possessed no authority in any manner to control these operations. He was authorized to exhibit his instructions to the General in command of the army; and in the event of a treaty being concluded and ratified on the part of Mexico, he was directed to give him notice of that fact. On the happening of such contingency, and on receiving notice 0011 11 thereof, the General in command was instructed by the Secretary of War to suspend further active military operations until further orders. These instructions were given with a view to intermit hostilities until the treaty thus ratified by Mexico could be transmitted to Washington, and receive the action of the government of the United States.

The commissioner was also directed, on reaching the army, to deliver to the General in command the despatch which he bore from the Secretary of State to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mexico, and, on receiving it, the General was instructed by the Secretary of War to cause it to be transmitted to the commander of the Mexican forces, with a request that it might be communicated to his government.

The commissioner did not reach the headquarters of the army until after another brilliant victory had crowned our arms at Cerro Gordo.

The despatch which he bore from the Secretary of War to the General in command of the army was received by that officer, then at Jalapa, on the seventh of May, 1847, together with the despatch from the Secretary of State to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mexico; having been transmitted to him from Vera Cruz. The commissioner arrived at the headquarters of the army a few days afterwards. His presence with the army and his diplomatic character were made known to the Mexican government, from Puebla, on the twelfth of June, 1847, by the transmission of the despatch from the Secretary of State of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mexico.

Many weeks elapsed after its receipt, and no overtures were made, nor was any desire expressed by the Mexican government to enter into negotiations for peace.

Our army pursued its march upon the capital, and, as it approached it, was met by formidable resistance. Our forces first encountered the enemy, and achieved signal victories in the severely contested battles of Contreras and Churubusco. It was not until after these actions had resulted in decisive victories, and the capital of the enemy was within our power, that the Mexican government manifested any disposition to enter into negotiations for peace; and even then, as events have proved, there is too much reason to believe they were insincere, and that in agreeing to go through the forms of negotiation, the object was to gain time to strengthen the defences of their capital, and to prepare for fresh resistance.

The General in command of the army deemed it expedient to suspend hostilities temporarily, by entering into an armistice with a view to the opening of negotiations. Commissioners were appointed on the part of Mexico to meet the commissioner on the part of the United States. The result of the conferences which took place between these functionaries of the two governments was a failure to conclude a treaty of peace.

The commissioner of the United States took with him the project of a treaty already prepared, by the terms of which the indemnity required by the United States was a cession of territory.

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It is well known that the only indemnity which it is in the power of Mexico to make in satisfaction of the just and long deferred claims of our citizens against her, and the only means by which she can reimburse the United States for the expenses of the war, is a cession to the United States of a portion of her territory. Mexico has no money to pay, and no other means of making the required indemnity. If we refuse this, we can obtain nothing else. To reject indemnity, by refusing to accept a cession of territory, would be to abandon all our just demands, and to wage the war, bearing all its expenses, without a purpose or definite object.

A state of war abrogates treaties previously existing between the belligerents, and a treaty of peace puts an end to all claims for indemnity—for tortious acts committed under the authority of one government against the citizens or subjects of another, unless they are provided for in its stipulations. A treaty of peace which would terminate the existing war, without providing for indemnity, would enable Mexico—the acknowledged debtor, and herself the aggressor in the war—to relieve herself from her just liabilities. By such a treaty, our citizens who hold just demands against her would have no remedy either against Mexico or their own government. Our duty to these citizens must forever prevent such a peace, and no treaty which does not provide ample means of discharging these demands can receive my sanction.

A treaty of peace should settle all existing differences between the two countries. If an adequate cession of territory should be made by such a treaty, the United States should release Mexico from all her liabilities, and assume their payment to our own citizens. If, instead of this, the United States were to consent to a treaty by which Mexico should again engage to pay the heavy amount of indebtedness which a just indemnity to our government and our citizens would impose on her, it is notorious that she does not possess the means to meet such an undertaking. From such a treaty no result could be anticipated, but the same irritating disappointments which have heretofore attended the violations of similar treaty stipulations on the part of Mexico. Such a treaty would be but a temporary cessation of hostilities, without the restoration of the friendship and good understanding which should characterize the future intercourse between the two countries.

That Congress contemplated the acquisition of territorial indemnity when that body made provision for the prosecution of the war, is obvious. Congress could not have meant—when, in May, 1846, they appropriated ten millions of dollars, and authorized the President to employ the militia and naval and military forces of the United States, and to accept the services of fifty thousand volunteers, to enable him to prosecute the war; and when, at their last session, and after our army had invaded Mexico, they made additional appropriations, and authorized the raising of additional troops for the same purpose—that no indemnity was to be obtained from Mexico at the conclusion of the war; and yet it was certain that, if no Mexican territory was acquired, no indemnity could be obtained.

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It is further manifest that Congress contemplated territorial indemnity, from the fact, that at their last session an act was passed, upon the Executive recommendation, appropriating three millions of dollars with that express object. This appropriation was made “to enable the President to conclude a treaty of peace, limits, and boundaries with the republic of Mexico, to be used by him in the event that said treaty, when signed by the authorized agents of the two governments, and duly ratified by Mexico, shall call for the expenditure of the same, or any part thereof.” The object of asking this appropriation was distinctly stated in the several messages on the subject which I communicated to Congress. Similar appropriations made in 1803 and 1806, which were referred to, were intended to be applied in part consideration for the cession of Louisiana and the Floridas. In like manner it was anticipated that, in settling the terms of a treaty of “limits and boundaries” with Mexico, a cession of territory estimated to be of greater value than the amount of our demands against her might be obtained; and that the prompt payment of this sum—in part consideration for the territory ceded—on the conclusion of a treaty, and its ratification on her part, might be an inducement with her to make such a cession of territory as would be satisfactory to the United States. And although the failure to conclude such a treaty has rendered it unnecessary to use any part of the three millions of dollars appropriated by that act, and the entire sum remains in the treasury, it is still applicable to that object, should the contingency occur making such application proper.

The doctrine of no territory is the doctrine of no indemnity; and, if sanctioned, would be a public acknowledgment that our country was wrong, and that the war declared by Congress with extraordinary unanimity was unjust, and should be abandoned; an admission unfounded in fact, and degrading to the national character.

The terms of the treaty proposed by the United States were not only just to Mexico, but, considering the character and amount of our claims, the unjustifiable and unprovoked commencement of hostilities by her, the expenses of the war to which we have been subjected, and the success which had attended our arms, were deemed to be of a most liberal character.

The commissioner of the United States was authorized to agree to the establishment of the Rio Grande as the boundary, from its entrance into the Gulf to its intersection with the southern boundary of New Mexico, in north latitude about thirty-two degrees, and to obtain a cession to the United States of the provinces of New Mexico and the Californias, and the privilege of the right of way across the isthmus of Tehuantepec. The boundary of the Rio Grande, and the cession to the United States of New Mexico and Upper California, constituted an ultimatum which our commissioner was, under no circumstances, to yield.

That it might be manifest not only to Mexico, but to all other nations, that the United States were not disposed to take advantage of a feeble power, by insisting upon wresting from her all the other provinces, including many of her principal towns and cities, which 0014 14 we had conquered and held in our military occupation, but were willing to conclude a treaty in a spirit of liberality, our commissioner was authorized to stipulate for the restoration to Mexico of all our other conquests.

As the territory to be acquired by the boundary proposed might be estimated to be of greater value than a fair equivalent for our just demands, our commissioner was authorized to stipulate for the payment of such additional pecuniary consideration as was deemed reasonable.

The terms of a treaty proposed by the Mexican commissioners were wholly inadmissible. They negotiated as if Mexico were the victorious, and not the vanquished party. They must have known that their ultimatum could never be accepted. It required the United States to dismember Texas, by surrendering to Mexico that part of the territory of that State lying between the Nueces and the Rio Grande, included within her limits by her laws when she was an independent republic, and when she was annexed to the United States and admitted by Congress as one of the States of our Union. It contained no provision for the payment by Mexico of the just claims of our citizens. It required indemnity to Mexican citizens for injuries they may have sustained by our troops in the prosecution of the war. It demanded the right for Mexico to levy and collect the Mexican tariff of duties on goods imported into her ports while in our military occupation during the war, and the owners of which had paid to officers of the United States the military contributions which had been levied upon them; and it offered to cede to the United States, for a pecuniary consideration, that part of Upper California lying north of latitude thirty-seven degrees. Such were the unreasonable terms proposed by the Mexican commissioners.

The cession to the United States by Mexico, of the provinces of New Mexico and the Californias, as proposed by the commissioner of the United States, it was believed, would be more in accordance with the convenience and interests of both nations, than any other cession of territory which it was probable Mexico could be induced to make.

It is manifest to all who have observed the actual condition of the Mexican government, for some years past, and at present, that if these provinces should be retained by her, she could not long continue to hold and govern them. Mexico is too feeble a power to govern these provinces, lying as they do at a distance of more than a thousand miles from her capital, and, if attempted to be retained by her, they would constitute but for a short time, even nominally, a part of her dominions.

This would be especially the case with Upper California. The sagacity of powerful European nations has long since directed their attention to the commercial importance of that province, and there can be little doubt that the moment the United States shall relinquish their present occupation of it, and their claim to it as indemnity, an effort would be made by some foreign Power to possess it, either by conquest or by purchase. If no foreign government 0015 15 should acquire it in either of these modes, an independent revolutionary government would probably be established by the inhabitants, and such foreigners as may remain in or remove to the country, as soon as it shall be known that the United States have abandoned it. Such a government would be too feeble long to maintain its separate independent existence, and would finally become annexed to, or be a dependent colony of, some more powerful State.

Should any foreign government attempt to possess it as a colony, or otherwise to incorporate it with itself, the principle avowed by President Monroe in 1824, and reaffirmed in my first annual message, that no foreign Power shall, with our consent, be permitted to plant or establish any new colony or dominion on any part of the North American continent, must be maintained. In maintaining this principle, and in resisting its invasion by any foreign Power, we might be involved in other wars more expensive and more difficult than that in which we are now engaged.

The provinces of New Mexico and the Californias are contiguous to the territories of the United States, and if brought under the government of our laws, their resources—mineral, agricultural, manufacturing, and commercial—would soon be developed.

Upper California is bounded on the north by our Oregon possessions; and if held by the United States, would soon be settled by a hardy, enterprising and intelligent portion of our population. The bay of San Francisco, and other harbors along the Californian coast, would afford shelter for our navy, for our numerous whale ships, and other merchant vessels employed in the Pacific ocean, and would in a short period become the marts of an extensive and profitable commerce with China, and other countries of the East.

These advantages, in which the whole commercial world would participate, would at once be secured to the United States by the cession of this territory; while it is certain that as long as it remains a part of the Mexican dominions, they can be enjoyed neither by Mexico herself nor by any other nation.

New Mexico is a frontier province, and has never been of any considerable value to Mexico. From its locality, it is naturally connected with our western settlements. The territorial limits of the State of Texas, too, as defined by her laws, before her admission into our Union, embrace all that portion of New Mexico lying east of the Rio Grande, while Mexico still claims to hold this territory as a part of her dominions. The adjustment of this question of boundary is important.

There is another consideration which induced the belief that the Mexican government might even desire to place this province under the protection of the government of the United States. Numerous bands of fierce and warlike savages wander over it, and upon its borders. Mexico has been, and must continue to be too feeble to restrain them from committing depredations, robberies and murders, not only upon the inhabitants of New Mexico 0016 16 itself, but upon those of the other northern States of Mexico. It would be a blessing to all these northern States to have their citizens protected against them by the power of the United States. At this moment many Mexicans, principally females and children, are in captivity among them. If New Mexico were held and governed by the United States, we could effectually prevent these tribes from committing such outrages, and compel them to release these captives, and restore them to their families and friends.

In proposing to acquire New Mexico and the Californias, it was known that but an inconsiderable portion of the Mexican people would be transferred with them, the country embraced within these provinces being chiefly an uninhabited region.

These were the leading considerations which induced me to authorize the terms of peace which were proposed to Mexico. They were rejected; and, negotiations being at an end, hostilities were renewed. An assault was made by our gallant army upon the strongly fortified places near the gates of the city of Mexico, and upon the city itself; and after several days of severe conflict, the Mexican forces—vastly superior in number to our own—were driven from the city, and it was occupied by our troops.

Immediately after information was received of the unfavorable result of the negotiations, believing that his continued presence with the army could be productive of no good, I determined to recall our commissioner. A despatch to this effect was transmitted to him on the sixth of October last. The Mexican government will be informed of his recall; and that, in the existing state of things, I shall not deem it proper to make any further overtures of peace, but shall be at all times ready to receive and consider any proposals which may be made by Mexico.

Since the liberal proposition of the United States was authorized to be made in April last, large expenditures have been incurred, and the precious blood of many of our patriotic fellow-citizens has been shed in the prosecution of the war. This consideration, and the obstinate perseverance of Mexico in protracting the war, must influence the terms of peace which it may be deemed proper hereafter to accept.

Our arms having been everywhere victorious, having subjected to our military occupation a large portion of the enemy's country, including his capital, and negotiations for peace having failed, the important questions arise, in what manner the war ought to be prosecuted? and what should be our future policy? I cannot doubt that we should secure and render available the conquests which we have already made; and that, with this view, we should hold and occupy, by our naval and military forces, all the ports, towns, cities, and provinces now in our occupation, or which may hereafter fall into our possession; that we should press forward our military operations, and levy such military contributions on the enemy, as may, as far as practicable, defray the future expenses of the war.

Had the government of Mexico acceded to the equitable and liberal terms proposed, that mode of adjustment would have been 0017 17 preferred. Mexico having declined to do this, and failed to offer any other terms which could be accepted by the United States, the national honor, no less than the public interests, requires that the war should be prosecuted with increased energy and power, until a just and satisfactory peace can be obtained. In the meantime, as Mexico refuses all indemnity, we should adopt measures to indemnify ourselves, by appropriating permanently a portion of her territory. Early after the commencement of the war, New Mexico and the Californias were taken possession of by our forces. Our military and naval commanders were ordered to conquer and hold them, subject to be disposed of by a treaty of peace.

These provinces are now in our undisputed occupation, and have been so for many months; all resistance on the part of Mexico having ceased within their limits. I am satisfied that they should never be surrendered to Mexico. Should Congress concur with me in this opinion, and that they should be retained by the United States as indemnity, I can perceive no good reason why the civil jurisdiction and laws of the United States should not at once be extended over them. To wait for a treaty of peace, such as we are willing to make, by which our relations towards them would not be changed, cannot be good policy; whilst our own interest, and that of the people inhabiting them, require that a stable, responsible and free government under our authority should, as soon as possible, be established over them. Should Congress, therefore, determine to hold these provinces permanently, and that they shall hereafter be considered as constituent parts of our country, the early establishment of territorial governments over them will be important for the more perfect protection of persons and property; and I recommend that such territorial governments be established. It will promote peace and tranquillity among the inhabitants, by allaying all apprehension that they may still entertain of being again subjected to the jurisdiction of Mexico. I invite the early and favorable consideration of Congress to this important subject.

Besides New Mexico and the Californias, there are other Mexican provinces which have been reduced to our possession by conquest. These other Mexican provinces are now governed by our military and naval commanders, under the general authority which is conferred upon a conqueror by the laws of war. They should continue to be held as a means of coercing Mexico to accede to just terms of peace. Civil as well as military officers are required to conduct such a government. Adequate compensation to be drawn from contributions levied on the enemy should be fixed by law for such officers as may be thus employed. What further provision may become necessary, and what final disposition it may be proper to make of them, must depend on the future progress of the war, and the course which Mexico may think proper hereafter to pursue.

With the views I entertain, I cannot favor the policy which has been suggested, either to withdraw our army altogether, or to retire to a designated line, and simply hold and defend it. To 2 0018 18 withdraw our army altogether from the conquests they have made by deeds of unparallelled bravery, and at the expense of so much blood and treasure, in a just war on our part, and one which, by the act of the enemy, we could not honorably have avoided, would be to degrade the nation in its own estimation and in that of the world.

To retire to a line, and simply hold and defend it, would not terminate the war. On the contrary, it would encourage Mexico to persevere, and tend to protract it indefinitely. It is not to be expected that Mexico, after refusing to establish such a line as a permanent boundary, when our victorious army are in possession of her capital, and in the heart of her country, would permit us to hold it without resistance. That she would continue the war, and in the most harassing and annoying forms, there can be no doubt. A border warfare of the most savage character, extending over a long line, would be unceasingly waged. It would require a large army to be kept constantly in the field, stationed at posts and garrisons along such a line, to protect and defend it. The enemy, relieved from the pressure of our arms on his coasts and in the populous parts of the interior, would direct his attention to this line, and, selecting an isolated post for attack, would concentrate his forces upon it. This would be a condition of affairs which the Mexicans, pursuing their favorite system of guerilla warfare, would probably prefer to any other. Were we to assume a defensive attitude on such a line, all the advantages of such a state of war would be on the side of the enemy. We could levy no contributions upon him, or in any other way make him feel the pressure of the war, but must remain inactive and await his approach, being in constant uncertainty at what point on the line, or at what time, he might make an assault. He may assemble and organize an overwhelming force in the interior, on his own side of the line, and, concealing his purpose, make a sudden assault upon some one of our posts so distant from any other as to prevent the possibility of timely succor or reinforcements; and in this way our gallant army would be exposed to the danger of being cut off in detail; or if, by their unequalled bravery and prowess everywhere exhibited during this war, they should repulse the enemy, their numbers stationed at any one post may be too small to pursue him. If the enemy be repulsed in one attack, he would have nothing to do but to retreat to his own side of the line, and, being in no fear of a pursuing army, may reinforce himself at leisure, for another attack on the same or some other post. He may, too, cross the line between our posts, make rapid incursions into the country which we hold, murder the inhabitants, commit depredations on them, and then retreat to the interior before a sufficient force can be concentrated to pursue him. Such would probably be the harassing character of a mere defensive war on our part. If our forces, when attacked, or threatened with attack, be permitted to cross the line, drive back the enemy, and conquer him, this would be again to invade the enemy's country, after having lost all the advantages of the conquests we have already made, by 0019 19 having voluntarily abandoned them. To hold such a line successfully and in security, it is far from being certain that it would not require as large an army as would be necessary to hold all the conquests we have already made, and to continue the prosecution of the war in the heart of the enemy's country. It is also far from being certain that the expenses of the war would be diminished by such a policy.

I am persuaded that the best means of vindicating the national honor and interest, and of bringing the war to an honorable close, will be to prosecute it with increased energy and power in the vital parts of the enemy's country.

In my annual message to Congress of December last, I declared that “the war has not been waged with a view to conquest; but having been commenced by Mexico, it has been carried into the enemy's country, and will be vigorously prosecuted there, with a view to obtain an honorable peace, and thereby secure ample indemnity for the expenses of the war, as well as to our much-injured citizens, who hold large pecuniary demands against Mexico.” Such, in my judgment, continues to be our true policy—indeed, the only policy which will probably secure a permanent peace.

It has never been contemplated by me, as an object of the war, to make a permanent conquest of the republic of Mexico, or to annihilate her separate existence as an independent nation. On the contrary, it has ever been my desire that she should maintain her nationality, and, under a good government adapted to her condition, be a free, independent, and prosperous republic. The United States were the first among the nations to recognise her independence, and have always desired to be on terms of amity and good neighborhood with her. This she would not suffer. By her own conduct we have been compelled to engage in the present war. In its prosecution, we seek not her overthrow as a nation; but, in vindicating our national honor, we seek to obtain redress for the wrongs she has done us, and indemnity for our just demands against her. We demand an honorable peace; and that peace must bring with it indemnity for the past and security for the future. Hitherto Mexico has refused all accommodation by which such a peace could be obtained.

Whilst our armies have advanced from victory to victory, from the commencement of the war, it has always been with the olive-branch of peace in their hands; and it has been in the power of Mexico, at every step, to arrest hostilities by accepting it.

One great obstacle to the attainment of peace has, undoubtedly, arisen from the fact, that Mexico has been so long held in subjection by one faction or military usurper after another, and such has been the condition of insecurity in which their successive governments have been placed, that each has been deterred from making peace, lest, for this very cause, a rival faction might expel it from power. Such was the fate of President Herrera's administration in 1845, for being disposed even to listen to the overtures of the United States to prevent the war, as is fully confirmed by an official correspondence which took place in the month of August last, between 0020 20 him and his government, a copy of which is herewith communicated. “For this cause alone, the revolution which displaced him from power was set on foot” by General Paredes. Such may the condition of insecurity of the present government.

There can be no doubt that the peaceable and well disposed inhabitants of Mexico are convinced that it is the true interest of their country to conclude an honorable peace with the United States; but the apprehension of becoming the victims of some military faction or usurper may have prevented them from manifesting their feelings by any public act. The removal of any such apprehension would probably cause them to speak their sentiments freely, and to adopt the measures necessary for the restoration of peace. With a people distracted and divided by contending factions, and a government subject to constant changes, by successive revolutions, the continued successes of our arms may fail to secure a satisfactory peace. In such event, it may become proper for our commanding generals in the field to give encouragement and assurances of protection to the friends of peace in Mexico in the establishment and maintenance of a free republican government of their own choice, able and willing to conclude a peace which would be just to them, and secure to us the indemnity we demand. This may become the only mode of obtaining such a peace. Should such be the result, the war which Mexico has forced upon us would thus be converted into an enduring blessing to herself. After finding her torn and distracted by factions, and ruled by military usurpers, we should then leave her with a republican government, in the enjoyment of real independence, and domestic peace and prosperity, performing all her relative duties in the great family of nations, and promoting her own happiness by wise laws and their faithful execution.

If, after affording this encouragement and protection, and after all the persevering and sincere efforts we have made from the moment. Mexico commenced the war, and prior to that time, to adjust our differences with her, we shall ultimately fail, then we shall have exhausted all honorable means in pursuit of peace, and must continue to occupy her country with our troops, taking the full measure of indemnity into our own hands, and must enforce the terms which our honor demands.

To act otherwise, in the existing state of things in Mexico, and to withdraw our army without a peace, would not only leave all the wrongs of which we complain unredressed, but would be the signal for new and fierce civil dissensions and new revolutions—all alike hostile to peaceful relations with the United States.

Besides, there is danger, if our troops were withdrawn before a peace was concluded, that the Mexican people, wearied with successive revolutions, and deprived of protection for their persons and property, might at length be inclined to yield to foreign influences, and to cast themselves into the arms of some European monarch for protection from the anarchy and suffering which would ensue. This, for our own safety, and in pursuance of our established policy, we should be compelled to resist. We could never 0021 21 consent that Mexico should be thus converted into a monarchy governed by a foreign prince.

Mexico is our near neighbor, and her boundaries are coterminous with our own, through the whole extent across the North American continent, from ocean to ocean. Both politically and commercially, we have the deepest interest in her regeneration and prosperity. Indeed, it is impossible that, with any just regard to our own safety, we can ever become indifferent to her fate.

It may be that the Mexican government and people have misconstrued or misunderstood our forbearance, and our objects, in desiring to conclude an amicable adjustment of the existing differences between the two countries. They may have supposed that we would submit to terms degrading to the nation; or they may have drawn false inferences from the supposed division of opinion in the United States on the subject of the war, and may have calculated to gain much by protracting it; and, indeed, that we might ultimately abandon it altogether, without insisting on any indemnity, territorial or otherwise. Whatever may be the false impressions under which they have acted, the adoption and prosecution of the energetic policy proposed must soon undeceive them.

In the future prosecution of the war, the enemy must be made to feel its pressure more than they have heretofore done. At its commencement, it was deemed proper to conduct it in a spirit of forbearance and liberality. With this end in view, early measures were adopted to conciliate, as far as a state of war would permit, the mass of the Mexican population; to convince them that the war was waged not against the peaceful inhabitants of Mexico, but against their faithless government which had commenced hostilities; to remove from their minds the false impressions which their designing and interested rulers had artfully attempted to make, that the war on our part was one of conquest; that it was a war against their religion and their churches, which were to be desecrated and overthrown; and that their rights of person and private property would be violated. To remove these false impressions, our commanders in the field were directed scrupulously to respect their religion, their churches, and their church property, which were in no manner to be violated; they were directed also to respect the rights of persons and property of all who should not take up arms against us.

Assurances to this effect were given to the Mexican people by Major General Taylor, in a proclamation issued in pursuance of instructions from the Secretary of War, in the month of June, 1846, and again by Major General Scott, who acted upon his own convictions of the propriety of issuing it in a proclamation of the eleventh of May, 1847.

In this spirit of liberality and conciliation, and with a view to prevent the body of the Mexican population from taking up arms against us, was the war conducted on our part. Provisions and other supplies furnished to our army by Mexican citizens were paid for at fair and liberal prices agreed upon by the parties. After the lapse of a few months, it became apparent that these assurances, 0022 22 and this mild treatment, had failed to produce the desired effect upon the Mexican population. While the war had been conducted on our art according to the most humane and liberal principles observed by civilized nations, it was waged in a far different spirit on the part of Mexico. Not appreciating our forbearance, the Mexican people generally became hostile to the United States, and availed themselves of every opportunity to commit the most savage excesses upon our troops. Large numbers of the population took up arms, and, engaging in guerilla warfare, robbed and murdered in the most cruel manner individual soldiers, or small parties, who a accident or other causes had separated from the main body of our army; bands of guerilleros and robbers infested the roads, harassed our trains, and, whenever it was in their power, cut off our supplies.

The Mexicans having thus shown themselves to be wholly incapable of appreciating our forbearance and liberality, it was deemed proper to change the manner of conducting the war, by making them feel its pressure according to the usages observed under similar circumstances by all other civilized nations.

Accordingly, as early as the twenty-second of September, 1846, instructions were given by the Secretary of War to Major General Taylor to “draw supplies” for our army “from the enemy, without paying for them, and to require contributions for its support, if in that way he was satisfied he could get abundant supplies for his forces.” In directing the execution of these instructions, much was necessarily left to the discretion of the commanding officer, who was best acquainted with the circumstances by which he was surrounded, the wants of the army, and the practicability of enforcing the measure.

General Taylor, on the twenty-sixth of October, 1846, replied, from Monterey, that “it would have been impossible hitherto, and is so now, to sustain the army to any extent by forced contributions of money or supplies.” For the reasons assigned by him, he did not adopt the policy of his instructions, but declared his readiness to do so, “should the army, in its future operations, reach a portion of the country which may be made to supply the troops with advantage.” He continued to pay for the articles of supply which were drawn from the enemy's country.

Similar instructions were issued to Major General Scott on the third of April, 1847, who replied from Jalapa, on the twentieth of May, 1847, that if it be expected “that the army is to support itself by forced contributions levied upon the country, we may ruin and exasperate the inhabitants, and starve ourselves.” The same discretion was given to him that had been to General Taylor in this respect. General Scott, for the reasons assigned by him, also continued to pay for the articles of supply for the army which were drawn from the enemy.

After the army had reached the heart of the most wealthy portion of Mexico, it was supposed that the obstacles which had before that time prevented it would not be such as to render impracticable the levy of forced contributions for its support; and on the first of September, and again on the Sixth of October, 1847, the order was 0023 23 repeated in despatches addressed by the Secretary of War to General Scott, and his attention was again called to the importance of making the enemy bear the burdens of the war by requiring them to furnish the means of supporting our army; and he was directed to adopt this policy, unless, by doing so, there was danger of depriving the army of the necessary supplies. Copies of these despatches were forwarded to General Taylor for his government.

On the thirty-first of March last, I caused an order to be issued to our military and naval commanders to levy and collect a military contribution upon all vessels and merchandise which might enter any of the ports of Mexico in our military occupation, and to apply such contributions towards defraying the expenses of the war. By virtue of the right of conquest and the laws of war, the conqueror, consulting his own safety or convenience, may either exclude foreign commerce altogether from all such ports, or permit it upon such terms and conditions as he may prescribe. Before the principal ports of Mexico were blockaded by our navy, the revenue derived from impost duties, under the laws of Mexico, was paid into the Mexican treasury. After these ports had fallen into our military possession, the blockade was raised, and commerce with them permitted upon prescribed terms and conditions. They were opened to the trade of all nations upon the payment of duties more moderate in their amount than those which had been previously levied by Mexico; and the revenue, which was formerly paid into the Mexican treasury, was directed to be collected by our military and naval officers, and applied to the use of our army and navy. Care was taken that the officers, soldiers, and sailors of our army and navy should be exempted from the operations of the order; and as the merchandise imported upon which the order operated must be consumed by Mexican citizens, the contributions exacted were in effect, the seizure of the public revenues of Mexico and the application of them to our own use. In directing this measure the object was to compel the enemy to contribute, as far as practicable, towards the expenses of the war.

For the amount of contributions which have been levied in this form, I refer you to the accompanying reports of the Secretary of War and of the Secretary of the Navy, by which it appears that a sum exceeding half a million of dollars has been collected.

This amount would undoubtedly have been much larger, but for the difficulty of keeping open communications between the coast and the interior, so as to enable the owners of the merchandise imported to transport and vend it to the inhabitants of the country. It is confidently expected that this difficulty will, to a great extent, be soon removed by our increased forces which have been sent to the field.

Measures have recently been adopted by which the internal as well as the external revenues of Mexico, in all places in our military occupation, will be seized and appropriated to the use of our army and navy.

The policy of levying upon the enemy contributions in every form, consistently with the laws of nations, which it may be practicable 0024 24 for our military commanders to adopt, should, in my judgment, be rigidly enforced, and orders to this effect have accordingly been given. By such a policy, at the same time that our own treasury will be relieved from a heavy drain, the Mexican people will made to feel the burdens of the war, and, consulting their interests, may be induced the more readily to require their rulers to accede to a just peace.

After the adjournment of the last session of Congress, events transpired in the prosecution of the war which, in my judgment, required a greater number of troops in the field than had been anticipated. The strength of the army was accordingly increased by “accepting” the services of all the volunteer, forces, authorized by the act of the thirteenth of May, 1846, without putting a construction on theft act, the correctness of which was seriously questioned. The volunteer forces now in the field, with those which had been “accepted,” to “serve for twelve months,” and were discharged at the end of their term of service, exhaust the fifty thousand men authorized by that act. Had it been clear that a proper construction of the act warranted it, the services of an additional number would have been called for and accepted; but doubts existing upon this point, the power was not exercised.

It is deemed important that Congress should, at an early period of their session, confer the authority to raise an additional regular force to serve during the war with Mexico, and to be discharged upon the conclusion and ratification of a treaty of peace. I invite the attention of Congress to the views presented by the Secretary of War in his report upon this subject.

I recommend, also, that authority be given by law to call for and accept the services of an additional number of volunteers, to be exercised at such time and to such extent as the emergencies of the service may require.

In prosecuting the war with Mexico, whilst the utmost care has been taken to avoid every just cause of complaint on the part of neutral nations, and none has been given, liberal privileges have been granted to their commerce in the ports of the enemy in our military occupation.

The difficulty with the Brazilian government, which at one time threatened to interrupt the friendly relations between the two countries, will, I trust, be speedily adjusted. I have received information that an envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the United States will shortly be appointed by his Imperial Majesty; and it is hoped that he will come instructed and prepared to adjust all remaining differences between the two governments in a manner acceptable and honorable to both. In the meantime, I have every reason to believe that nothing will occur to interrupt our amicable relations with Brazil.

It has been my constant effort to maintain and cultivate the most intimate relations of friendship with all the independent Powers of South America; and this policy has been attended with the happiest results. It is true, that the settlement and payment of many just claims of American citizens against these nations have been 0025 25 long delayed. The peculiar position in which they have been placed and the desire, on the part of my predecessors, as well as myself, to grant them the utmost indulgence, have hitherto prevented, these claims from being urged in a manner demanded by strict justice. The time has arrived when they ought to be finally adjusted and liquidated, and efforts are now making for thai purpose.

It is proper to inform you that the government of Peru has in good faith paid the first two instalments of the indemnity of thirty thousand dollars each, and the greater portion of the interest due thereon, in execution of the convention between that government and the United States, the ratifications of which were exchanged at Lima on the thirty-first of October, 1846. The Attorney General of the United States, early in August last, completed the adjudication of the claims under this convention, and made his report thereon, in pursuance of the act of the eighth of August, 1846. The sums to which the claimants are respectively entitled will be paid oh demand at the treasury.

I invite the early attention of Congress to the present condition of our citizens in China. Under our treaty with that power, American citizens are withdrawn from the jurisdiction, whether civil or criminal, of the Chinese government, and placed under that of our public functionaries in that country. By these alone can our citizens be tried and punished for the commission of any crime; by these alone can questions be decided between them, involving the rights of persons and property; and by these alone can contracts be enforced, into which they may have entered with the citizens or subjects of foreign powers. The merchant vessels of the United States lying in the waters of the five ports of China open to foreign commerce are under the exclusive jurisdiction of officers of their own government. Until Congress shall establish competent tribunals to try and punish crimes, and to exercise jurisdiction in civil cases in China, American citizens there are subject to no law whatever. Crimes may be committed with impunity, and debts may be contracted without any means to enforce their payment. Inconveniences have already resulted from the omission of Congress to legislate upon the subject and still greater are apprehended. The British authorities in China have already complained that this government has not provided for the punishment of crimes, or the enforcement of contracts against American citizens in that country, whilst their government has established tribunals by which an American citizen can recover debts due from British subjects.

Accustomed as the Chinese are to summary justice, they could not be made to comprehend why criminals who are citizens of the United States should escape with impunity, in violation of treaty obligations, whilst the punishment of a Chinese, who had committed any crime against an American citizen, would be rigorously exacted. Indeed, the consequences might be fatal to American citizens in China, should a flagrant crime be committed by any one of them upon a Chinese, and should trial and punishment not follow according 0026 26 to the requisitions of the treaty. This might disturb not destroy, our friendly relations with that empire, and cause an interruption of our valuable commerce.

Our treaties with the Sublime Porte, Tripoli, Tunis, Morocco, and Muscat, also require the legislation of Congress to carry them into execution, through the necessity for immediate action may not be so urgent as in regard to China.

The Secretary of State has submitted an estimate to defray the expense of opening diplomatic relations with the Papal States. The interesting political events now in progress in these States, as well as a just regard to our commercial interests, have, in my opinion, rendered such a measure highly expedient.

Estimates have also been submitted for the outfits and salaries of charges d'affaires to the republics of Bolivia, Guatemala, and Ecuador. The manifest importance of cultivating the most friendly relations with all the independent States upon this continent has induced me to recommend appropriations necessary for the maintenance of these missions.

I recommend to Congress that an appropriation be made, to be paid to the Spanish government for the purpose of distribution among the claimants in “the Amistad case.” I entertain the conviction that this is due to Spain under the treaty of the twentieth of October, 1795; and moreover, that, from the earnest manner in which the claim continues to be urged, so long as it shall remain unsettled, it will be a source of irritation and discord between the two countries, which may prove highly prejudicial to the interests of the United States. Good policy, no less than a faithful compliance with our treaty obligations, requires that the inconsiderable appropriation demanded should be made.

A detailed statement of the condition of the finances will be presented in the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury. The imports for the last fiscal year, ending on the thirtieth of June, 1847, were of the value of one hundred and forty-six million five hundred and forty-five thousand six hundred and thirty-eight dollars; of which the amount exported was eight million eleven thousand one hundred and fifty-eight dollars, leaving one hundred and thirty-eight million five hundred and thirty-four thousand four hundred and eighty dollars in the country for domestic use. The value of the exports for the same period was one hundred and fifty-eight million six hundred and forty-eight thousand six hundred and twenty-two dollars; of which one hundred and fifty million six hundred and thirty-seven thousand four hundred and sixty-four dollars consisted of domestic productions, and eight million eleven thousand one hundred and fifty-eight dollars of foreign articles.

The receipts into the treasury for the same period amounted to twenty-six million thee hundred and forty-six thousand seven hundred and ninety dollars and thirty-seven cents, of which there was derived from customs twenty-three million seven hundred and forty-seven thousand eight hundred and sixty-four dollars and sixty-six cents; from sales of public lands, two million four hundred and ninety-eight thousand three hundred and thirty-five 0027 27 dollars and twenty cents; and from incidental and miscellaneous sources one, hundred thousand five hundred and seventy dollars and fifty-one cents. The last fiscal year during which, this amount was received embraced five months under the operation of the tariff act of 1842, and seven months during which the tariff act of 1846 was in force. During the five months under the act of 1842, the amount received from customs was seven million eight hundred and forty-two thousand three hundred and six dollars and ninety cents, and during the seven months under the act of 1846 the amount received was fifteen million nine hundred and five thousand five hundred and fifty-seven dollars and seventy-six cents.

The nett revenue from customs during the year ending on the first of December, 1846, being the last year under the operation of the tariff act of 1842, was twenty-two million nine hundred and seventy-one thousand four hundred and three dollars and ten cents; and the nett revenue from customs during the year ending on the first of December, 1847, being the first year under the operation of the tariff act of 1846, was about thirty-one million five hundred thousand dollars; being an increase of revenue for the first year under the tariff of 1846 of more than eight million five hundred thousand dollars over that of the last year under the tariff of 1842.

The expenditures during the fiscal year ending on the thirtieth of June last were fifty-nine million four hundred and fifty-one thousand one hundred and seventy-seven dollars and sixty-five cents; of which three million five hundred and twenty-two thousand and eighty-two dollars and thirty-seven cents was on account of payment of principal and interest of the public debt, including treasury notes redeemed and not funded. The expenditure, exclusive of payment of public debt, were fifty-five million nine hundred and twenty-nine thousand and ninety-five dollars and twenty-eight cents.

It is estimated that the receipts into the treasury for the fiscal year ending on the thirtieth of June, 1848, including the balance in the treasury on the first of July last, will amount to forty-two million eight hundred and eighty-six thousand five hundred and forty-five dollars and eighty cents, of which thirty-one million, it is estimated, will be derived from customs; three million five hundred thousand from the sale of the public lands; four hundred thousand from incidental sources, including sales made by the Solicitor of the Treasury; and six million two hundred and eighty-five thousand two hundred and ninety-four dollars and fifty-five cents from loans already authorized by law, which, together with the balance in the treasury on the first of July last, make the sum estimated.

The expenditures for the same period, if peace with Mexico shall not be concluded, and the army shall be increased as is proposed, will amount, including the necessary payments on account of principal and interest of the public debt and treasury notes, to fifty-eight million six hundred and fifteen thousand six hundred and sixty dollars and seven cents.

0028 28

On the first of the present month, the amount of the public debt actually incurred, including treasury notes, was forty-five million six hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hundred and fifty nine dollars and forty cents. The public debt due on the fourth of March, 1845, including treasury notes was seventeen million seven hundred and eighty-eight thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine dollars and sixty-two cents; and consequently the addition made to the public debt since that time is twenty-seven million eight hundred and seventy thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine dollars and seventy-eight cents.

Of the loan of twenty-three millions, authorized by the act of the twenty-eighth of January, 1847, the sum of five millions was paid out to the public creditors, or exchanged at par for specie; the remaining eighteen millions was offered for specie to the highest bidder not below par, by an advertisement issued by the Secretary of the Treasury, and published from the ninth of February until the tenth of April, 1847, when it was awarded to the several highest bidders, at premiums varying from one-eighth of one per cent. to two per cent. above par. The premium has been paid into the treasury, and the sums awarded deposited in specie in the treasury as fast as it was required by the wants of the government.

To meet the expenditures for the remainder of the present and for the next fiscal year, ending on the thirtieth of June, 1849, a further loan, in aid of the ordinary revenues of the government, will be necessary. Retaining a sufficient surplus in the treasury, the loan required for the remainder of the present fiscal year will be about eighteen million five hundred thousand dollars. If the duty on tea and coffee be imposed, and the graduation of the price of the public lands shall be made at an early period of your session, as recommended, the loan for the present fiscal year may be reduced to seventeen millions of dollars. The loan may be further reduced by whatever amount of expenditures can be saved by military contributions collected in Mexico. The most vigorous measures for the augmentation of these contributions have been directed, and a very considerable sum is expected from that source. Its amount cannot, however, be calculated with any certainty. It is recommended that the loan to be made be authorized upon the same terms, and for the same time, as that which was authorized under the provisions of the act of the twenty-eighth of January, 1847.

Should the war with Mexico be continued until the thirtieth of June, 1849, it is estimated that a further loan of twenty million five hundred thousand dollars will be required for the fiscal year ending on that day, in case no duty be imposed on tea and coffee, and the public lands be not reduced and graduated in price, and no military contributions shall be collected in Mexico. If the duty on tea and coffee be imposed, and the lands be reduced and graduated in price, as proposed, the loan may be reduced to seventeen millions of dollars, and will be subject to be still further reduced by the amount of the military contributions which may be collected 0029 29 in Mexico. It is not proposed, however, at present, to ask Congress for authority to negotiate this loan for the next fiscal year, as it is hoped that the loan asked for the remainder of the present fiscal year, aided by military contributions which may be collected in Mexico may be sufficient. If, contrary to my expectation there should be a necessity for it, the fact will be communicated to Congress in time for their action during the present session. In no event will a sum exceeding, six millions of dollars of this amount be needed before the meeting of the session of Congress in December, 1848.

The act of the thirtieth of July, 1846, “reducing the duties on imports,” has been in force since the first of December last; and I am gratified to state, that all the beneficial effects which were anticipated from its operation have been fully realized. The public revenue derived from customs during the year ending on the first of December, 1847, exceeds by more than eight millions of dollars the amount received in the preceding year under the operation of the act of 1842, which was superseded and repealed by it. Its effects are visible in the great and almost unexampled prosperity which prevails in every branch of business.

While the repeal of the prohibitory and restrictive duties of the act of 1842, and the substitution in their place of reasonable revenue rates levied on articles imported according to their actual value, has increased the revenue and augmented our foreign trade, all the great interests of the country have been advanced and promoted.

The great and important interests of agriculture, which had been not only too much neglected, but actually taxed under the protective policy for the benefit of other interest, have been relieved of the burdens which that policy imposed on them; and our farmers and-planter, under a more just and liberal commercial policy, are finding new and profitable markets abroad for their augmented products.

Our commerce is rapidly increasing, and is extending more widely the circle of international exchanges. Great as has been the increase of our imports during the past year, our exports of domestic products said in foreign markets have been still greater.

Our navigating interest is eminently prosperous. The number of vessels built in the United States has been greater than during any preceding period of equal length. Large profits have been derived by those who have constructed, as well as by those who have navigated them. Should the ratio of increase in the number of our merchant vessels be progressive, and be as great for the future as during the past year, the time is not distant when our tonnage and commercial marine will be larger than that of any other nation in the world.

Whilst the interests of agriculture, of commerce, and of navigation have been enlarged and invigorated, it is highly gratifying to observe that our manufactures are also in a prosperous condition. None of the ruinous effects upon this interest, which were apprehended by some, as the result of the operation of the revenue system established by the act of 1846, have been experienced. On 0030 30 the contrary, the number of manufactories, and the amount of capital invested in them, is steadily and rapidly increasing, affording gratifying proofs that American enterprise and skill employed in this branch of domestic industry, with no other advantages than those fairly and incidentally accruing from a just system of revenue duties, are abundantly able to meet successfully all competition from abroad, and still derive fair and remunerating profits.

While capital invested in manufactures is yielding adequate and fair profits under the new system, the wages of labor, whether employed in manufactures, agriculture, commerce, or navigation, have been augmented. The toiling millions, whose daily labor furnishes the supply of food and raiment, and all the necessaries and comforts of life, are receiving higher wages, and more steady and permanent employment, than in any other country, or at any previous period of our own history.

So successful have been all branches of our industry, that a foreign war, which generally diminishes the resources of a nation, has in no essential degree retarded our onward progress, or checked our general prosperity.

With such gratifying evidences of prosperity, and of the successful operation of the revenue act of 1846, every consideration of public policy recommends that it shall remain unchanged. It is hoped that the system of impost duties which it established may be regarded as the permanent policy of the country, and that the great interests affected by it may not again be subject to be injuriously disturbed, as they have heretofore been, by frequent and sometimes sudden changes.

For the purpose of increasing the revenue, and without changing or modifying the rates imposed by the act of 1846 on the dutiable articles embraced by its provisions, I again recommend to your favorable consideration the expediency of levying a revenue duty on tea anal coffee. The policy which exempted these articles from duty during peace, and when the revenue to be derived from them was not needed, ceases to exist when the country is engaged in war, and requires the use of all of its available resources. It is a tax which would be so generally diffused among the people, that it would be felt oppressively by none, and be complained of none. It is believed that there are not, in the list of imported articles, any which are more properly the subject of war duties than tea and coffee.

It is estimated that three millions of dollars would be derived annually by a moderate duty imposed on these articles.

Should Congress avail itself of this additional source of revenue, not only would the amount of the public loan rendered necessary by the war with Mexico be diminished to that extent, but the public credit, and the public confidence in the ability and determination of the government to meet all its engagements promptly, would be more firmly established, and the reduced amount of the loan which may be necessary to negotiate could probably be obtained at cheaper rates.

0031 31

Congress is, therefore, called upon to determine whether it is wiser to impose the war duties recommended, or, by omitting to do so, increase the public debt annually three millions of dollars so long as loans shall be required to prosecute the war, and afterwards provide, in some other form, to pay the semi-annual interest upon it, and ultimately to extinguish the principal. If, in addition to these duties, Congress should graduate and reduce the price of such of the public lands as experience has proved will not command the price placed upon them by the government, an additional annual income to the treasury of between half a million and a million of dollars, it is estimated, would be derived from this source. Should both measures receive the sanction of Congress, the annual amount of public debt necessary to be contracted during the continuance of the war would be reduced near four millions of dollars. The duties recommended to be levied on tea and coffee it is proposed shall be limited in their duration to the end of the war, and until the public debt rendered necessary to be contracted by it shall be discharged. The amount of the public debt to be contracted should be limited to the lowest practicable sum, and should be extinguished as early after the conclusion of the war as the means of the treasury will permit.

With this view, it is recommended that, as soon as the war shall be over, all the surplus in the treasury, not needed for other indispensable objects, shall constitute a sinking fund, and be applied to the purchase of the funded debt, and that authority be conferred by law for that purpose.

The act of the sixth of August, 1846, “to establish a warehousing systems,” has been in operation more than a year, and has proved to be an important auxiliary to the tariff act of 1846, in augmenting the revenue and extending the commerce of the country. Whilst it has tended to enlarge commerce, it has been beneficial to our manufactures, by diminishing forced sales at auction of foreign goods at low prices, to raise the duties to be advanced on them, and by checking fluctuations in the market. The system, although sanctioned by the experience of other countries, was entirely new in the United States, and is susceptible of improvement in some of its provisions. The Secretary of the Treasury, upon whom was devolved large discretionary powers in carrying this measure into effect, has collected, and is now collating, the practical results of the system in other countries, where it has long been established, and will report at an early period of your session such further regulations suggested by the investigation as may render it still more effective and beneficial.

By the act to “provide for the better organization of the treasury, and for the collection, safe-keeping, and disbursement of the public revenue,” all banks were discontinued as fiscal agents of the government, and the paper currency issued by them was no longer permitted to be received in payment of public dues.

The constitutional treasury created by this act went into operation on the first of January last. Under the system established by it, the public moneys have been collected, safely kept, and disbursed 0032 32 by the direct agency of officers of the government gold and silver; and transfers of large amounts have been made from points of collection to points of disbursement, without loss to the treasury, or injury or inconvenience to the trade of the country.

While the fiscal operations of the government have been conducted with regularity and ease under this system, it has had a salutary effect in checking and preventing an undue inflation of the paper currency issued by the banks which exist under State charters. Requiring, as it does, all dues to the government to be paid in gold and silver, its effect is to restrain excessive issues of bank paper by the banks disproportioned to the specie in their vaults, for the reason that they are at all times liable to be called on by the holders of their notes for their redemption, in order to obtain specie for the payment of duties and other public dues. The banks, therefore, must keep their business within prudent limits, and be always in a condition to meet such calls, or run the hazard of being compelled to suspend specie payments, and be thereby discredited. The amount of specie imported into the United States during the last fiscal year was twenty-four million one hundred and twenty-one thousand two hundred and eighty-nine dollars; of which there was retained in the country twenty-two million two hundred and seventy-six thousand one hundred and seventy dollars. Had the former financial system prevailed, and the public moneys been placed on deposite in the banks, nearly the whole of this amount would have gone into their vaults, not to be thrown into circulation by them, but to be withheld from the hands of the people as a currency, and made the basis of new and enormous issues of bank paper. A large proportion of the specie imported has been paid into the treasury for public dues; and after having been, to a great extent, re-coined at the mint, has been paid out to the public creditors and gone into circulation as a currency among the people. The amount of gold and silver coin now in circulation in the country is larger than at any former period.

The financial system established by the constitutional treasury has been, thus far, eminently successful in its operations; and I recommend an adherence to all its essential provisions, and especially to that vital provision which wholly separates the government from all connexion with banks, and excludes bank paper from all revenue receipts.

In some of its details, not involving its general principles, the system is defective, and will require modification. These defects, and such amendments as are deemed important, were set forth in the last annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury. These amendments are again recommended to the early and favorable consideration of Congress.

During the past year, the coinage at the mint and its branches has exceeded twenty millions of dollars. This has consisted chiefly in converting the coins of foreign countries into American coin.

The largest amount of foreign coin imported has been received at New York; and if a branch mint were established at that city, all the foreign coin received at that port could at once be converted 0033 33 into our own coin, without the expense, risk, and delay of transporting it to the mint for that purpose, and the amount recoined would be much larger.

Experience has proved that foreign coin, and especially foreign gold coin, will not circulate extensively as a currency among the people. The important measure of extending our specie circulation, both of gold and silver, and of diffusing it among the people, can only be effected by converting such foreign coin into American coin. I repeat the recommendation contained in my last annual message for the establishment of a branch of the mint of the United States at the city of New York.

All the public lands which had been surveyed and were ready for market have been proclaimed for sale during the past year. The quantity offered and to be offered for sale, under proclamations issued since the first of January last, amounts to nine million one hundred and thirty-eight thousand five hundred and thirty-one acres. The prosperity of the western States and Territories in which these lands lie will be advanced by their speedy sale. By withholding them from market, their growth and increase of population would be retarded, while thousands of our enterprising and meritorious frontier population would be deprived of the opportunity of securing freeholds for themselves and their families. But in addition to the general considerations which rendered the early sale of these lands proper, it was a leading object at this time to derive as large a sum as possible from this source, and thus diminish, by that amount, the public loan rendered necessary by the existence of a foreign war.

It is estimated that not less than ten millions of acres of the public lands will be surveyed and be in a condition to be proclaimed for sale during the year 1848.

In my last annual message I presented the reasons which, in my judgment, rendered it proper to graduate and reduce the price of such of the public lands as have remained unsold for long periods after they had been offered for sale at public auction.

Many millions of acres of public lands lying within the limits of several of the western States have been offered in the market, and been subject to sale at private entry for more than twenty year, and large quantities for more than thirty years, at the lowest price prescribed by the existing laws, and it has been found that they will not command that price. They must remain unsold and uncultivated for an indefinite period, unless the price demanded for them by the government shall be reduced. No satisfactory reason is perceived why they should be longer held at rates above their real value. At the present period an additional reason exists for adopting the measure recommended. When the country is engaged in a foreign war, and we must necessarily resort to loans, it would seem to be the dictate of wisdom that we should avail ourselves of all our resources, and thus limit the amount of the public indebtedness to the lowest possible sum.

I recommend that the existing laws on the subject of pre-emption rights be amended and modified so as to operate prospectively, 3 0034 34 and to embrace all who may settle upon the public lands and make improvements upon them before they are surveyed, as well as afterwards, in all cases where such settlements may be made after the Indian title shall have been extinguished.

If the right of pre-emption be thus extended, it will embrace a large and meritorious class of our citizens. It will increase the number of small freeholders upon our borders, who will be enabled thereby to educate their children and otherwise improve their condition, while they will be found at all times, as they have ever proved themselves to be, in the hour of danger to their country, among our hardiest and best volunteer soldiers, ever ready to tender their services in cases of emergency, and among the last to leave the field as long as an enemy remains to be encountered. Such a policy will also impress these patriotic pioneer emigrants with deeper feelings of gratitude for the parental care of their government, when they find their dearest interests secured to them by the permanent laws of the land, and that they are no longer in danger of losing their homes and hard-earned improvements by being brought into competition with a more wealthy class of purchasers at the land sales.

The attention of Congress was invited, at their last and the preceding session, to the importance of establishing a Territorial government over our possessions in Oregon; and it is to be regretted that there was no legislation on the subject. Our citizens who inhabit that distant region of country are still left without the protection of our laws, or any regularly organized government. Before the question of limits and boundaries of the territory of Oregon was definitely settled, from the necessity of their condition, the inhabitants had established a temporary government of their own. Besides the want of legal authority for continuing such a government, it is wholly inadequate to protect them in their rights of person and property, or to secure to them the enjoyment of the privileges of other citizens, to which they are entitled under the constitution of the United States. They should have the right of suffrage, be represented in a Territorial legislature, and by a delegate in Congress; and possess all the rights and privileges which citizens of other portions of the Territories of the United States have heretofore enjoyed, or may now enjoy.

Our judicial system, revenue laws, laws regulating trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, and the protection of our laws generally, should be extended over them.

In addition to the inhabitants in that territory who had previously emigrated to it, large numbers of our citizens have followed them during the present year; and it is not doubted that during the next and subsequent years their numbers will be greatly increased.

Congress, at its last session, established post-routes leading to Oregon, and between different points within that territory, and authorized the establishment of post offices at “Astoria and such other places on the coasts of the Pacific, within the territory of the United States, as the public interests may require.” Post offices have 0035 35 accordingly been established, deputy postmasters appointed, and provision made for the transportation of the mails.

The preservation of peace with the Indian tribes residing west of the Rocky mountains will render it proper that authority should be given by law for the appointment of an adequate number of Indian agents to reside among them.

I recommend that a surveyor general's office be established in that territory, and that the public lands be surveyed and brought into market at an early period.

I recommend, also, that grants, upon liberal terms, of limited quantities of the public lands be made to all citizens of the United States who have emigrated, or may hereafter within a prescribed period emigrate, to Oregon, and settle upon them. These hardy and adventurous citizens, who have encountered the dangers and privations of a long and toilsome journey, and have at length found an abiding-place for themselves and their families upon the utmost verge of our western limits, should be secured in the homes which they have improved by their labor.

I refer you to the accompanying report of the Secretary of War for a detailed account of the operations of the various branches of the public service connected with the department under his charge. The duties devolving on this department have been unusually onerous and responsible during the past year, and have been discharged with ability and success.

Pacific relations continue to exist with the various Indian tribes, and most of them manifest a strong friendship for the United States. Some depredations were committed during the past year upon our trains transporting supplies for the army, on the road between the western border of Missouri and Santa Fe. These depredations, which are supposed to have been committed by bands from the region of New Mexico, have been arrested by the presence of a military force, ordered out for that purpose. Some outrages have been perpetrated by a portion of the northwestern bands upon the weaker and comparatively defenceless neighboring tribes. Prompt measures were taken to prevent such occurrences in future.

Between one and two thousand Indians, belonging to several tribes, have been removed during the past year, from the east of the Mississippi to the country allotted to them west of that river, as their permanent home; and arrangements have been made for others to follow.

Since the treaty of 1846 with the Cherokees, the feuds among them appear to have subsided, and they have become more united and contented than they have been for many years past. The commissioners, appointed in pursuance of the act of June 27th, 1846, to settle claims arising under the treaty of 1835–'36 with that tribe, have executed their duties; and after a patient investigation, and a full and fair examination of all the cases brought before them, closed their labors in the month of July last. This is the fourth board of commissioners which has been organized under this treaty. Ample opportunity has been afforded to all those interested to bring forward their claims. No doubt is entertained that impartial 0036 36 justice has been done by the late board, and that all valid claims embraced by the treaty have been considered and allowed. This result, and the final settlement to be made with this tribe, under the treaty of 1846, which will be completed and laid before you during your session, will adjust all questions of controversy between them and the united States, and produce a state of relations with them simple, well-defined, and satisfactory.

Under the discretionary authority conferred by the act of the third of March last, the annuities due to the various tribes have been paid during the present year to the heads of families instead of to their chiefs, or such persons as they might designate, as required by the law previously existing. This mode of payment has given general satisfaction to the great body of the Indians. Justice has been done to them, and they are grateful to the government for it. A few chiefs and interested persons may object to this mode of payment, but it is believed to be the only mode of preventing fraud anal imposition from being practised upon the great body of common Indians, constituting a majority of all the tribes.

It is gratifying to perceive that a number of the tribes have recently manifested an increased interest in the establishment of schools among them, and are making rapid advances in agriculture—some of them producing a sufficient quantity of food for their support, and in some cases a surplus to dispose of to their neighbors. The comforts by which those who have received even a very limited education, and have engaged in agriculture, are surrounded, tend gradually to draw off their less civilized brethren from the precarious means of subsistence by the chase, to habits of labor and civilization.

The accompanying report of the Secretary of the Navy presents a satisfactory and gratifying account of the condition and operations of the naval service during the past year. Our commerce has been pursued with increased activity, and with safety and success, in every quarter of the globe under the protection of our flag, which the navy has caused to be respected in the most distant seas.

In the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Pacific, the officers and men of our squadrons have displayed distinguished gallantry, and performed valuable services. In the early stages of the war with Mexico, her ports on both coasts were blockaded, and more recently many of them have been captured and held by the navy. When acting in co-operation with the land forces, the naval officers and men have performed gallant and distinguished services on land as well as on water, and deserve the high commendation of the country.

While other maritime powers are adding to their navies large numbers of war steamers, it was a wise policy on our part to make similar additions to our navy. The four war steamers authorized by the act of the third of March, 1847, are in course of construction.

In addition to the four war steamers authorized by this act, the Secretary of the Navy has, in pursuance of its provision, entered into contracts for the construction of five steamers, to be employed in the transportation of the United States mail “from New York 0037 37 to New Orleans, touching at Charleston, Savannah and Havana, and from Havana to Chagres;” for three steamers to be employed in like manner from Panama to Oregon, “so as to connect with the mail from Havana to Chagres across the isthmus;” and for five steamers to be employed in like manner from New York to Liverpool. These steamers will be the property of the contractors, but are to be built “under the superintendence and direction of a naval constructor in the employ of the Navy Department, and to be so constructed as to render them convertible, at the least possible expense, into war steamers of the first class.”

A prescribed number of naval officers, as well as a post office agent, are to be on board of them; and authority is reserved to the Navy Department at all times to “exercise control over said steamships,” and “to have the right to take them for the exclusive use and service of the United States upon making proper compensation to the contractors therefor.”

Whilst these steam-ships will be employed in transporting the mails of the United States coastwise, and to foreign countries, upon an annual compensation to be paid to the owners, they will be always ready, upon an emergency requiring it, to be converted into war steamers; and the right reserved to take them for public use will add greatly to the efficiency and strength of this description of our naval force. To the steamers thus authorized under contracts made by the Secretary of the Navy, should be added five other steamers authorized under contracts made in pursuance of law by the Postmaster General; making an addition, in the whole, of eighteen war steamers, subject to be taken for public use. As further contracts for the transportation of the mail to foreign countries may be authorized by Congress, this number may be enlarged indefinitely.

The enlightened policy by which a rapid communication with the various distant parts of the globe is established, by means of American-built sea steamers, would find an ample reward in the increase of our commerce, and in making our country and its resources more favorably known abroad; but the national advantage is still greater—of having our naval officers made familiar with steam navigation, and of having the privilege of taking the ships already equipped for immediate service at a moment's notice; and will be cheaply purchased by the compensation to be paid for the transportation of the mail in them, over and above the postages received.

A just national pride, no less than our commercial interests, would seem to favor the policy of augmenting the number of this description of vessels. They can be built in our country cheaper and in greater numbers than in any other in the world.

I refer you to the accompanying report of the Postmaster General for a detailed and satisfactory account of the condition and operations of that department during the past year. It is gratifying to find that, within so short a period after the reduction in the rates of postage, and notwithstanding the great increase of mail service, the revenue received for the year will be sufficient to defray 0038 38 all the expenses, and that no further aid will be required from the treasury for that purpose.

The first of the American mail steamers authorized by the act of the third of March, 1845, was completed and entered upon the service on the first of June last, and is now on her third voyage to Bremen and other intermediate ports. The other vessels authorized under the provisions of that act are in course of construction, and will be put upon the line as soon as completed. Contracts have also been made for the transportation of the mail in a steamer from Charleston to Havana.

A reciprocal and satisfactory postal arrangement has been made by the Postmaster General with the authorities of Bremen, and no difficulty is apprehended in making similar arrangements with all other powers with which we may have communications by mad steamers, except with Great Britain.

On the arrival of the first of the American steamers, bound to Bremen, at Southampton, in the month of June last, the British pest office directed the collection of discriminating postages on all letters and other mailable matter, which she took out to Great Britain, or which went into the British post office on their way to France and other parts of Europe. The effect of the order of the British post office is to subject all letters and other matter transported by American steamers to double postage, one postage having been previously paid on them to the United States, while letters transported in British steamers are subject to pay but a single postage. This measure was adopted with the avowed object of protecting the British line of mail steamers now running between Boston and Liverpool and, if permitted to continue, must speedily put an end to the transportation of all letters and other matter by American steamers, and give to British steamers a monopoly of the business. A just and fair reciprocity is all that we desire, and on this we must insist. By our laws, no such discrimination is made against British steamers bringing letters into our ports, but all letters arriving in the United States are subject to the same rate of postage, whether brought in British or American vessels. I refer you to the report of the Postmaster General for a full statement of the facts of the case, and of the steps taken by him to correct this inequality. He has exerted all the power conferred upon him by the existing laws.

The minister of the United States at London has brought the subject to the attention of the British government, and is now engaged in negotiations for the purpose of adjusting reciprocal postal arrangements, which shall be equally just to both countries. Should he fail in concluding such arrangements, and should Great Britain insist on enforcing the unequal and unjust measure she has adopted, it will become necessary to confer additional powers on the Postmaster General, in order to enable him to meet the emergency, and to put our own steamers on an equal footing with British steamers engaged in transporting the mails between the two countries; and I recommend that such powers be conferred.

In view of the existing state of our country, I trust it may not be inappropriate, in closing this communication, to call to mind 0039 39 the words of wisdom and admonition of the first and most illustrious of my predecessors, in his farewell address to his countrymen.

That greatest and best of men, who served his country so long, and loved it so much, foresaw, with “serious concerns,” the danger to our Union “of characterizing parties by geographical discriminations— northern and southern, Atlantic and western —whence designing men may endeavor to excite a belief that there is a real difference of local interests and views,” and warned his countrymen against it.

So deep and solemn was his conviction of the importance of the Union and of preserving harmony between its different parts, that he declared to his countrymen in that address, “it is of infinite moment that you should properly estimate the immense value of your national Union to your collective and individual happiness; that you should cherish a cordial, habitual, and immovable attachment to it; accustoming yourselves to think and to speak of it as a palladium of your political safety and prosperity; watching for its preservation with jealous anxiety; discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can in any event be abandoned; and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest, or to enfeeble the sacred ties which now link together the various parts.”

After the lapse of half a century, these admonitions of Washington fall upon us with all the force of truth. It is difficult to estimate the “immense value” of our glorious Union of confederated States, to which we are so much indebted for our growth in population and wealth, and for all that constitutes us a great and a happy nation. How unimportant are all our differences of opinion upon minor questions of public policy, compared with its preservation; and how scrupulously should we avoid all agitating topics which may tend to distract and divide us into contending parties, separated by geographical lines, whereby it may be weakened or endangered.

Invoking the blessing of the Almighty Ruler of the Universe upon your deliberations, it will be my highest duty, no less than my sincere pleasure, to co-operate with you in all measures which may tend to promote the honor and enduring welfare of our common country.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , December 7, 1847.

The message was read.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That five thousand copies of the message, and two thousand copies of the message and accompanying documents, in addition to the usual number, be printed for the use of the Senate.

On motion by Mr. Allen,

Ordered , That twenty thousand copies of the message, without the documents, be printed for the use of the Senate.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, December 8, 1847. Link to Annals.

The honorable John M. Clayton, from the State of Delaware, and the honorable John Davis, from the State of Massachusetts, attended.

The oath prescribed by law was administered to the honorable John Davis, and he took his seat in the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a communication from Wendell and Van Benthuysen, printers of the Senators stating the cause which has prevented them from furnishing Senators with copies of the message of the President of the United States, of yesterday as early as has been customary: which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of State, made agreeably to law, accompanied by statements, showing the appropriations and disbursements for the service of the department, for the year ending June 30, 1847: which was read.

The Vice President presented a memorial of the legislature of the Territory of Oregon, praying that the settlers in that Territory may be Confirmed in their titles to the lands occupied by them, and the adoption of measures to promote education and improve the navigation of the Columbia river.

Ordered , That it lie on the table and be printed.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Sarah Ann Hart, widow of B. F. Hart, late a purser in the navy, praying a pension.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Dix presented a memorial of Sarah Ann Hart, widow, and Monmouth B. Hart, Joel Kelly, and William Close, sureties of Benjamin F. Hart, deceased, late a purser in the navy, praying to be released from the payment of a balance standing against him on the books of the treasury on account of stores lost by the wreck of a vessel of the United States.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Francis O. Dorr and Andrew C. Dorr, in behalf of their brother Gustavus Dorr, late a captain in the army, now an inmate of a lunatic asylum, praying that he may be allowed a pension.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Dix presented a preamble and resolutions passed by the legislature of the State of New York, requesting the Senators and Representatives of that State in Congress to vote for the passage of a law granting public land for the construction of a railroad from lake Michigan to the Pacific, according to the plan proposed by Asa Whitney, a citizen of New York.

Ordered , That they lie on the table and be printed.

Mr. Dickinson presented resolutions passed by the legislature of the State of New York, instructing the Senators and requesting the Representatives of that State in Congress to use their best efforts to procure a repeal of certain provisions of the law regulating the franking privilege and the postage on letters and newspapers.

Ordered , That they lie on the table and be printed.

0041 41

Mr. Dix presented the petition of Phoebe Wood and Sylvia Ann Wood, children of Jethro Wood, deceased, praying an extension of the patent granted to their father for and improvement in the construction of the plough.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

On motion by Mr. Hunter,

Ordered , That the heirs of William Grayson, deceased, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That Nehemiah Brush have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Atherton submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That on Monday next, at one o'clock, the Senate will proceed to the appointment of standing committees, in pursuance of the rules.

Mr. Allen submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, amended by filling the blank, and agreed to.

Resolved , That ten thousand additional copies of the documents accompanying the President's annual message be printed for the use of the Senate.

On motion by Mr. Niles, the vote of yesterday ordering twenty thousand copies of the message, without the documents, to be printed for the use of the Senate, was reconsidered: and

The Senate proceeded to the consideration of the motion; and, having been amended, it was agreed to, as follows:

Ordered , That ten thousand copies of the message, without the document, be printed for the use of the Senate.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Hannegan asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 1) for the relief of the heirs of John Paul Jones; which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be “An act for the relief of the heirs of John Paul Jones.”

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, December 9, 1847. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate the following reports:

A report of the Second Auditor of the Treasury, made agreeably to law, accompanied by copies of accounts rendered by persons charged or entrusted with the disbursement or application of moneys, goods, or effects, for the benefit of the Indians, from the 1st of October, 1845, to the 30th September, 1846.

0042 42

A report of the Treasurer of the United States, accompanied by copies of his accounts for the third and fourth quarters of 1846, and first and second quarters of 1847, as adjusted by the accounting officers of the department.

The reports were read.

Mr. Breese presented the petition of Dorothea Payne, widow of Adams Payne, deceased, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying that she may be allowed a pension.

Mr. Douglas presented the petition of David B. Sears, of Illinois, praying the right of pre-emption to a certain tract of land.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Clarke presented resolutions of the Legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in favor of a railroad from lake Michigan to the Pacific coast, and the appropriation of public lands on the route for the purpose of effecting that object.

Ordered , That the resolutions be printed.

Mr. Pearce submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary of War be directed to communicate to the Senate a copy of notes of a military reconnoissance of the route from fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California, by Lieutenant William H. Emory, of the topographical engineers, with map of the said route and of the Arkansas, Del Norte, and Gela rivers, and also the report of P. St. George Cook's route to California, after diverging from the track of General Kearny.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That Walter Loomis and Abel Gay have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Hale,

Ordered , That William Fuller and Orlando Saltmarsh have leave to withdraw their petition and papers,

On motion by Mr. Sturgeon,

Ordered , That Titian R. Peale have leave to withdraw his memorial and accompanying documents.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday next.

Mr. Niles submitted the following resolutions; which were considered, and unanimously agreed to.

Resolved, unanimously , That the Senate, from a sincere desire of showing every mark of respect due to the memory of the honorable Jabez W. Huntington, deceased, late a member thereof, will go into mourning by wearing crape on the left for thirty days.

Resolved, unanimously , That, as an additional mark of respect for the memory of the honorable Jabez W. Huntington, the Senate do now adjourn.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, December 13, 1847. Link to Annals.

The honorable David Levy Yulee, from the State of Florida, attended.

Mr. Turney presented the credentials of the honorable John Bell, elected a Senator by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, for the term of six years from the fourth day of March, 1847; which were read, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Bell, and he took his seat in the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the state of the finances: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That twenty thousand copies, in addition to the usual number, be printed for the use of the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, made agreeably to law, showing the amount of treasury notes issued and redeemed, and the manner in which redeemed: which was ordered to be printed.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 15th of January last, communicating information connected with the commerce of the western lakes and rivers: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, accompanied by a report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office showing the operations of that branch of the public service during the year 1847: which was ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That five hundred copies, in addition to the usual number, be printed for the use of the General Land Office.

Mr. Cameron presented the memorial of Bernard Henry, late United States naval storekeeper at Gibraltar, praying the payment of a balance due him from the government.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Bradbury presented resolutions passed by the legislature of the State of Maine, in favor of the construction of a railroad from lake Michigan to the Pacific coast agreeably to the plan proposed by Asa Whitney, a citizen of the State of New York: which were ordered to be printed.

Mr. Rusk presented the memorial of George Hervey, in behalf of the owners and consignees of the English merchant ship James Mitchell, praying the payment of a sum of money due under an act of Congress, and retained in the treasury of the United States.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Sevier submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That during the present session the Committee on Military Affairs of the Senate consist of seven members.

0044 44

Mr. Mangum submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That during the present session the Committee on Naval Affairs consist of seven members.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be instructed to inquire into the expediency of making an appropriation to remove the obstructions to the navigation of the river Sabine; and that the resolution of the Legislature of Louisiana, the report and other papers on the in relation thereto, be referred to the said committee.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That Margaret Carmick, widow of Daniel Carmick, deceased, have leave to withdraw her petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That William B. Slaughter have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That Henry R. Schoolcraft have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That Bryan Callaghan have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That E. P. Calkin & Company have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the heirs of James Rumsey, deceased, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a resolution for the appointment of two Chaplains to Congress, of different denominations, one by each House, to officiate during the present session, and that they shall interchange weekly.

Also, a resolution for the appointment of a joint committee consisting of three members of each House, to direct and superintend the expenditure of all moneys appropriated for the purchase of books for the Library of Congress, and all other matters, pertaining to the said Library not otherwise provided for by law; and have appointed Mr. John Quincy Adams, Mr. Preston, and Mr. Murphy, the committee on their part. In which resolutions they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The Senate proceeded to the election of a Secretary, pursuant to the 49th rule; and, on counting the ballots, it appeared that Asbury Dickins was duly elected.

Mr. Dickins attended; and the oaths prescribed by law were administered to him by the Vice President.

The Senate proceeded to the appointment of a Sergeant-at-arms and Doorkeeper; and, on counting the ballots, it appeared that Mr. Robert Beale was duly elected.

0045 45

Mr. Beale attended, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to him by the Vice President.

The Senate proceeded to the election of an assistant doorkeeper; and, on counting the ballots, it appeared that Isaac Holland was duly elected.

Mr. Holland attended, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to him by the Vice President.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution from the House of Representatives for the election of two Chaplains, one by each House: and,

Resolved , That they concur therein.

The Senate proceeded to the election of Chaplain on their part; and, on counting the ballots, it appeared that the Rev. Henry Slicer was duly elected.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution for the appointment of a joint Library Committee: and,

Resolved , That they concur therein.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives thereof.

The Senate proceeded, in pursuance of the 34th rule, to the appointment of the chairmen of the several standing committees; and the following chairmen were appointed:

Mr. Sevier, chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Atherton, chairman of the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Dix, chairman of the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Dickinson, chairman of the Committee on Manufactures.

Mr. Sturgeon, chairman of the Committee on Agriculture.

Mr. Cass, chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Rusk, chairman of the Committee on the Militia.

Mr. Fairfield, chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Breese, chairman of the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Yulee, chairman of the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Atchison, chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Mason, chairman of the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Bright, chairman of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

Mr. Ashley, chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Niles, chairman of the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Hannegan, chairman of the Committee on Roads, and Canals.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, chairman of the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Cameron, chairman of the Committee on the District of Columbia.

Mr. Westcott, chairman of the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Turney, chairman of the Committee on Retrenchment.

Mr. Douglas, chairman of the Committee on Territories.

Mr. Hunter, chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings.

0046 46

Mr. Felch, chairman of the Committee on the Contingent Expenses of the Senate.

Mr. Bradbury, chairman of the Committee on Printing.

Mr. Downs, chairmen of the Committee on Engrossed Bills.

Mr. Pierce, chairman of the Committee on the Library.

Mr. Rusk, chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, December 14, 1847. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Register of the Treasury, made agreeably to law, accompanied by statements of the commerce and navigation of the United States.

Ordered , That it be printed; that five thousand five hundred copies, in addition to the usual number, be printed; five hundred copies of which to be for the use of the Treasury Department.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the memorial of Mary L. Keen, widow and administratrix of Elisha L. Keen, deceased, praying the repayment of money advanced by her late husband for the use of government: which was referred the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the memorial of Ann B. Cox, Widow and executrix of Nathaniel Cox, deceased, late navy agent at New Orleans, praying the payment of a balance standing to the credit of her late husband on the books of the treasury: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Breese presented the memorial of Adelaide Snyder and Harriette Personeau, heirs of Jean F. Perry, deceased, praying the confirmation of their claims to certain lands in Illinois: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Dix submitted additional documents relating to the claim of Hugh W. Dobbin: which, with his petition on the files of the Senate, were referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of Sarah Crandall, widow of James Coon, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of James Womsby, a soldier in the revolutionary war, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dix submitted additional documents relating to the memorial of Francis O. Dorr and Andrew C. Dorr: which were referred, with the papers on file, to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Underwood presented the petition of William Nation and Rachel Davis, heirs of Christopher Nation, deceased, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying to be allowed bounty land: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Sturgeon presented the memorial of Evelina Porter, widow of Commodore David Porter, deceased, praying to be allowed a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of Lemuel B. Nicholls, praying 0047 47 compensation for services in assisting in the emigration of the Creek indians, in 1827 and 1828, and for a horse lost while on that duty: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Pearce presented the petition of Thomas P. McBlair, a purser in the navy, praying that certain payments made by him to officers holding acting appointments in the navy may be allowed in the settlement of his accounts: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Underwood submitted additional documents relating to the claim of John Bruce: which, with his petition on the files of the Senate, were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Sevier, and by unanimous consent,

Ordered , That the 34th rule be suspended so far as relates to the appointment by ballot of the remaining members of the several standing committees; and that the following be the standing committees of the Senate:

A Committee on Foreign Relations, consisting of Mr. Sevier, chairman, Mr. Benton, Mr. Webster, Mr. Hannegan, and Mr. Mangum.

A Committee on Finance, consisting of Mr. Atherton, chairman, Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Clayton, Mr. Hunter, and Mr. Phelps.

A Committee on Commerce, consisting of Mr. Dix, chairman, Mr. Breese, Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, Mr. Cameron, and Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts.

A Committee on Manufactures, consisting of Mr. Dickinson, chairman, Mr. Ashley, Mr. Upham, Mr. Butler, and Mr. Clarke.

A Committee on Agriculture, consisting of Mr. Sturgeon, chairman, Mr. Turney, Mr. Spruance, Mr. Atherton, and Mr. Hale.

A Committee on Military Affairs, consisting of Mr. Cass, chairman, Mr. Benton, Mr. Crittenden, Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, Mr. Dix, Mr. Badger, and Mr. Rusk.

A Committee on the Militia, consisting of Mr. Rusk, chairman, Mr. Atchison, Mr. Greene, Mr. Fairfield, and Mr. Underwood.

A Committee on Naval Affairs, consisting of Mr. Fairfield, chairman, Mr. Yulee, Mr. Miller, Mr. Bright, Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, Mr. Cameron, and Mr. Badger.

A Committee on Public Lands, consisting of Mr. Breese, chairman, Mr. Ashley, Mr. Corwin, Mr. Felch, and Mr. Underwood.

A Committee on Private Land Claims, consisting of Mr. Yulee, chairman, Mr. Foote, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, Mr. Downs, and Mr. Berrien.

A Committee on Indian Affairs, consisting of Mr. Atchison, chairman, Mr. Sevier, Mr. Phelps, Mr. Downs, and Mr. Bell.

A Committee of Claims, consisting of Mr. Mason, chairman, Mr. Westcott, Mr. Underwood, Mr. Bradbury, and Mr. Baldwin.

A Committee on Revolutionary Claims, consisting of Mr. Bright, chairman, Mr. Bradbury, Mr. Upham, Mr. Rusk, and Mr. Hale.

A Committee on the Judiciary, consisting of Mr. Ashley, chairman, Mr. Butler, Mr. Berrien, Mr. Westcott, and Mr. Dayton.

A Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads consisting of 0048 48 Mr. Niles, chairman, Mr. Sturgeon, Mr. Pearce, Mr. Rusk, and Mr. Corwin.

A Committee on Roads and Canals, consisting of Mr. Hannegan, chairman, Mr. Foote, Mr. Clarke, Mr. Sturgeon, and Mr. Spruance.

A Committee on Pensions, consisting of Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, chairman, Mr. Felch, Mr. Phelps, Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, and Mr. Baldwin.

A Committee on the District of Columbia, consisting of Mr. Cameron, chairman, Mr. Hunter, Mr. Miller, Mr. Foote, and Mr. Greene.

A Committee on Patents and the Patent Office, consisting of Mr. Westcott, chairman, Mr. Turney, Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, Mr. Dickinson, and Mr. Dayton.

A Committee on Retrenchment, consisting of Mr. Turney, chairman, Mr. Douglas, Mr. Mangum, Mr. Niles, and Mr. Clarke.

A Committee on Territories, consisting of Mr. Douglas, chairman, Mr. Bright, Mr. Clayton, Mr. Butler, and Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts.

A Committee on Public Buildings, consisting of Mr. Hunter, chairman, Mr. Yulee, and Mr. Spruance.

A Committee to audit and control the contingent expenses of the Senate, consisting of Mr. Felch, chairman, Mr. Niles, and Mr. Hale.

A Committee on Printing, consisting of Mr. Bradbury, chairman, Mr. Cameron, and Mr. Greene.

A Committee on Engrossed Bills, consisting of Mr. Downs, chairman, Mr. Mason, and Mr. Baldwin.

A Committee on Enrolled Bills, consisting of Mr. Rusk, chairman, and Mr. Upham.

A Committee on the Library, consisting of Mr. Pearce, chairman, Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, and Mr. Mason.

Mr. Hale having, on his motion, been excused from serving on the several committees on which he had been appointed,

Ordered , That the vacancies in the same be supplied by the appointment of the Vice President; and

Mr. Corwin was appointed on the Committee on Agriculture;

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, on the Committee on Revolutionary Claims; and

Mr. Pearce on the Committee on the Contingent Expenses of the Senate.

Mr. Dickinson submitted the following resolutions; which were read, and ordered to be printed:

Resolved , That true policy requires the government of the United States to strengthen its political and commercial relations upon this continent, and the annexation of such contiguous territory as may conduce to that end, and can be justly obtained; and that neither in such acquisition nor in the territorial organization thereof, can any conditions be constitutionally imposed, or institutions be provided for, or established, inconsistent with the right of the people 0049 49 thereof to form a free sovereign State, with the powers and privileges of the original members of the confederacy.

Resolved , That, in organizing a territorial government for territory belonging to the United States, the principles of Self-government upon which our federative system rests, will be best promoted, the true spirit and meaning of the Constitution observed, and the confederacy strengthened by leaving all questions concerning the domestic policy therein to the legislatures chosen by the people thereof.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That Priscilla Green and Martha Moore have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the memorial of George Hervey be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the memorial of Margaret Carmick, widow of Daniel Carmick, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the petition of Nehemiah Brush, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the petition of Walter R. Johnson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the petition of Calvin Emmons, and the petition of the heirs of Uri Emmons, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

Ordered , That the petition of James Smalley, agent for certain companies of Vermont militia, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

Ordered , That the petition of Nahum Haskell, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Greene,

Ordered , That the petition of Robert Purkis, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Greene,

Ordered , That the petition of Mary MacRae, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That the petition of David Currier, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the documents on the files of the Senate relating to the claim of Peter Engles, senior, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the documents on the files of the Senate relating 4 0050 50 to the claim of Elizabeth Pistole, widow of Charles Pistole, deceased, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Yulee,

Ordered , That the petition of Hannah Petty, and the petition of Peter Capella, administrator of Andrew Capella, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the petition of George Petty, and the documents relating to the claim of Fernando Fellanny, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the petition of William Marvin, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

Ordered , That the petition of Joseph Watson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That the petition of Edward Bolon, the petition of John P. Baldwin, and the petition of William G. Davis, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana;

Ordered , That the petition of Caleb Green, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Douglas,

Ordered , That the petition of David B. Sears, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Mason submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee of Claims be, and they are hereby, authorized to employ a clerk during the present session of Congress.

Mr. Niles submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the auditors of the treasury, the chiefs of the bureaus of the Navy Department, and the assistant postmasters general, be entitled to seats on the floor of the Senate.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That two thousand additional copies be printed of the report of the Secretary of War in relation to the commerce of the western lakes and rivers; and that the said report be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to the relations of the United States with foreign powers be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to the finances be referred to the Committee on Finance.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the 0051 51 United States as relates to the commerce of the united States be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Dickinson,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to manufactures be referred to the Committee on Manufactures.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to military affairs be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to the navy of the United States be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to the public lands, reducing and graduating their price, and a permanent pre-emption system, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to the post office and post roads be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That so much of the message of the President of the United States as relates to pensions be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Breese asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 2) for the relief of Joseph Wilson: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Breese asked and Obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 3) to reduce and graduate the price of public lands: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Dix asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 4) to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to make an arrangement or compromise with Mangle M. Quackenboss and his co-obligors, or any of them, for claims on bonds given by them as sureties to the United States: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Dix asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 5) concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Dix asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 6) to establish a branch mint of the United States in the city of New York: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Dickinson asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 7) to amend the act entitled “An for the regulation 0052 52 of seamen on board the public and private vessels of the United States,” passed the 3d of March, 1813: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Westcott asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 8) further to carry into effect the provisions and stipulations of the 9th article of the Florida treaty with respect to certain losses Spanish subjects in West Florida: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, together with the papers on the in relation thereto.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Bradbury asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. 1) in favor of David Shaw and Solomon T. Corser: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, together with the papers on file.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted yesterday by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, in relation to the removal of obstructions in the river Sabine: and the resolution was agreed to.

Mr. Cameron submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary be directed to furnish each member of the present Senate, who has not already received them, the same number of copies of the Constitution and other books ordered to be furnished to the Senators by the resolutions of February 18, 1847.

On motion,

The vote agreeing to the said resolution was reconsidered; and,

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered , That the resolution be referred to the Committee on the Library, and be printed.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, December 15, 1847. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of the Treasury, accompanied by a report of the superintendent of the coast survey, showing the progress of that work during the year ending October, 1847, which was read.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That it be printed, and that twelve hundred and fifty copies, in addition to the usual number, be printed for the use of the Senate, two hundred and fifty of which to be sent to the superintendent of the coast survey.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have chosen the Rev. Royal R. Gurley, of the Presbyterian denomination, Chaplain on the part of the House.

The House have appointed a Committee on Enrolled Bills, on their part, consisting of James G. Hampton and John L. Robinson.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the petition of William 0053 53 Pumphry, praying the confirmation of his title to certain lands in Louisiana: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Ashley submitted additional documents in relation to the petition of Elizabeth Pistole: which were referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Sturgeon presented the memorial of Henry Simpson, surviving administrator of George Simpson, deceased, praying to be allowed a commission on a loan, negotiated by the testator for the government, in the year 1813: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

The Vice President presented the petition of Mary D. Wade, widow of a deceased naval officer, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of Henry Washington, praying redress for arbitrary and illegal conduct on the part of the surveyor general of public lands in Florida, in violating a contract entered into with him for executing certain surveys: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Cass submitted documents relating to the claim of T. S. Wendall, for the payment of a sum of money due him under the 4th article of the treaty of 1837, with the Saganaw Indians: which were referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of James Edwards, praying compensation for losses sustained in consequence of the destruction of his property during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of James Edwards, administrator of Edward M. Wanton, deceased, praying compensation for losses sustained by the deceased, in consequence of the destruction of his property during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of Eugene Van Ness and John H. Brush, executors of Nehemiah Brush, deceased, praying compensation for losses sustained by the deceased, in consequence of the destruction of his property during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of Gad Humphreys, praying indemnity for losses sustained in consequence of the destruction of his property during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of George Center, praying indemnity for losses sustained in consequence of the destruction of his property during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Calhoun presented the petition of Maria Caldwell Robertson, legal representative of James Caldwell, deceased, praying the payment of certain out standing loan office certificates, issued to the said James Caldwell, and since lost or destroyed: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

Mr. Mason presented the memorial of George H. Lee and others, 0054 54 members of the bar, in the State of Virginia, praying an increase of the salary of the judge of the western district of Virginia: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of Oliver C. Harris, praying an extension of his patent for a paint mill: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Ashley presented the petition of citizens of Union county, Arkansas, praying the establishment of a mail route from Magnolia to Holly Spring, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of the Mexican Gulf Railway Company, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Finance.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of Nathaniel Hoggatt, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of Elizabeth Jones, representative of John Carr, deceased, and the petition of Thompson Hutchinson, heir of Thomas Hutchinson, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the memorial of Foxall A. Parker, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the petition of William C. Easton, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of David Noble, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Hale,

Ordered , That the petition of the representatives of Robert Sewall, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of William Grayson, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Miller,

Ordered , That the petition of John Searing, and the other heirs of Mary Allen, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the petition of John Martin, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the memorial of Calvin Read, and the memorial of George W. Walton, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

0055 55

Ordered , That the petition of J. W. Nye, assignee of Peter Bargy and Hugh W. Stewart, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

Ordered , That the memorial of Maria Loubet, legal representative of Jean Baptiste Lomagne, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Atchison,

Ordered , That the petition of Thomas Talbot and others, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That the petition of Thomas Rhodes, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That the petition of Walter Loomis and Abel Gay, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Francis Cazeau, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

Ordered , That the documents on the files of the Senate, relating to alterations in the times and places for holding the circuit and district courts, in the district of Vermont, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Benjamin Harrison, and the memorial of Samuel Lamme, executor of Nathan Lamme, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That the memorial of Cadwalader Wallace, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the petition of Bryan Callaghan, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the memorial of E. P. Calkins and Company, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the heirs of Presley Thornton, deceased, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Hunter,

Ordered , That William Saunders and William R. Porter, sureties of William Estis, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That Samuel A. Morse have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Downs submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to:

0056 56

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs be instructed to inquire, whether the interests of the service do not require that an hospital, or other additional means, be provided at New Orleans, for the better accommodation of wounded, invalid, and other soldiers or volunteers, going to or returning from Mexico; and also, to inquire whether any further provision of law be necessary to provide adequate means, in all cases, for the support and assistance of discharged soldiers or volunteers on their return home; and to report by bill or otherwise.

Mr. Calhoun submitted the following resolutions for consideration; which were read and ordered to be printed:

Resolved , That, to conquer Mexico, and to hold it, either as a province or to incorporate it in our Union, would be inconsistent with the avowed object for which the war has been prosecuted, a departure from the settled policy of the government, in conflict with its character and genius, and in the end subversive of our free and popular institutions.

Resolved , That no line of policy, in the further prosecution of the war, should be adopted, which may lead to consequences so disastrous.

Mr. Atchison submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs be instructed to inquire into the expediency of reviving an act entitled “An act to provide for the payment of horses and other property lost or destroyed in the military service of the United States,” approved January 18, 1837, as amended by an act entitled “An act to amend an act entitled ‘An act to provide payment for horses and other property lost or destroyed in the military service of the United States,’” approved October 14, 1837; and as still further amended, by an act entitled “An act to amend an act entitled ‘An act to provide payment for horses and other property lost or destroyed in the military service of the United States,’ approved the eighteenth of January, eighteen hundred and thirty-seven,” approved August 23, 1842, and applying the provisions of the same to the volunteers who have been engaged in the military service of the United States since the 13th of May, 1846, are now, or shall hereafter be, in said service; and that said committee be instructed, also, to inquire into the expediency of paying the non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates of said volunteers for parts of rations, when the United States shall fail to supply the same.

Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be instructed to inquire whether any further legislation is necessary, in regard to navigation by steam, for the preservation and protection of passengers.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Upham asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 9) changing the places and fixing the times for holding the circuit and district courts in the district of Vermont: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

0057 57

Agreeable to notice, Mr. Miller asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. R. 2) authorizing the erection on the public grounds, in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and, with the memorial on file, referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted yesterday by Mr. Niles; and having been modified, on the motion of Mr. Niles, it was agreed to as follows:

Resolved , That the heads of bureaus of the Treasury, War, Navy, and Post Office Departments be admitted to seats on the floor of the Senate.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, December 16, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Mangum submitted the credentials of the honorable John McPherson Berrien, chosen a Senator by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia for six years, commencing from and after the the third day of March, 1847: which were read, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Berrien, and he took his his seat in the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report from the Secretary of War, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, accompanied by notes of a military reconnoissance of the route from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Pearce submitted the following motion for consideration:

Ordered , That one thousand additional copies of the notes of a military reconnoisance from Fort Leavenworth to San Diego, by Lieutenant William H. Emory and of Colonel Cook's report be printed for the use of the Senate; and that the Secretary of the Senate cause to be engraved or lithographed an equal number of the map accompanying Lieutenant Emory's report, and such of the botanical, geological, and other illustrations, as the Committee on the Contingent Expenses of the Senate may approve and direct.

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday next.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of the Senate, showing the disbursements from the contingent fund of the Senate for one year, ending the 4th day of December, 1847.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That it be printed.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the proceedings of a town meeting held in the city of Philadelphia the 11th December, 1847.

On motion,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Atherton submitted the following motion; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

0058 58

Ordered , That the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the finances be referred to the Committee on Finance, except so much thereof as relates to the reduction and graduation in the ice of the public lands, and the extension of the pre-emption privilege, and to the mineral lands, which is hereby referred to the Committee on Public Lands; and except so milch thereof as relates to military land warrants and certificates, which is hereby referred to the Committee on Military Affairs; and except so much thereof as relates to the donation of farms in Oregon to actual settlers and emigrants and the grant of school sections, which is hereby referred to the Committee on Territories; and except so much thereof as relates to the light-house system and the warehousing system, and to the establishment of ports of entry in Oregon; which is hereby referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Foote submitted the following resolutions; which were considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved, unanimously , That the Senate, from a desire to exhibit a profound respect for the memory of the honorable Jesse Speight, late member thereof, will go into mourning, by wearing crape on the left arm for thirty days.

Resolved , That as an additional mark of respect for the memory of the honorable Jesse Speight, the Senate do now adjourn.

Ordered , That the Secretary inform the House of Representatives thereof.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, December 20, 1847. Link to Annals.

The honorable Daniel Webster, from the State of Massachusetts, attended.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of R. H. Gillet, Solicitor of the Treasury, in the case of John Pickett and others, owners of the brig Albert, made in pursuance of the directions of the act of the 3d March, 1847: which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate the proceedings of a meeting of citizens in Philadelphia, approving the act of the government in allowing the emigrant Mormons to remain on certain unoccupied public lands.

Ordered , That they lie on the table.

The Vice President laid before the Senate the petition of Charles S. Jackson, an officer of the customs in the port of Philadelphia, praying to be allowed certain, items rejected by the accounting officers in the settlement of his accounts: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Felch presented the petition of Elvira F. Smith, widow of Henry Smith, deceased, an officer in the army, who died of disease contracted in the service, praying to be allowed a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Sevier presented the memorial of the survivors of the crew 0059 59 of the United States brig Somers, praying indemnity for the loss of their clothing and personal effects occasioned by the loss of that vessel in the harbor of Vera Cruz: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Calhoun submitted additional documents relating to the claim of Hugh Wallace Wormley to a pension: which, with his petition on the files of the Senate, were referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Miller presented the petition of Susan T. E. Williamson, widow of Charles L. Williamson, deceased, late an officer in the navy, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Naval on Affairs.

Mr. Miller presented the memorial of Joshua Shaw, praying that a balance due him under an act of Congress, and retained in the treasury, may be paid: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Miller presented the memorial of the vestry of Washington parish, in the city of Washington, praying permission to purchase part of a public reservation: which was referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia.

Mr. Hannegan presented the memorial of Timothy Upham, John Laighton, Thomas Hayes, Michael W. Ash, Samuel McClellan, Robert C. Wetmore, James H. Suydam, and Allen Thomas, legal representative of John Thomas, deceased, formerly navy agents, praying compensation for performing the duties of navy pension agents: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of Jesse Turner, praying the confirmation of his title to a tract of land in Florida, held under a Spanish grant: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Baldwin presented a preamble and resolutions, passed by the Legislature of the State of Connecticut, in favor of the construction of a railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific ocean, according to a plan proposed by Asa Whitney: which were ordered to be printed.

Mr. Underwood presented resolutions, passed by the Legislature of the State of Kentucky, requesting the Senators and Representatives of that State in Congress to urge upon that body the importance of passing such laws as will enable the citizens of slaveholding States to recover their slaves when escaping to the non-slaveholding States: which were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Crittenden presented the petition of Leslie Combs, praying the payment of certain bonds issued by the late republic of Texas: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of William M. Glendy, an officer in the navy, praying compensation for performing duties belonging to a higher grade than that held by him in the service: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

0060 60

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of Sarah Hebard, widow of Andrew Hebard, deceased, late a chief engineer in the navy, praying to be allowed a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of the seamen of the United States' squadron in the Pacific ocean, praying the restoration of the spirit ration: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Dix presented a memorial of officers of the army in Mexico, praying that an act may pass granting pensions to the widows and orphans of such officers as may die in service: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Dix presented a memorial, signed by officers of the army now serving in Mexico, praying that a law may pass authorizing the retirement of officers of the army from active service on certain conditions: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of Isaac Varnes, senior, praying indemnity for losses sustained in consequence of the occupation of his property, as a military post, by troops of the United States: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of Joseph Knox Boyd, praying compensation for his services in the recapture of the United States frigate Philadelphia, in the harbor of Tripoli, in the year 1804: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of William A. Christian, a purser in the navy, praying the allowance of certain items suspended by the accounting officers in the settlement of his accounts: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of John Crosby, in behalf of the children of Andrew D. Crosby, deceased, late a purser in the navy, praying that they may be allowed a year's pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of John Crosby, administrator of Andrew D. Crosby, deceased, late a purser in the navy, praying to be allowed a credit in the settlement of his accounts for payments to certain acting forward officers on board the United States ship Ontario: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Cass submitted documents relating to the claim of A. Kearsley, receiver of public lands at Detroit, to compensation for extra clerk hire in his office: which were referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dix presented a memorial of citizens of Oswego, New York, praying that a drawback of duties may be allowed on wheat imported from Canada into the United States when manufactured into flour and exported: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Benjamin J. Cahoone, a purser in the navy, praying the reimbursement of money advanced by 0061 61 him on public account: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of Ann Chase, praying indemnity for losses at Tampico, in Mexico, occasioned by a popular movement when hostilities commenced between the United States and Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Badger presented the memorial of the religious Society of Friends at New Gardner, North Carolina, praying the adoption of measures for the immediate termination of the war with Mexico.

Ordered , That it lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Hale presented resolutions, passed by the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, in opposition to any legislation by Congress on the subject of slavery, or the extension of slavery in any territory which may hereafter be acquired by the United States.

Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Hale presented a resolution, passed by the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, in favor of the passage an act for the removal of the terms of the circuit and district courts of the United States for the district of New Hampshire from Exeter to Concord, in that State.

Ordered , That it lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Niles presented a preamble and resolutions, passed by the Legislature of the State of Connecticut, declaring their opposition to the introduction of slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, into any territory which may hereafter be acquired by or annexed to the United States.

Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Atherton presented resolutions, passed by the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, in favor of the repeal of so much of the “act to establish certain post routes, and for other purposes,” as enlarges the franking privilege and increases the postage on newspapers not sent from the office of publication.

Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the petition of William H. Prentiss, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the memorial of Bailie Peyton, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of Abner L. Duncan, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the documents on the files of the Senate, relating to the claim of William DeBuys, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of William H. Bassett, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

0062 62

On motion by Mr. Clayton,

Ordered , That the petition of Bethiah Healy, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

Ordered , That the petition of Abigail Garland, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the memorial of A. H. Cole, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the memorial of John I. Sanchez, administrator of Francis R. Sanchez, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the petition, on the files of the Senate, of certain claimants for remuneration for supplies furnished to Florida militia, in the Seminole war, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the petition of Charles M. Gibson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That the petition of Pearson Cogswell, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Atchison,

Ordered , That the petition of Henry M. Shreve, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the petition of Jesse D. Elliott, the petition of Thomas Brownell, and the petition of James McIntosh, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the memorial of the members of the bar at New Orleans, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the petition of John Millikin, Ann H. P. Lawson and others, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the memorial of Clements, Bryan, and Company, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the memorial of John L. Worden, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Gustavus B. Horner, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the memorial of the legal representative of Ethan 0063 63 Allen, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the memorial of the heirs of Caleb Swann, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the memorial of Columbus Alexander and Theodore Barnard, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of Maria S. Nourse, widow of Joseph Nourse, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That the memorial of Joseph Radcliff, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the memorial of Samuel Grice, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Atchison,

Ordered , That J. Throckmorton, and Brent, St. Vrain, and Company have leave to withdraw their petitions and papers.

Mr. Atherton presented resolutions passed by the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, tendering the thanks of that legislature to Major General Zachary Taylor, to Major General Winfield Scott, and to the armies under their commands, for their distinguished and gallant conduct during their engagements with the enemy; tendering their sympathy to the friends and relatives of those who have fallen since the commencement of the war, and approving the measures adopted by the Executive to uphold the honor of the country and to ensure an honorable conclusion of the war.

The resolutions were read.

Ordered , That they be printed.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

The vote ordering the resolutions to be printed was reconsidered: and, leave being granted,

The resolutions were withdrawn.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the maps accompanying the report of the Commismissioner of the General Land Office be printed, for the use of the Senate.

Mr. Ashley submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to in form the Senate of the reasons which have prevented his compliance with a resolution adopted by the Senate the 11th of February, 1846, at the first session of the twenty-ninth Congress, in the following words, to wit: “ Resolved , That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to cause to be made an examination of the public lands subject to overflow, in the State of Arkansas, by the Mississippi, Arkansas, White, Blacks, Red, and St. Francis rivers, in said State; 0064 64 the quantity overflowed by each river; the quantity overflowed by the Mississippi and Arkansas rivers, and lying between, and included within, the boundaries formed by those rivers, the Louisiana line, and the highlands Westward of the lands so overflowed; and that he report the amount necessary to protect those lands from overflow, together with a plan for that object, at the present session of Congress.”

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That Henry Childs have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Mangum, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 10) for the relief of John R. Bryan, administrator of Isaac Garrelson, late a purser in the United States Navy: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Felch, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. R. 3) relating to errors and defective returns in certain surveys, plats, and field-notes: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Breese, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 11) to compensate John M. Moore: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Breese, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 12) authorizing persons to whom reservations of land have been made, under certain Indian treaties, to alienate the same in fee: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Breese asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 13) to grant to the State of Illinois a right of way through the public lands of the United States, and for other purposes: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Mason asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 14) to change the terms for holding the district courts of the United States, in the western district of Virginia, and for other purposes: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Underwood asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 15) to allow further time for satisfying claims for bounty lands, for military services in the late war with Great Britain, and for other purposes: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 16) to grant to the State of Louisiana certain lands for internal improvements: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions submitted by 0065 65 Mr. Calhoun on the 15th instant, concerning the prosecution of the war with Mexico: and

On motion by Mr. Calhoun,

Ordered , That the further consideration of thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Tuesday, the 11th day of January next.

The Senate proceeded to consider the motion submitted by Mr. Pearce on the 16th instant, to print an additional number of the notes of a military reconnoissance from Fort Leavenworth to San Diego; and the motion was agreed to.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: I am directed to inform the Senate of the decease of the Hon. George C. Dromgoole, late a member of the House of Representatives from the State of Virginia, and the proceedings of the House thereon.

Mr. Mason submitted the following resolutions: which were considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved, unanimously , That the Senate has heard, with deep sensibility, of the death of the Honorable George Coke Dromgoole, a representative elect from the State of Virginia, which has been communicated by the House of Representatives.

Resolved , That, in testimony of their respect for the memory of the deceased, the Senators will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.

Resolved , As a further mark of respect, that the Senate do now adjourn.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, December 21, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of David Whelply, praying compensation for services in the expedition under General Pike, to the sources of the Mississippi: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of Amos Holton, formerly a quartermaster in the army, praying that the accounting officers may be directed to audit and settle his accounts: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Westcott presented the petition of Charles L. Dell, praying compensation for military services in the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Westcott presented the petition of Francis Martin, a lieutenant in the revenue service, praying to be allowed additional pay while acting in the naval service, during the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Breese presented two memorials of citizens of the State of Illinois, praying that the Illinois Central Railroad Company may be allowed the right of pre-emption to the lands over which it is proposed 5 0066 66 to construct their road: which were referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of Lavinia Taylor, widow of a deceased soldier, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Felch presented the petition of Charles Bradbury, praying indemnity for French spoliations, prior to 1800: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Dayton presented the memorial of Ann J. Hassler, widow of Charles A. Hassler, deceased, late a surgeon in the navy, praying to be allowed a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of Thomas N. Welch, administrator of Churchill Gibbs, deceased, an officer in the revolutionary army, praying to be allowed commutation pay: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the petition of Aaron Leggett, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That the petition of Alexander Watson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That the resolutions of the Legislature of Florida, on the files of the Senate, relating to indemnification for losses by Indian depredations in the Seminole war, be referred to the Commit tee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of John Devlin, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of John McColgan, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion of Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the memorial of the heirs of William A. Slacum, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

On motion by Mr. Butler,

Ordered , That the petition of Milledge Galphin, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the petition of William T. Sayward and others, owners of the brig Canton, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That James Foster and the heirs of John H. Stone, deceased, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered , That the Vice President be authorised and requested to appoint a superintendent of the Senate's ante-chamber.

0067 67

Mr. Breese submitted the following resolution for consideratio

Resolved , That the Secretary of War be directed to inform the Senate if Fort Armstrong, on Rock Island, in the State of Illinois, is now occupied as a military post; and if no, how long the same has been abandoned as such post; and, if abandoned, in whose charge the same island on what terms; and also, that he communicate his opinion, if the interests of the government require that said site should be reserved from sale for military purposes.

Mr. Dayton submitted the following resolution, which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to inquire, whether any legislation be necessary to carry into effect the treaty between this country and France, of the 9th November, 1843, for the surrender of criminals who are fugitives from justice; and the 10th article of the treaty with Great Britain, of August 9th, 1842, upon the same subject; and that said committee report a bill to carry the provisions of said treaties into effect, if the same shall appear to be necessary.

Mr. Ashley submitted the following resolution, which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to inquire into the expediency of extending the provisions of the act entitled “An act to regulate the exercise of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the United States, in certain cases, and for other purposes,” approved February 22, 1847, to all cases which have arisen before the territorial courts of Iowa, or which may hereafter arise in the State of Iowa.

On motion of Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the heirs of John and Henry Banks have leave to withdraw their memorial and papers.

On motion of Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the Committee of Claims be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Caleb Green, and that it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Mangum, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 17) directing the Secretary of the Navy to purchase the patent right of the conical ventilator: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Dix, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 18) to repeal the act of the 2d of March, 1837, entitled “An act concerning pilots:” which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Ashley, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 19) to divide the district of Arkansas into two judicial districts: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Dix, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 20) concerning testimony: which was read the first and 0068 68 second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee an the Judiciary.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Robert Purkis, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 21) for his relief.

The bill was read and passed to a second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

The bill (S. 21) for the relief of Robert Purkis was read the second time, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

On motion by Mr. Greene,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Cass, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Mary McRea, widow of Lieutenant Colonel William McRea, late of the United States Army, deceased, reported a bill (S. 22) for her relief: which was read and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Mary L. Keen, administratrix of Elisha L. Keen, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 23,) for the relief of the administratrix of Elisha L. Keen, deceased.

The bill was read and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Fairfield, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the bill (S. 2) for the relief of Joseph Wilson, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Fairfield also submitted a report on the subject; which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Fairfield, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom the documents relating to the claim of Walter R. Johnson were referred, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 24) for his relief.

The bill was read and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Foote asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 25) for the relief of Susan E. Gordon: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, December 22, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Greene presented the memorial of Elizabeth Hamilton, widow of Alexander Hamilton, praying the patronage of the government in the publication of the writings of her late husband: which, with the papers on file, was referred to the Committee on the Library.

Mr. Atchison presented the memorial of Henry M. Shreve, praying compensation for the use of a snagboat, of which he is the inventor and patentee, which the government has employed in its service, and the purchase of his patent-right by the United States: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

0069 69

Mr. Hale presented the petition of the Indiana yearly meeting of anti-slavery Friends, praying the adoption of measures for the immediate termination of the war with Mexico and the abolition of slavery.

On motion, by Mr. Hale, that the petition be received,

A motion was made, by Mr. Berrien, that the motion to receive the petition lie on the table.

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas 33

Nays 9

On motion by Mr. Hale,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Badger, Bell, Berrien, Bradbury, Breese, Bright, Butler, Calhoun, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Downs, Fairfield, Felch, Foote, Hunter, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Mason, Niles, Rusk, Sevier, Spruance, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Baldwin, Clarke, Corwin, Greene, Hale, Miller, Phelps, Underwood, Upham.

So it was

Ordered , That the motion to receive the petition lie on the table.

Mr. Hale presented a petition of citizens of Pennsylvania, praying the abolition of slavery throughout the United States.

The reception of the petition being objected to,

Ordered , That the motion for its reception lie on the table.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the petition of D. A. Watterston, praying compensation for services as a clerk in the office of the surveyor general of Louisiana: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Mason presented the memorial of William B. Slaughter, late secretary of the Territory of Wisconsin, praying the repayment of money expended in the public service: which was referred to the Committee on Territories.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the petition of Joseph M. Shepherd, administrator of Richard Harris, deceased, and John Scott, administrator of Nimrod Farrow, deceased, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Miller,

Ordered , That the memorials and petitions, on the files of the Senate, against the repeal of the pilot act, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That the petition of Thomas C. Sheldon, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the memorials and petitions, on the files of the Senate, in favor of the repeal of the pilot act, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

0070 70

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That Joseph H. Waring have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Westcott submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office be instructed to inquire whether any modifications of the present laws relating to patents and the Patent Office be expedient.

On motion by Mr. Dickinson,

Ordered , That the petition of John Lorimer Graham, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Cass, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 26) to raise for a limited time an additional military force: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Dix, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (S. 5) concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, reported a bill (S. 27) supplementary to the act entitled “An act to regulate the exercise of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in certain cases, and for other purposes:” which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted the 21st instant by Mr. Breese, in relation to the occupation of Fort Armstrong, on Rock island, in the State of Illinois, as a military post; and the resolution was agreed to.

After the consideration of Executive business.

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, December 23, 1847. Link to Annals.

The honorable Arthur P. Bagby, from the State of Alabama, attended.

The following message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his secretary:

To the Senate and House of Representatives:

I communicate herewith a report of the Secretary of the Navy, containing a Statement of the measures which have been taken in execution of the act of 3d March last, relating to the construction of floating dry docks at Pensacola, Philadelphia, and Kittery.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , December 22, 1847.

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The message was read.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs, and printed.

Mr. Cass presented the memorial J. Kearsley, receiver of public moneys at Detroit, praying the reimbursement of money advanced by him for clerk hire in his office: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dickinson presented the memorial of John Black, late consul of the United States at the city of Mexico, praying compensation for diplomatic services rendered near the government of Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, presented the memorial of J. S. K. Reeves, an officer of the army, praying that the adjutant of the military academy at West Point may be allowed the same pay and emoluments as are allowed to the adjutants of regiments in the army: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of the secretary and executive committee of the American Colonization Soiety, praying that certain vessels may be exempted from the operation of the acts of 22d February and 2d March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels in transporting colonists to Liberia: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Cass presented the memorial of Mary W. Thompson, in behalf of the widows and orphans of officers of the army, praying that provision may be made for increasing and extending the pensions of the widows of officers who have died of disease or exposure in the service: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Bagby,

Ordered , That the petition of Stephen Steele and James Daniel, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Bagby,

Ordered , That the documents, on the files of the Senate, relating to the claim of George S. Gaines, be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Dickinson,

Ordered , That Lyon & Howard have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

Mr. Baldwin submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Pensions be instructed to inquire into the expediency and propriety of extending the benefit of the provision of the act of March 3, 1845, entitled “An act renewing certain naval pensions for the term of five years” to all pensions of a similar kind which have expired since the passage of the act of the 3d of March, 1847, which had not before been renewed in the same manner as is by the last mentioned act provided in regard to pensions which had been before renewed.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, submitted the following resolution for consideration:

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Resolved , That the Secretary of War inform the Senate—

1. What has been the whole number of volunteer troops called into the service of the United States since the 13th May, 1846?

2. Of the troops so called, what has been the whole number discharged from such service before their term of service had expired; and what the number mustered out of the service of the United States?

3. What has been the whole number of troops in Mexico belonging to the regular army of the United States since the 13th May,

4. What is the number of such troops now in Mexico?

5. What has been the whole number of officers and men, belonging either to the regular army or the volunteers, who have been killed or died of wounds received in battle since the 7th of May, 1846?

6. What has been the whole number of officers and men of the regular army or volunteers wounded in battle since the 7th May, 1846, who have not died of their wounds

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, to whom was referred the resolution (S. R. 1) in favor of David Shaw and Solomon T. Corser, reported the same without amendment.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, to whom the documents relating to the claim of Thomas Rhodes were referred, reported a bill (S. 28) for the relief of Thomas Rhodes: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Fairfield, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported a bill (S. 29) providing for the appointment of assistant pursers in the navy: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion by Mr. Fairfield,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed to Monday next.

Mr. Badger, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of Foxall A. Parker, reported a bill (S. 30) for the relief of Commodre Foxall A. Parker, of the United States navy: which, was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Crittenden, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 31) to provide for the purchase of the manuscript papers of the late James Madison, former President of the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Monday next; and that a report made to the House of Representatives the 9th March, 1846, on the subject, be printed.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 32) to continue the pensions of certain widows: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Pensions.

0073 73

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a bill (H. R. 6) making an appropriation to supply in part a deficiency in the appropriation for subsistence in kind of the army and volunteers during the year ending the 30th June, 1848.

The said bill from the House of Representatives (H. R. 6) was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Finance.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: I am directed to inform the Senate of the death of the honorable Thomas L. Hamer, a Representative elect from the State of Ohio, and of the proceedings of the House of Representatives thereon.

Mr. Allen submitted the following resolutions; which were considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved, unanimously , That the Senate has received, with deep sensibility, the message from the House of Represensatives, announcing the death of the honorable Thomas L. Hamer, a Representutive elect from the State of Ohio.

Resolved, unanimously , That the members of the Senate, from a sincere desire of showing every mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.

Resolved , That, as a further mark of respect for the memory of the deceased, the Senate do now adjourn.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, December 27, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Bradbury announced the decease of the honorable John Fairfield, which took place in this city the 24th instant.

Mr. Niles submitted the following resolutions; which were considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved, unanimously , That a committee be appointed, by the Vice President, to take order for superintending the funeral of the honorable John Fairfield, which will take place to-morrow at 12 o'clock, meridian; and that the Senate will attend the same.

Resolved, unanimously , That the members of the Senate, from a sincere desire of showing every mark of respect due to the memory of the honorable John Fairfield, deceased, late a member thereof, will go into mourning for him one month, by the usual mode of wearing crape on the left arm.

Resolved , unanimously, That, as an additional mark of respect for the memory of the honorable John Fairfield, the Senate do now adjourn.

The Vice President having appointed Mr. Niles, Mr. Berrien, Mr. Breese, Mr. Dix, Mr. Crittenden, and Mr. Greene, the committee of arrangement,

0074 74

Ordered , That the Secretary communicate these proceedings to the House of Representatives.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, December 28, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Niles, from the committee appointed to make arrangements for the funeral of the honorable John Fairfield, submitted a report, accompanied by the following resolutions:

Resolved, unanimously , That, as a mark of respect to the memory of the honorable John Fairfield, late a Senator from the State of Maine, the Vice President, the members of the Senate, and its officers, will, at half-past four o'clock in the afternoon of this day, accompany, in procession, his mortal remains from his late residence to the depot, where they will be delivered to the honorable Mr. Clark, a member of the House of Representatives from the State of Maine, to be accompanied by him to the family of the deceased, in said State; and that the Speaker and members of the House of Representatives be respectfully invited to attend.

Resolved , That the Chaplain of the Senate be requested to deliver the funeral sermon of the honorable John Fairfield, at the Capitol, on the next Sabbath.

Resolved , That a copy of the foregoing resolutions be communicated to the House of Representatives.

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Senate be directed to pay from the contingent fund of the Senate, and place at the disposal of the honorable Franklin Clark, for the funeral expenses of the honorable John Fairfield, a sum equal to that usually expended in similar cases, to be ascertained and drawn for by the chairman of the committee of arrangements.

The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the resolutions; and the resolutions were agreed to.

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, December 29, 1847. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of the Navy, made agreeably to law, accompanied by an abstract of expenditures, under the head of contingent expenses, as settled and allowed at the office of the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, from the 1st day of October, 1846, to the 30th day of September, 1847: which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, made in pursuance of a resolution of the Senate, of the 20th instant, accompanied by a report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, in relation to the information required by a resolution of the Senate, of the 11th of February 1846, which was read, referred to the Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed.

0075 75

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, accompanied by a map and certain documents, required by a resolution of the Senate of the 7th December 1847, which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a petition of Thomas Thompson, a British subject, praying compensation for rescuing the crew of an American merchant vessel wrecked at sea: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Atchison presented the petition of William W. Gitt, praying that the heirs and representatives of claimants to lands under the actor February 17th, 1815, for the relief of the inhabitants of the late county of New Madrid, Missouri Territory, in whose favor certificates have been issued, to locate the same upon the unappropriated public lands: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Atchison presented the petition of Daniel McKissick, praying that a patent may be issued in his favor for the lands on which he has settled in the Oregon Territory: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of the Common Council of the city of Buffalo, New York, praying an appropriation for improving the harbor at that place: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Sevier presented the petition of Jonathan Lewis, praying compensation for depredations committed on his property by the Cherokee Indians: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Douglas presented resolutions passed by the Legislature of the State of Illinois, instructing the Senators and requesting the Representatives of that State in Congress to use their efforts to procure the assent of Congress to the sale of the salt springs in Gallatin county, and the ratification of all sales of salt springs heretofore made by the State of Illinois: which were referred to the Committee on Public Lands and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Breese presented a memorial of citizens of Illinois, praying that the right of pre-emption may be granted to the Central Railroad Company to certain lands: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dix presented the proceedings of a meeting of citizens of New York, in favor of the adoption of measures for expediting the mails between that city and New Orleans: which were referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Dix presented a petition of the Common Council of the city of Buffalo, New York, praying an appropriation for improving the harbor at that place: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Dix presented a petition of citizens of Buffalo, New York, praying an appropriation for improving the harbor at that place: which was referred to the Committee oh Commerce.

Mr. Westcott presented a petition of citizens of Hillsborough county, Florida, praying the establishment of a mail route from 0076 76 Tampa bay to Manitu river: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of David Myerle, praying indemnity for the losses he has sustained in consequence, of his efforts to produce water-rotted hemp for the use of the navy: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the petition of the heirs and legal representatives of John G. Mackall, deceased, praying compensation for property destroyed by the enemy in the last war with Great Britain: which was refer red to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Sturgeon presented the petition of the heirs and legal representatives of George Gibson, deceased, an officer in the revolutionary army, praying to be allowed commutation pay: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Bell,

Ordered , That the memorial of the representative of William Russwurm, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the memorial of Hugh M. McLean, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That the memorial of Richard S. Coxe, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That the memorial of Thomas Douglas, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of Gilbert Stalker and N. P. Hill, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of James F. Sothoron, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Richard McCarty, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the memorial of the forward officers of the late exploring expedition, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the Committee on Public Lands be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Stephen Steele and and James Daniel, and that it be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That Joshua Dodge have leave to withdraw his memorial and papers.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

0077 77

Ordered , That George T. Sinclair have leave to withdraw his memorial and papers.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the legal representative of William Shippen have leave to withdraw his memorial and papers.

Mr. Cass submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs be instructed to inquire into the justice and propriety of providing for the fulfilment of the contract, entered into by the Secretary of War, one the 12th day of March, 1839, under the authority of the joint resolution of Congress of the 13th of February, 1839, “to contract with J. B. and P. Ferribault for the purchase of the island at the confluence of the St. Peter's and Mississippi rivers.”

Mr. Breese submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Public Lands be instructed to inquire into the expediency of allowing to the registers and receivers of the several land offices, for their services under the ninth section of the act of the eleventh of February last, the same compensation as is now allowed by law when money is paid on the entry and purchase of land.

Mr. Sevier submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Public Lands be instructed to inquire into the expediency of allowing a reasonable compensation to such receivers of the public money as perform the duties of Assistant Treasurers of the United States.

On motion of Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That two thousand extra copies of the report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, with the accompanying maps and diagrams, be printed, for the use of the Senate; and that two thousand additional copies of the map of surveys in Florida, accompanying said report, be also printed, for the use of the Senate.

On motion of Mr. Hale,

Ordered , That the resolutions, of the Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, relating to the terms of the circuit and district courts in that State, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

Ordered , That the Committee on Pensions be discharged from the further consideration of the resolution passed by the Senate on the 23d instant, in relation to naval pensions, and that the resolution be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the Committee on Pensions be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Hugh Wallace Wormley, and from the further consideration of the memorial of John Crosby; and that the said petition and memorial be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Bagby, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring 0078 78 in a bill (S. 33) authorizing the payment of interest on the amount advanced by the State of Alabama to the general government, pending the Creek hostilities, in 1836 and 1837: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Ashley asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 34) to establish a permanent, general pre-emption system, in favor of actual settlers on the public lands: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Dickinson asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 35) for the relief of Asa Andrews, of Ipswich, in the State of Massachusetts: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, referred to the Committee of Claims, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Dickinson, also, presented a document relating to the subject; which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Bradbury, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 36) changing the time of holding the terms of the circuit court of the United States in the district of Maine: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That a member be appointed by the Vice President to fill the vacancy in the Committee on Naval Affairs, occasioned by the decease of the honorable John Fairfield: and

Mr. Dickinson was appointed.

Mr. Cass, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 37) providing for the further prosecution of the existing war between the United States and the republic of Mexico: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Cass, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 38) to provide clothing for volunteers in the service of the United States: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (S. 32) to continue the pensions of certain widows, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 11) to compensate John M. Moore, reported the same with amendments.

Mr. Breese, also, submitted a report on the subject; which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office, reported a bill (S. 39) to provide for additional examining clerks in the Patent Office, and for additional fees in certain cases: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Westcott, also, submitted a report on the subject; which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee of Claims, to whom the documents relating to the claim of Lemuel B. Nicholls were referred, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

0079 79

Mr. Phelps, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was referred a memorial of George Simpson, administrator of Henry Simpson, a deceased, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , that the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of James Edwards, administrator of Edward M. Warton, and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of James Edwards, and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by. Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the Committee on the Judiciary be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of John Bruce, and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Milledge Galphin, executor, of the last will and testament of George Galphin, deceased, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 40,) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of William A. Christian, reported a bill (S. 41) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of the heirs of Andrew D. Crosby, reported a bill (S. 42) for their relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Underwood, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 15) to allow further time for satisfying claims for bounty lands, for military services in the late war with Great Britain, and for other purposes, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Atherton, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 6) making an appropriation to supply, in part, a deficiency in the appropriations for subsistence in kind of the army and volunteers, during the year ending the 30th June, 1848, reported it without amendment.

The Senate proceeded to consider the bill last mentioned, (H. R. 6,) as in Committee of the Whole: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate:

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time:

Resolved , That it pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 31) to provide for the purchase of the manuscript papers of the late James Madison, former President of the United 0080 80 States: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate:

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time:

On motion by Mr. Butler,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed until to-morrow.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have appointed a Committee on Printing, on their part, in pursuance of the joint resolution of the two house, consisting of Mr. Conger, of New York, Mr. Henly, of Indiana, and Mr. John B. Thompson, of Kentucky.

I am directed to notify the Senate of the death of the honorable Edward Bradley, late a member elect of the present Congress, from the State of Michigan, and of the proceedings of the House of Representatives thereon.

Mr. Felch submitted the following resolutions; which were considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Senate has received, with deep sensibility, the message from the House of Representatives announcing the death of the honorable Edward Bradley, a Representative elect from the State of Michigan.

Resolved , That the members of the Senate, from a sincere desire of showing every mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.

Resolved , That, as a further testimony of respect for the memory of the deceased, the Senate do now adjourn.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, December 30, 1847. Link to Annals.

Mr. Upham presented a petition of citizens of Ohio, praying the establishment of a mail route from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Mansfield, Ohio: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Underwood presented the petition of John Leroy, praying a pension for a disability incurred while performing the duty of an express-man, in the service of the United States, in Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Webster presented a petition of the American Peace Society, praying the adoption of peaceful measures for terminating the existing war with Mexico:

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Webster presented the petition of Henry Hatch, praying indemnity for French spoliations prior to 1800.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Breese presented a petition of citizens of Illinois, praying that the right of pre-emption may be granted to the Illinois Central 0081 81 Railroad Company to the lands lying on the route of their road: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Joseph Bouchand, praying the repayment of money paid into the Treasury of the United States, as security for J. S. Roulet, on duty bonds: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Badger presented a petition of citizens of Johnston county, North Carolina, praying the establishment of a post office in that county: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Berrien submitted additional documents relating to the petition of Milledge Galphin, executor of George Galphin, deceased.

Ordered , That they lie on the table.

On motion by Mr. Webster,

Ordered , That the memorials of the President and Fellows of Harvard college, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Finance.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the petition of Maria Ostrander, and the petition of Sarah Overbagh, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the petition of Samuel W. Bell, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Crittenden,

Ordered , That Sarah E. Graham have leave to withdraw her petition and papers.

Mr. Badger submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce inquire into the expediency of establishing additional floating and stationary lights, and also additional buoys, below and between the town of Wilmington, in North Carolina, and the ocean.

Mr. Clayton submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be directed to inquire into the expediency of making appropriations for the harbors in the River Delaware, at Port Penn, Delaware City, New Castle, and in the Christiana and Mahon's river; also, for the erection of a light on the burnt pier opposite to Fort Mifflin; and that the report heretofore made by the Secretary of the Treasury, with the accompanying documents, on the expediency of a general law requiring vessels navigating the Delaware to carry lights in the night time be taken from the files and referred to the said committee.

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be directed to inquire into the expediency of a law requiring coasting vessels of the United States to employ apprentices in the navigation of said vessels.

Mr. Bagby submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Postmaster General be requested to transmit 6 0082 82 to the Senate all the papers on file in his office relating to the transportation of the mail, by Jamison and Williamson, between Montgomery and Tuscaloosa, and between Selma and Maplesville, Alabama.

Mr. Clayton Submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That three hundred and fifty copies of the map of the coast survey of the Delaware bay and river be printed for the use of the Senate.

Mr. Mangum submitted the following motion for consideration:

Ordered , That the Vice President be authorized and requested to have two moveable desks provided for the reporter of the proceedings and debates of the Senate, and his assistants, upon the floor of the Senate chamber, to be used only during the sessions of the Senate, and to accommodate two persons.

Mr. Dickinson, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 43) for the relief of Jeannette C. Huntington, widow and sole executrix of William D. Cheever, deceased: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Corwin, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the memorial of Cadwallader Wallace, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 44,) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Atchison, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Thomas Talbot and others, reported a bill (S. 45) for their relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

On motion by Mr. Atchison,

Ordered , That the report made the 18th January, 1847, on the subject, be printed.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That a member be appointed, by the Vice President, to fill the vacancy in the board of regents of the Smithsonion Institution, occasioned by the resignation of the honorable Lewis Cass: and

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, was appointed.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That a Committee on Printing, on the part of the Senate, in pursuance of the joint resolution approved August 3d, 1846, be appointed by the Vice President: and

Mr. Bradbury, Mr. Cameron, and Mr. Greene were appointed.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

Mr. Dix, from the Committee on Commerce, reported a bill (S. 46) to authorize the issuing of a register to the bark Canton: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consents and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

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The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions submitted by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, the 23d instant, in relation to the number of volunteer and regular troops in the service of the United States since the 13th May, 1846: and the resolutions were agreed to

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 31) to provide for the purchase of the manuscript papers of the late James Madison, former President of the United States, on its third reading: and

On the question, shall this bill pass?

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas, 22

Nays, 13

On motion,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Badger, Bagby, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Douglas, Foote, Greene, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Phelps, Sevier, Sturgeon, Upham, Webster, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Atchison, Atherton, Breese, Calhoun, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Felch, Hale, Turney, Underwood, Westcott.

So it was

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be “An act to provide for the purchase of the manuscript papers of the late James Madison, former President of the United States.”

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

On motion by Mr. Cass, that the Senate proceed to the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force,

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas, 19

Nays, 19

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Breese, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Felch, Foote, Rusk, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Clarke, 0084 84 Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Greene, Hale, Johnson, of Maryland Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Phelps, Underwood, Upham, Yulee.

The Senate being equally divided, the Vice President determined the question in the affirmative.

The bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and,

After the consideration of executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, January 3, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, exhibiting the applications for pensions which have been rejected during the year 1847: which was read, referred to the Committee on Pensions, and ordered to be printed.

The Vice President also laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, in relation to the further use and occupation of Fort Armstrong, on Rock island, as a military site: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Ashley presented a memorial, adopted at a convention held at Washington, in the State of Arkansas, composed of delegates from the several counties bordering on the Red river, praying an appropriation for removing the raft in that river: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Breese presented a petition of citizens of Montgomery county, Illinois, praying the establishment of a mail route from Shelbyville to Alton, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Breese presented a memorial of citizens of Fayette county, Illinois, praying that the right of pre-emption to certain lands may be granted to the Illinois Central Railroad Company: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Corwin presented the memorial of Joseph Graham and George Lee Brent, praying compensation for services as special agents to the government of Paraguay, under directions from the United States chargé d'affaires near the Argentine republic: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Mason presented the memorial of Thomas M. Corby, praying indemnity for French spoliations prior to 1800: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

Ordered , That the petition of Thomas, Copperthwaite, & Company, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the memorial of Frederick Vincent, administrator of Le Caze & Mallet, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

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On motion by Mr. Bell,

Ordered , That the memorial of the eastern Cherokee Indians, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Crittenden,

Ordered , That the documents, on the files of the Senate, relating to the claim of Robert Armstrong, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Sour John, a Cherokee Indian, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Hunter,

Ordered , That the petition of J. F. Caldwell, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Benton submitted the following resolution for consideration; which was ordered to be printed:

Resolved , That their be printed, for the use of the Senate,—copies of the tour, or memoir of Dr. Wislizenus, through the northern parts of Mexico as physician to Colonel Doniphan's column, being a history of the expedition of Colonel Doniphan, with scientific observations upon the face of the country. Also, that there be engraved or lithographed, for the use of the Senate, copies of the superficies map which accompanies the same; also, the same number of the barometrical map of the profile of elevations above the level of the sea from St. Louis, in Missouri, on the line of march of said expedition to Santa Fe, in New Mexico, and thence by Chihuahua, the Bolson de Mapimi, Parras, Saltillo, and Monterey, to Reynosa, on the Rio Grande; also, the same number of the geological map, and the same number of the table of meteorological observations, which, accompany the same.

Also, be it resolved , That copies of the said memoir, with the accompanying maps, be printed for the use of Dr. Wislizenus.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs be instructed to inquire into the expediency of passing in act granting a portion of the public lands in the State of Louisiana, to every citizen soldier, widow, or orphan of every citizen soldier, who bore arms in defence of Louisiana in the years 1814 and 1815.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the resolutions of the Legislature of the State of Louisiana, on the files of the Senate, relating to the subject, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Hunter submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate to the Senate the correspondence of Mr. Wise, late minister of the United States at the court of Brazil, embracing a letter of Mr. Hamilton Hamilton, her Britannic Majesty's minister 0086 86 at the same court to Mr. Wise, dated the 24th of March, 1846, with a note from the Earl of Aberdeen of the 4th December, 1845; a letter from Mr. Wise to Mr. Hamilton dated the 27th of March, 1846; a letter from Mr. Wise to Mr. Hamilton dated 31st July, 1846, and the papers accompanying the same; all relating to the subject of the slave-trade: provided that the same may be done, in his opinion, without detriment to the public service.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That the Committee on Finance be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of Joseph Bourchand, and that it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That the Committee on Finance be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of S. Kearsley, and that it be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The Speaker of the House of Representatives having signed an enrolled bill, I am directed to bring it to the Senate for the signature of their President.

The Vice President signed the enrolled bill entitled “An act making an appropriation to supply in part a deficiency in the appropriations for subsistence in kind of the army and volunteers during the year ending the 30th of June, 1848;” and it was delivered to the committee, to be presented to the President of the United States.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Berrien asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 47) making an appropriation for removing obobstructions in the Savannah river: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, by unanimous consent, asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. R. 4) to create a board to ascertain and determine the amount of each of the claims of the citizens of the United States against Mexico: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Peter Capella, administrator of Andrew Capella, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 48) for the relief of Peter Capella, administrator of Andrew Capella, deceased, and for the relief of John Carpo, and for the relief of Elijah Petty and Hannah Petty, his wife, heirs of John Beardon, deceased.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Douglas, from the Committee on Territories, reported a bill (S. 49) for the relief of W. B. Slaughter, late secretary of the Territory of Wisconsin: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion by Mr. Badger,

Ordered , That the further consideration of the bill be postponed until to-morrow.

0087 87

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 19) to divide the district of Arkansas into two judicial districts reported it without amendment, and submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the motion, submitted by Mr. Mangum the 30th December, in relation ton provision for the accommodation of the reporter of the proceedings and debates of the Senate; and,

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That the motion be referred to a select committee, consisting of three members, to be appointed by the Vice President; and

Mr. Mangum, Mr. Sevier, and Mr. Breese, were appointed the committee.

The bill (S. 23) for the relief of the administratrix of Elisha L. Keen, deceased, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion by Mr. Badger,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 2) for the relief of Joseph Wilson; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The bill (S. 38) to provide clothing for volunteers in the service of the United States was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise for a limited time an additional military force.

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered , That the further consideration of the bill be postponed to, and be the order of the day for, Wednesday, the 5th instant.

After the consideration of Executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, January 4, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Sturgeon presented the petition of Jones and Boker, and others, praying the payment of certain treasury notes which they had deposited in a post office for transmission by the mail, but, having been purloined, were fraudulently altered, put into circulation, and paid by an agent of the government.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

0088 88

Mr. Hale presented the petition of Herrick Aiker, praying an extension of his patent for an improvement in the saw set: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office, with the papers on file.

Mr. Bell presented the petition of Betsey McIntosh, a Cherokee, praying payment of the money awarded to her by the board of Cherokee commissioners under the 17th article of the treaty of 1835: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Cameron presented a memorial of the Kennet monthly meeting of the religious Society of Friends in Chester county, Pennsylvania, praying the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia and the slave trade between the States; also, the rejection of any proposition for the acquisition of territory unless provision be made for the total exclusion of slavery therefrom.

The motion to receive the memorial being objected to,

Ordered , That the motion lie on the table.

Mr. Cameron presented the proceedings of a town meeting in Philadelphia, approving the measures pursued by the administration in the prosecution of the war with Mexico.

Ordered , That they lie on the table.

Mr. Cass submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary of War communicate to the Senate such military reports as have been received by him from the commander of our army in Mexico since the transmission of his annum report, and that the same be printed with his annual report.

Mr. Butler submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs inquire into the expediency of giving the President authority to promote, from the regular army, such officers as he may think proper to select to any new grade of command, to continue during the war with Mexico, with a provision, that such officer or officers shall not lose at the termination of the war their original commissions, or any of the rights incident thereto.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they yesterday presented to the President of the United States the enrolled bill (H. R. 6) entitled “An act making an appropriation to supply, in part, a deficiency in the appropriations for subsistence, in kind, of the army and volunteers during the year ending the 30th June, 1848.”

Mr. Breese, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S.50) to create the office of surveyor general of the public lands in the Territory of Oregon, and to grant donation rights to settlers therein, and for other purposes: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Badger, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of Charles L. Dell, reported a bill (S. 51) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The engrossed bill (S. 2) for the relief of Joseph Wilson was read a third time.

0089 89

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The resolution (S. R. 4) to create aboard to ascertain and determine the amount of each of the claims of the citizens of the United States against Mexico was read the second time.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

The bill (S. 24) providing for the payment of the claim of Walter R. Johnson against the United States was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 23) for the relief of the administratrix of Elisha L. Keen, deceased; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 5) concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the resolution (S. R. 1) in favor of David Shaw and Solomon T. Corset; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said resolution was read a third time.

Resolved , That this resolution pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this resolution.

The bill (S. 28) for the relief of Thomas Rhodes was read the 0090 90 second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions submitted by Mr. Calhoun 15th December, concerning the prosecution of the war with Mexico:

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That the resolutions lie on the table.

After the consideration of Executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, January 5, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Treasurer of the United States, accompanied by accounts of receipts and disbursements for the post office department, for the year ending 30th June, 1847: which was read.

Mr. Hale presented the petition of the heirs of Moses White, deceased, a revolutionary officer, praying to be allowed arrears of pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dickinson presented additional documents relating to the claim of John Lorimer Graham: which were referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Yulee presented the petition of the widow and legal representatives of Reuben Lassiter, deceased, praying compensation for a slave shot by a party of volunteers in the service of the United States, in the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Sevier presented the petition of Albert Pine, praying that compensation may be made to a company of Arkansas cavalry, commanded by him, for horses lost or stolen while in the service of the United States: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of Susan C. Randall, widow of Archibald Randall, late district judge of the United States for the eastern district of Pennsylvania, praying compensation for services rendered by her late husband as circuit judge: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of William Woodbridge and Henry Chipman, late judges of the United States in the Territory of Michigan, praying compensation for services not incident to their judicial office: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Mary M. Foot, widow of Lyman Foot, late a surgeon in the army, praying that provision may be made for herself and family, in consideration of the death of her husband while in the discharge of his duty in Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Marvin W. Fisher, praying compensation for the use of his invention for charging percussion 0091 91 caps, and the purchase, by the government, of his patent right: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of citizens of the county of Orleans, New York, praying that the franking privilege may be abolished, and the rates of postage on newspapers reduced: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, presented an additional document relating to the petition of Hugh W. Dobbin: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Clayton submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Printing be instructed to inquire, and report why none of the copies of the President's Message, with documents, or of the reports of the Secretaries and Postmaster General, with documents, have been furnished, for the use of the Senate, and when the said copies may be furnished by the printer.

Mr. Hunter, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 52) to authorize the payment of equitable commissions to the agents or attorneys of persons in whose favor awards halve been made under three several treaties between the United States and foreign powers; which awards have been retained in the treasury in payment of debts due to the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 53) for the relief of the legal representatives of Martin Fenwick: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred a memorial of the American Colonization Society, reported a bill (S. 54) exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society, in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa, from the provisions of the acts of the 22d February and 2d of March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the memorial of Richard S. Coxe, reported a bill (S. 55) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Ashley also submitted a report on the subject; which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Dix, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (S. 18) to repeal the act of the 2d March, 1837, entitled “An act concerning pilots,” reported it without amendment.

Mr. Dix, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (S. 47) making an appropriation for removing obstructions in the Savannah river, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Rusk, from the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Thomas N. Welsh, submitted a report, accompanied by the following resolution:

0092 92

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Senate do send the petition and other papers accompanying it, to the Secretary of Wars with this report.

The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the said resolution: and the resolution was agreed to.

Mr. Bradbury, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of George Hervey, submitted a report, accompanied by the following resolution:

Resolved , That the prayer of George Hervey, agent for the owners and consignees of the English ship James Mitchell, ought not to be granted.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a bill (H. R. 18) “making further provisions for surviving widows of the solders of the revolution,” in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The President of the United States yesterday approved and signed the enrolled bill (H. R. 6) entitled “An act making an appropriation to supply, in part, a deficiency in the appropriations for subsistence, in kind, of the army and volunteers, during the year ending June 30, 1848.

The bill (H. R. 18) making further provisions for surviving widows of the soldiers of the revolution, was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Pensions.

The engrossed bill (S. 28) for the relief of Thomas Rhodes was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 15) to allow further time for satisfying claims for bounty lands for military services in the late war with Great Britain, and for other purposes: and,

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed until to-morrow.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the following bills:

S. 32. Bill to continue the pensions of certain widows;

S. 49. Bill for the relief of William B. Slaughter, late secretary of the Territory of Wisconsin; and

Ordered , That they severally lie on the table.

The following bills were severally read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 30. Bill for the relief of Foxall A. Parker, of the United States navy;

0093 93

S. 37. Bill providing for the further prosecution of the existing war between the United states and the republic of Mexico;

S. 41. Bill for the relief of William A. Christian;

S. 42. Bill for the relief of Andrew D. Crosby; and,

On motion,

Ordered , That they severally lie on the table.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

On motion, by Mr. Crittenden, to amend the bill, by striking out all after the enacting clause, and inserting the following:

“ That the President be, and he is hereby, authorized, should the exigencies of the war require a further increase of force, to call for, and accept the services of additional volunteers, not exceeding thirty thousand, who may offer their services either as, cavalry, infantry, or riflemen, to serve three years after they shall have arrived at the place of rendezvous, unless sooner discharged; to be raised and organized in the same manner as are provided for volunteers under existing lows, and to have the same pay, rations, and allowances, including land or scirp, according to grades; and to be subject to the same regulations and to the rules and articles of war .

“ Sec . 2. And be it further enacted, That where companies of volunteers, which are now or may hereafter be in service, shall become reduced in rank and file, the President be, and he is hereby, authorized to discharge a part of the commissioned officers, leaving not more than three for sixty rank and file in the company, and not more than two for forty rank and file: and where the company shall be reduced below twenty rank and file, he may discharge the whole company, officers and men, and receive a new company of not less than eighty rank, and file, in lieu of said discharged company: Provided nothing herein contained shall require the President to reduce the officers, or to discharge a company, if, in his opinion, the reduced companies can be again filled up by recruits .

“ Sec . 3. And be it further enacted, That where regiments of volunteers, which are now, or may hereafter be in service, shall become reduced, the President be, and he is hereby, authorized to receive additional companies of volunteers for such regiments: Provided the additional companies, so received for any regiment, shall not increase its numerical strength beyond one thousand rank and file .

“ Sec . 4. And be it further enacted, That the provision in the 2d section of the act entitled ‘An act to encourage enlistments in the regular army,’ approved January twelfth, eighteen hundred and forty-seven, be, and the same is hereby, extended to include the recruits who may hereafter enlist for the first and second regiments of dragoons and the regiment of mounted riflemen, and the non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates of volunteers, who may engage to serve during the war with Mexico, or for the term of three years, as provided by this act .

“ Sec . 5. And be it further enacted, That the volunteers raised under this act, and whose term of service may not sooner expire, shall 0094 94 be discharged within six months after the ratification of a treaty of peace with Mexico .”

It was determined in the negative,

Yeas 19

Nays 26

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Dayton, Greene, Hale, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Phelps, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Webster.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bradbury, Breese, Butler, Cameron, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hannegan, Hunter, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mason, Rusk, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott.

So the proposed amendment was not agreed to.

The bill, having been amended on the motion of Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, was reported to the Senate; and the amendment was concurred in.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin, that the Senate adjourn,

It was determined in the negative,

Yeas 23

Nays 24

On motion by Mr. Cass,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Dayton, Greene, Hale, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Phelps, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Webster.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bradbury, Breese, Cameron, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hannegan, Hunter, Mason, Rusk, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott, Yulee.

No further amendment being proposed,

Ordered , That this bill be engrossed, and read a third time.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, January 6, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Turney presented the credentials of the honorable Dixon H. Lewis, elected a Senator by the General Assembly of the State of Alabama, for six years, commencing from the 4th day of March, 1847: which were read, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Lewis, and he took his seat in the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Postmaster General, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, in relation to the claim of Jamison and Williamson: which was read.

0095 95

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of State, made agreeably to law, showing the number and compensations of clerks in the Department of State: which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the board of regents of the Smithsonian Institution, made agreeably to law, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the institution:

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That it be printed.

Mr. Allen presented a petition of citizens of Ohio, praying a reduction of the rates of postage, and the discontinuance of the franking privilege: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Allen presented a petition of citizens of Ross county, Ohio, praying the adoption of measures for the immediate termination of the war with Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Allen presented a resolution passed by the Legislature of the State of Ohio, in favor of the passing of an act granting a pension to Henry Johnson, of that State: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dickinson submitted documents relating to the claim of the legal representatives of Jethro Wood, deceased, to an extension of their patent for an improvement in the plough: which, with their petition, on the files of the Senate, were referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of Patrick Marantette, praying compensation fox provisions and merchandize furnished the Pottawattomie Indians: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Corwin presented the memorial of the New Garden monthly meeting of Friends, in the county of Chester, Pennsylvania, praying the adoption of peaceful measures for terminating the war with Mexico; that slavery may not be tolerated in any territory which may be acquired from that republic; and the adoption of measures for establishing a tribunal for the peaceful settlement of national disputes: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Atchison submitted documents in relation to the claim of Margueretta Reneau, praying compensation for section of land, reserved to her under the treaty of 1825: which were referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented resolutions passed by the Legislature of the State of Florida, in favor of the passing of an act to authorize the reimbursement of the expenses incurred by the Florida volunteers, previous to being mustered into the service of the United States, which were referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Butler presented a resolution passed by the Legislature of the State of South Carolina, in favor of the establishment of a branch mint at Charleston, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

0096 96

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the petition of Joseph De La Francia, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That the memorial of the representatives of Moses Shepherd, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Roads and Canals.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of William Miller, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of William Frost, and the petition of the heirs of Nathaniel Leavett, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the memorial of John M. McIntosh, assignee of John Clute and Jacob Hart, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That William H. Hildreth have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Mason submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the editors of the Union, a newspaper printed at Washington, and who were late printers to the Senate, be hereafter entitled to the same access to the floor of the Senate which is now extended to others, who were former like printers.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That the message of the President of the United States, of the 23d December, 1847, with the report of the Secretary of the Navy, accompanying the same, and the executive communications on file, relating to dry docks at Pensacola, Philadelphia, and Kittery, be printed for the use of the Senate.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, by unanimous consent, asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. R. 5) providing for the payment of certain claims under the treaty between the United States and Mexico of April 4, 1839: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 56) to provide for a survey of the mouth of Red river, in the State of Louisiana: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Bradbury, from the Committee on Printing, who were instructed, by a resolution of the Senate, “to, inquire, and report, why none of the copies of the President's Message, with documents, or of the reports of the Secretaries and Postmaster General, with documents, have been furnished for the use of the Senate, and when the said copies may be furnished by the printers;” submitted a report, accompanied by a communication from the printers of Congress, on the subject.

0097 97

Mr. Miller, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to whom was referred a resolution (S. 2) authorizing the erection on the public grounds, in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Badger, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 57) to promote the filling up of vacancies in the volunteer corps now in the service of the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, having been amended, on the motion of Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, it was reported to the Senate, and the amendment was concurred.

Ordered , That the bill be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, communicating such military reports as have been received from the commanders of our army in Mexico, since the transmission of his annual report: which was read.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 15) to allow further time for satisfying claims for bounty lands for military services in the late war with Great Britain, and for other purposes: and

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 29) providing for the appointment of assistant pursers in the navy: and

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

The bill (S. 26) to raise for a limited time an additional military force, was read a third time: and,

After debate, and the consideration of executive business, by unanimous consent,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, January 10, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, accompanied by a statement of the expenses of the national armories, together with an account of the arms made and repaired therein, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1847: which was read.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of the Senate, made in compliance with the 11th section of the act of the 26th of August, 1842, showing the persons employed in the office of the Secretary of the Senate during the year 1847, and the amount paid to each: which was read. 7

0098 98

The Vice President laid before the Senate a letter, signed by James A. Houston, in relation to the publication of the reported proceedings of the Senate: which was read.

Ordered , That it be referred to the select committee appointed on the subject.

Mr. Clayton presented a memorial of the representatives of the religious Society of Friends for the States of New York, Vermont, Michigan, and places adjacent, praying the adoption of peaceful measures for terminating the war with Mexico.

On motion, by Mr. Clayton, that it be printed.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Printing.

Mr. Atchison presented the petition of Charles Findlay, representative of P. Chouteau, jr., praying payment of certain moneys due him under the treaty of August 8, 1831, between the United states and the Shawnee Indians: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs:

Mr. Calhoun presented a memorial of pilots of the bar and harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, praying the repeal of the act of Marcia 2, 1837, concerning pilots: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Felch presented a petition of citizens of Washtenaw county, Michigan, praying the repeal of all laws of Congress which sanction the existence of slavery in the United States.

A motion was made, that the petition be received; and, being objected to,

Ordered , That the motion to receive the petition lie on the table.

Mr. Felch presented a petition of citizens of the county of Washtenaw, Michigan, praying the adoption of measures to prevent the acquisition of additional territory, unless on condition that slavery be prohibited therein.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Felch presented the memorial Catharine Hoffman, widow of Lieutenant Colonel William Hoffman, deceased, late of the army of the United States, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Westcott presented a memorial of the Governor, members of the Legislature, and other citizens of the State of Florida, praying that compensation may be made to Toney Proctor, a free colored man, for services as an interpreter to the Seminole Indians in 1823 and 1824: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Dayton presented the memorial of Mary Brognard, widow of John Brognard, a non-commissioned officer, attached to the allied French corps in the revolutionary war, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dayton presented the petition of Aaron Carman, praying that letters patent may issue to him for an improvement invented by him in the construction of the plough: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Breese presented the petition of John H. Kinzie and others, assignees of certain Pottowatamie Indians, praying the relinquishment 0099 99 of the reversionary interest of the United States in certain lands: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Mason submitted additional documents relating to the claim of Richard G. Dove: which, with his petition on the files of the Senate, were referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of Archibald Williams and Charles Griffen, praying compensation for supplies furnished the Florida militia in the Seminole war: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of Leroy Hammond, praying compensation for the use of his wagon and team, in the military service of the United States, during the last war with Great Britain: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of John H. Williams, praying to be allowed the bounty granted by the act of 1833, on his reenlistment in the marine corps: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Mason submitted a document relating to the claim of John H. Williams, to pay due him as a private in the marine corps: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of Abel Gregg, a sergeant in the marine corps, praying compensation for extra duty performed by him: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of John H. Williams, praying compensation for services as schoolmaster on board the United States ships Java and Delaware: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Butler presented an abstract of the report of a committee of the chamber of commerece, of Charleston, South Carolina, recommending the establishment of a branch mini at that place: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Bright presented the petition of D. C. Buell, praying compensation for a horse lost in the military service of the United States: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Bell presented the petition of Mary Connelly, widow of a deceased revolutionary soldier, praying a renewal of her pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Bradbury presented the petition of Patrick Walker, praying an increase of pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of the Philadelphia Female Anti-slavery Society, praying the adoption of some plan for the immediate peaceful dissolution of the Union.

A motion was made, that the petition be received; and, being objected to,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of John Stanert, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying arrears of pension: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Badger presented a memorial of merchants and others, and a memorial of masters of vessels and others, engaged in the navigation 0100 100 and commerce of the port of Wilmington, North Carolina; also, a memorial of pilots on the Cape Fear river, severally praying the establishment of additional lights and buoys in the Cape Fear river: which were referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered , That the petition of Michael Hanson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of William Davis, and the petition of Ebenezer Whitten, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That leave be granted to withdraw the documents, on the files of the Senate, relating to the claims of the State of New Hampshire against the United States.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That John P. Converse have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Hannegan submitted the following resolutions:

Resolved , That no treaty of peace can be made with Mexico, having a proper regard for the best interests of the United States, which does not establish as a boundary between the two nations the most suitable line for military defence.

Resolved , That in no contingency can the United States consent to the establishment of monarchical government, within the limits of Mexico, by the intervention of European power.

Resolved , That it may become necessary and proper, as it is within the constitutional capacity of this government, for the United States to hold Mexico as a territorial appendage.

The resolutions were read.

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That the consideration thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for Monday, the 24th instant; and that they be printed.

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the Committee on Public Lands be discharged from the further consideration of the bill (S. 53) for the relief of the legal representatives of Martin Fenwick; and that it be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the Committee on Pensions be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of Anna J. Hassler, and that it be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Charles M. Gibson, and from the farther consideration of the memorial of A. H. Cole, of Florida, and that they be severally referred to the Committee of Claims.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 58) for the issuing of patents in a 0101 101 certain class of cases, and for other purposes: which was read the first and Second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Douglas asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 59) to establish the territorial government of Oregon: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Territories.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported a bill (S. 60) making an additional appropriation for the dry dock at the Brooklyn navy yard: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 34) to establish a permanent general pre-emption system, in favor of actual settlers on the public lands, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Nathaniel Hoggatt, reported a bill (S. 61) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pension, reported a bill (S. 62) amending the act entitled “An act entitled ‘An act granting half-pay to widows or orphans, where their husbands and fathers have died of wounds received in the military service of the United States, in cases of deceased officers and soldiers of the militia and volunteers,’ passed July 4, 1836:” which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom were referred the documents relating to the claim of Loomis and Gay, reported a bill (S. 63) in addition to an act for the relief of Walter Loomis and Abel Gay, approved July 2, 1836: which was read, and passed to the second reading:

Mr. Baldwin also submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Underwood, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Maria L. Nourse, reported a bill (S. 64) to authorize the settlement of the account of Joseph Nourse, deceased.

Mr. Underwood also submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Underwood, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Edward Bolon, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 65) for his relief

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred 0102 102 the petition of Joseph Watson, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Felch, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred a resolution (S. R. 3) relating to errors and defective returns in certain surveys, plats, and field notes, reported the same without am amendment, and submitted a special report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the memorial of the Legislature of the State of Illinois, respecting the Saline reservations, reported a bill (S. 66) confirming former sales by the State of Illinois, of the Ohio Saline reservations, and authorizing the sale of the residue of such reservations: which was reads and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Downs, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of George S. Gaines, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom was referred the petition of William Marvin, reported a bill (S. 67) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Bright, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 68) authorizing the Secretary of War to surrender certain bonds of the State of Indiana, held by the United States, to the agent of state for said State of Indiana: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 29) providing for the appointment of assistant pursers in the navy; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate, and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bills on its third reading, (S. 26,) to raise, for a limited times an additional military force: and

After debate,

On motion by Mr. Pearce,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, January 11, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to laws exhibiting the expenditures from the contingent funds of the department, its bureaus and offices, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1847: which was read.

Mr. Bradbury presented the memorial of John O. Means, praying compensation for services as purser, on board the United States brig Dolphin, in the year 1843: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

0103 103

Mr. Mason presented the memorial of Thomas Jefferson Randolph, executor of Thomas Jefferson, formerly President of the United States, praying Congress to purchase the manuscript papers of Thomas Jefferson, of which he is sole devisee: which was referred to the Committee on the Library.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of J. C. Montague and others, citizens of Memphis, Tennessee, praying that bounty lands may be granted to the soldiers of the regular army who served in the battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Monterey: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That the petition of Shadrach Gillet and others, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Dayton submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President be requested to furnish the Senate (if in his judgment not incompatible with the public service) copies of the letter, referred to in his message, of General Scott, of 20th May, 1847, and of the letter of General Taylor, of 26th October, 1846, on the subject of “forced contributions” in Mexico, and of all other correspondence on that subject (if any) not heretofore communicated.

Mr. Baldwin submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate, for the information of the Senate, the correspondence between the commissioner from the United States and the commissioners appointed by the government of Mexico, to negotiate with him, during the suspension of hostilities, after the battles of Contreras and Churubusco; and any other information which may enable the Senate to understand, the terms, progress, and issue of that negotiation, so far as he may deem the same not incompatible with the public interests.

On motion by Mr. Badger,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of Isaac Varnes, Sr., and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Ashley asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 69) for the relief of Creed Taylor: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Ashley asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 70) to alter and amend the judicial system of the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Felch asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 71) to apply certain alternate sections of the public domain toward the completion of the Clinton and Kalamazoo canal, in the State of Michigan: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

0104 104

Mr. Mason, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the bill for the relief of Susan E. Gordon, reported it with an amendment.

Mr. Mason also submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

The said bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Cass, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 72) for an increase of the medical staff of the army for a limited time: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Rusk, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, to whom was referred the petition of Jones and Boker, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 73,) for their relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Sevier, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the bill (S. 12) authorizing persons to whom reservations of land have been made, under Indian treaties, to alienate the same in fee, reported it without amendment.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions submitted by Mr. Benton, the 3d instant, on the subject of printing the memoir of Dr. Wislizenus: and,

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That they be referred to the Committee on Printing.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Mason the 6th instant; and having been amended, on the motion of Mr. Cameron, it was agreed to, as follows:

Resolved , That the editors and publishers of the Union, a newspaper printed at Washington, and who were late printers to the Senate, be hereafter entitled to the same access to the floor of the Senate, which is now extended to others, who were former like printers.

The bill (S. 22) for the relief of Mary McRea, widow of Lieutenant Colonel William McRea, late of the United States army, deceased, was read the second time and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and,

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force: and,

After debate,

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, January 12, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of Eliza A. Mellon, widow of a deceased army officer, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee oh Pensions.

Mr. Yulee submitted additional documents relating to the claim of Isaac Varnes, senior: which were referred to the Committee of Claims.

0105 105

Mr. Yulee submitted an additional document relating to the claim of Gad Humphreys: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee presented a memorial of citizens of Florida, praying that the land office for the Alachua land district may be located at Flemington, in Marion county, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Hale presented a petition of Mary Wellington and others, praying the adoption of pacific measures for terminating the war with Mexico;

A petition of citizens of Indiana, praying the immediate withdrawal of the troops of the United States from Mexico;

A petition of citizens of Indiana, praying that all further supplies for the prosecution of the war with Mexico may be withheld by Congress;

A memorial of female inhabitants of Kennebunk, in Maine, praying the immediate withdrawal of the troops of the United States from Mexico;

A petition of female inhabitants of the counties of Carroll, Harrison, and Tuscarawas, Ohio, praying the adoption of pacific measures for terminating the war with Mexico;

A petition of female inhabitants of Leominster, Massachusetts, praying the adoption of measures for the speedy termination of the war with Mexico; and

A memorial of ministers and laymen, of the Unitarian denomination, praying the adoption of certain measures for securing an immediate and permanent peace with Mexico.

Ordered , That they be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Bradbury submitted an additional document relating to the claim of John O. Means: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That the petition of S. W. Chilson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Dickinson,

Ordered , That Joseph Roby have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Cameron,

Ordered , That Henry W. Andrews have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the Committee on the Judiciary be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of George H. Lee.

Mr. Sevier, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, to whom was referred the resolution (S. R. 4) to create a board to ascertain and determine the amount of each of the claims of the citizens of the United States against Mexico, reported it with an amendment.

Mr. Downs, from the Committee on Private Land Claims to whom was referred the petition of William Pumphrey, reported a bill (S. 0106 106 74) for the relief of the legal representatives of Jacques Moulon: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of the heirs of A. L. Duncan, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Nahum Haskell, reported a bill (S. 75) for the relief of Richard Bloss and others: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the memorial of George Petty, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom the document relating to the claim of Fernando Fellanny was referred, reported a bill (S. 76) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, also submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom the documents relating to the claim of Peter Englis, senior, were referred, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 77) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom were referred the documents relating to the claim of Elizabeth Pistole, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 78) for the relief of Elizabeth Pistole, widow of Charles Pistole, deceased.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 14) to change the times for holding the district courts of the united States for the western district of Virginia, and for other purposes, reported it with amendments.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Jesse Turner, reported a bill (S. 79) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the bill (S. 17) directing the Secretary of the Navy to purchase from Dr. James P. Espy his patent right for the conical ventilator for the use of the United States, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Jesse D. Elliott reported a bill (S. 80) for the relief of the legal representatives of Captain Jesse D. Elliott: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of the forward officers of the late exploring expedition, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 81) for their relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

0107 107

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of William M. Glendy, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the Committee on Pensions be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Mary D. Wade, and that it be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions, submitted by Mr. Dickinson, the 14th December, respecting the acquisition of new territory, and the organization of a territorial, government over the same.

And, after debate,

A motion was made, by Mr. Yulee, to amend the resolutions; and a motion was also made, by Mr. Hale, to amend the proposed amendment.

Whereupon,

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That the resolutions lie on the table, and that the proposed amendments be printed.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 49) for the relief of William B. Slaughter, late secretary of the Territory of Wisconsin: and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time:

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

And, after debate, and the consideration of executive business,

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, January 13, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, showing the contracts made under the authority of the Department of War during the year 1847: which was read.

Mr. Ashley presented a petition of citizens of Polk county, Arkansas, praying the establishment of a mail route from Mount Ida to Ultima Thule, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Douglas presented a petition of citizens of Illinois, praying a grant of public land to the State of Illinois, to aid in the construction of a railroad to connect the upper and lower Mississippi with the northern lakes: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Clayton presented the memorial of Frederick Dawson, James 0108 108 Schott, and Elisha D. Whitney, praying that the stipulations of a contract, on the part of Texas, in relation to a naval armament, may be fulfilled by the United States: which was referred to the Committee of Claims, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of George V. Mitchell, praying the reimbursement of a sum of money collected by the United States, on an erroneous settlement of his accounts as postmaster at Belleville, Pennsylvania: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, presented the petition of Henry V. Keep, praying to be allowed pay and bounty land, as a volunteer in the United States service in the war with Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Niles,

Ordered , That the petition of Nathaniel Kaykendall, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Clayton,

Ordered , That the memorial of Thomas F. Gordon, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Library.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That the petition of John McNeil, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on PensiOns.

Mr. Mangum submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to lay before the Senate all the plans, estimates, and calculations, presented by General Scott, as in his opinion being best adapted to attain the objects of the war; and his opinion touching the military means necessary to accomplish the objects of our government, in any and all the alternative views that have been considered by the Executive or suggested by General Scott, to bring the war with Mexico to a close, if not inconsistent, in the opinion of the President, with the public service.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution, which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads be instructed to inquire into the expediency or making provision by law, to prevent the losses sustained by the public in consequence of intelligence conveyed by the daily express established by individuals to and from New Orleans.

On motion by Mr. Lewis,

Ordered , That the petition of C. G. Gunter, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of George Center, and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Bradbury, from the Committee on Printing, to whom were referred the resolutions submitted by Mr. Benton, the 3d instant, 0109 109 relating to the printing of a memoir, of a tour of Dr. Wislizenus through the northern parts of Mexico, reported thereon:

The Senate, proceeded to consider the report:

Whereupon,

Resolved , That there be printed for the use of the Senate, five thousand copies of the memoir; and that there be lithographed a like number of the maps accompanying the same: also, two hundred copies for the use of Dr. Wislizenus.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed the bill from the Senate (S. 46) to authorize the issuing of a register to the bark Canton.

They have passed a bill (H. R. 14) authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to grant a register to the bark Sarah and Eliza: in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The bill (H. R. 14) last mentioned, from the House of Representatives, was read the first and second times, by unanimous consents, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate:

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

Mr. Sevier, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, to whom was referred the memorial of John Black, reported a bill (S. 82) for the relief of John Black, late consul of the United States at the city of Mexico: which was read, and passed to the second reading:

Mr. Sevier also submitted documents on the subject: which were ordered to be printed.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Road, to whom was referred the bill (S. 69) for the relief of Creed Taylor, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, to whom was referred the petition of J. F. Caldwell, reported a bill (S. 83) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Hunter asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 84) supplemental to an act passed the 9th day of July, in the year 1846, entitled “An act to retrocede the county of Alexandria, in the District of Columbia, to the State of Virginia: which was-read the first and second time, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Breese asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 85) to provide for the compensation of Samuel Leech, for services in the investigation of suspended sales in the Mineral Point district, Wisconsin: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to 0110 110 whom was referred, the bill (H. R. 18) making further provisions for surviving widows of the soldiers of the revolution, reported it without amendment.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Dayton the 11th instant, calling for copies of certain letters of General Scott and General Taylor; and the resolution was agreed to.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Baldwin the 11th instant, in relation to the correspondence between the commissioner from the United States and the commissioners appointed by the government of Mexico; and the resolution was agreed to.

Mr. Upham reported from the Committee, that they had examined, and found duly enrolled, the bill (S. 46) to authorize the issuing of a register to the bark Canton.

The bill (S. 54) exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa, from the provisions of the acts of the 22d February and 2d March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That the bill be engrossed and read a third time.

The bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate proceeded to consider as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 11) for the relief of John M. Moore: and,

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

On motion by Mr. Cameron,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The Speaker of the House of Representatives having signed an enrolled bill, I am directed to bring it to the Senate for the signature of their President.

The Vice President signed the enrolled bill (S. 46) this day reported to have been examined, and it was delivered to the committee to be presented to the President of the United States.

On motion by Mr. Westcott to reconsider the vote of this day, on the motion that when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday, next,

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas, 22

Nays, 21

On Motion by Mr. Turney,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Cass, Davis, 0111 111 of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hunter, Lewis, Mason, Niles, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Cameron, Clarke, Corwin, Dayton, Greene, Hannegan, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Rusk, Spruance, Underwood, Upham.

On motion by Mr. Cass that the Senate adjourn,

It was determined in the negative,

Yeas 21

Nays 22

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Ashley, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hunter, Lewis, Mason, Niles, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Cameron, Clarke, Corwin, Dayton, Green, Hannegan, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Rusk, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Westcott.

The question recurring on the motion that when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday next,

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas 22

Nays 21

On motion by Mr. Douglas,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Cameron, Clarke, Corwin, Dayton, Greene, Hannegan, Johnson, of Mayland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Rusk, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Westcott.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hunter, Lewis, Mason, Niles, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Yulee.

So it was

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Badger,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, January 17, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Bradbury presented the credentials of the honorable Wyman B. S. Moor, appointed a Senator by the Governor of the State of Maine, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of the honorable John Fairfield: which were read, and the oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Moor, and he took his seat in the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the commissioner of the public buildings, made agreeably to law, showing the manner in which the appropriations for the public buildings and grounds have been applied: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the petition of Susan Decatur, widow of the late Commodore Stephen Decatur, praying the renewal of her pension: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Felch presented the memorial of Asa Whitney, praying a grant of public land, for the purpose of constructing a railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific Ocean: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Felch presented the memorial of A. Edwards, register of the land office at Kalamazoo, Michigan, praying the repayment of money advanced by him for extra clerk hire in his office: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Felch presented the petition of Charles Richmond, praying compensation for services as marshal of the United States, during the disturbances in the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, in the years 1839 and 1840: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of A. W. and J. H. Foster, editors and proprietors of a newspaper published in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, praying that the lists of letters remaining uncalled for in the post office in that city may be directed to be published in their newspaper: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Cameron presented the memorial of the board of officers of the Provident Association of Clerks in the city of Washington, praying certain amendments to their charter: which was referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia.

Mr. Cameron presented a memorial of the Caln quarterly meeting of the religious society of Friends, praying the abolition of slavery in the United States, and the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and between the several States; a memorial of the Association of Friends for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and Improving the Condition of the Free People of Color, praying the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and territories of the United States, and the slave trade between the States, the prohibition of slavery in any territory where it does not already exist, and the repeal of all laws providing for the arrest of fugitive slaves; and six petitions of inhabitants of Pennsylvania, praying the adoption of measures for abolishing slavery throughout the Union.

0113 113

The motion to receive the memorials and petitions being objected to,

Ordered , That the motion lie on the table.

Mr. Hannegan presented the memorial of Robert Piatt, heir of Daniel Piatt, deceased, an officer in the revolutionary army, praying payment of an undrawn balance standing to the credit of said Daniel Piatt, for commutation pay: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

Mr. Hannegan presented the memorial of Robert Piatt, praying a final settlement of his accounts as a deputy commissary of purchases during the last war with great Britain: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Ashley presented the petition of James Wilkins, praying compensation for a number of cattle taken by a party of emigrating Seminole Indians: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Turney presented resolutions passed by the Legislature of Tennessee, approving the plan proposed by Asa Whitney for constructing a railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific ocean, and in favor of a grant of public land for that object: which were referred to the Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Corwin presented a petition of A. G. Melvin and others, citizens of the United States, praying that the public domain may be given, in suitable quantities, to actual settlers without price: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Corwin presented a petition of citizens of Ohio, praying the adoption of measures for the establishment of peace between the United States and Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Corwin presented a petition of citizens of Ohio, praying the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and the slave trade between the States.

The motion to receive the petition being objected to,

Ordered , That the motion lie on the table.

Mr. Breese presented a memorial of citizens of Illinois, praying that the right of pre-emption may be granted to the Illinois Central Railroad Company to the lands over which it is proposed to construct their road: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, presented the petition of Robert M. Martin, a volunteer in the war with Mexico, praying to be allowed bounty land which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Underwood presented the petition of Mary M. Telfair, heir of Israel Pearce, praying the payment of certain final settlement certificates: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims,

On motion by Mr. Sturgeon,

Ordered , That the petition of Titian R. Peale, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Berrien, 8

0114 114

Ordered , That the petition of Moses E. Levy, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion by Mr. Hunter,

Ordered , That the administrator of Isaac Garretson have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

Ordered , That the widow of Samuel Gibbs have leave to withdraw her petition and papers.

Mr. Cass submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Department of War furnish the Senates with the report and map of the examination of New Mexico, made by Lieutenant J. W. Abert, corps of topographical engineers, while attached to the command of General Kearney.

Mr. Cameron submitted the following resolution; which was read, and ordered to be printed:

Whereas a defalcation is reported to have occurred in the United States mint, at Philadelphia, which by law is made the depository of the public money,

Resolved, therefore , That the Senate will appoint a committee from its body to examine the books, vouchers, and money in the mint, with authority to command the attendance, and examine them upon oath, of all the persons employed by the government there.

Mr. Berrien submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads be instructed to inquire whether any, and what legislation, is necessary to secure the more regular and speedy transmission of the great northern and southern mail, and that they have leave to report by bill, resolution, or otherwise.

Mr. Dayton submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Solicitor of the Treasury be directed to communicate to the Senate copies of the articles of submission, the award, the opinion of the arbitrator, and the proceedings and the minutes in his possession, connected therewith, in the matter of the Pea Patch island, before the honorable John Sergeant, sole arbitrator appointed by the parties in interest to decide upon the title to said island.

On motion by Mr. Miller,

Ordered , That George Townley have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Mangum, from the select committee to whom was referred a rotation authorizing the Vice President to cause desks to be provided for the reporter of the Senate on the floor, submitted a report; which was read.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report; and, in concurrence therewith,

Ordered , That the Secretary of the Senate have two moveable desks provided, as soon as may be, in the angles of the Senate chamber, at the ends of the chord, to accommodate, each, one reporter.

0115 115

Mr. Mangum submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That a select Committee of five be appointed by the Vice President, to inquire into the expediency of removing the reporters from the marble gallery to more suitable places, to be provided for them at the end of the circular gallery, and of preparing the marble gallery for the use of the ladies.

Whereupon,

Mr. Mangum, Mr. Sevier, Mr. Berrien, Mr. Breese, and Mr. Allen were appointed the Committee.

Mr. Breese submitted a report made by J. D. Whitney to Charles T. Jackson, geological surveyor of the United States mineral lands of the northern peninsula of Michigan.

Ordered , That it be printed, and be appended to the report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, to whom was referred the petition of Nathaniel Kuykendall, reported a bill (S. 86) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 85) to provide for the compensation of Samuel Leech, for services in the investigation of suspended sales in the Mineral Point district, Wisconsin, reported it without amendment.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That a document accompanying the said bill be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of Abigail Garland, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill, (S. 87,) granting a pension to Abigail Garland, widow of Jacob Garland, deceased.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Thomas Brownell, reported a bill (S. 88) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Bradbury, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Amos Holton, submitted an adverse report.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report; and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the evidence presented by Amos Holton is insufficient to justify the allowance of his claim, and that the committee be discharged from the further consideration of the subject.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they, presented to the President of the United States, the 14th instant, the bill (S. 46) to authorize the issuing of a register to the barque Canton.

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his Secretary:

Mr. President: The President of the United States approved and signed, the 14th instant, the bill (S. 46) to authorize the issuing of a register to the bark Canton.

Ordered: That the Secretary notify the House of representatives thereof.

0116 116

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

A motion was made, by Mr. Butler, to recommit the bill, with instructions to amend the same by striking out all after the enacting clause and inserting—

“ That the regular army shall be increased as follows, to wit: To each company of artillery, infantry, and regiment of riflemen, there shall be added privates; and to each company of the regiments aforesaid, as many subalterns as will provide two first lieutenants and two second lieutenants, respectively: Provided, That the said troops shall be required to serve during the war with Mexico, but may be sooner discharged by order of the President .”

And, after debate, and the consideration of executive business, by unanimous consent,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, January 18, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Niles presented the petition of William B. Stokes, surviving partner of John N. C. Stockton and Company, praying compensation for services in carrying the mail: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Dix presented a petition of settlers and occupants of lands in the Tonawanda reservation, praying to be confirmed in their titles: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of Edward Mills, praying to be restored to the rights and benefits of a contract entered into with the Postmaster General for conveying the mail between the ports of New York and Bremen, which contract has been transferred to the Ocean Steam Navigation Company without his assent: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Yulee presented a memorial of professors of mathematics in the navy, praying an increase of pay: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Hannegan presented the petition of David Wilkinson; praying compensation for the benefits which the government has derived from his inventions, for which he has received no pecuniary return: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Yulee submitted the following resolutions for consideration:

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to communicate to the Senate the following statements:

1. A statement of the amount of all revenues received through each custom-house, and the moneys expended at each to defray the expenses of collection, from the earliest practicable period, to June 30, 1847, classifying the receipts and expenditures under different heads, so far as the books of the department will permit.

2. A statement of the quantity of land sold, the amount received therefor, how paid, and the expenses of collection in each land district, from the earliest practicable period, to the 30th June, 1847, dividing the expenditures under the usual different heads.

3. A statement of the whole amount of revenue received into the 0117 117 treasury each year, from the earliest practicable date, to June 30, 1847, giving the source from whence the same was derived.

4. A statement of the expenditures of the government, from the earliest practicable time, to June 30, 1847, separating the same under different heads, of expenditure, as far as can be done from the records.

5. A statement of the importations and exportations of domestic and foreign goods in American and foreign vessels to and from each country, from the earliest period practicable, to June 30, 1847.

6. A statement of the tonnage of each district and State, and of the classes of vessels, from the earliest period practicable, to June 30, 1847.

7. A statement of the American tonnage engaged in foreign trade, and in the coasting trade and fisheries, and seamen employed, and of foreign tonnage entered and cleared, and the number of their crews, from each port and State, from the earliest period practicable, to June 30, 1847.

8. A statement of the amount of moneys received on account of the marine hospital fund in each district and State, and the expenditures of the same places from the same fund, and from appropriations each year, from the earliest period practicable, to the 30th June, 1847.

Be it further resolved , That the Secretary of the Senate cause the said statements to be printed and bound in separate volumes, under the direction of the Register of the Treasury; and that five hundred extra copies be printed for the use of the Treasury Department; and that — extra copies be printed and bound, and placed in the Library of Congress, for the use of the members of both Houses and the committees thereof.

The resolutions were read; and,

Ordered , That they be referred to the Committee on Finance, and printed.

Mr. Bagby submitted the following resolutions for consideration:

Resolved , That the Constitution of the United States is a compact between co-equal sovereigns, by which they, and each of them, delegated certain specified powers to form a general government for the common benefit of all the parties to said compact, and such as might become parties to it.

Resolved , That the powers not thus delegated by the parties to said compact to the General Government, nor any department thereof, remain with the States respectively, or with the people.

Resolved , That the government of the United States possesses no powers except such as are expressly granted to it by the Constitution, or such as are necessary and proper to carry the granted powers into effect.

Resolved , That the power to construct roads, cut canals, make harbors, or improve the navigation of rivers in any one or more of the States or Territories of this Union, is not among the powers necessarily granted to the General Government by the Constitution, nor is the exercise of such a power necessary and proper to carry any of the granted powers into effect.

0118 118

Resolved , That the power to build piers and docks, erect buoys and light-houses, and improve the harbors on the lakes, if it exists at all, is not derived from the power to regulate commerce, but from the power to provide and maintain a navy.

Resolved , That the government of the United States does not possess the power to create, originate, ordain, establish, or carry on commerce between or among the States of the Union, but only to regulate such commerce as the States or the people thereof may create, originate, ordain, establish, and carry on between or among themselves.

Resolved , That any attempt by the General Government, under any pretext whatsover, to construct roads, cut canals, or improve the navigation of any river within the limits of any one or more of the States of the Union, or within any Territory, is a palpable violation of the Constitution; and if it be within the limits of a State or States is a direct and dangerous encroachment on the rights and sovereignty thereof.

The resolutions were read.

Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Baldwin submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate to the Senate any information he may possess in regard to the extent and value of the public domain (if any) belonging to the republic of Mexico; and, also, in regard to the power of that republic, under the fundamental laws thereof, to cede to any foreign government, whether monarchical or republican, the sovereignty and dominion over any of the members of that confederacy or the people thereof.

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

Ordered , That Pamela Allen, widow, of Samuel Allen, have leave to withdraw her petition and papers.

Mr. Webster, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 89) to make attachments, which are made under process issuing from the courts of the United States, conform to the laws regulating such attachments in the courts of the States.

Mr. Webster also submitted a document relating thereto.

The said bill was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

Mr. Cameron, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to whom was referred a memorial of the Provident Association of Clerks, reported a bill (S. 90) amendatory of an act entitled “An act amendatory of the act entitled ‘An act to incorporate the Provident Association of Clerks in the civil department of the government 0119 119 of the United States, in the District of Columbia,’” approved 3d March, 1825: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of Elizabeth Jones, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 91) for the relief of Elizabeth Jones and the other children (if any) of John Carr.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the memorial of Thompson Hutchinson, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 92) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Hugh Munro McLean, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

Ordered , That the Committee of Claims be discharged from the consideration of the memorial of John Stanert; and that it be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Mangum the 13th instant; and the resolution having been modified, on the motion of Mr. Mangum, as follows:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to lay before the Senate, confidentially or otherwise, all the plans, estimates, and calculations, presented by General Scott, as, in his opinion, best adapted to attain the objects of the war; and his opinions touching the military means necessary to accomplish the objects of our government in any and all alternative views that have been considered by the Executive, or suggested by General Scott, to bring the war with Mexico to a close.

A motion was made, by Mr. Sevier, that the resolution lie on the table; and

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas 23

Nays 19

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Bright, Butler, Cameron, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Hannegan, Hunter, Lewis, Moor, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Calhoun, Clarke, Dayton, Greene, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Niles, Pearce, Phelps, Rusk, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Webster.

So it was

Ordered , That the resolution lie on the table.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Cass the 17th instant, respecting a report and map by Lieutenenant J. W. Abert; and the resolution was agreed to.

0120 120

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee on Finance on the memorial of Henry Simpson, administrator of George Simpson, deceased; and,

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The following bills were severally read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 40. A bill for the relief of Milledge Galphin, executor of the last will and testament of George Galphin, deceased;

S. 45. A bill for the relief of Thomas Talbot and others; and,

No amendment having been made, they were reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That they be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bills were read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That they pass, and that their respective titles be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Foote,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, January 19, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, accompanied by a communication from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, respecting any losses sustained by the Seneca Indians, of New York, through a late sub-agent of the United States: which was read.

Mr. Mangum presented the petition of Ann Kelly, widow of Darnel Kelly, deceased, a gunner in the naval service, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Sturgeon presented a memorial of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, praying the adoption of measures to prevent the importation of spurious drugs, medicines, and chemicals into the ports of the United States: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Bagby submitted an additional document relating to the petition of Hugh Wallace Wormley: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented the petition of William Darby, praying remuneration for time he has employed and money he has expended in the survey of the Sabine river.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That it be referred to a select committee, consisting five members, to be appointed by the Vice President; and

Mr. Corwin, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, Mr. Rusk, Mr. Foote, and Mr. Cass, were appointed the committee.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

0121 121

Ordered , That the documents, on the files of the Senate, relating to the claim of John Ellis to a pension, be referred to the committee on Pensions.

Mr. Ashley submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the Committee on Printing be instructed to inquire into, and report to the Senate, the manner in which the printing of the Senate has been executed; whether it has been done in conformity with the terms of the contracts, either as to the quality and size of the paper furnished, or the manner in which the printing has been done. Also, that they inquire and report whether the documents printed and distributed by the printers to Congress are correctly printed from the originals sent to their offices.

Mr. Mangum submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to inform the Senate whether the general orders (No. 376) issued by General Scott at head-quarters, Mexico, bearing date 15th December last, were issued under instructions from the Secretary of War, and if so, to lay said instructions before the Senate; and, also, any opinion of General Scott in regard to the necessary military means to carry said instructions into effect, which may be on file.

On motion by Mr. Downs,

Ordered , That the memorial of John Hagan, E. Lackett, and Shermon Johnson, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the vote of the 17th instant, concurring in the report of the Committee of Claims on the petition of Amos Holton, be reconsidered; and,

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of Amos Holton be recommitted to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Felch,

Ordered , That the report of the acting Secretary of the Treasury, made the 29th December, 1847, respecting the military reservations and private land claims at Sault Ste. Marie, be referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Bagby,

Ordered , That the report of the Postmaster General, made the 6th instant, in relation to the claim of Jamison and Williamson, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Gad Humphreys; and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion, by Mr. Ashley, that the Committee on the Judiciary be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Leslie Combs; and that the petition be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

The question was put on discharging the Committee on the Judiciary; and

It was determined in the negative.

0122 122

The Vice President laid before the Senate a communication from the acting Secretary of the Treasury, correcting a clerical error in the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the state of the finances: which was read.

On motion by Mr. Atherton,

Ordered , That it be printed with the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the finances.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Rusk asked and obtained leave to bring in bill (S. 93) to establish an additional district court of the United States in the State of Texas: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 36) changing the time for holding the terms of the circuit court of the United States in the district of Maine, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, reported a resolution (S. R. 6) in relation to the rendition of judgments against the United States in certain cases: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of John Searing, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the memorial of Thomas Douglass, reported a bill (S. 94)for the relief of Thomas Douglas, late United States attorney for East Florida: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, accompanied by a statement of the persons employed in the Indian department during the year 1847: which was read.

Mr. Bradbury was, on his motion, excused from serving on the several Committees on Printing.

Mr. Cameron was, on his motion, excused from serving on the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Dickinson was, on his motion, excused from serving on the Committee one Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Yulee was, on his motion, excused from serving on the Committee on Private Land Claims.

On motion,

Ordered , That the vacancies in the several committees be supplied by the appointment of the Vice President.

The Vice President requested the sense of the Senate, whether, in appointing a member of a committee, in the place of a chairman resigned, he was to understand it to be the appointment of a chairman, or of a member to fill up the number of the committee; and

It was determined, that the filling of vacancies, the Vice President, should be only filling the vacancies in the number of the committee.

The Vice President appointed Mr. Downs to fill the vacancy in the Committee on Commerce; Mr. Lewis in the Committee on Patents 0123 123 and the Patent Office; Mr. Moor in the Committee on Private Land Claims; and Mr. Ashley in the several Committees on Printing.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, January 20, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of the Navy, made agreeably to law, accompanied by a list of the names of persons who have applied for relief under the navy pension laws, whose claims have been rejected, and the reasons for rejecting the same: which was read.

Mr. Atchison presented the petition of David H. Leeper, praying the confirmation of his title to a New Madrid location: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Sturgeon presented a petition of citizens of Greene county, Pennsylvania, praying the establishment of a mail route from Greensborough to Taylor's store, in said county: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Hannegan presented the petition of Robert Piatt, praying compensation for his services as deputy commissary of purchases in the last war with Great Britain: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Hannegan presented the memorial of Robert Piatt, heir and legal representative of Daniel Piatt, late an officer in the revolutionary army, praying to be allowed an undrawn balance of his seven years' half pay: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

Mr. Breese presented the memorial of the heirs of Robert Morrison, deceased, praying the confirmation of their title to a tract of land: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Breese presented the memorial of the heirs of Josiah Bleakley, deceased, praying the confirmation of their title to a tract of land: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Pearce presented the memorial of James C. Wilson, a clerk in the War Department, praying an increase of compensation: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Douglas presented the petition of G. Edmunds, junior, for himself and in behalf of the Des Moines Rapids Improvement Company, praying the assent of Congress to the making of a canal around the Des Moines rapids, in the Mississippi river: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Upham,

Ordered , That the petition of John McCloud, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Dickinson,

Ordered , That the petition of Elijah Buchanan, and the petition 0124 124 of Hector St. John Beetley, on the files of the Senate, be severally referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Corwin,

Ordered , That the petition of George Wingard, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Hannegan submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That a select committee be appointed to inquire whether it may be necessary to adopt any measures for the future construction and preservation of the monuments to the memory of deceased members of the Senate; and, also, under what circumstances monuments have been so erected and may hereafter be erected.

The resolution was read; and,

Ordered , That it be printed.

Mr. Berrien submitted the following resolution:

Resolved , That the president of the United States be requested to furnish to the Senate copies of the letters, reports, or other communications, which are referred to in the letter of General Zachary Taylor, dated at New Orleans, 20th July, 1845, and addressed to the Secretary of War, and which are so referred to as containing the views of General Taylor, previously communicated in regard to the line proper to be occupied at that time by the troops of the United States; and any similar communication from any officer of the army on the same subject, unless he be of opinion that a communication of the same be inconsistent with the public interests.

The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the resolution; and,

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Dickinson submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That Jesse E. Dow be admitted to a seat in the reporters' gallery, from which he was excluded by an order of the Senate of 16th March, 1846.

On motion, by Mr. Westcott, that when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday next,

It was determined in the negative,

Yeas 19

Nays 23

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Calhoun, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Dayton, Greene, Johnson, of Maryland, Mangum, Miller, Pearce, Phelps, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Westcott.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bradbury, Breese, Butler, Cameron, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hannegan, Hunter, Lewis, Mason, Moor, Niles, Sturgeon, Turney.

So the motion was not agreed to.

Mr. Douglas, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to 0125 125 bring in a bill (S. 95) granting to the State of Illinois the right of way and a donation of public land for making a railroad, connecting the upper and lower Mississippi with the chain of northern lakes at Chicago: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Atherton, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 96) supplemental to an act entitled “An act to provide for the better organization of the treasury, and for the collection, safekeeping, transfer, and disbursement of the public revenue:” which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Finance.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Eugene Van Ness and John M. Brush, executors of Nehemiah Brush; and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Downs, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of Samuel W. Bell, a native of the Cherokee nation, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 97) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of David Whelply, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (S. 98) to increase the efficiency of the army, by a retired list for disabled officers: which was read: and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, reported a bill (S. 99) supplementary to an act entitled “An act to provide for the transportation of the mail between the United States and foreign countries, and for other purposes:” which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by it Mr. Mangum the 18th instant, in relation to the instructions under which the general orders issued by General Scott, bearing date the 15th December last, were issued; and, having been modified, the resolution was agreed to, as follows:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to inform the Senate whether general orders No. 376, issued by General Scott at head-quarters, Mexico, bearing date 15th December last, were issued under instructions from the Secretary of War; and, if so, to lay the said instructions before the Senate; and, also, any opinion of General Scott in regard to the necessary military means to carry said instructions into effect, which may be on file, if in his opinion the same may be communicated consistently with the public interests.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Clarke,

The Senate adjourned.

FRIDAY, January 21, 1848. Link to Annals.

On motion by Mr. Badger,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn it be to Monday next.

A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed the following bills of the Senate:

S. 5. An act concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes.

S. 38. An act to provide clothing for volunteers in the service of the United States.

The House of Representatives have passed a bill (H. R. 91) entitled “An act to amend an act entitled ‘An act to reorganize the General Land Office,’” approved July, 4, 1836: in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

I am directed to notify the Senate of the death of the honorable John W. Hornbeck, late a member of the House of Representatives from the State of Pennsylvania, and the proceedings of the House thereon.

Mr. Cameron submitted the following resolutions; which were considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Senate has received with deep sensibility the message from the House of Representatives announcing the death of the honorable John W. Hornbeck, a Representative from the State of Pennsylvania.

Resolved , That the members of the Senate, from a sincere desire of showing every mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.

Resolved , That, as a further testimony of respect for the memory of the deceased, the Senate do now adjourn.

Whereupon,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, January 24, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Rusk presented the credentials of the honorable Sam Houston, elected a Senator by the Legislature of the State of Texas, for the term of six years, commencing the 4th day of March, 1847: which were read; and

The oath prescribed by law was administered to Mr. Houston, and he took his seat in the Senate.

Mr. Webster presented a petition of importing merchants of the city of Boston, praying a modification of the 8th section of the tariff act of July 30, 1846, relating to the assessment of duties on invoices: which was referred to the Committee on Finance, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Webster presented a petition of citizens of Bedford county, Pennsylvania, praying a reduction of the rates of postage on newspapers: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Webster presented a memorial of ministers and laymen of 0127 127 the Unitarian denomination of Christians, praying the adoption of pacific measure for securing an immediate and permanent, peace with the republic of Mexico.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Webster presented, a petition of citizens of Billerica, Massachusetts, praying the adoption of measures for terminating the war with Mexico.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Berrien presented a memorial of J. J. Flournoy, praying the adoption of measures for establishing a tribunal for the peaceable adjustment of international disputes: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Lewis presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Alabama, praying the establishment of a national armory near the city of Tuscaloosa: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Bagby presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Alabama, praying the graduation and reduction of the price of the public lands in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Dickinson submitted additional documents relating to the claim of the heirs of Jethro Wood: which were referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of citizens of Nunda, New York, praying a reduction of the rates of postage, and a discontinuance of the franking privilege: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Bradbury presented the petition of Amos Doughty, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Ashley presented the petition of Reynolds May, praying to be released from a judgment rendered against him at the suit of the United States: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the petition of Alexander Murdock, treasurer of the First Presbyterian Church of Baltimore, praying the return of duties levied on certain articles imported for the use of that church: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

On motion by Mr. Bell,

Ordered , That Susan Coody and others, Cherokee Indians, have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

Mr. Cameron submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the Committee on Printing be authorized to employ a clerk, to whom the usual per diem compensation shall be paid, out of the contingent fund of the Senate.

Mr. Hunter submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate to the Senate, if not inconsistent with the public 0128 128 interest, the correspondence of Mr. Wise, late minister, &c., at the court of Brazil, with the Department of State of the United States, and with the minister and secretary, of state for foreign affairs of Brazil, with the accompanying papers, as embraced, in his despatches, from number 53 to number 64, inclusive, and in his despatch, from off the capes of Virginia, dated October the 9th, 1847, and in his letter to the Secretary of State, dated at Washington, November 3d, and 1847; and the despatches of Mr. Buchanan, Secretary of State, to Mr. Wise, number 30, dated the 2d February, 1847, and number 33, dated 29th March, 1847; all relating to the imprisonment, of Alonzo B. Davis, a lieutenant of the United States Navy, and three seamen of the United States, by the police authority of the city of Rio de Janeiro, on the 31st of October, 1846.

Mr. Westcott submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to inquire into the propriety of increasing the salary of the United States district judge for South Florida.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the petition of the heirs of Nicholas Barra, on the files of the Senate be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Westcott submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Commissioner of Patents be directed to report to the Senate such information as he may have in his possession, or may obtain, that he deems important, with reference to further legislation, by Congress, for the prevention of the explosion of steam boilers, used in boats, or for engines on railroads; and whether any amendments to the patent laws are advisable, to effect such object.

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That in printing the documents communicated by the Secretary of War, on the 15th of December last, in answer to the resolution of the Senate, of the 9th December, all papers not connected with, or appended to, the report of Lieutenant Emory, transmitted to the Senate, and with the report of Lieutenant Colonel Cooke to Colonel J. J. Abert, Chief of the Topographical Bureau, dated December 6, 1847, be excluded.

Mr. Atchison, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Jonathan Lewis, submitted a report, accompanied by a joint resolution (S. R. 7) for his relief.

The resolution was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Hunter, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to whom was referred the bill (S. 84) supplemental to an act passed the 9th day of July, in the year 1846, entitled “An act to retrocede the county of Alexandria, in the District of Columbia, to the State of Virginia,” reported it without amendment.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the bill (S. 43) for the relief of Jeanette C. Huntington, widow 0129 129 and sole executrix of William D. Cheever, deceased, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, who were instructed to inquire into the subject, reported a bill (S. 100) to require the holders of military land warrants to compensate the land officers of the United States for services in relation to the location of those warrants.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 95) granting to the State of Illinois the right of way, and a donation of public land, for making a railroad connecting the upper and lower Mississippi with the chain of northern lakes, at Chicago, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report on the subject: which was ordered to be printed, with the accompanying documents.

Mr. Dayton, from the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office, to whom was referred the petition of Oliver C. Harris, reported a bill (S. 101) for his relief: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Upham, from the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, to whom was referred the petition of the heirs of Gustavus B. Horner, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Felch, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the petition of John Millikin and others, submitted a report accompanied by a bill (S. 102) for the relief of John Millikin and others, to secure certain rights to pre-emption, in the State of Louisiana, and for other purposes.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Don Carlos Buell, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Badger, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of J. S. K. Reeves, reported a bill (S. 103) placing the officer who performs the duty of adjutant at the military academy on an equality, as to pay and allowances, with adjutants of the regiments: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The following message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his Secretary:

To the Senate of the United States:

In compliance with the request of the Senate, in their resolution of the 13th instant, I herewith communicate a report from the Secretary of War, with the accompanying correspondence, containing the information called for, in relation to forced contributions in Mexico.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , January 24, 1848. 9

0130 130

The message was read.

Ordered , That it lie on the table and be printed.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a bill (H. R. 3) for the relief of Phineas Capen, legal administrator of John Cox, deceased, of Boston, in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The Speaker of the House of Representatives having signed an enrolled bill, I am directed to bring it to the Senate, for the signature of their President.

The Vice President signed the enrolled bill (H. R. 14) entitled “An act authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to grant a register to the barque Sarah and Eliza.”

The bill from the House of Representatives, (H. R. 91,) entitled “An act to reorganize the General Land Office, approved July 4, 1836,” was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Baldwin, the 18th instant, relating to the extent and value of the public domain, if any, belonging to the republic of Mexico, and the constitutional power of that republic to cede to a foreign government any portion thereof:

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

That it lie on the table,

It was determined in the affirmative,

Yeas 28

Nays 22

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative, are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bagby, Bradbury, Breese, Bright, Cameron, Cass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dickinson, Dix, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Foote, Hannegan, Houston, Hunter, Lewis, Mason, Moore, Sevier, Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott, Yulee.

Those who voted in the negative are,

Messrs. Badger, Baldwin, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Clarke, Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Dayton, Greene, Johnson, of Maryland, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Miller, Niles, Pearce, Phelps, Spruance, Underwood, Upham, Webster.

So it was

Ordered , That the resolution lie on the table.

Mr. Upham reported, from the Committee, that they had presented to the President of the United States, this day, the enrolled 0131 131 bill (H. R. 14) “authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to grant a register to the barque Sarah and Eliza;” and

That they had examined, and found duly enrolled, the following acts:

S. 5. An act concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes;

S. 38. An act to provide clothing for volunteers in the service of the United States.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions submitted by Mr. Hannegan, the 10th instant, respecting the boundary to be established between the United States and Mexico, and the future political condition of Mexico: and,

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Monday, the 14th of February next.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Berrien, the 20th instant; and, having been amended, it was agreed to, as follows:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to furnish to the Senate copies of the letters, reports, or other communications, which are referred to in the letters of General Zachary Taylor, dated at New Orleans, 20th July, 1845, and addressed to the Secretary of War; and which are so referred to as containing the views of General Taylor, previously communicated, in regard to the line proper to be occupied at that time by the troops of the United States; and any similar communication, from any officer of the army, on the same subject, unless he be of opinion that the communication of the same be inconsistent with the public interests.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the joint resolution (S. 2) authorizing the erection, on the public grounds, in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said resolution was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force: and,

On motion,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed until to-morrow.

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, January 25, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Dickinson presented the memorial of S. J. Bowen, praying compensation for his services as a clerk in the office of the Second Auditor of the Treasury: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of citizens of Wayne county, New York, praying the adoption of measures to promote the growth of the potato in the United States: which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture.

Mr. Atherton presented two petitions of citizens of Charlestown, Massachusetts, praying a repeal of the act of February 26, 1845, extending a patent heretofore granted to William Woodworth: which were referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Dix presented resolutions passed by the Legislature of the State of New York, in favor of restricting the franking privilege of members of Congress, and a modification of the rates of postage on newspapers: which were referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Yulee presented a petition of citizens of Florida, praying that the land office at Newmansville may not be removed from that place: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Felch presented the petition of Peter Godfroy, praying permission to locate a section of land claimed by him as a reserve under an Indian treaty: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Felch presented the petition of Peter W. Naggs, praying permission to locate a section of land reserved to him under an Indian treaty: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Westcott presented the memorial of A. A. Frazier and Alvin Baker, owners of the brig Douglass, praying indemnity for losses sustained in consequence of the illegal seizure and detention of their vessel by the British government: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That the memorial of Oscar F. Pittman, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Breese submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads be instructed to inquire into the expediency of establishing a post route from Cairo City by Thebes, in Illinois, to Cape Girardeau, Missouri.

Mr. Bagby submitted the following resolutions for consideration:

Resolved , That Congress has no constitutional power to abolish or to prohibit slavery in any State or Territory in this Union.

Resolved , That conquest is a legitimate means of acquiring territory, 0133 133 and so recognized by the laws and the universal practice of civilized nations.

Resolved , That if territory is hereafter acquired by the United States, either by treaty or conquest, it shall not be competent for the treaty making power or Congress to exclude slavery from such territory, either by treaty stipulation or by act of Congress; but such territory shall be equally free and open to the citizens of all the United States, without any limitation, prohibition, or restriction in regard to slaves, or any other description of property whatsoever.

The resolutions were read.

Ordered , That they be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Public Lands be instructed to inquire into the expediency of granting to the State of Louisiana, for purposes of internal improvement, a quantity of land equal to that granted to the State of Indiana for the same purposes.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Ashley asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 104) to amend the act entitled “An act extending the jurisdiction of the district courts to certain cases upon the lakes and navigable waters connecting the same, approved the 26th of February, 1845:” which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the Committee of Claims be discharged from the further consideration of the petition of Frederick Dawson, and that it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of Mary Morris Foot, and that it be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, showing the names and compensations of the clerks and other persons employed in that department during the year 1847: which was read.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, from the Committee on Military Affairs, who were instructed to inquire into the subject, reported a bill (S. 105) to provide additional quarters, near to New Orleans, for United States soldiers and volunteers returned from, or going to, the seat of war in Mexico: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

Mr. Felch, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the memorial of Henry Washington, submitted a report, 0134 134 accompanied by a bill (S. 106) to provide for the settlement of the claim of Henry Washington, late a deputy surveyor of the public lands in Florida.

The bills was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Mason, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of George Center, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 107) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Cameron, on the 17th instant, respecting a defalcation in the mint at Philadelphia: and

On motion by Mr. Cameron,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Tuesday, the 15th of February next.

The bill, from the House of Representatives, (H. R. 3,) for the relief of Phineas Caper, legal administrator of John Cox, deceased, of Boston, was read the first and second times, by unanimous consents, and referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they had examined, and found duly enrolled, the bill (H. R. 91) to amend anact entitled “An act to reorganize the General Land Office, approved July 4, 1846.”

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The Speaker of the House of Representatives having signed three enrolled bills, (H. R. 91, S. 5, S. 38,) I am directed to bring them to the Senate, for the signature of their President.

The Vice President signed the three enrolled bills (H. R. 91, S. 5, S. 38,) last reported to have been examined, and they were delivered to the committee, to be presented to the President of the United States.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they had this day presented to the President of the United States the three enrolled bills (H. R. 91, S. 5, S. 38,) last reported to have been examined.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force: and

After debate, and the consideration of executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, January 26, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of citizens of New York, praying the establishment of a port of entry at Rousers Point, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Hunter presented the memorial of the president of William and Mary College, in the State of Virginia, praying compensation for the use of and damage to the college building by the French 0135 135 troops during the revolutionary war: which was referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims.

On motion by Mr. Phelps,

Ordered , That the petition of Ambrose R. Davenport, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Pearce,

Ordered , That the petition of David N. Smith, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Phelps submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the joint Committee on Printing be directed to inquire into the causes which have prevented the printing of the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury, with the annexed tables, and why the same have not been furnished to the members of the Senate.

Mr. Turney, from the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office, to whom was referred the petition of the executrix and executors of Jethro Wood, reported a bill (S. 108) to further extend the patent of Jethro Wood: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said bill was read the second time, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion, by Mr. Allen, to strike out the enacting clause,

It was determined in the negative,

Yeas 16

Nays 26

On motion by Mr. Allen,

The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present,

Those who voted in the affirmative are,

Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Bagby, Baldwin, Benton, Breese, Bright, Cass, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Hannegan, Niles, Spruance, Sturgeon.

Those who voted in the negative, are,

Messrs. Atherton, Badger, Bell, Berrien, Butler, Calhoun, Cameron, Clarke, Corwin, Davis, of Mississippi, Dayton, Dix, Foote, Greene, Houston, Johnson, of Louisiana, Mangum, Mason, Miller, Moor, Pearce, Phelps, Rusk, Turney, Underwood, Westcott.

A further amendment having been proposed,

On motion by Mr. Allen,

Ordered , That the further consideration of the bill be postponed until to-morrow.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom was referred the bill (S. 58) for the issuing of patents in a certain class of cases, and for other purposes, reported it with amendments.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 104) to amend the act entitled “An act extending the jurisdiction of the district courts to certain cases upon the lakes and navigable waters connecting the same,” approved the 26th of February, 1845, reported it with an amendment.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was 0136 136 referred the petition of William H. Bassett, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed the bill from the Senate entitled “An act (S. 54) exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa from the provisions of the acts of the 22d of February and 2d of March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels;” also, a joint resolution from the Senate (S. R. 2) entitled “A resolution authorizing the erection, on the public grounds, in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington.”

The President of the United States approved and signed, the 24th instant, the enrolled bill (H. R. 14) authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to grant a register to the barque Sarah and Eliza.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, January 27, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Underwood presented the memorial of the board of managers of the American Indian Mission Association, praying the adoption of measures to improve the condition of the Indian tribes: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of Isaac Davenports and the documents relating to the claim of John Clarke, on the flies of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Bradbury,

Ordered , That the petition of Noah Miller, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Benton presented the petition of John Charles Frémont, praying an investigation of the claims of citizens of California against the United States for money and supplies furnished for the use of the Government, and for which the faith of the United States is pledged: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Crittenden presented the petition of George Poindexter, praying compensation for the occupation and use of his property by volunteers mustered into the service of the United States: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Downs submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Public Lands be instructed to inquire whether, by the provisions of the 5th section of the act of 4th of September, 1841, entitled “An act to appropriate the proceeds of the sales of the public lands, and to grant pre-emption rights,” the right of pre-emption was suspended by the commencement of hostilities with Mexico; and, if so in the opinion of the 0137 137 committee, them to report a bill to revive said right of pre-emption to confirm all claims that have been allowed by the officers of the Land Office, under the law as originally passed, and to report by bill or otherwise.

Mr. Bagby submitted the following resolution; which was read, and ordered to be printed:

Resolved , That neither the people nor the Legislature of a Territory have any constitutional power to exclude slavery from such Territory; and that the people or Legislature of a Territory possess no other political power than such as is delegated to them by Congress in the act authorizing them to form a territorial government; and, inasmuch as Congress has no power to exclude or prohibit slavery in any Territory of the United States, they cannot delegate such a power to the Legislature of a Territory, or the people thereof.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Benjamin J. Cahoone, reported a bill (S. 109) for the relief of Purser Benjamin J. Cahoone: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported a bill (s. 110) for the relief of the widows and orphans of the officers, seamen, and marines of the brig-of-war Somers: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Reynolds May, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 111) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Benton, by unanimous consent, had leave to bring in a bill (S. 112) to amend the 65th and the 91st of the rules and articles of war, in relation to the practice of courts martial and courts of inquiry in the army of the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary, of State, made agreeably to law, showing the number of seamen registered for each port during the year ending September 30, 1847: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made agreeably to law, showing the expenditures for the contingent expenses of the military establishment for the year 1847: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Cameron the 24th instant, to authorize the Committee on Printing to employ a clerk; and the resolution was agreed to.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Dickinson the 20th instant, to admit Jesse E. Dow to a seat into the reporter's gallery; and the resolution was agreed to.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Ashley the 19th instant, which was amended, and agreed to, as follows:

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Resolved , That the Committee on Printing be instructed to inquire into, and report to the Senate, the manner in which the printing of the Senate has been executed; whether it has been done in conformity with the terms of the contracts as to the quality and size of the page furnished, or the manner in which the printing has been done; also, that they inquire and report whether the documents printed and distributed by the printers to Congress are correctly printed from the originals sent to their offices.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 85) to provide for the compensation of Samuel Leech for services in the investigation of suspended sales in the Mineral Point districts Wisconsin; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time:

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Mr. Rusk reported from the committee, that they had examined, and found duly enrolled; the bill (S. 54) exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa from the provisions of the acts of the 22d February and 2d March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels; also, the resolution (S. R. 2) authorizing the erection, on the public grounds in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The Speaker of the House of Representatives having signed an enrolled bill (S. 54) and enrolled resolution, (S. R. 2,) I am directed to bring them to the Senate for the signature of their President.

The Vice President signed the enrolled bill (S. 54) and the enrolled resolution, (S. R. 2,) last reported to have been examined; and they were delivered to the committee, to be presented to the President of the United States.

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his secretary:

Mr. President: The President of the United States approved and signed, the 26th instant, the following acts:

S. 5. An act concerning certain collection districts, and for other purposes.

S. 38. An act to provide clothing for volunteers in the service of the United States.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

And, after debate,

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

FRIDAY, January 28, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Greene presented a resolution passed by the Legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, requesting the Senators and Representatives of that State in Congress to oppose the imposition of duties on tea and coffee: which was read,and ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Greene,

Ordered , That the petition of Welcome Parmeter, on the files of the Senate, he referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Mason,

Ordered , That the petition of Bancroft Woodcock, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be instructed to inquire into the expediency of making an appropriation for the construction of a light-house on Racoon Point, Dernier Isle, in the State of Louisiana; and into the expediency of an appropriation for a floating light in Atchafalaya bay, State of Louisiana.

Mr. Miller submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to inform the Senate whether he has caused to be laid and collected any taxes, duties, or imposts, upon goods and merchandize belonging to citizens of the United States, exported by such citizens from the United States to Mexico; and if so, what is the rate of such duties, and what amount has been collected; and also, by what authority of law the same have been laid and collected.

Mr. Westcott presented the memorial of citizens of Apalachicola, Florida, praying the purchase, by the United States, of Mount Vernon.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Sturgeon, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, reported a bill (S. 113) for the relief of Messrs. Cook, Anthony, Mahon, and others: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Pearce, from the Committee on the Library, to whom was referred the petition of Elizabeth Hamilton, reported a bill (S. 114) authorizing the purchase of the papers of Alexander Hamilton.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Hannegan, the 20th instant, for the appointment of a select committee “to inquire whether it may be necessary to adopt any measures for the future construction and preservation of the monuments to the memory of the deceased members of the Senate; and the resolution was agreed to.

On motion by Mr. Hannegan,

Ordered , That the committee consist of five members, to be appointed by the Vice President; and,

Mr. Hannegan, Mr. Mangum, Mr. Hunter, Mr. Crittenden, and Mr. Douglas were appointed the committee.

0140 140

Mr. Rusk, agreeably to notice, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 115) to authorize the President to increase the naval establishment of the United States: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the Committee of Claims, on the memorial of Hugh Monroe McLean; and

Resolved , That the prayer of the petition be not granted.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee on Indian Affairs, on the petition of George S. Gaines: and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the prayer of the petition be rejected.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the Committee on Pensions, on the petition of George Petty: and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the prayer of the petitioner be not granted.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the Committee on Naval Affairs, on the memorial of William M. Glendy: and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the committee be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the Committee of Claims, on the memorial of George Hervey: and, in concurrence therewith,

Ordered , That the prayer of the memorialist ought not to be granted.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (H. R. 18) making further provisions for surviving widows of the soldiers of the Revolution: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The bill (S. 75) for the relief of Richard Bloss and others, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate, and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The bill (S. 64) to authorize the settlement of the account of Joseph Nourse, deceased, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

0141 141

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

On motion by Mr. Miller,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force: and

After debate, and the consideration of executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, January 31, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Niles presented two petitions of citizens of Connecticut, praying a reduction of the rates of postage on newspapers: which were referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Dix presented the memorial of Priscilla D. Twiggs, widow of Levi Twiggs, deceased, late an officer in the marine corps, praying, to be allowed a pension, in consideration of the loss of her only son, who was killed in battle: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Atchison presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, praying the establishment of a territorial government in the territory lying west of that State: which was referred to the Committee on Territories.

Mr. Atchison presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, praying grant of public land to aid in the improvement of the Osage river: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Atchison presented the memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, praying that the mounted volunteers of that State, mustered into the service of the United States, may receive their full pay as mounted men, and compensation for their horses lost in the public service: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Atchison presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, praying the final adjustment of all claims to lands in that State, under French and Spanish grants: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Atchison presented a memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, praying a grant of public land for purposes of internal improvement: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Atchison presented resolutions passed by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, in favor of the tariff of July 30, 1846, and the independent treasury, and deprecating any modification affecting the principles of either of those acts: which were referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Atchison presented resolutions passed by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, in favor of a strict adherence to the principles of the 8th section of the act of March 6, 1820, commonly called the Missouri compromise, in the organization of new States 0142 142 or Territories out of any territory now belonging to, or which may hereafter be acquired by, the United States: which were read, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of John Caldwell, praying the reimbursement of money paid by him for the public service, while acting as assistant quartermaster to a regiment of volunteers in Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Corwin presented a petition of citizens of Warren county, Ohio, praying the establishment of a mail route from Springboro' to Ridgeville, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Benton presented the memorial of John Baldwin, praying the payment of his claims against the Mexican government, under the convention of January 30, 1843, between the United States and that republic: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Hannegan presented the petition of Isaac C. Elston, praying the relinquishment of the reversionary interest of the United States in certain Indian reservations purchased by him: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Hannegan presented the petition of James M. Kibben, praying the relinquishment of the reversionary interest of the United States in certain Indian reservations purchased by him: which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mr. Dayton presented a memorial of members of an agricultural society in New Castle, Delaware, praying an extension of a patent granted to Obed Hussey for a reaping machine: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Berrien presented the memorial of the Central Railroad and Banking Company, of Georgia, praying a remission of the duties on certain railroad iron, imported for the use of their railroad: which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of James A. Fawns, praying compensation for his services as a purser in the navy: which was ordered to lie on the table.

Mr. Underwood submitted documents relating to the claim of the heirs of James Rumsey, deceased, to remuneration in consideration of the benefits which have resulted from the application of steam to the purposes of navigation and the mechanic arts, of which their ancestor was the original inventor: which were referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

On motion by Mr. Yulee,

Ordered , That so much of the report of the Postmaster General as relates to a contract made for the transportation of the mail in steamships, between Charleston, South Carolina, and Havana, in Cuba, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed bills of the following titles:

H. R. 4. An act for the relief of Mary Brown, widow of Jacob Brown;

0143 143

H. R. 12. An act for the relief of the legal representatives of James Brown, deceased;

H. R. 20. An act for the relief of Edward Quinn;

H. R. 24. An act for the relief of George Newton;

H. R. 26. An act for the relief of Russell Goss;

H. R. 39. An act for the relief of Alborne Allen.

They have passed the bill (S. 27) entitled “An act to regulate the exercise of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, in certain cases, and for other purposes,” with amendments; in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The Speaker of the House of Representatives, having signed an enrolled bill, (H. R. 18,) I am directed to bring it to the Senate, for the signature of their President.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Bailie Peyton, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 116) to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury, with the approbation of the Attorney General, to purchase, for the United States, the interest of Bailie Peyton in the tract of land on which the light-house stands, at the south-west pass, at the mouth of the Mississippi river.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 50) to create the office of surveyor general of the public lands in the territory of Oregon, and to grant donation rights to settlers therein, and for other purposes, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Baldwin, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of William H. Prentiss, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 117) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

On motion by Mr. Breese,

Ordered , That the Committee on Public Lands be discharged from the further consideration of the resolution of the Senate, of the 29th December, respecting the compensating receivers of the public money, who perform the duties of assistant treasurers, and that it be referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Yulee, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported a bill (S. 118) to enable and authorize the accounting officers of the Treasury to audit and settle the accounts of certain acting officers therein mentioned: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said bill was read a second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That the bill be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

0144 144

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

Mr. Masons from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Clements, Bryan, and Company, submitted a report, accompanied by a joint resolution (S. 8) for their relief.

The resolution was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Bright, from the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of Maria Caldwell Robertson, submitted a report, accompanied by the following resolution:

Resolved , That the prayer of the petitioner be denied.

Mr. Niles, from the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, reported a bill (S. 119) in amendment of an act entitled “An act to amend the act entitled ‘An act to reduce the rates of postage, to limit the use and correct the abuse of the franking, privilege, and for the prevention of frauds on the revenues of the Post Office Department,’” passed the 3d of March, 1845: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 108) to further extend the patent of Jethro Wood; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The bill (S. 39) to provide for additional examining clerks in the Patent Office, and for additional fees, in certain cases, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole: and,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed until to-morrow.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they had examined,and found duly enrolled, the bill (H. R. 18) making further provision for surviving widows of the soldiers of the Revolution.

The Vice President signed the enrolled bill last reported to have been examined, and it was delivered to the committee, to be presented to the President of the United States.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the Committee, that they had this day presented to the President of the United States the following bill and resolution:

S. 54. An act exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society, in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa, from the provisions of the acts of the 22d February and 2d March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels.

S. R. 2. Resolution authorizing the erection, on the public grounds, in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington.

The following messages were received from the President of the United States:

0145 145

To the Senate of the United States:

I communicate herewith a report of the Secretary of War, with the accompanying documents, in answer to the resolution of the Senate, of the 24th instant, requesting to be furnished with “copies of the letters, reports, or other communications, which are referred to in the letter of General Zachary Taylor; dated at New Orleans, 20th July, 1845, and addressed to the Secretary of War; and which are so referred to, as containing the views of General Taylor, previously communicated, in regard to the line proper to be occupied at that time by the troops of the United States; and any similar communication, from any officer of the army, on the same subject.”

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , January 21, 1848.

To the Senate of the United States:

I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of War containing the information called for in the resolution of the Senate, of the 20th instant, in relation to General Orders No. 376, issued by General Scott, at head-quarters, Mexico, bearing date the 15th December last.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , January 31, 1848.

To the Senate of the United States:

I transmit herewith the annual report of the director of the mint at Philadelphia, showing the operation of the mint and branch mints for the year 1847.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , January 31, 1848.

The messages were read.

Ordered , That they be printed.

The bills this day received from the House of Representatives were read the first and second times, by unanimous consent.

Ordered , That the bill numbered 20 be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs; that the bills numbered 12, 39, be referred to the Committee of Claims; and that the bills numbered 4, 24, and 26, be referred to the Committee on Pensions.

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, February 1, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Dickinson presented a petition of citizens of New York, praying the establishment of a port of entry at Rousers Point, in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Downs presented a petition of Henry Fredieu and other citizens of the parish of Natchitoches, Louisiana, praying the confirmation of their titles to certain lands in that State: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Ashley submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads 10 0146 146 be instructed to inquire into the expediency of establishing, a post finite from Powhatan, in Lawrence county, Arkansas, via Walcott, to Willie's, in Greene county, in said State.

Mr. Benton submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs, to which has been referred the petition of John Charles Fremont, in relation to California claims on the government of the United States, be authorized and directed to take testimony, written and oral, in regard to said claims; and, for that purpose, to examine witnesses now in or near the city of Washington, and to administer oaths to said witnesses, and take the testimony in writing; and that the committee have leave to employ a clerk.

Mr. Breese submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Public Lands be instructed to inquire what legislation, if any, is necessary for the disposal of the lands lying upon the Illinois river, in the State of Illinois, and known as the “Lost lands,” and to report by bill, or otherwise.

Mr. Breese submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to inform the Senate what quantity of the public lands lying in the State of Illinois has been granted for military bounties since the 1st day of January, 1819, the price at which they were held by the United States when granted, and, also, the quantity relinquished to the United States under the operation of the act of April 24, 1830.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered , That the Committee on Foreign Relations be discharged from the further consideration of the memorial of the New Garden monthly meeting of Friends; and that the said memorial lie on the table.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, who were instructed to inquire into the subject, reported a bill (S. 120) to repeal apart of the act entitled “An act to appropriate, the proceeds of the sale of lands, and to grant pre-emption rights:” which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted by Mr. Miller the 28th January, relative to duties upon goods and merchandise belonging to citizens of the United States exported to Mexico: and the resolution was agreed to.

The Senate proceeded to consider the bill (S. 27) supplementary to the act entitled “An act to regulate the exercise of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in certain cases, and for other purposes, together with the amendments of the House of Representatives thereto; and,

Ordered , That the bill lie on the table; and that the amendments be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the Committee of Claims on the petition of Joseph Watson; and,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, 0147 147 the bill (S. 15) further time for satisfying claims for bounty lands for military services in the late war with Great Britain, and for other purposes; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate; and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof begs aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence, of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 39) to provide for additional examining clerks in the Patent Office, and for additional fees in certain cases; and, having been amended, on the motion of Mr. Lewis, it was reported to the Senate; and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time; and the title was amended.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be “An act to provide additional examiners in the Patent Office, and for other purposes.”

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Walker, his secretary:

Mr. President: The President of the United States approved and signed, the 31st January, the following bill and joint resolution:

S. 54. An act exempting vessels employed by the American Colonization Society in transporting colored emigrants from the United States to the coast of Africa from the provisions of the acts of the 22d February and 2d March, 1847, regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels.

S. 2. Resolution authorizing the erection, on the public grounds in the city of Washington, of a monument to George Washington.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of representatives thereof.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, February 2, 1848. Link to Annals.

The Vice President being absent,

On motion by Mr. Benton, and by unanimous consent,

Resolved , That the honorable David R. Atchison be appointed President of the Senate pro tempore .

Mr. Niles presented the memorial of Philo B. Johnson, praying indemnity for injuries to his person and property committed by Mexican soldiery: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented a resolution, passed by the Legislature of that State, in favor of the passing of a law granting 0148 148 a portion of public land to each or the officers and soldiers, or their legal representatives, of the volunteers who served, or may serve, in the war with Mexico: which was read.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs and printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented a resolution, passed by the Legislature of that State, in favor of the passing of an act to indemnify citizens of the United States for spoliations, committed under the authority of France, prior to 1800: which was read.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations and printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented resolutions, passed by the Legislature of that State, in favor of the enactment of a law authorizing the State of Louisiana to select other school lands in lieu of such as are unfit for cultivation: which were read.

Ordered , That they be referred to the Committee on Public Lands, and printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented a memorial of the Legislature of that State, praying an enlargement, of the powers of said Legislature in reference to the selection and disposition of the 16th sections, or school lands: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Benton submitted the following resolution; which was read, and ordered to be printed.

Resolved , That the President be requested to cause the Senate to be informed of the order, or law, by virtue of which the following words, in relation to the promotion of cadets, have been inserted in the Army Register of the United States (page 45) for the year 1847:

“Cadets acting as supernumerary officers in the army, in virtue of their brevets, will be successively promoted to vacancies of the lowest grade which may first happen in the particular arm to which they may have been attached, according to the order of rank established at the military academy.”

The following message was received from the President of the United States by Mr. Walker, his Secretary:

To the Senate of the United States:

In answer to a resolution of the Senate of the 13th January, 1848, calling for information on the subject of the negotiation between the commissioner of the United States and the commissioners of Mexico, during the suspension of hostilities after the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, I transmit a report from the Secretary of State, and the documents which accompany it.

I deem it proper to add that the invitation from the commissioner of the United States to submit the proposition of boundary, referred to in his despatch (No. 15) of the 4th of September, 1847, herewith communicated, was unauthorized by me, and was promptly disapproved; and this disapproval was communicated to the commissioner of the United States with the least possible delay.

JAMES K. POLK.

Washington , February 2, 1848.

0149 149

The message was read.

Ordered , That it be printed.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a bill H. R. 142) entitled “An act to confirms the boundary between Missouri and Arkansas:” in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

Mr. Hunter, from the Committee on Public Buildings, reported a bill (S. 121) to pay James Crutchett two thousand dollars for lighting the Capitol and Capitol grounds: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said bill was read the second time, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the memorial of A. A. Frazier, for himself and Alvin Baker, reported the following resolution:

Resolved , That the memorial of A. A. Frazier, for himself and Alvin Baker, owners of the brig Douglas, praying indemnity for losses caused by the alleged wrongful seizure by a British cruiser, be referred to the Secretary of State; and that the Secretary of State be directed to communicate to the Senate the originals or copies of all depositions and other documents and papers in his department relating to said case; and, likewise, such correspondence as may have been had with the British government, or its officers and our own, in relation thereto, which, in his opinion, may be made public, consistent with the public interests; and that the Secretary of State do also make a report on said case, as presented to his department.

The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the resolution; and the resolution was agreed to.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Joseph de la Francia, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 122) supplementary to “An act to authorize the Secretary of State to liquidate certain claims therein mentioned,” passed 18th of April, 1814.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of J. Bigelow, administrator on the estate of François Cazeau, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 123) for the relief of the legal representatives of François Cazeau, late merchant at Montreal.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, from the Committee on Military Affairs, 0150 150 reported a bill (S. 124) to extend the provisions of existing pension laws to enlisted men of the ordnance corps of the United States army: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said bill was read the second time, by unanimous consents and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the memorial of Francis O. Dorr and Andrew C. Dorr, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 93) to establish an additional district court of the United States in the State of Texas, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 4) to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to make an arrangement or compromise with Mangle M. Quackenboss and his co-obligors, or any of them, for claims on bonds given by them as sureties to the United States, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of Thomas Cowperthwaite and Company, reported a bill (S. 125) providing for the purchase and distribution of the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States among the several States and Territories: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Rusk reported, from the committee, that they had presented to the President of the United States the enrolled bill (H. R. 18) making further provisions for surviving widows of the soldiers of the revolution.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, February 3, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Felch presented a memorial of citizens of New Buffalo, in the State of Michigan, praying the establishment of a naval depot at that place: which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Mr. Dix presented a memorial of citizens of New York, praying that drawback of duties may be allowed on flour manufactured in the United States from Canadian wheat, and exported: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Baldwin submitted the following resolutions for consideration; which were read, and ordered to be printed:

Resolved , That, if any territory shall hereafter be acquired by the 0151 151 United States, or annexed thereto, the act by which such territory is acquired or annexed, whatever such act may be, should contain an unalterable fundamental article or provision, whereby slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, shall be forever excluded from the territory acquired or annexed.

Resolved , That in any cession of territory that may be acquired as the result of the war with Mexico, the desire of that republic, expressed by her commissioners in their negotiation with Mr. Trist, to provide for the protection of the inhabitants of the ceded territory against the introduction of the system of human slavery therein, by a stipulation to that effect, in any treaty that may be made, cannot, consistently with the rights of those inhabitants, or with the principles of justice and liberty, which have been proclaimed to the world as the basis of our institutions, be disregarded or denied.

Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, presented a memorial of the representatives of the yearly meeting of the society of Friends for New England, praying the adoption of measures for the speedy termination of the war with Mexico.

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

Mr. Miller, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the memorial of Anna J. Hassles, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 126) for her relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Felch, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition, of Hugh W. Dobbin, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 127) to allow arrearages of a pension to Hugh W. Dobbin, an officer in the late war.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, reported a bill (S. 128) to carry into effect certain provisions in the treaties between the United States and China, and the Ottoman Porte, giving certain judicial powers to ministers and consuls of the United States in those countries: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

Mr. Westcott, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the memorial of Joseph Bouchaud, submitted an adverse report: which was ordered to be printed.

The bill (H. R. 142) to confirm the boundary between Missouri and Arkansas, was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee on the Judiciary, on the petition of Abner L. Duncan; and,

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee of Claims, on the claim of Luther Blake, assignee of Lemuel R. Nicholls; and,

On motion by Mr. Westcott,

Ordered , That it lie on the table.

0152 152

The bill (S. 44) for the relief of Cadwalader Wallace was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole.

On motion by Mr. Mangum,

Ordered ,That it lie on the table.

The following bills were read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 48. An act for the relief of Peter Capella, administrator of Andrew Capella, deceased; and for the relief of John Capo; and for the relief of Elijah Petty, and Hannah Petty, his wife, heirs of John Beardon, deceased;

S. 51. A bill for the relief of Charles L. Dell;

S. 55. A bill for the relief of Richard S. Coxe.

And no amendment being made, the said bills were reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That they be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bills were read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That they pass, and that their respective titles be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The President of the United States yesterday approved and signed “An act (H. R. 18) making further provisions for surviving widows of the soldiers of the Revolution.”

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

On motion by Mr. Sevier,

The Senate adjourned.

FRIDAY, February 4, 1848. Link to Annals.

The President pro tempore laid before the Senate a report of the Solicitor of the Treasury, communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, a copy of the minutes and other papers, in the case of the Pea Patch island: which was read, and ordered to be printed.

On motion by Mr. Berrien,

Ordered , That when the Senate adjourn, it be to Monday next.

Mr. Rusk submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the Secretary be required to procure, for the use of the Senate,—hundred copies of the map of Mexico; five thousand copies of each, of the valley of Mexico, and of the seat of war, published by J. Disturnell, of New York; not to exceed in cost one dollar each, for the map of Mexico, and ten cents each for the others.

Mr. Cass presented the memorial of Orville B. Dibble and George C. Bates, praying a grant of the right of way, and a portion of public land, for the construction of a canal around the falls of the 0153 153 St. Mary's river, in the State of Michigan: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Cameron presented a petition of citizens of Adams county, Pennsylvania, praying the adoption of measures for a speedy termination of the war with Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

Mr. Ashley presented a memorial of citizens of the State of Arkansas, praying, the removal of the raft of the Red river: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Davis, of Mississippi,

Ordered , That leave be granted for the withdrawal of the memorial of the chiefs and delegation of the Wyandot Indians, praying payment for the lands ceded by them to the united States, under the treaty of 17th March, 1842.

Mr. Bradbury, from the Committee of Claims, to whom was referred the petition of James F. Sotheron, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 129) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee of Claims, on the petition of David Whelpley; and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the application of David Whelpley should not be granted by act of Congress.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee on Pensions, on the petition of John Searing; and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the prayer of the petitioner be not granted.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 47) making an appropriation for removing obstructions in the Savannah river: and,

No amendment being proposed, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The following bills were read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 61. A bill for the relief of Nathaniel Hoggatt;

S. 62. A bill amending the act entitled “An act granting half-pay to widows or orphans, where their husbands and fathers have died of wounds received in the military service of the United States,” in cases of deceased officers and soldiers of the militia and volunteers, passed July 4, 1836: and, no amendment being made, they were reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That they be engrossed, and read a third time.

The bill (S. 61) for the relief of Nathaniel Hoggatt was read a third time, by unanimous consent.

0154 154

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 34) to establish a permanent general pre-emption system, in favor of actual settlers on the public lands: and

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Monday, the 21st instant.

On motion by Mr. Benton,

Ordered , That the Secretary wait on the President of the United States, and notify him that the Senate, in the absence of the Vice President, have chosen the honorable David R. Atchison President of the Senate pro tempore; and that he make a similar communication to the House of Representatives.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

MONDAY, February 7, 1848. Link to Annals.

The President pro tempore laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, accompanied by a report and map of the examination of New Mexico, made by Lieutenant J. W. Abert: which was read.

On motion by Mr. Cass,

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Printing.

Mr. Hale presented a memorial of ministers and laymen of the Unitarian denomination of Christians of Billerica, Massachusetts, praying the adoption of measures for the re-establishment of peace between the United states and the republic of Mexico: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Clayton presented the petition of Obed Hussey, praying an extension of his patent for a reaping machine: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Ashley presented the petition of William W. Wynn, praying to be allowed the right of pre-emption to certain lands in the State of Arkansas: which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

Mr. Turney submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads inquire into the expediency of establishing a post route from Athens to Kingston, Tennessee.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Postmaster General be instructed to report to the Senate the causes of the repeated recent failures of the mail to and from New Orleans; and what legislation, if any, is necessary to prevent the recurrence of such failures, as well as to prevent the 0155 155 losses sustained by the public in consequence of the conveyance of intelligence in advance of the United States mail by the express mail established by individuals.

Mr. Baldwin submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate to the Senate, if in the possession of the Department of State, a copy of the instructions of the ministerial council of the republic of Mexico to the commissioners appointed to negotiate with Mr. Trist, dated at Mexico on or about the 24th day of August, 1847, together with the proposals or project, if any, submitted by the Mexican commissioners as the basis of a treaty, prior to the counter project submitted by them on the 6th of September, 1847, and already communicated to the Senate; and, also, the proceedings, if any, which were had in relation to said proposals first submitted, so far as the same may be communicated consistently with the public interest.

Mr. Breese, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 13) to grant to the State of Illinois a right of way through the public lands, and for other purposes, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Douglas, from the Committee on Territories, to whom was referred the bill (S. 59) to establish the territorial government of Oregon, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Bell, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported a resolution (S. 9) for the relief of Betsey McIntosh: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said resolution was read the second time, by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said resolution was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed bills of the following titles:

H. R. 10. An act for the relief of William Culver;

H. R. 13. An act for the relief of Daniel Robinson;

H. R. 22. An act for the relief of Elizabeth Clapper, of Muskingum county, in the State of Ohio;

H. R. 23. An act for the relief of Harriet Barney;

H. R. 36. An act for the relief of John Anderson;

H. R. 37. An act for the relief of Joseph C. Doxey;

H. R. 38. An act for the relief of S. Morris Wain;

H. R. 42. An act for the relief of the legal representatives of Amelia Bereton;

H. R. 43. An act for the relief of the legal heirs of John Snyder, deceased;

0156 156

H. R. 47. An act for the relief of Barclay and Livingston, and Smith, Thurgar, and Company;

H. R. 49. An act for the relief of Amzy Judd;

H. R. 51. An act for the relief of the heirs of Matthew Stewart;

H. R. 56. An act for the relief of Joseph and Lindley Ward;

H. R. 59. An act for the relief of Mrs. Anne W. Angus;

H. R. 60. An act for the relief of Elizabeth Maya;

H. R. 63. An act for the relief of James H. Conley;

H. R. 71. An act for the relief of Jesse Young;

H. R. 72. An act for the relief of Silas Waterman;

in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The said bills from the House of Representatives were read the first and second time, by unanimous consent.

Ordered , That the bills numbered 10, 13, 36, 37, 38, 42, 43, 51, be referred to the Committee of Claims; that the bills numbered 22, 23, 71, 72, be referred to the Committee on Pensions; that the bills numbered 59, 60, 63, be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs; that the bill numbered 47 be referred to the Committee on Commerce; that the bill numbered 49 be referred to the Committee on Public Lands; and that the bill numbered 56 be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Benton, the 2d instant, in relation to the appointment of cadets in the army; and the resolution was agreed to.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution, submitted the 4th instant by Mr. Rusk, respecting the purchase of certain maps: and,

On motion by Mr. Rusk,

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on the Library.

The following bills were read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 63. A bill in addition to an act for the relief of Walter Loomis and Abel Gay, approved July 2, 1836;

S. 65. A bill for the relief of Edward Bolon;

S. 66. A bill confirming former sales by the State of Illinois of the Ohio saline reservations, and authorizing the sale of the residue of such reservations; and

No amendment being made, they were reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That they be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bills were read a third time, by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That the said bills pass, and that their titles be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The bill (S. 62) amending the act entitled “An act granting half-pay to widows or orphans where their husbands and fathers have died of wounds received in the military service of the United State,” in cases of deceased officers and soldiers of the militia and volunteers, passed July 4, 1836, was read a third time; and having been amended, by unanimous consent, on the motion of Mr. Niles:

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Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise for a limited time an additional military force: and

After debate, and the consideration of Executive business,

The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, February 8, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Yulee presented the memorial of Benedict Madéore, vicar general of Florida, and pastor of the church of St. Augustine, and the memorial of the trustees and members of that church, praying the restoration of property belonging to the church, which was in properly conveyed to the United States, at the cession of Florida, as public property, by the Spanish authorities: which were referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Bradbury presented two petitions of citizens of the county of Hancock, Maine, praying the establishment of a mail route from Bucksport to George's Corner, in that State: which were referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Bradbury presented the petition of Alfred Marshall, collector of the district of Belfast, in the State of Maine, praying an increase of compensation: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Sturgeon presented a petition of citizens of Alleghany county, Pennsylvania, praying a reduction of the rates of postage on newspapers: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Sturgeon presented the petition of Samuel Blake, praying compensation for his services in aiding in taking the sixth census: which was referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Bright presented the memorial of Thomas L. L. Brent, praying to be allowed an outfit as charge d'affaires of the United States at the court of Madrid: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Bright presented a preamble and resolution, passed by the Legislature of the State of Indiana, in favor of the passing of a law to provide for the payment of the claim of the representatives of Francis Vigo, for advances to the troops under General George Rogers Clark, in the Illinois campaign.

Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

Mr. Mason presented the petition of C. H. McCormick, praying an extension of his patent for a reaping machine: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Cameron presented the petition of Joseph Nock, praying an extension of his patent for padlocks, desk, chest, and trunk locks: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Cameron presented a resolution passed by the Legislature of 0158 158 the State of Pennsylvania, in favor of abolishing the postage on newspapers not sent over thirty miles from the place of publication, and such other modifications of the post office laws as will provide a uniform system of cheap Postage on letters and newspapers: which was referred to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

Mr. Dix presented the petition of John W. Leuchs, praying the return of certain goods seized by the collector at the port of New York, for an alleged, violation of the revenue laws, and indemnity for loss sustained in consequence of such seizure: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, presented the memorial of John Golder, praying remuneration for an alleged infringement by the government of his patent for an improved system of public finance: which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Westcott presented the memorial of John P. Baldwin, praying that a register may be issued for the schooner Robert Henry: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

On motion by Mr. Cameron,

Ordered , That the heirs of James Bell have leave to withdraw their petition and papers.

Mr. Mangum submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Senate be authorized to pay, out of the contingent fund, the person who performed the duties of one of the engrossing clerks of the Senates who was sick during the late recess, at the same rate of compensation as is usually paid to temporary clerks employed by the Senate, for the time he was so employed.

Mr. Bagby submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Military Affairs be instructed to inquire into the expediency of causing a survey and examination to be made, with a view to the establishment of a national foundry, at Tuscaloosa, in the State of Alabama.

Mr. Cameron, from the Committee on Printing, to whom was referred the memorial of the representatives of the religious society of Friends, for the States of New York, Vermont, Michigan, and some parts adjacent, presented the 10th January, reported “that the memorial be not printed.”

The Senate proceeded to consider the report; and the report was agreed to.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (S. 130) to authorize the relinquishment of the 16th section, in certain cases, and the selection of other lands in lieu thereof: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, an referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by Mr. Baldwin, the 7th instant, respecting the communication to the Senate of certain papers; and the resolution was agreed to.

The bill (S. 67) for the relief of William Marvin, in confirming 0159 159 the title to a tract of land in Florida, granted by the Spanish government to Bernardo Segui, on the 20th of December, 1815, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 19) to divide the district of Arkansas into two judicial districts: and

On motion by Mr. Ashley,

Ordered , That the further consideration thereof be postponed until to-morrow, and be the order of the day.

The Senate proceeded to consider, in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 25) for the relief of Susan E. Gordon, together with the amendment reported thereto: and, a further amendment being proposed,

On motion,

Ordered , That the further consideration of the bill be postponed until to-morrow.

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed joint resolutions of the following titles:

H. R. 11. Joint resolution expressive of the thanks of Congress to Major General Winfield Scott, and the troops under his command, for their distinguished gallantry and good conduct in the campaign of 1847;

H. R. 12. Joint resolution expressive of thanks to Major General Taylor: in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The said resolutions were read the first and second times, by unanimous consent,

Ordered , That they be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

On motion by Mr. Baldwin,

The vote agreeing to the resolution submitted by him the 7th instant, requesting the communication to the Senate of certain papers, was reconsidered.

The Senate proceeded to consider the said resolution; and, having been amended, on the motion of Mr. Sevier, it was agreed to, as follows:

Resolved , That the President of the United States be requested to communicate to the Senate, if in the possession of the Department of State, a copy of the instructions of the ministerial council of the republic of Mexico to the commissioners appointed to negotiate with Mr. Trist, dated at Mexico, on or about the 24th day of August, 1847, together with the proposals, or project, if any, submitted by the Mexican commissioners, as the basis of a treaty, prior to the counter project submitted by them, on the 6th of September, 1847, and already communicated to the Senate; and also, the proceedings, if any, which were had in relation to said proposals first submitted; and also, any correspondence which may have, taken place between Mr. Trist and General Scott, or either of those gentlemen 0160 160 with the government of the United States, upon the subject of the proposed treaty or negotiation between the United States and Mexico, at the time of the arrival of Mr. Trist in Mexico, or subsequently; or upon the subject of the proposals made to Mr. Trist by the commissioners of Mexico—so far as the same may be communicated consistently with the public interest.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force.

And, after debate,

On motion,

The Senate adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, February 9, 1848. Link to Annals.

The honorable George M. Dallas, Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate, resumed the chair.

Mr. Hale presented the petition of John P. Andrews, proposing a plan for preventing the evils of war among nations: which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Mr. Breese presented the memorial of the heirs and legal representatives of Nicholas Jarrot, deceased, praying the confirmation of their title to certain lands in the State of Illinois: which was referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, presented the memorial of the heirs-at-law of Timothy P. Anderson, deceased, praying an extension of his patent for an improvement in the economy of water power by means of a graduated spout: which was referred to the Committee on Patents and the Patent Office.

Mr. Benton presented the memorial of Alexander Vattemare, a citizen of France, praying the establishment of a permanent agency by the United States for exchanging the books and public documents printed and published under their sanction, for similar works published under the authority of foreign governments: which was referred to the Committee on the Library, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Spruance presented a memorial of masters of vessels engaged in the coasting trade, praying the construction of an ice harbor at Delaware city, in the Delaware bay: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

Mr. Cass presented the petition of Justus Powers, a soldier in the last war with Great Britain, praying to be allowed arrears of pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

Mr. Dickinson presented the memorial of George Wilkes, praying the adoption of measures for the construction of a national railroad from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean: which was referred to the Committee on Roads and Canals.

Mr. Dix presented a preamble and resolution, passed by the Legislature of the State of New York, instructing the Senators and requesting the Representatives of that State in Congress to use their efforts to effect the exclusion of slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, from any provisional or territorial government which the United States may hereafter establish.

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Ordered , That they lie on the table, and be printed.

On motion by Mr. Felch,

Ordered , That the petition of the administrator of John Anderson, on the hies of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Felch,

Ordered , That the petition of Aaron Weeks, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

On motion by Mr. Hale,

Ordered , That the guardian of Artemas Conant have leave to withdraw his petition and papers.

Mr. Badger submitted the following resolution for consideration:

Resolved , That there be paid to each of the messengers of the Senate and office of the Secretary of the Senate, who have not already received it, the same additional compensation that was paid to R. P. Anderson and J. L. Clubb for the second session of the twenty-ninth Congress.

Mr. Webster submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on the Judiciary inquire into the expediency of making further provision, by law, respecting imprisonment for debt on process issuing from the courts of the United States.

Mr. Cameron, from the Committee on Printing, to whom was referred the motion to print the report and map of Lieutenant Abert, reported in favor of printing the same; and that two thousand additional copies be printed for the use of the Senate.

The Vice President laid before the Senate a report of the acting Secretary of the Treasury, made in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, exhibiting the quantity of public lands lying in the state of Illinois granted for military bounty lands since the 1st of January, 1819, the price at which they were held when granted, and the quantity relinquished to the United States under the operation of the act of April 24, 1820.

Ordered , That it lie on the table, and be printed.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana,

Ordered , That the Committee on Pensions be discharged from the further consideration of the bill (H. R. 39) for the relief of Alborne Allen; and that it be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, to whom was referred the petition of the heirs and legal representatives of Colonel William Grayson, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 131) for their relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Dix, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the petition of J. P. Baldwin, reported a bill (S. 132) to authorize the issuing of a register or enrollment to the schooner Robert Henry: which was read, and passed to the second reading.

The said bill was read the second time by unanimous consent, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate. 11

0162 162

Ordered , That it be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time by unanimous consent.

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of Welcome Parmenter, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 133) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of David Currier, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 134) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 23) for the relief of Mrs. Harriet Barney, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom the following bills were referred:

H. R. 4. An act for the relief of Mary Brown, widow of Jacob Brown;

H. R. 24. An act for the relief of George Newton;

H. R. 26. An act for the relief of Russell Goss;

H. R. 71. An act for the relief of Jesse Young; reported the same without amendment.

On motion by Mr. Dix,

Ordered , That the Committee on Commerce be discharged from the further consideration of the bill (H. R. 47) for the relief of Barclay and Livingston, and Smith, Thurgar, and Company; and that it be referred to the Committee on Finance.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (S. 20) concerning testimony, reported it with amendments.

Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 142) to confirm the boundary between Missouri and Arkansas, reported it without amendment.

The Senate proceeded to consider the said bill (H. R. 142) as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The engrossed bill (S. 67) for the relief of William Marvin, in confirming the title of William Marvin to a tract of land in Florida granted by the Spanish government to Bernardo Segui, on the 20th December, 1815, was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

0163 163

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives in this bill.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the consideration of the bill (S. 19) to divide the district of Arkansas into two judicial districts: and

An amendment being proposed by Mr. Sevier,

Ordered , That the further consideration of the bill be postponed to, and made the order of the day for, Monday, the 28th instant; and that the proposed amendment be printed.

A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. Campbell, their Clerk:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives have passed a bill from the Senate (S. 105) to provide additional quarters near to New Orleans for United States soldiers and volunteers returned from or going to, the seat of war in Mexico:

They have passed bills of the following titles:

H. R. 152. An act for dividing the State of Georgia into two judicial districts, and organizing and establishing an additional district court of the United States, with circuit court powers and jurisdiction;

H. R. 174. An act to authorize the issue of a register to the barque Wilhamet;

H. R. 175. An act to change the location of certain light-houses and buoys;

H. R. 182. An act to amend an act entitled “An act in amendment of the acts respecting the judicial system of the United States:” in which they request the concurrence of the Senate.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise for a limited time an additional military force: and,

After debate,

The Senate adjourned.

THURSDAY, February 10, 1848. Link to Annals.

Mr. Benton presented an ordinance, passed by the city council of St. Louis, Missouri, urging upon Congress the propriety of making an appropriation for continuing the improvement of the harbor at that place: which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Hunter presented the memorial of Elizabeth Monroe, widow of Thomas J. C. Monroe, deceased, late a surgeon in the army of the United States, praying a pension: which was referred to the Committee on Pensions.

On motion by Mr. Johnson, of Maryland,

Ordered , That the petition of Erskine and Eichelberger, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

On motion by Mr. Butler,

Ordered , That the petition of E. P. Guier and B. McLaughlin, on the files of the Senate, be referred to the Committee of Claims.

Mr. Westcott submitted the following resolution for consideration:

0164 164

Resolved , That the Secretary of the Senate be authorized to pay, to the two youths employed in the Senate post office at the last session, one hundred dollars each, in full compensation for their services at the last session.

The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the said resolution; and

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate.

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by unanimous consent, and agreed to:

Resolved , That the Committee on Commerce be instructed to inquire into the expediency of making an appropriation to aid the Charity Hospital of New Orleans, in defraying the expenses of the sick and destitute volunteer troops, as well as of sick and destitute citizens of the United States, received into the said institution.

Mr. Bright, from the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Mary M. Telfair, submitted a report, together with a resolution,

“That the prayer of the petioner be denied.”

Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of David N. Smith, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. 135) for his relief.

The bill was read, and passed to the second reading.

Ordered , That the report be printed.

Agreeably to notice, Mr. Hannegan asked and obtained leave to bring in a resolution (S. R. 10) of thanks to Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan, and the officers and men under his command, in their recent campaign through the northern states and provinces of Mexico: which was read the first and second times by unanimous consent.

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and printed.

Mr. Cass, by unanimous consent, asked and obtained leave to bring in a joint resolution (S. R. 11) authorizing medals and certificates to be given to officers and soldiers of the regular forces and volunteers, for gallant conduct in battle during the war with Mexico: which was read the first and second times, by unanimous consent, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed.

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted yesterday, by Mr. Badger, allowing additional compensation to certain messengers: and

On motion by Mr. Badger,

Ordered , That it be referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate.

The Senate proceeded to consider the report of the Committee on Printing, on the subject of printing the report and map of Lieutenant Abert; and, in concurrence therewith,

Ordered , That the same be printed, and that two thousand additional copies be printed for the use of the Senate.

The Senate proceeded to consider the adverse report of the 0165 165 Committee on Revolutionary Claims, on the petition of Maria C. Robertson; and, in concurrence therewith,

Resolved , That the prayer of the petitioner be denied.

The Senate resumed, as in Committee of the Whole, the bill (S. 11) for the relief of John M. Moore; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate, and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Mr. Atchison, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 56) for the relief of Joseph and Lindley Ward, reported it without amendment.

The Senate proceeded to consider the said bill as in Committee of the Whole; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

The following bills were read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole:

S. 72. A bill for an increase of the medical staff of the army, for a limited time;

S. 73. An act for the relief of Jones and Boker;

And, no amendment being made, they were reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That they be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bills were read a third time.

Resolved , That the said bills pass, and that their titles be as aforesaid.

The Senate proceeded, as in Committee of the Whole, to consider the bill (S. 25) for the relief of Susan E. Gordon, with the amendment reported thereto; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time, and the title was amended.

Resolved , That this bill pass, and that the title thereof be, “An act for the relief of the legal representatives of George Fisher.”

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

The bill (S. 12) authorizing persons to whom reservations of land have been made, under certain indian treaties, to alienate the same in fee, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole; and, having been amended, it was reported to the Senate, and the amendment was concurred in.

Ordered , That it be engrossed, and read a third time.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass, and that the title thereof be as aforesaid.

Ordered , That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

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The bills yesterday received from the House of Representatives were read the first and second times by unanimous consent.

Ordered , That the bills numbered 152 and 182 be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary: and that the bill numbered 175 be referred to the Committee on Commerce.

The Senate proceeded, as in Committee of the Whole, to consider the bill (H. R. 174) to authorize the issue of a register to the barque Wilhamet; and, no amendment being made, it was reported to the Senate.

Ordered , That it pass to a third reading.

The said bill was read a third time.

Resolved , That it pass.

Ordered , That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives accordingly.

The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (S. 26) to raise, for a limited time, an additional military force;

And, after debate,

The Senate adjourned.

FRIDAY, February 11, 1848. Link to Annals.

The following message was received from the President of the United States by Mr. Walker, his secretary:

To the Senate of the United States:

In answer to the resolution of the Senate of the 1st instant, requesting to be informed whether “any taxes, duties, or imports,” have been “laid and collected upon goods and merchandise, belonging to citizens of the United States, exported by such citizens from the United States to Mexico; and if so, what is the rate of such duties, and what amount has been collected; and, also, by what authority of law the seine have been laid and collected;” I refer the Senate to my annual message of the 7th of December last, in which I informed Congress that orders had been given to our military and naval commanders in Mexico, to adopt the policy, as far as practicable, of levying military contributions upon the enemy for the support of our army.

As one of the modes adopted for levying such contributions, it was stated in that message that, “On the 31st of March last, I caused an order to be issued to our military and naval commanders to levy and c