%images;]> spalding-00158 Spalding's official base ball guide, 1913: a machine-readable transcription. spalding Selected and converted.American Memory, Library of Congress.

Washington, DC, 2009.

Preceding element provides place and date of transcription only.

For more information about this text and this American Memory collection, refer to accompanying matter.

GV877.S73 Copyright status not determined; refer to accompanying matter.

The National Digital Library Program at the Library of Congress makes digitized historical materials available for education and scholarship.

This transcription captured with optical character recognition technology is not intended to reproduce the appearance of the original work. The accompanying images provide a facsimile of this work and represent the appearance of the original.

 2009/04/16
SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE 1913 1

2

i I . I. I.- .i

3

4

W. IRVING SNYDER, formerly of the house of Peck & Snyder:--'I have read the book from cover to cover with great interest." ANDREW PECK, formerly of the 'celebrated firm of Peck & Snyder:- "All base ball fans should read and see how the game was conducted in early years." MELVILLE E. STONE, New York, General Manager Associated Press:-~- "I find it full of valuable information and very interesting. I prize it very highly." GEORGE BARNARD, Chicago:-"Words fail to express my appreciation of the book. It carries me back to the early days of base ball and makes me feel like a young man again." CHARLES W. MURPHY, President Chicago National League club:- "The book ig a very valuablq work and will become a part of every base ball library in the country." JOHN F. MORRILL, Boston, Mass., old time base ball star.-"I- did not think it possible for one to become so interested in a book on base ball. I do not find anything in it which I can criticise." RALPH D. PAINE, popular ,magazine writer and a leading authority on college sport:-"I have been reading the book with a great deal of interest. 'It fills a long felt want,' and you are a national benefactor for writing it." GEN. FRED FUNSTON, hero of the Philippine war:-"I read the book with a great deal of pleasure and was much interested in seeing the account ofJ base ball among the Asiatic whalers, which I had written for Harper's Round Table so many yeais ago." DEWOLF HOPPER, celebrated operatic artist and comedian:-"Apart from the splendid history of the evolution of the game, it perpetuates the memories of the many men who so gloriously sustained it. It should be read by every lover of the sport." HUGH NICOL, Director of Athletics, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.:-"No one that has read this book has appreciated it more than I. Ever since I have been big enough, I have been in professional base . ball. and you can imagine how interesting .the book is to me." MRS. BRITTON, owner of the St. Louis Nationals, through her treas- urer, H. D. Seekamp, writes:-"Mrs. Britton has been very much interested in the volume and has read with pleasure a number of chapters, gaining valuable information as to the history of the game." REV. CHARLES H. PARKHURST, D.D., New York:-"Although I am not very much of a 'sport,' I nevertheless believe in sports, and just at the present time in base ball particularly. Perhaps if all the Giants had an opportunity to read the volume before the recent game (with the Athletics) they might not have been so grievously outdone." ' BRUCE CARTWRIGHT, son of Alexander J. Cartwright, founder of the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club, the first organization of ball players in existence, writing from his home at Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, says: -"I have read the book with great interest and it is my opinion that no better. history of base ball could have been written." GEORGE W. FROST, San Diego, Calif.:-"You and 'Jim' White, George Wright, Barnes, McVey, O'Rourke, etc., were little gods to us back there in Boston in those days of '74 and '75, and I recall how indig- nant we were when you 'threw us down' for the Chicago contract. The book is splendid. I treasure it greatly." A. J. REACH, Philadelphia, old time professional expert:-"It certainly is an interesting revelation of the national game from 'the time, years before it was so dignified, up to the present. Those who have played the game, or taken an interest in it in the past, those at present en- gaged in it, -together with all who are to engage in it, have a rare treat in store." DR. LUTHER H. GULICK, Russell Sage Foundation:-"Mr. Spalding has been the largest factor in guiding the development of the game and thus deserves to rank with other great men of the country who have contributed to its success. It would have added to the interest of the book if Mr. Spalding could have given us more of his own personal experiences, hopes and ambitions in connection with the game."

5

Pittsburg Press:-"Historical incidents abound and. the book is an excellent authority on the famous sport." Philadelphia Telegraph:-"In this book Mr. Spalding has written the most complete and authoritative story of base ball yet published." New York Herald:-"If there is anyone in the country competent to write a book on base ball it is A. G. Spalding who has been interested in the game from its early beginnings.' I. E. SANBORN, Chicago Tribune:-" 'America's National Game' has been added to the Tribune's sporting reference library as an invaluable contribution to the literature of the national pastime." O. C. REICHARD, Chicago Daily News:-"It is cleverly written and presents information and dates of great value to the newspaper man of to-day!" GEORGE C. RICE, Chicago Journal:--"I have read the book through, and take pleasure in stating that it is a complete history of the game from the beginning until the present time." SHERMAN R. DUFFY, Sporting Editor Chicago Journal:--"It is a most interesting work and one for which there was need. It is the most valuable addition to base ball literature that has yet been put out." JOSEPH H. VILA, New York Sun:-"I have read it carefully and with much interest. It is the best piece of base ball literature I have ever seen, and I congratulate you on the work." TIM MURNANE, Sporting Editor Boston Globe:-"You have given to the world a book of inestimable value, a classic in American history; a book that should be highly prized in every home library in the country." FRANCIS C. RICHTER, Editor Sporting Life, Philadelphia:-"From a purely literary standpoint, your work is to me amazing. Frankly, I would not change a line, for the reason that the story is told in a way to grip the reader and hold his interest continually." Los Angeles Times (editorial) --"Spalding's book has been out six months and ninety thousand copies have been sold. We understand there will be other editions. America has taken base ball seriously for at last two generations, and it is time enough that the fad was given an adequate text book." CASPAR WHITNEY, Editor Outdoor America, and one of the leading authorities in the world on sport:-"You have made an invaluable con- tribution to the literature of the game, and one none else could have made. Moreover, you've done some very interesting writing, which is a distinct novelty in such books-too often dull and uninteresting." New York World:-"Albert G. Spalding, who really grew up with the sport, has written 'America's National Game,' which he describes as not a history, but the simple story of the game as he has come to know it. His book, therefore, is full of living interest. It is a volume generously illustrated and abounds in personal memories of base ball in the making." / New York Sun:-"There is a mass of interesting information regard- ing base ball, as might be expected, in Mr. Spalding's 'America's National Game.' It is safe to say that before Spacing there was no base ball. The book is no record of games and players, but it is historical in a broader sense, and the author is able to glve his personal decisive testimony about many disputed points." Evening Telegram, New York:-"In clear, concise, entertaining, nar- rative style, Albert G. Spalding has contributed in many respects the most interesting work pertaining to base ball, the national game, which has been written. "There is so much in it of interest that the temptation not to put it down until it is completed is strong within the mind of every person who begins to read it. As a historical record it is one of those volumes which will go further to straighten some disputed points than all of the arguments which could be advanced in good natured disputes which might last for months."

6

Providence (R. I.) Tribune:-"The pictures of old time teams, players and magnates of a bygone era will interest every lover of the game, and no doubt start many Aiscussions and recollections among the old timers." New York Evening Mail:-"Were it possible to assemble the grand army of base ball fans in convention, their first act probably would be to pass a vote of thanks to Mr. A. G. Spalding for his work 'America's National Game'." Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch :-"Never before has been put in print so much of authentic record of this distinctly national game, and it will be long, if ever, until so thoroughly interesting and useful a volume is published to cover the same field." New Orleans Picayune:--"The pictures of old time teams, players arffl magnates of a bygone era will interest every lover of the game. Homer Davenport, America's great cartoonist, has contributed drawings in his inimitable style of various phases of the game." Indianapolis Star:-"From cover to cover, the 542 pages 'are filled with material for 'fanning bees,' which the average 'fan' never before encountered. It is an interesting volume for anyone who follows the national pastime and a valuable addition to any library." Buffalo News:-"No book on base ball has ever been written that is superior to this one by A. G. Spalding. The book is admirably written, yet without any frills. Many of the more notable incidents recounted in this book are having wide publication by themselves." Brooklyn Times:-"The book, is practically a compendium of the salient incidents in the evolution of professional base ball. Mr. Spal- ding is pre-eminently fitted to perform this service, his connection with the game having been contemporaneous with its development, as player club owner and league director." Washington (D. C.) Star:-"This work appeals with peculiar force to the public. Mr. Spalding's name is almost synonymous with base ball. He has worked to the end of producing a volume which tells the story of the game vividly and accurately. Taken altogether, this is a most valuable and entertaining work." New York American:-"One of the best selling books of the season has been 'America's National Game,' by A. G. Spalding. The first edition of five thousand copies has been sold out (in two months) and a second edition of five thousand is now on the press. As a Christmas gift from father to son, it is most appropriate." Cincinnati Enquirer :--"As a veteran of the diamond, well qualified to do so, Mr. Spalding has committed to print a professional's version of the distinctly American game. This well known base ball celebrity has a store of familiar anecdotes embracing the entire period of the game as now played and the reader will find it most interesting." Teacher and Home, New York:--"Every live father of a live boy will want to buy this book. It is said of some of the 'best sellers' that they hold one to the end. This book holds the *reader with its anecdote, its history, its pictures; but it will have no and; for no home-no American home-will be complete hereafter without it." Buffalo Times:-"A. G. Spalding, with whose name every American boy is familiar, has been prevailed upon to commit to print events which were instrumental in guiding the destinies of the National League durng the trying period of its early days. To write upon base ball in a historical manner, and yet not fall into the habit of quoting inter- minable statistics, is a feat that few could accomplish." Cincinnati Times-Star:-" 'America's National Game,' A. G. Spal- ding's great book upon the diamond sport, is now upon the market and receiving well merited attention. It tells the story as Mr. Spalding saw it, and no man has been in position to see more. When 'Al' Spalding, the sinewy pitcher of nearly forty years ago, came into the arena, the game was young, and through all the changing seasons that have seen it mature into full bloom, its closest watcher and strongest friend has been the same 'Al' Spalding."

7

Cincinnati Times-Star:-"The book is at once a history, a cyclopaedia and a most entertaining volume." New York American:-" 'America's National Game' tells for the first time the history of the national game of base ball." Portland Oregonian:-"The book is of rare interest and has such personal value in the story line that one hardly knows where to begin in making quotations from it-all the stories told are so admirable." JOHN T. NICHOLSON, Principal Public School I86, New York:-"It's a great book." REV. W. A. SUNDAY, Evangelist:-"No one in America is better quali- fied to talk of base ball, from its inception to its present greatness, than A. G. Spalding." WM. L. VEECK and ED. W. SMITH, of the Chicago American:-"We have found much enjoyment in reading the book, and it is very valu- able in our work." W. H. CONANT, Gossamer Rubber Co., Boston, Mass.:-"I have read the book with great pleasure and it produced a vivid reminiscence of the striking events in base ball, so full of interest to all lovers of the game." JOSEPH B. MACCABE, Editor East Boston (Mass.) Argus-Advocate, and ex-President Amateur Athletic Union:-"I want to express my gratitude, as a humble follower of manly sport, for the compilation of this historic work." JOHN A. LOWELL, President John A. Lowell Bank Note Company, Boston, Mass.:-"I have read the book with great interest and it certainly is a valuable compilation of facts relating to the history of base ball, the great national game of America. I prize it very highly." WM. F. GARCELON, Harvard Athletic Association, Cambridge, Mass.: -"I think 'America's National Game' is not only intensely interesting but most valuable, as giving the history of the game. Better still, my nine year old boy is looking forward to the time when he can get it away from me." GusTAVUs T. KIRBY, President of the Amateur Athletic Union:- "Not only as a historical sketch of this great national game, but also as a technical dissertation on base ball as it was and is, tnis book will not only be of interest but of benefit to all of us Americans who are interested in sport-and what American is not interested in sport?- and being interested in sport, chiefly in base ball." EVERETT C. BROWN, Chicago, ex-president of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States:-"It is very seldom that any history of any sport or anything pertaining to athletics approaches the interest with which one reads a popular work of fiction, but I can truthfully say that I have read the story of the great national game with as much interest as I have read any recent work of fiction." THOMAS F. GRAHAM, Judge Superior Court, San Francisco:- "'America's National Game' contains matter on the origin and develop- ment of base ball-the greatest game ever devised by man-that will be of the utmost interest to the base ball loving people, not only of this, but of every English speaking country; and I am sure it will per- petuate the name of A. G. Spalding to the end of time."

SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 8

SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY ^ Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now - ~v >- ,. in print, grouped for ready reference n c) No. SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS I Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 1A Spalding's Official Base Ball Record IC Spalding's Official College Base Ball Annual 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide 7A Spalding's Official Women's Basket Ball Guide 8 Spalding's Official Lacrosse Guide 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide 12A Spalding's Official Athletic Rules Group L Base Ball Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball No. 4 Sp2lding's Official Lawn Ten- Guide. nis Annual. No. 1A Official Base Ball Record. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. lo College Base Ball Annual. No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. Group VI. Hockey No. 232 How to Run Bases. Guide. No. 230 How to Pitch. No.,154 Field Hockey. No. 229 Howto Catch. No. 6 Spading HofficialIce.Hocke No. 225 How to Play First Base, No. 226 How to Play Second Base. Group VII. Basket Ball No. 227 How to Play Third Base. No. 228 How to Play Shortstop. No. 7 Spalding'sOfficialBasketBalt No. 224 How to Play the Outfield. Guide. How to Organize a Base Ball No. 7A Spalding's Offwial Women's ~League. Club.~ N Basket Ball Guide. How to Organize a Base Ball No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. No. How to Manage a Base Ball BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 231 HowtoTrainaBase BallTeam No. 353 Official Collegiate Basket Ball How to Captain a Base Ball Handbook. HowtoUmpireaGame. Team Group VIII Lacrosse t Technical Base Ball Terms. No.8 Spalding's Offcial Lacrosse Guide No. 219 Ready Reckoner of Base Ball No. 201 How to Play Lacrosse. Percentages. No. 350 How to Score. Group IX. Indoor Base Ball BASE BALL AUXILIARIEs No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base No. 365 Minor League BaseBall Guide Ball Guide. No. 356 Official Book National League Group X. Polo of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. No. 129 Water Polo. No. 340 Official Handbook National No. 199 Equestrian Polo. Playground Ball Ass'n. Group !1. Foot Ball Group XL Miscellaneous Games Group I. Foo BaliNo. 248 Archery. No. 138 Croquet. No. 2 Spalding'sOfficialFootBall Guide No. 271 Roque. No. 324 How to Play Foot Ball. N No. 2A S~palding's OlcialSoccerFoo No. 14 { Racquets. Squash-Racquets. No 2 Spaldin Oici soccer Foot No. C94 Court Tennis. Ball Guide. No. 13 Hand Ball. No. 167 Quoits. No. 286 HowtoPlaySoccer. No. 170 Push Ball. No. 14 Curling. No. 335 How to Play Rugby. No. 207 Lawn Bowls. FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES N 188 Lawn Hockey. ParlorHockey No. 851 OfficialRugbyFootBall Guide. No 188 Garden Hockey. LawnGames No. 358 Official College Soccer Foot No. 189 Children's Games. Ball Guide No. 341 How to Bowl. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS

9

Group XII. Athletics Group XIV. Manly Sports-CMn. No. 12A Spalding's Official Athletic No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells No. 27 College Athletics. Rules No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises. 4 No. 182 All Around Athletics. No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises No. 156 Athletes' Guide. No. 191 How to Punch the Bag. No. 87 Athletic Primer. No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs. No. 273 OlympicGamesatAtheis,1906 No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards Group XV. Gymtstics No. 174 Distance and Cross Country No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- Running. Thrower. cises. Dumb Bell Drills. No. 259 How to Become a Weight No. 214 Graded Calisthenic and No. 55 Official Sporting Rules. No. 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. No. 246 Athletic Training for School- No. 158 Indoor and Outdoor Gymnas- No. 317 Marathon Running. boys. tic Games. No. 331 Schoolyard Athletics. No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast. No. 252 How to Sprint. petition. No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- No. 342 Walking for Health and Corn- ing Drills. Apparatus. ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES No 327 Pyramid Building Without No. 357 Intercollegiate Official Hand- No. 828 Exetciseson the Parallel Bars No. 314 Girls' Athletics. book. No. 329 Pyramid B u i I d i n g with No. 302 Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. Wands, Chairs and Ladders. No. 313 Public Schools Athletic No. 345 Official Handbook . C. A. A. League Official Handbook. Gymnasts of America. No. 308 Official Handbook New York Group XVI. Physical Cullure Interscholastic A. A. No. 161 10 Minutes Exercise for Busy Group XIIL AthleticAccomplishments Men. and Careof the Body No. 177 How to Swim. No. 149 Scientific Physical Training No. 296 Speed Swimming. No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- No. 128 HowtoRow. No.23Canoeing No. 185 Hints on Health. giene. No. 209 How to Become a Skater. No. 234 SchoolTactics and Maze Run- No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. No. 238 Muscle Building. ning. No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. No. 285 Health by Muscular Gym- No. 261 Tensing Exercises. nastics. Group XIV. Manly Sport No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- No. 18 Fencing. (By Breck.) No. 213 285 Health Answers. nastics. No. 165 Fencing. (By Senac.) No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises. No. 236 How to Wrestle. No. 330 Physical Training for the No. 102 Ground Tumbling. School and Class Room. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS Spalding "Red Cover" Series of Athletic Handbooks No. 1R. Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac. . . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 2R. Strokes and Science of Lawn Tennis. .'.. . . . Price 25c. No. 3R. Spalding's Official Golf Guide. .Price 25c. No. 4R. How to Play Golf. .... . ... Price 25c. No. 5R. Spalding's Official Cricket Guide.. ... . . 'Price 25c. No. 6R. Cricket and How to Play It. .......... Price 25c. No. 7R. Physical Training Simplified. .. . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 8R. The Art of Skating.. ........... . Price 25c No. 9R. How to Live 100 Years . . . . . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 10R. Single Stick Drill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 11R. Fencing Foil Work Illustrated . . . . . . . .. Price 25c. No. 12R. Exercises on the Side Horse. .......... Price 25c. No. 13R. Horizontal Bar Exercises. . . . . . . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 14R. Trapeze, Long Horse and Rope Exercises . . . . . Price 25c No. 15R. Exercises on the Flying Rings. . .... . Price 25c, No. 16R. Team Wand Drill. ..... ... rice 25c. No. 17R. Olympic Games, Stockholm. 1912.. ..... Price No. 18R. Wrestling. . . . . . . ..... No. 19R. Professional Wrestling. P ..... . . e2c No. 20R. How to Play Ice Hockey. . .... Prce 25c. No. 21R. Jiu Jitsu.. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... Price 25c. No. 22R. How to Swing Indian Clubs. .. . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 23R. Get Well; Keep Well. . . . . . . A * Price 25c. No. 24R. Dumb Bell Exercises. ... . . . . . . . . . . . Price 25c. No. 25R. Boxing ....... ........... Price 25c. No. 26R. Official Handbook National Squash Tennis Association. Price 25c No. 28R. Winter Sports .. . . . . . . . . . . .... Price 26c. /

10

A. WU. T b'ALUiNLU From Photograph Taken in San Francisco in November, 1879

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE Thirty-seventh Year 1913 11

0. L

12

JOHN B. FOSTER, Editor Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Mr. Foster is now Secretary of the New York National League Base Ball Club. ci. A ,'3290'; ) , t , .

Contents 13

- - - ---------------------- --

14

Introduction 15

Introduction In preparing this issue of SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE: for the season of 1913, it has occurred to the Editor that the season. of 1912, and the period which followed its completion, have been filled. with a great deal of unusual and uncommon vicissitude. In the first place the personnel of the National League, the oldest Base Ball organization in the world, has been greatly changed by rea- son of death and purchase of one franchise. New owners have brought. new faces into the game, and when the National League starts on this year's campaign there will be some younger but equally as ambitious men at the heads of some of the clubs. The players have effected an organization. That, too, is an incident of interest, for it is well within the memory of the Base Ball "fans" of this day what happened when another organization was perfected. in the past. For this organization it may be said that the members promise that it will be their object to bring about better deportment on the part of their own associates and that they will work their best for the advancement of Base Ball from a professional stand- point. If they do this they will be of benefit to the sport. If they work from selfish motives it is inevitable that eventually there will be a clash, as there was in the past. The last world's series which was played was the greatest special series of games which has been played in the history of the national pastime. There may have been single games and there may have been series which have attracted their full measure of interest from the Base Ball "fans," but there never has been a special series so filled with thrills and excitement as that between the New York and Boston clubs. The GUIDE this year enters into the subject thor- oughly with photographs and a story of the games and feels that the readers will enjoy the account of the contests. Some innovations have been attempted in this number of the, GuIDE which should interest Base Ball readers. Attention is called to the symposium by prominent Base Ball writers which brings tip a subject of interest in regard to future world's series. There are other special articles, including something about the Base Ball writers of the South, who have decided to organize a chapter of their own. .. The year 1912 was one of progress and advancement on thq pt of Base Ball throughout the world. To-day it not only is stroi ger than ever as America's national game but it is making fast progrss. in other countries because of the attractiveness of the pastitme. : The Editor of the GUIDE wishes its thousands of readers an sVere more enjoyable Base Ball year in 1918 than they ha4 in'1912. : is publication is now one of worldwide circulation, and carries ;e gospel of Base Ball, not only across the Atlanti'c ocean, but ac*s the Pacific ocean as well. One of these days it may be its p:roii e to report a series for the international championship, and then S:se Ball will have become the universal game of the wiorl4,: a;, pl toward which it is rapidly tending. THE EDITOR.

16

B. B. JOHNSON, President American League; Member National Commission. Copyright, 1905, by Chickering, Boston.

Editorial Comment 17

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 7 Editorial Comment BY JON B. FOSTER. Two more nativ h':ave been conquered PROGRESS OF by the national game' of the United States AMxERICA'S and a whole race has succumbed to the AMERCA'S fascinations of the greatest of all outdoor NATIONAL GAME sports. Both France andl Sweden have an- nounced their intention 'df organizing Base Ball leagues. That of Sweden is well under way. Indeed, they have a club in Stockholm and there are more to follow, while the French, who have gradually been awakening to the joys of athletic pastime in which they have hitherto chosen to.participate in other ways, hope to have a new league by the expiration of the present summer. There is no doubt as to their intention to play Base Ball. They are making efforts to procure suitable players from the United States to coach them and the French promoters of the sport are determined that their young men shall be given every opportunity to take advantage of the game of which they have heard so much and have seen so little. Last year in the GUIDE it was the pleasure of the editor to call attention to the fact that the Japanese had so thoroughly grasped Base Ball that they were bent on some day playing an American team for the international championship. It is not probable that such a series will take place within the next five years, but not improbable that it will take place within the next decade. When the Japanese learn to bat better, and with more effect, they will become more dangerous rivals to the peace of mind of the American players. They have grasped the general theory of the game amaz- ingly well, and they field well, but they have yet to develop some of those good old fashioned "clean up" hitters in which the "fans" of the United States revel. This season it comes to the attention of the editor of the GUIDE that more progress has been made in China in regard to Base Ball than in any fifty years preceding. True, there was not much Base Ball in the fifty years preceding, but' now there is. There is a league at Hong Kong. There are Base Ball teams at Shanghai and other cities. Dr. Eliot, former president of Harvard, who recently returned from a trip around the world, holds that Base Ball has done more to humanize and civilize the Chinese than any influence which has been introduced by foreigners, basing his statement on the fact that the introduction of the sport among the younger Chinese has exerted a tremendous restraint upon their gambling propensities. It is a rather queer fact that where the civilizations are older in the countries of the Occident there is a greater tendency to gamble, especially among the young, than there is in the newer America. Doubtless this is largely due to the lack of athletic pas- time. The young of those countries know little or nothing about simple amusements which are so popular in the United States, and acquire from their elders their knowledge of betting and taking part in games of chance, two evils which unquestionably have done much to degrade the race as a whole. Base Ball has caught the fancy of the younger generation and the boys. Once they get a ball and a bat in their hands they are better satisfied with them than with all the gambling devices which have been bequeathed to them by a long and eminent line of forefathers. So it would appear that the introduction of the national game

18

AUGUST ("GARRY") HERRMANN, Chairman National Committee. Bellsmith. Photo.

19

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 9 of the United States into China is likely to exert a humanizing influence which shall go further than legislation or sword, and It only the missionaries had grasped earlier the wishes and the tendency of the younger element of the Chinese population, the country might be further along than it is with its progressive movement. In the Philippine Islands the younger generation simply has gone wild over Base Ball. Progress has been noted in the GUIDE from time to time of the increase of interest but it is now at such a pitch that the boys of the Islands, wherever Base Ball has been Introduced, simply have deserted everything for it. They will play nothing else. The cockfights and the gambling games, which were also a part of the amusement of the younger men, have been given up. The little fellows who wear not much more than a breechclout play Base Ball. They have picked up many of the American terms and one of the most amusing of experiences is to stand outside the walls of old Manila and hear the little brown boys call: "Shoot it over. Line it out," and the like, returning to their native language, and jabbering excitedly in Filipino whenever they arrive at some point of play in which their command of English fails them. Twenty years from now a league including cities of the Philip. pines, China and Japan, is by no means out of the question, and it may be that the introduction of Base Ball into all three coun- tries will result in a better understanding between the peoples and perhaps bring all three races to a better frame of mind as relates to their personal ambitions and rivalries. In connection with the widespread influence which Base Ball is having on both sides of the world,.on the shores of the Pacific Ocean and on those of the Atlantic Ocean the editor would like to call attention to the theory which has been advanced by Mr. A. G. Spalding, the founder of the GUIDE, as to the efficacy of Base Ball for the purpose of training athletes, that has a world- wide application. Mr. Spalding contends that Base Ball has lent no small assist- ance to the athletes of the United States in helping them to win premier honors at the Olympic Games since their reintroduction. Mr. Spalding was the first American Commissioner to the Olympic Games appointed to that post, the honor being conferred upon him in 1900, when the late President McKinley gave him his commission to represent the United States at Paris in 1900. Mr. Spalding, with his analytical mind has reasoned out a theory which is undoubt- edly of great accuracy, and which is further corroborated by an interview given out in London-strangely enough ongthe same day that Mr. Spalding gave utterance to his Ideas in Los Angelesa--by Mr. J. E. Sullivan, American Commissioner to the Olympic Games at Stockholm last year, while returning to the United States after witnessing the triumphs of the Americans. Mr. Spalding said: "I cannot say that I am at all surprised at the result at Stock- holm. History has been repeating itself In this way ever since the celebration of the Olympic games was inaugurated at Athens. America won the victory there in 1896; she triumphed again at Paris in 1900; our athletes defeated the contestants at St. Louis in 1904; the victory was ours at London in 1908, and it was a foregone conclusion that we would win oat Stockholm. "But there is food for thought In this uninterrupted succession of triumphs. Why do our athletes always win?- All other things being equal, the contestants in the country holding the event should naturally come to the front. Their numbers are always greater than those from any other country and the home grounds influence is strong. However, that advantage has not in any case prevented American success.

20

21

SPALDING'S OF9ICIAL BASE BALL GUIBE. U "Therefore there must: ,eta cause. What is it? Measured by scale and tape, our athletet are not so much Auperior as a class. The theory of 'more beef' ,must be discarded. We may not lay claim to having all the best traineif of the world. We must look to somei other source for American prowess. "I may be a prejudiced judge, but I believe the whole secret of. these continued successes is to be found in the kind' of training that comes with the playing of A.lerica's national game, 'and our com- petitors ins other lands may":never 'hope to reach' the ,standard of American athletes until they learn this lesson and adopt our pastime. "The question, 'When should the training of a child' begin'?' has been wisely answered by the statement that it should antedate his birth. The training of Base Ball may not go back quite that far, but it approaches the time as nearly as practicable, for America starts training of future Olympian winners very early in l'e. Youngsters not yet big enough to attend school begin quickening their eyesight and sharpening their wits and strengthening the'r :hands and arms and legs by playing on base ball fields ready at 'hand in the meadows of farms, the commons of villages and the parks of cities all over the land.' Base ball combines running, jump- ing, throwing and everything that constitutes the athletic events of the Olympian ga . ut aboveall, it imparts. to the player 'that degree of confidence n competition, that indefinable something -that enables one athlete to win over another who may be his 'physical equal but who is lacking the American spirit begotten of 'base ball. "An analysis of the 1912 Olympian games shows that the Amer- ican showed to best advantage in contests where'the stress of com- petition was hardest. In the dashes they were supreme; in the hurdles they were in a class by themselves, and in the high jump and pole vault there was no one worthy of their steel. Whenever quick thinking and acting was required, an American was in front. Does not this fact prov ae tht the American game of base ball enables the player to determine in the fraction of a second what to dorm to defeat his contestant?" It may not be out of place to say a few WHAT A words in regard to the greatly increased cost of Base Ball. There are some sensa- SEASON OF tional writers whose hobby is to inform the * - OAI i rL<rOSTS! public about the great receipts in Base Ball. BASE BALJL COST v Usually they exaggerate from twenty-five to thirty-five per cent. Now as to the expense of Base Ball. Figures at an approximate for the National League will be offered. Railroad, expenses for mileage alone $300,000, including spring training trips. Hotel bills $65,000. Sleeping cars and meals en route, $30,000. Salaries to players, $480,000. Total, $875,000. Add to this $30,000 for the salaries of umpires and' their traveling expenses. That makes $905,000. Now not a penny has. been appropriated thus far for the salaries of' the president of the National League, the secretary and expendi- tures of the office. nor for the salaries of the business departments of the various clubs, nor for ground rents, taxes and a dozen and one other things, to say nothing of that well-known old item "wear and tear." The receipts of Base Ball barely cover these expenditures. The .alleged profits of Base Ball mostly are fanciful dreams of those who know nothing of the practical side of the sport and are stunned

22

(3i c o q o c1 W U co 4-a s_ § oc ' ODQsI

23

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. l S when they are made acquainted with the real financial problems which confront club owners. But the money that is contributed to the support of the gaze almost immediately finds its way back into public channels es than thirty per cent. of Base Ball clubs realize what a b' s man would call a fair return on the amount invested.& ' ~ A well-known writer on economic topics interviewed fri rs »f Base Ball clubs as to their income and outgo. One of'tfe bit known of the National League men took the writer into his olftie and spread the cash book of the club's business before him. ,; "You may go through it if you wish," said the owner, "but 'hae is the balance for the last day of the year.". It read as follows: Receipts, $250,505; expenditures, $246,44Y. "That's answer enough for me," said the writer. "I am through with any more essays on the affluence of Bast Ball 'magnates.' I think it would be better to extend them the hand of charity than the mailed fist." -The formation of an organization on the THE NEW part of the major league ball players during the closing days of the season of 1912 was ORGANIZATION looked upon with some misgivings by those OF PLAYERS who remember only too well what happened OFr PLAYER-aS when a prior organization of ball players was formed. In the present instance those foremost in perfecting the organiza- tion have also been foremost in asserting that the players' organiza- tion's principal aim is to co-operate with the club owners. If this object is followed with fidelity and to its ultimate con- clusion there is no necessity to fear any grave disturbances, but there is a dread--that dread which is the fear of the child that has had its hands burned by the flame, that a selfish coterie of players might obtain control of the organization, set up a policy of unscrupulous defiance and destructive opposition and retard for a moment the higher development of the game. There is no organization, either of unscrupulous Base Ball players or unscruplons club owners, which will ever find it possible to destroy organized Base Ball. The results that organized Base Ball have brought about will never be annihilated although grave injury could be temporarily wrought by a force defiant to the unusual demands made by the sport to perpetuate itself successfully. It is simply out of the question to control Base Ball as one would control the affairs of a department store. Base Ball has its com- mercial side, but its commercial side cannot maintain it with suc- cess. There must be a predominant factor based upon the encour- agement that brings forth admiration for a high class sport. This factor can only be fostered by the ability to maintain not one, but a group of high class teams. Any ball player imbued with the idea that the -- "stars" should be grouped together in the city best able to pay thbe highest salaries simply is an enemy to his career and to those ot his fellow players. Without some handicap to assist in the equalizing of the strength of Base Ball nines of the professional leagues there will be no teos- perity for the leagues or the clubs individually. No better evidente may be cited to prove this than the fact, repeatedly demonsted that in the smaller leagues Base Baln enthusiasts in the city tbt able to pay the largest salaries'frequently withdraw their support of the team because "it wins all the time." To-day Base Ball, in its professional atmosphere, is nearer an Ideal sport, a better managed sport, and a more fairly and equitably

24

!

25

15

26

"i;· Il·.··i-j;-· -· ·. I:: ':· :-· r·i i

27

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 17 gloves, and with the things our club already had, we were very well equipped. The Olympic Committee, Stockholm, then received a letter from the Olympic Committee, New York, saying that if a ame of Base Ball could be arranged for during the Olympian tames, they would bring two teams along on the Finland. The Olympic Committee cabled to come along, and sent us a copy of Mr. Sullivan's letter. I knew, of course, that if the game could be played by two American teams, it would be a much better game than if our team took part, and told the Olympic Committee, and wanted to withdraw, but as they did not know for sure how it would be,' told us to go ahead with the arrangements just the same, and so we did, and by the time the Finland arrived, everything had been arranged for. The Olympic Committee has selected the evening, 7 P. M., of the 10th of July, for the game, and thought that this would be suitable to the Americans, but as some of the players had to take part in the contests, Mr. Halpin would not risk them then, so it was finally decided that a game should be played the 15th, the Americans to play six innings between themselves and then six innings against us. Well, we had a game at the training grounds. We played six innings, and Mr. Halpin was kind enough to let us have a pitcher and catcher fromi his men. The score was 9 to 3, and it could just as well been 9 to 0, perhaps. Well, at any rate, it was the first Base Ball game, as far as I know, that ever took place in Europe between an American team and a European team, with England possibly excepted. Mr. Halpin said that the Americans were going to play a game the next morning between themselves, but that game -did not come off. There was probably no time for it, as the Finland left Stockholm the same day. Very likely the American boys were somewhat disappointed in not being able to play between themselves, as anticipated, and perhaps 'I should not have pushed our game ahead, but as long as there was a Base Ball team in Sweden, it would have been strange if it had not played, and it gave our boys a chance to see how the game should be played, and they certainly did take it in. Had the game been played as it was intended and advertised, oH the 10th in the Stadium, there would very likely have been a bigger crowd present, and the game would also have been more talked about in the papers, but then we will have to be satisfied as it is. Our club has been practicing all summer, twice a week, and on the 24th of August we gave an exhibition game here at Westeras, between two teams from our club, the suits made for the Olympic Games coming in very handy. I send you herewith a clipping from a local paper describing the game, and also a picture of the two teams with myself and the umpire included, At our game here we distributed the "Description of Base Ball," written by you and translated into Swedish, and it came of good use. Next year we intend to have our teams appear in the nearby cities around here, so as to give people a chance to see the game, and it will not be long before they will start it in Stockholm, so I think the game is bound to be popular here also. Mr. George Wright, of Boston, was the umpire at the Stockholm games, and as he was very kind to us, we would like to send him the picture of the club, and hope that you will forward us his address. I am, for Westeras Base Ball Club, Yours truly, EDWIN JOHNSON, Electrical Engineer.

28

29

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 19 Unlimited satisfaction must be had bJ' THE NEW all who are connected with Base Ball over NAT rsIONMAL the greatly improved conditions by which NATIONAL the season of 1913 is begun under th4 AGREEMENT new National Agreement. While it .*haps might be exaggerated boastfulness to affirm that Base Ball, as a professionally organized sport has attained perfection, it is not out of reason-indeed, quite within reason- to observe that Base Ball never had such a well balanced and per- fect organization as that by which it is regulated at the present time. The principal fact of congratulation lies 'in the safeguards and provisions which have been thrown around the players of the minor leagues and in the equitable and just measures which have been agreed upon to provide for their future. As a general rule it may be taken for granted that the players of the major leagues can take care of themselves. That is to say, their positions, if they are expert in their calling, and conscientious in their deportment, really take care of them. No club owner, unless he is maliciously or foolishly inclined, will jeopardize the interests of his team by acting in a wilfully unjust manner toward a player who is cheerfully and uprightly offering his services. We may hear of occasional exceptions to this condition of things, but if these occasional exceptions chance to arise, it is inevitably certain that the owner in the long run will suffer to a greater degree than the player with whom he deals unfairly. It is the history of Base Ball that more inequitable treatment has arisen by fifty per cent in the minor leagues than has had its origin in the major leagues. The reason for this existed almost wholly in the inability of Base Ball as a whole to bring the minor league owners to a realization of the injury that they might be doing and to extend such punishment and insist upon such regula- tion as were necessary to change this undesirable condition. By the organization of the National Association of Base Ball clubs the minor leagues, for the first time in their history, placed themselves in a position where they could demand proper en- forcement of regulations for the government of the sport, and by their alliance with the .major league clubs, under the articles of the National Agreement, a general working basis was effected whereby compliance with rules could be insisted upon. The result of this admirable condition of affairs is that wisdom and equity now rule where there once existed chaos and at times something akin to anarchy in sport. At no time in the history of the game, which is so dear to the hearts of the American people, has the general legislative and executive body been so well equipped by the adoption of pertinent and virile laws to insist upon justice to all concerned a! at the present moment. The new National Agreement is an improvement upon the old and the old was a long, long step in advance of anything which had preceded it. The mere fact that club owners and leagues were so willing to adopt a system better than its predecessor wholly confutes the absurd assertions of the radical element that there is no consideration shown for the player. To the contrary, every consideration has been shown to the player, but the latter must not confound with the. consideration shown to him the idea that his interests are the only interests at stake in Base Ball. The man who is willing to furnish the sinews of war has as good standing in court as the player who furnishes the base hits and the phenomenal catches.

30

THE "HABANA" TEAM-CHAMPIONS OF CUBA, 1912. Edward Laborde, Manager.

31

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 21 So perfect is the system which is being attempted to be set in force by the new National Agreement that the young man who now essays to play professional Base Ball may be assured of steady advancement in his profession and a generally improving condition if he will be as honest by his employer as he expects his employer to be honest by him. The graduated system ok assisting players, step by step, from the least important leagues to the most important is the most per- fect plan of its kind that has ever been devised. There may be flaws in it, but if there are they will be remedied, and if modifica- tions are necessary to make it more perfect there is no doubt that such modifications will be agreed upon. As proof of what the new National Agreement may do, although it has barely had time to be considered, the editor of the GUIDE would submit the following for consideration: Ever since the National Agreement was organized the members have always striven to aid the players in their efforts to gain the top rank in the great national game. They have had a hard proposition in handling all of the cases that have been brought to- their attention, but their decisions in all cases were absolutely fair and impartial. Then the matter of the new agreement occasioned many hours of laborious work on the part of the members of the Commission, and when the instrument was finally announced it meant that all of the parties to such an agreement were satisfied and that there could be no improvement. There was one detail that covered a wide field, and that was in the matter of players drafted by the two big leagues aid later sent back to the minors. Under the old National Agreemenit it was possible to pick up a. player by means of the annual draft from one of the Class C leagues and just before the opening of the season send him back to the club from whence he came without ever having given him a chance to land with a club in some higher organization. Realizing that such players were not given a chance to advance in the Base Ball profession, this matter was thoroughly thrashed out and the new ruling under which all of the National Agreement clubs operate was adopted. Now it is possible for a player in any of the smaller leagues to be drafted by a major league club, and when the latter party does not care to retain possession of such a. player he is first offered to the Class AA clubs. All of these clubs must waive on him before he can be dropped farther down in the list, and if such should be the case he would then be offered to the Class A clubs. In that way the player, although he is not fast enough to remain in the two major leagues, is always given a chance to advance, for if any of the clubs in those classes higher than that from which he came had grabbed him he was bound to receive an increase in salary. That meant that he had his chance to advance, and that was the sole purpose of the National Agreement in drafting such a rule, During the past drafting season there were sixty-nine players drafted by the two major league clubs, and of that number twenty- seven have already been sent back to -the minor leagues. The Class AA and A clubs claimed all of these twenty-seven, and it is more than likely that there will also be many more who will be given trials by the big league clubs during the spring training season and who may later be turned back to the minors. Of the twenty-seven players thus far sent back seventeen of them advanced in their profession, a tribute to the sagacity, wisdom and impartiality of 'the members of the National Commission. The decision, as announced by Chairman Herrmann of the National" ' Commission pertaining to this return of drafted players, is ai - follows:

32

33

28

A World's Series Problem 34

2/ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. A World's Series Problem Much discussion arose after the finish of the last world's series as to whether the adjustment of dates had worked satisfactorily The contention was that playing off a tie game on the ground where the game had been scheduled might work some inconvenience to "fans" and result in an inequitable allotment of dates, simply to conform to custom. It was asserted that the importance of the series demanded that it be a home-and-home affair, dates to alternate regularly, regardless of all ties or drawn games. To obtain opinion that is sound and practical the Editor of the GUIDE sent forth the following letter: NEW YORK, January 31, 1913. During the recent world's series it so happened that a tie was played in one of the cities, which compelled both teams to remain in that city for another date. Before the series was over this arrangement resulted in one club having five games on its home grounds and the other club having but three games on its home grounds. It has seemed to some that it is unjust. It is also contended that it is unfair to the patrons of the game to schedule a contest and then not play in the city specified after some had traveled many miles to see it. Will you please give the GUIDE your opinion as to whether a change would be advisable? Very truly yours, JOHN B. FOSTER, Editor Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Answers were received to the request for a "symposium of opinion" as follows: "So far as having any effect on the chances of the two teams is concerned, I don't think having to play more games on one ground than on the other makes any material difference. Where cities are sufficiently near each other for games to be alternated daily, it would perhaps be fairer to spectators to do so, irrespective of ties; yet it seems to me that a tie on one grounds should be played off the next day in the same city." W. B. HANNA, New York Sun. "In my opinion the arrangement on tie games in the post-season contests is a poor one. I saw the result of it in the series between the Cubs and White Sox last fall. Two tie games were played and the confusion and inconvenience it caused the fans was deplorable. It is unjust to the followers who support Base Ball. It is also unjust, in a small way, to the club which has to play two or more games on its opponent's field. Players when away from their home grounds, in a fall series, are more or less under a nervous strain. If there was confusion, inconvenience and difficulty in a local series as a result of a tie game, the folly of the arrangement must appear more absurd when towns like New York and Boston are involved. Dates should alternate, tie or not tie." OSCAR C. REICHOw, Chicago Daily News.

35

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 25 "We are in receipt of your favor of the 31st ult., and wish to thank you for the opportunity presented. "It is our opinion that a tie game was playea and it should be considered as a game. Either side had an opportunity to win and any advantage that the home club might have had was lost when it failed to break the tie. 'It is, therefore, our belief that this game should have been played in the other city. "As to it being unfair to the patrons who had traveled so far to see the scheduled contest, there is no doubt that they were afforded a sufficient amount of amusement and excitement for their trouble, in witnessing a closely played contest." J. G. T. SPINK, St. Louis Sporting News. "It seems to me that the game should be alternated between the contending cities regardless of ties. The tie game gave Boston five games on the home grounds, while the Giants had only three. Besides, many persons, who traveled to see the games in New York, were inconvenienced." JOHN E. WHEELER, New York Herald. "I think that the scheduled programme should be played through irrespective of the results of the respective games, and any extra playing or playing:off should be done after the originally set schedule is completed." H. P. BURCHELL, Sports Editor New York Times. "I believe it would be inadvisable to change the method that now prevails. While the situation which arose last season did seem unjust to the New York club, I think the very fact that Boston had five games on its home grounds, and the Giants but three on their own diamond, was an answer 'to those ill-advised skeptics who are always ready to raise the cry of hippodroming. "That same situation is not likely to again arise for a long time, and I believe the rule as it stands is a guarantee to the public of the strict honesty of the world's championship contests." _DAiMON RUNYON, The New York American. "A change in the rules regarding world series games would be fairer to the patrons of the sport. Here- in Chicago this past fall two ties were played and, as a result, there was considerable con- fusion over the ticket arrangements. How much more is the case when two cities are involved? A condition which allows five games to be played in one city and only three in another is scarcely fair to the two teams. By making a schedule calling for alternate games in each city, irrespective of ties, everybody-fans and players-would get an even break." MALCOLM MACLEAN, Base Ball Editor Chicago Evening Post. "I think it might be fairer to both world's series contenders to play a regular schedule, regardless of the fact that any tie games may arise in the series. Under the old system of playing the tie off in the city where the tie game is played, it brings about a great deal of confusion. Many fans make arrangements to see a game on a certain day and are greatly disappointed when the game is played in a different city. Of course, the old rule of playing the *play-off game on the same grounds as the tie game, is fair to both contesting clubs, as it is merely a matter of chance where a tie ; game is played." FRED. G. LIEB, New York Press.

36

26 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. "The rules regarding the manner of scheduling games for the world's series should not be dhanged. There are times when they apparently work a hardship to one team or the followers of one club, but, after all, they help to throw the necessary safeguards around the contests. As for the argument for not playing off a tie game on the same grounds, thus disarranging the dates and incon- veniencing the fans, patrons of the world's series games are accus- tomed to this, since bad weather frequently cuts into the event and causes postponements. "In a way it does not appear fair that one club should have the privilege of playing five games at home to three games at home for its opponents. The rule of playing off a tie game on the same grounds is a fixture in Base Ball. As to the other game, this was a question of the luck of the toss of the coin. "The fans have to trust to luck as to the number of games they will see in a world's series, this depending upon the number of games played and possibly upon the toss for a seventh battle. In 1905 the fans of Philad6lphia saw only two games in a world's series with New York. In 1910 only two games were played here in the series with Chicago. "Any time a club has three games on its own grounds in a series where four victories decide the issue either it or its followers have not much chance to raise an objection." WILLIAM G. WEART, The Evening T'elegraph. "It was, of course, to the disadvantage of the Giants to be obliged to play five of the eight games in the post-season series last fall on the grounds of their opponents, but this came as a result of one tie game on the Boston grounds and being outlucked on the toss to determine where the deciding game should be played. This tie game unquestionably caused much inconvenience to patrons because of the change in the schedule made necessary because of it. "It is not clear to me, however, just how these things can be remedied without disturbing the balance of an even break for both teams more violently than was the case last fall. "I do not believe there will be another series just like the one of 1912, and so, in my opinion, an immediate change in the conditions governing these series would not be advisable. It is not clear to me just what changes could be made. One club or the other is bound to have the advantage of an extra game on its own grounds, pro- viding seven games are necessary. The championship in nine- out of ten contests will be decided in seven games or less. "Then, as to having the games played according to an arbitrarily fixed schedule, so as not to inconvenience patrons-that would be out of the question, being open to the objection that it would then be possible to have every game that figures in the result of the series played on the home grounds of one of the contestants. For instance, tie games or unfavorable weather which would prevent a game being played in one city, would throw all the games to the other city where there might be no tie games nor unfavorable weather. That would mean four straight, if it so happened that the home team won the games, and the loser would never have gotten action on its own grounds. That would be considerably worse than five to three. "So it looks to me as if the patrons would have to take their chances in the future as they have in the past." JAMES C. O'LEARY, Boston Globe.

37

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 27 "It seems to me that it would be better to alternate (in case of ' a tie), as a team able to tie its opponent on a hostile field would be entitled to consideration for this performance. I am very certain, however, that the players of both clubs in the recent world's series were satisfied with an arrangement which minimized the amount of traveling they were called upon to do. "Persons who had seen a five-inning tie game terminated by rain would hardly be satisfied. It seems to me tl)at the rule as to alternating ball parks should be applied strictly. but only in case the tie game involved went nine innings or more." FRANCIS EATON, Sports Editor Boston Journal. "To me the feasible thing to do appears to be to insert a clause in stipulations covering all short series of a special character such as intercity, inter-league and world's series, making it com- pulsory for the teams to alternate between the cities or grounds of the competing clubs." PURVES T. KNOX, , New York Evening Telegram. "Why wouldn't it be a good scheme to toss up for the deciding game only in cases where an equal number of games had been played in each city, and, in cases where one city had seen more games than the other, to play the deciding game in the city which had seen the fewer games? "I do not believe it advisable to change the commission's rule regarding postponed games. The rule now provides that, in case of a postponement, the clubs shall remain in the city in which the game was scheduled until it is possible to play. If this rule were changed and there happened to be a week of bad weather, as in 1911, the teams -and many fans might be forced to travel back and forth from one town to another for a week without participating in or seeing a single game; and it might happen some time that the jump would be between St. Louis and Boston." -_____ R. W. LARDNER, Chicago Examiner. "A change in the rule governing the playing-off of tie games in the world's series should be made. The teams ought to appear in -each city on the dates named in the schedule drawn up before the series starts, unless the weather interferes." WILLIAM H. WRIGHT, · > New York Tribune. "Drawn games are as unavoidable as rainy days in world's series but not as frequent. They operate the same in their :effect on the contest for the world's pennant and in causing confusion among the patrons by disarranging the schedule. It would be manifestly unjust if, after a rain postponement, the competing teams did not remain and play the game off before playing elsewhere. That might result in playing all of the games in one city. Since drawn games are treated like postponed games in the regular season, and are of infrequent occurrence in world's series, any other arrange- ment than the present does not seem advisable. The patrons, who, should be considered always, would be among the first to object if each team did not have an equal show to win. In the last * series only four games that counted were played in Boston and three in New York and if New York had won the toss for the -deciding game the situation would have been reversed. It would be manifestly fairer to play the seventh game if necessary in some neutral city." 1. E. SANBORN, Chicago Tribune.

38

H. N. HEMPSTEAD, President New York National League Club.

New Faces in the Old League 39

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 29 New Faces in the Old League BY JOHN B. FOSTER. Not for some time has there been such a turning over of the leaves of history in the National League as during 1912-13, and because of this there are many new faces peering out of the album. There have alsd been changes in the minor circuits and one promi- nent change in the American League. The death of John T. Brush removed from Base Ball a dean of the National League. Wise in the lore of the game, a man more of the future than of the present, as he always foresaw that which some of his contemporaries were less alert in perceiving, it meant no easy task to be his successor. Prior to the death of Mr. Brush there was a great deal of curious and some idle speculation as to his ultimate successor in case of decease, or, in the event of his retirement because of bodily weariness. One or two went so far s to say that upon his death Andrew Freedman would return to prominence in Base Ball because he was the real owner of the New York club. Once and for all the writer would like to put the personal stamp of absolute denial on the repeated statements made by certain individuals in New York and Chicago that Andrew Freedman retained the control of the New York club after John T. Brush was reported to have purchased it. Mr. Freedman retained nothing of the kind. Not that Mr. Brush objected to him as a partner, but when Mr. Brush purchased the stock he purchased the control outright, although he did request Mr. Freedman to hold a few shares and not give up his personal interest in Base Ball, for Mr. Freedman had a great liking for the game in spite of his stormy career. The assertions that Mr. Freedman was the real owner and Mr. Brush the nominal owner were made. with malicious intent, of which the writer has proof, and through a desire, if possible, tO combat the popularity and the success of the Giants. 'This digression has been made to call attention to the fact that while rumor was plentiful as to the future control of the Giants Mr. Brush was carefully "grooming" a young man-his son-in-law, Mr. H. Hempstead-to take his place. To a few it was known that Mr. Hempstead was acquiring such experience and information as would be necessary to assume the control of an undertaking which has grown so huge as the organi- zation of the Giants in New York. The business details of the club have quadrupled and the cares and anxieties of the man at the head have increased in proportion. ; 3^ The Giants, as successful as they have been under the control of John T. Brush and John J. McGraw, the men who have been the executive heads in both the business and the playing departments of the game, are as susceptible to reverses as if thty were the lowliest club in the organization. It is only by constant and severe application that the club's affairs may be kept at the best pitch. Mr. Hempstead brings to Base Ball the advantage of youth a keen business sagacity developed beyond his years, coolness, a dis- position that is sunny and not easily ruffled, and a reputation for unvarying fairness and the highest type of business and sport Ideals. Quite a list of qualities, but they are there. IS characteristics of that description fail to maintain the high standard of the New York club, then it will be due to the fact that our standards of business deportment have turned topsy-turvy.

40

1, Benjamin S. Minor, President Washington Club; 2, S. P. Britton, Presi- dent St. Louis National League Club; 3, W. H. Locke, President Philadelphia National League Club; 4, Herman Nickerson, Secretary Boston National League Club; 5, D. C. Snyder, Secretary-Treasurer Philadelphia National League Club; 6, Leslie H. Constans, Secretary Pittsburgh Club; 7, Frank M. Stevens, a Director of the New York National League Club. NEW MAJOR LEAGUE OFFICIALS, 1913.

41

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. '1 William H. Locke is the new president and part owner of the Philadelphia club. He and Mr. Hempstead are the "junior" presi- dents of the league. There is no necessity for the Editor of the GUIDE to enter into any long and fulsorpe praise as to William H. Locke. His career speaks for itself and he speaks for himself. A young man of the finest attributes, he has brought nothing to the mill of Base Ball to grind except that which was the finest and the cleanest grain. The writer has known Mr. Locke almost, it seems, from boyhood and esteems him for his worth, not only as one who has adminis- tered the affairs of Base Ball with skill and intelligence, but as one who wrote of Base Ball with understanding and excellent taste, for it must not be forgotten that Mr. Locke is a newspaper grad- uate into the ranks of the great sport the affairs of which fill a little corner of the hearts of so many of America's citizens. Perhaps no young man ever left a newspaper office to become a Base Ball president with more good wishes behind him than William H. Locke. He served his apprenticeship as secretary of the Pittsburgh club and he served it well. He is a high class, delightful young man, every inch of him, and Philadelphia will soon become as proud of him as Pittsburgh is now. Still another newspaper writer has been claimed from the desk by the National League. He is Herman Nickerson, formerly sport- ing editor of the Boston Journal, who is now the secretary of the Boston National League club. "Nick" is known from one end of the National League circuit to the other as one ofthe most solid and substantial of the writing force, and also as one of the most demure and modest. In addi- tion to his great fund of information on Base Ball topics he is an author, and "The Sword of Bussy," a book which was published during the winter, is even more clever than some of the aiuthor's best Base Ball yars, and that is saying a great deal in behalf of a man wedded to Base Ball. Another change in the National League was the selection of Frank M. Stevens of New York, as one of the Board of Directors of the New York National League club. This brings into Base Ball one of New York's cleverest and brightest young business men, one who is forging so rapidly to the k. ~ front in business circles in the big metropolis that many an older head goes to him for advice. Mr. Stevens knows a lot about Base Ball. which is of even greater importance in the game, and is not afraid to swing any venture that will put with fairness a cham- ' ', pionship team into the big city. He is a son of Harry M. Stevens, whom everybody knows, rich and poor alike. In the American League the death of Mr. Thomas D. Noyes, president of the Washington club, a young man who left behind naught but friends, left a vacancy in the organization which was filled by the selection of Mr. Benjamin S. Minor. The new president of the club has had practical experience in Base Ball and perhaps plenty of it, as almost everybody has had in Washington, but he is a wideawake, -progressive and ambitious man, who is of just the type to keep' Base Ball going, now that it has struck its gait in the national capital, and the future of the sport looks all the brighter for his connection with it.

42

.M... 2s. w -A, -n 3, 'vrtn; -, mason; o, Jonnstone; 6, :mslie; 7, Brennan; S, Finneran; 9, Bush; 10, Klem. GROUP OF NATIONAL LEAGUE UMPIRES, 1912

The Umpires 43

BPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. U The Umpires The umpires are always with us, and the umpire problem has ' been a vexation of Base Ball since the beginning of Base Ball time, .yet neither the umpires, the public, the club owners nor the league officials need be discouraged, for it was fully proved in 1912 "that umpiring, as a fine art, has advanced a step nearer perfection. We may well doubt that perfection in its every quality shall ever be achieved, but we may all feel sanguine that it is possible to realize better results. It is true that some men make better umpires than others, exactly as some men make better ball players than others, but it is also true that if the men who find'it the hardest task to become the most expert umpires would be given a little more encourage- ment they might be a little more successful. ' To the staff of umpires of the National League and the Ameri- can League it is but fair to render a compliment for their work of 'last season. Some of them made mistakes but the general average of work on the part of the judges of play was excellent. There was less tendency on the part of the umpires to render their decisions without being in a position to follow the play cor- rectly. They were occasionally willing to concede that they might have been wrong when an analysis of the play was brought to their attention and they were firm in asserting discipline without becoming overheated on their own account. To the mind of the Editor of the GUIDE, in the general light of observation, the most serious blunders committed by the umpires in 1912 were in making decisions before the play took place. This did happen and more than once. To illustrate, by an example, the Editor of the GUIDE had exhibited to him some photographs taken during 1912 in which a player had been "waved out" before he actually had arrived at the base. Granting the desire of the umpires to be alert and ready to render decisions promptly, it is * equally apparent that giving decisions in advance of the completion of plays is likely to imbue the spectators with an Idea that the umpire is either partisan or incompetent. Young umpires, in their haste to "'make good" in the major leagues, are apt to overdo rather than fail to be on time. While it is not a pleasant subject to discuss, it is a fact that some umpires had been accustomed to use the very language to players on the field that they were presumed in their official ca- pacity as umpires to correct. The writer knows of instances where this took place. It has ever been the policy of the GUIDE to stand' for clean and 'high class Base Ball. Twenty per cent. more women attend ball games now than did ten years ago. Eighty per cent. more women spectators are likely to attend five years from now. To encourage their attendance every effort should be made to eliminate all dis- graceful conversation on the field. Wherever it may be ascertained that an umpire has used profane or vulgar langauge on the field the editor of the GUIDE believes that he should be fined and pun- ished as sternly as an offending player. It is contended that the position of the umpire has been rendered more arduous by reason of the world's series. The argument is advanced that the players are more intractable, by reason of their eagerness to play in the post-season games. That argument would be stronger were it not for the fact that some of the worst disturb- ances emanate from the players of the clubs that have no chance to play in the world's series. As a general rule two good reasons may be advanced for dis- putes on the part of players.

44

^-, -.., ul. -. = o, ^rernne; % Connoily; s, Sneridan; , n ;vans; 7, Westervelt; 8, O'Brien; 9, Egan; 10, Hart. GROUP OF AMERICAN LEAGUE UMPIRES, 1912

45

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 35 First: Desire to "cover up" the player's own blunder. Second: General "cussedhess." There are players who make honest objection on the excitement of the moment from sheer desire to win, but their lapses from Base Ball etiquette are so few and far between that their transgressions usually may be forgiven with some grace. The Editor of the GUIDE would offer one suggestion to league presidents and umpires; it is this: whenever two possible plays occur in conjunction, instruct the chief umpire always to turn to the spectators and inform them which player is out. For instance, if a player is at bat and another on the bases and two are out and an attempt is made to steal second, as the chief umpire calls the batter out on strikes the public should be clearly informed that the' batter is out. If the play looks close at second base the crowd frequently believes the runner has been called out and resents it accordingly. In line with the same play, when the runner is called out and the fourth ball at the same time is called on the batter, the chief umpire should turn to the spectators and to the press box and make it clearly understood that the batter has been given a base on balls. It saves a great deal of annoyance and fault finding. By the way, although it has been said elsewhere, the Editor of the GUIDE would beg the indulgence of repetition by stating that the work of the umpires during the world's series of 1912 was one of the finest exhibitions of its kind ever seen on a ball field, and somehow it seemed as if the players, would they but deport themselves during all series as they did during the world's series might find that there are more good umpires in the world after all than bad ones. . , , , *· '- '. * t2 * * I ' I s

46

.1

Base Ball Writers of the South 47

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 3T Base Ball Writers of the South While the Base Ball writers of the cities which comprise the Southern Association have no organized membership similar to. the Base Ball Writers' Association of the major leagues and the organizations which are best known as the class AA leagues, they are a clever, hard-working group of young men, who have labored ,In season and out of season, not only to build up Base Ball but to- build it up on the right lines. iExperience of more than a quarter of a century has most. ,abundantly proved that the standard of Base Ball has steadily \been elevated. It needs no compilation of fact nor any dogmatic- assertion on the part of the Editor of the GUIDE to attest that ' fact. It is a present condition which speaks for itself. The general tone of the players is far higher than it was and there- has come into evidence a marked improvement in the spirit of the. men who own Base Ball clubs. In the earlier history of the sport there was a tendency to win by any means that did not actually cross the line of dishonesty. Later there came a season when the commercial end of the game tended to encroach upon the limits of the pastime. This has been repressed in the- last two seasons and to-day the morale of Base Ball is of a higher- type than it ever has been in the history of the pastime. It is a high class sport in the main, managed by high class. men for high class purposes. Going through the early stages of building up a successful league, which, by the way, is the severest of all tasks, and even now at intervals confronted with changes in the league circuit,. the Southern writers have steadily been sowing the seeds of high, class Base Ball and they have seen results, prior to this date, for * Base Ball has become popular and has been handsomely and loy- ally supported in sections in which fifteen years ago it would have been considered impossible to achieve such results. It is true that business reverses and adverse conditions have had at times their effect upon Base Ball in the South and pos- sibly may produce similar results again, but the admirable offset to. this fact is that none of these conditions at any time has daunted the spirit and the resolution of the young men who have zealously been preaching the cause of clean and healthy Base Ball. Very likely to their zeal, their courage, their tact and their ability it is possible to ascribe the increase in good ball players which is making itself manifest in the South. More high class and. attractive athletes are coming from the Southern states in these' days than ever was the case before. Base Ball is very glad .to have them. When a representative major league team is made - -of players who represent every section in the Union, engaged tor ' their skill, it seems as if-Base Ball has become nearer an ideal and a national pastime than ever before in the history of the sport. To the Southern writers the members of the, Base Ball Writers" Association and those of the organizations patterned on like cliue send greeting.

48

. "a .

Base Ball Worth While 49

89

50

1, Zimmerman, Chicago, leading batter, most home runs and two-uase hits; 2, Hendrix, Pittsburgh. greatest percentage of victories; 3, Tesreau, New York, lowest average of runs earned off pitchers (a new record, see page 149); 4. Carey, Pittsburgh, most sacrifice hits and leading outfielder; 5, Bescher, Cincinnati, leader in stolen bases and most runs; 6, Wilson, Pittsburgh, leader in three-base hits; 7, Egan, Cincinnati, leading second baseman; 8, Daubert, Brooklyn, leading first baseman; 9, Wagner, Pittsburgh, leading shortstop; 10, Lobert, Philadelphia, leading third baseman; 11, Meyers, New York, lead- ing catcher. Photos by Conlon. NATIONAL LEAGUE PLAYERS IN THE SPALDING BASE BALL HALL OF FAME.

The Spalding Base Ball Hall of Fame 51

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 4 The Spalding Base Ball Hall of Fame (From Spalding's Official Base Ball Record.) New faces enter into the Spalding Base Ball "Hall of Fame" this year. The object of this "Hall of Fame" is not necessarily to portray the very top men of each department of the national game, for it frequently happens in these days, when players take part in only a few innings now and then, that they become entitled to mention in the records, although they do not bear the real brunt of the work. In the "Hall of Fame" will be found the men who might well be termed the "regulars." Day in and day out they were on the diamond, or ready to take their place on the diamond, if they were not injured. NATIONAL LEAGUE. First of all, Daubert has earned his place at first base for the season of 1912. Threatening in other years to become one of the group of leading players, he performed so well in the season past that there is no doubt as to his right. There is a new player at second base. The regularity with which Egan of Cincinnati performed for the Reds earned him a place' as the banner second baseman. At third base the honor goes to J. R. Lobert, the third base- man of the Philadelphia club. In this particular instance Lobert was crowded, not for efficiency, but in the number of games played by Byrne, third baseman of Pittsburgh, and Herzog, third base- man of New York. In the matter of chances undertaken on the field, Herzog surpassed both Lobert and Byrne, but, in justice to Lobert, the honor seems to be fairly deserved by him. John H. Wagner, the brilliant veteran of the Pittsburgh club, fought his way to thee position of shortstop in 1912. His fielding was better than that of his rivals and at times he played the position as only a man of his sterling worth can play, Owing to the fact that the able secretary of the National League, John A. H:eydler, has compiled two methods of comparing-pitchers, the "Hall of Fame" in the National League this year will include two faces.. They are those of Hendrix of the Pittsburgh club and Tesreau of the New York club. The former won the greater per- centage of games under the old rule in vogue of allotting per- centage upon victories. Tesreau, however, under a new rule which classifies pitchers by earned runs, easily led the league. The editor of the RECORD is very much inclined toward Mr. Heydler's earned run record; in fact, has suggested a record based upon the construction of making every pitcher responsible for runs and computing his average upon the percentage of runs for which he is responsible. That places Tesreau in the front row, with Mathewson second. There are two catchers who run a close race for the. "Hall of Fame" in 1912. They are Meyers of New York and Gibson ot Pittsburgh. Meyers caught by far the larger number of games, and, basing the work of catcher upon the average chances per game, seems to lead his Pittsburgh rival. Both men are sterling per- formers, and Meyers is an instance of the greatest improvement on the part of a catcher of any member of the major leagues. For the position of leading outfielder, all things considered, Carey of Pittsburgh is selected for the, "Hall of Fame." Not only did he play in the greatest number of games of any outfielder, but his general work in the outfield was sensational;

52

-

53

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 43 For the position of leading batsiman the "Hall of Fame honors Zimmerman, the powerful batter of 'the Chicago club. His work with the bat in 1912 approached in many ways' that of the high class and powerful batters of old. He batted steadily, with the exception of one very slight slump, and his work as battet undoubt- edly was of tremendous assistance to Chicago. Zimmerman .did not shine alone as the best batter, as he was also the leading maker of home runs and the best two-base hitter of the, season. That gives him a triple honor. The best three-base hitter of the league was the quiet Wilson of Pittsburgh. Though not so high in rank as a batsman as some of his contemporaries, there was none in the organizatia. who could equal his ability to get to third base on long hits. ' : r. Bescher, as in 1911, earned in 1912 the position of' leadkg base runner in the National League. He stole more bases than any other player of the league, and was 'also the best run getter- that is to say, scored rhore runs 'than any other player. AMERICAN LEAGUE. First of all comes Gandil for first base. His, greater number of games played and his steady work at first almost all of the season, as he did not join the Washingtons at the beginning of the season, places him in the "Hall of Fame" at first base. Rath -is a newcomer to the Chicago club, but by all around good work he earned the -place at second base. Not so heavy a batter as some of 'his rivals, he covered a great amount of ground for the Chicagos and steadied the infield throughout the year. For the position of shortstop, McBride of Washington is the logical selection. Day in and day out he was one of the most reliable shortstops in the American League. At third base John Turner of the Cleveland club retains the honor which he earned for himself in 1911. and he is one of the few players who is a member of the "Hall of Fame" two years in succession. In the outfield, for all around work, the place of honor goes to Amos Strunk, the young player of the Philadelphia club. He was in center field and in left fild, and he was a busy young man for 'most of the year. Pitching at a standard higher than the American League had seen for years, Wood of Boston is given the "Hall of Fame" honor as pitcher. His average of winning games was very high, and he was compelled to fight hard for many of his victories. The man who caught him seems entitled to be considered the leading catcher. He is Cady of Boston, although for hard work Carrigan, also of Boston, gives him a close race. Once more Cobb is the leading batsman of the American League. There was' none to dispute his right to the title. He was also leading batsman in 1911 and is another American League player who holds a position in the "Hall" two years in succession. The leading home run batter of the AmeriCan League was Baker of Philadelphia. He earned the same title in 1911. It is a double "Hall of Fame" distinction for him. Jackson of Cleveland enters the "Hall of Fame" by being the leading batter for three-base hits. Speaker of Boston becomes a member of the high honor group by being the leading batter of two-base hits. Lewis of Boston is the leading batter of sacrifice hits. Collins of Philadelphia was the best run getter'. Last, but by no means least, of all, Milan, the clever outfielder of Washington, is the best base stealer of the year, and, better than all the rest. earns his distinction in Joining the "Hall of Fame" by establishing a new record of stolen bases.

54

John Tomlinson Brush 55

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 46 John Tomlinson Brush BY JOHN B. FOSTER. John Tomlinson Brush was blbrn in Clintonville, N. Y., on June 15, 1845. He died November 26, 1912, near St. Charles, Mo., on hit way to California from New York, for his health. Left an orphan at the age of four years, he went to live at the home of his grand- father, int Hopkinton, where he remained until he was seventeen years old. At this age he left school and went to Boston, where he -obtained a position in a clothing establishment, a business with which he was identified up to his death. He worked as a clerk in several cities in the East, and finally went to Indianapolis in 1875 to open a clothing store. The store still occupies the same 'building, and Mr. Brush continued at the head of the business until his death. It was in the early '80s that he first became interested in Base Ball in Indianapolis, and he made himself both wealthy and famous as a promoter. In 1863 Mr. Brush enlisted in the First New York Artillery and served as a member of this body until it was discharged, at the ,close of the civil war. He was a charter member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R.; a thirty-third degree Scottish Rite Mason, and was also prominently identified with several social and com- mercial organizations of Indianapolis, notably the Columbia Club, -Commercial Club, Board of Trade, and the Mannerchor Society. In New York Mr. Brush took up membership in the Lambs' Club and the Larchmont Club.- For several years he made his headquarters at the Lambs' Club. Mr. Brush is survived by his widow, Mrs. Elsie Lombard Brush, and two daughters, Miss Natalie Brush and Mrs. Harry N. Hemp- stead. His first wife, Mrs. Agnes Ewart Brush, died in 1888. Mr. Brush's career in Base Ball, a sport to which he was devot- edly attached, and for which he had the highest ideals and aims, began with the Indianapolis club of the National League. It has been somewhat inaccurately stated that he entered Base Ball by chance. This was not, strictly speaking, the case. Prior tot his first immediate association with the national game he was an ardent admirer of the sport, although not connected with it in any capacity as owner. He was what might be called, with accurate description, a Base Ball "fan" in the earlier stages of development.; An opportunity presented itself by which it 'was'possible to pro-" cure for the city of Indianapolils a franchise in the National League. Mr. Brush was quick to perceive the advantages which. this might have in an advertising way for the city with which he' had cast his lot and subscribed to the stock. ., " . Like many such adventures in the early history of the sport theret came a time when the cares and the duties of the club had to be assumed by a single individual and it was then that he became actively identified as a managing owner, as the duty of caring for the club fell upon his shoulders. From that date, until the date of his death he was actively interested in every detail relating to Base Ball which might pertain to the advancement of the sport, and his principal effort in his future participation in the game was to see that it advanced on the lines of the strictest integrity and in such a manner that its foun- dation should be laid in the rock of permanent success. Naturally this was bound to bring him into conflict with some who looked upon Base Ball as an idle pastime, in-which-only-- the- present moment. was to be consulted. The earliest environment of Base Ball was not wholly of a sub- stantial nature. It was a game, intrinsically good of itself, In

56

TiH LATE JOHN T. BRUSH

57

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 47 which the hazards had always been against the weak. There was not that consideration of equity which would have been for its best interests, but this was not entirely the fault of the separate mem. bers of the Base Ball body, but the result of conditions, in which those whose thought was only for the moment, overshadowed the best interests of the pastime. There was an inequity in regulations governing the sport by which the clubs in the smaller cities were forced, against the will of their owners, to be-the weaker organizations, and possibly thil was less due to a desire upon the more-fortunate and larger clubs to maintain such a state of affairs, than to the fact that the organization generally had expanded upon lines with little regard to the future. The first general complaint arose from the players who composed the membership of the smaller clubs. They demurred at the fact that they were asked to perform equally as well as the players of the clubs in the larger cities at smaller salaries. Not that they did not try to do their best, for this they stoutly attempted under all conditions. It was the effect of a discrimination which was the result of the imperfect regulations that existed relative to the management of the game. This attitude of the plhyers resulted at length in the formation of a body known as the Brotherhood. To offset not the Brother. hood, but the cause which led to its formation, Mr. Brush devised the famous classification plan. Imperfectly understood in what it intended to do for the players, it was seized upon as a reason for the revolt of the players and the organization of the Brotherhood League. At heart it was the idea of Mr. Brush so to equalize salaries that the players of all clubs should be reimbursed in an equitable man- ner. As always had been the case, and probably always is likely to be, the players who received the larger salaries were in no mood to share with their weaker brothers any excess margin of pay which they thought that they had justly earned, and it was not a difficult matter for them to obtain the consent of players who might really have benefited by the plan to co-operate with them on the basis of comradeship. The motives of Mr. Brush were thoroughly misconstrued by some, and, if grasped by others, they were disregarded, because they con- flicted with their immediate temporary prosperity. The dead Base Ball organizer had looked further ahead than his time. His plan was born under the best of intentions. but .t unfor- tunately devolved upon the theory that players would be willing to share alike for their common good. Later in life, through another and unquestionably even better method, he succeeded in bringing forth a plan which attained the very end for which he sought in the '80s, but in the second resort, by a far more efficacious meth6d. The Brotherhood League came into existence and rivaled the National League. The players of the National League and the American Association deserted to Join the Brotherhood League, upon a platform that promised Utopia in Base Ball. Unquestion. ably it was the idea of the general Brotherhood organization that the National League would abandon the fight and succumb, but the National League owners were built of sterner stuff. They fought back resolutely and hard and while for a time they were combated by a. fickle opinion, based upon sentiment, it devel- oped within two months that the public had learned thoroughly the reasons for the organization of the new league and declined to lend It that support which had been predicted and expected. Meanwhile, Base Ball had received a setback greater thafn any which had befallen the sport in an organized sense from a pro- fessional standpoint.

58

48. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. The Brotherhood League was a pronounced and emphatic failure. This is not the verdict of personal opinion, but a record which is indelibly impressed upon Base Ball history. It was the theory of the Brotherhood League that it, in part, should be governed by representative players, but the players would not be governed by players. Discipline relaxed, teams did pretty much as they pleased, and the public remained away from the games. It may be added with truth that the National League games were not much better patronized, but that was due to the prevalent apathy in Base Ball affairs throughout the United States. When the Brotherhood League was formed and withdrew so many players from the National League the latter organization under- took to strengthen itself where it could and when Brooklyn and Cincinnati applied for membership in the circuit both were admitted. The New York National League club had lost many of its players and, upon the substitution of Cincinnati for Indianapolis in the National League circuit, procured from Mr. Brush many players of note, among them Rusie, Glasscock, Buckley. Bassett and Denny. Relative to the withdrawal of Indianapollis from the circuit it may be said that Mr. Brush flatly refused to give up his club, asserting stoutly that he was perfectly able to continue the fight, but when he felt that the exigencies of the occasion demanded that Cincinnati become a member, he agreed to give up the fran- chise, providing that he be permitted to retain his membership in the National League, and transfer such of his players as New York desired to the latter city. It has been alleged that he demanded an exorbitant price from New York for the transfer of the players. This is untrue. He asked the price of his franchise, the value of his players, and the worth of giving up a Base Ball year in a city in which there was to be no conflicting club and, as he had expressed full confidence in his ability to make a winning fight for the National League, it was agreed that his rights to be considered could not be overlooked. To retain his National League member- ship he accepted stock in the New York club. : Toward the close of the Base Ball season the Brotherhood League dealt what it believed to be a death blow to the National League by the purchase of the Cincinnati franchise. It proved to be a boomerang, for before the first day of January, 1891, the Brother- hood League had passed out of existence. The backers of the organization, tired of the general conduct of the sport, were only too willing to come to an acceptable agreement and retire. A. G. Spalding, John T. Brush, Frank De Hass Robison, Charles E. Byrne and A. H. Soden were prominent members of the National League itn bringing this result about. Of these, Mr. Spalding and 'Mr. Soden survive, but have retired from active participation in Base Ball affairs. * It was through this settlement, resulting upon the Base Ball war; that Mr. Brush's activities were turned toward Cincinnati. The National League had a. franchise in that city, but no one to operate it. Mr. Brush agreed to take up the franchise and attempt to operate and rebuild that club. That, however, is a detail which relates purely to the continuance of a major league circuit. The next most noticeable achievement in Mr. Brush's Base Ball career and, to the mind of more than one, the greatest successful undertaking in the history of the game, was a complete revolution in the distribution of financial returns. By his success in effecting this Mr. Brush brought about the very purpose which he had sought to attain by his classification plan. But the method was better, for the instruments of this readjust- ment of conditions were the owners and not the players. Briefly, It was the following: There was still war in Base Ball between the American Associa-

59

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 49 tion and the National League. Recognizing that the best method to bring about a cessation of this war was to effect an amalgama- tion of the conflicting forces Mr. Brush sought. with the assistance of others, to weld both leagues into one. 'He was aided in this task, though indirectly, because A. G. Spalding was actively out of Base Ball, by that gentleman, Frank De Hass Robison, Christopher Von der Ahe, and Francis C. Richter, editor of "Sporting Life" of Philadelphia. The writer also essayed in the task in an advisory capacity. The amalgamation was brought about, though not without some opposition; indeed, much opposition. It was conceded at that time that a twelve-club league, which was the object sought, was cum- bersome and unwieldy, but there was no other plan of possible accomplishment which suggested itself. But the principal consideration and the result accomplished in this consolidation of leagues was that all gate receipts should be divided, share and share alike, so far as general admissions were concerned. That was the greatest and most far-reaching achievement in the history of Base Ball. Prior to that time the principle of a fixed guarantee for each game played had given each home club a stu- pendous bulk of the sums paid by the public toward the maintain- ance of the sport. The inevitable outcome of such an arrangement was that the clubs in the larger cities completely overshadowed the clubs in the smaller cities. The teams in the cities of less population were expected to try to place rival organizations on the field that would equal in play- ing strength those of New York, Boston and Chicago, but they were unable to do so unless their owners were willing to go on year after year with large deficits staring them in the face. When Mr. Brush and his associates succeeded in placing Base Ball upon a plane of absolute fairness, so far as the proper distribution of the returns of the sport could be made between clubs, Base Ball began to prosper, and, for the first time in all its history, the owners of so-called smaller clubs felt that they could go forward and try to rival their bigger fellows with equally. strong com- binations. More than that, and which to the ball player is most important of all, it "jumped" the salaries of the players in the smaller clubs until they were on equal terms with their fellow players in the larger clubs, so that Mr. Brush helped to accomplish by this plan the very aim which he had at heart when he proposed the classifi- cation plan-a just, impartial and equal reimbursement to every player in the game, so far as the finances of each club would permit -and without that bane to all players, a salary limit. Thus, while it is always probable that some players may receive <- . more than others, based upon their preponderance of skill, it is now a fact that two-thirds of the major league bail players of the present day owe their handsome salaries to the system which John T. Brush so earnestly urged and for which he fought against odds which would have daunted a man with less fixity of purpose. Having brought forth this new condition in Base Ball, which was so just that its results almost immediately began to make them- selves manifest, the owner of the Cincinnati club devoted his time and his energies to the endeavor to place a, championship club in Cincinnati. He never was successful in that purpose, although his ill fortune was no greater than that of his predecessors. The time came that Mr. Brush learned that the New York Base Ball Club could be purchased. He obtained the stock necessary to make him owner of the New York organization from Mr. Andrew Freedman, but before he did so another Base Ball war had begun between the National League and the American League, a disagree-

60

50 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. ment starting from the simplest, of causes, but which, like many another such disagreement, resulted in the most damaging of con- ditions to the prosperity of the pastime. As had been the case in the prior war brought about by the organization of the Brotherhood League, Mr. Brush fought staunchly for his rights. Prominent National League players were taken by the American League clubs, and this brought retaliation. At length the National League opened negotiations to obtain certain American League players and succeeded in doing so. Among these were the manager of the Baltimore club, John J. McGraw, who felt that he was acting perfectly within his rights in joining the New York National League club. Directly upon his acceptance of the management of the New York club Mr. Brush became its owner and the era of prosperity was inaugurated in New York, which was soon enjoyed by every club throughout the United States. In its first year under the new management the team was not in condition to make a good fight, but the next year it was ready and since then has won four National League championships and one World's Championship. In the spring of 1911, at the very dawn of the National League season, the grand stand of the New York National League club burned to the ground. A man less determined would have been overcome by such a blow. Nothing daunted and while the flames were not yet quenched, Mr. Brush sent for engineers to devise plans for the magnificent stadium which bears his name and which, on the Polo Grounds in New York is one of the greatest and the most massive monument to professional Base Ball in the world. In connection with this wonderful new edifice of steel and stone, which is one of the wonders of the new world, it is appropriate to add that two world's series have been played on the field of the Polo Grounds since it has been erected. The rules for these world's series were formulated and adopted upon the suggestion and by the advice of Mr. Brush. and since a regular world's series season has been a feature of Base Ball the national game has progressed with even greater strides than was the case in the past. At a meeting of the National League the following resolutions were adopted: Whereas, The death of Mr. John T. Brush, president of the New York National League Base Ball Club, comes as a sad blow to organized professional Base Ball and particularly to us, his associates in the National League. As the dean of organized professional Base Ball, his wise counsel, his unerring judgment, his fighting quali- ties and withal his eminent fairness and integrity in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the national game will be surely missed. He was a citizen of sterling worth, of high moral standards and of correct business principles, and his death is not only a grievous loss to us, but to the com- munity at large as well. Be it, therefore, Resolved, That the members of the National League of Professional. Base Ball Clubs, in session to-day, express their profound grief at the loss of their friend, associate and counsellor and extend to the members of his bereaved family their sincere sympathy in the great loss which they have sustained by his death. Be it further -Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be spread -on the records of the league.

61

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 51 In connection with the death of Mr. Brush Ban Johnson, president of the American League, said: "Mr. Brush was a power in Base Ball. He will be missed as much in the American League as in the National League." More than three hundred friends, relatives, business acquaintances, lodge brothers and Base Ball associates attended the funeral of Mr. Brush on Friday, November 29, at St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Indianapolis. Fifty or more of Mr. Brush's Base Ball associates and acquaintances, principally from the East. were present. The service was conducted by the Rev. Lewis Brown, rector of St. Paul's, and was followed by a Scottish Rite ceremony in charge of William Geake, Sr., of Fort Wayne, acting thrice potent master, and official head of the thirty-third degree in Indiana. The Scottish Rite delegation numbered more than 150. There were also in at- tendance fifty Knights Templars of Rapier Commandery, under the leadership of Eminent Commander E. J. Scoonover. The Grand Army of the Republic, the Indianapolis Commercial Club and a number of local and out-of-town clubs and social organ- izations of which Mr. Brush was a member also were represented. The Episcopal service was given impressively. The Rev. Dr. Brown, in reviewing the life of Mr. Brush, spoke of him as one of the remarkable men of America, who, in his youth, gave no promise of being in later life a national figure. In the course of his remarks Dr. Brown said: "The death of John Tomlinson Brush removes from our midst one of the most remarkable men of our generation. His life was that of a typical American. He began in the most unpretentious manner and died a figure of national importance. "He went through the Civil War so quietly that the fact was unknown to some of his most intimate friends. He was mustered out with honor and entered the business world in Indianapolis. His labors here -* f eput him at the forefront for sagacity, squareness, honorable treatment and generosity. "His love of sport made him a patron of the national game. In a perfectly natural way, he went from man- ager of the local team to proprietor of the New York Giants. He was a Bismarck in plan and a Napoleon in execution. His aim was pre-eminence and he won place by the consent of all. The recent spectacular L-4 outpouring of people and colossal financial exhibit in the struggle for the pennant between New York and Boston were but the legitimate outcome of his mar- velous skill. "He was an early member of the Masonic fraternity. c*-l, 'He took his Blue Lodge degree in his native town and to demonstrate his attachment he never removed his membership. Where he had been raised to the sublime degree of a master there he wished to keep his affiliation always. "He became a Knight Templar in Rapier Command- ery and was one of its past eminent commanders. He was a member of the Scottish -Rite bodies in the Valley of Indianapolis in the early days and performed his work with a ritual perfection unsurpassed. He received the thirty-third and last degree as a merited honor for proficiency and zeal. "The conspicuous feature of his life was its indom- itable purpose."

62

I,

THE WORLD'S SERIES OF 1912 63

83

64

i · ' *L, ;: ·.,,x ;:·- -·?-· : *aa .;:.:··.· -· ' ' '

65

66

gerald, of Boston;T-r-e-a-s-u-rer`' .. ew xork City; Mayor Fitz. gerald, of Boston;Treasurer 'John Whalen, of the New York Club; R. A. C. Smith, of New York. President McAleer, of the Boston Americans and Mrs. McAleer. A. G. Spalding, who never misses a world series. The official reporters-F. C. Richter, of Sporting Life, Philadelphia, and J. T. G. Spink, of the Sporting News, St. Louis. SCENES AT THE WORLD SERIES, 1912.

67

67

68

·i iii· :"·-: :·· · b ....- I "· :·.·:· ·:· :- r- . ,·: -·r·· i·.-: ."·F..· ,. :.i·· ii .,··-

69

Rigler making an infield decision. Yerkes safe on triple in fifth game. efforts, and when Fletcher came to the plate Wood was using all. the speed with which he was possessed. It was evident that Fletcher's sole desire was to bat the ball safely to right field, for if he did so, both of the runners could cross the plate and the Giants would win. Twice he met the ball, and both times it sailed in the right direction, but with no result, as it was foul. Then he struck out. Crandall, perhaps one of the best pinch hitters in- the major leagues, also struck out, and the Boston enthusiasts who were present fell back in their chairs from sheer exhaustion, but when they had recovered, with their band leading them, marched across the field and cheered Mayor Fitzgerald of Boston, who was present as a spectator of the contest in company with Mayor Gaynor of New York. Governor Foss of Massachusetts was also present at the opening of the game. Klem umpired behind the bat in this game. OD In the second game of the series, which SECOND GAME was played October 9 at Boston, Mathewson Boston, Oc 9, 1912. pitched for the New York team and Collins, NeYork 6; Boston 6. Hall and Bedient for Boston. The game re- NewYork 6;Bosto)6. sulted in a tie, .6 to 6, at the end of the (eleven innings) . eleventh inning, being called on ac.court of Hits-O Collins 9,off darkness by Umpire O'Loughlin, who wes Hall2; Mathewson . acting behind the plate. This contest was Struck out-Collins 5, remarkable more for the misplays of the Bddientl;Mathewson4 New York players, which gave the Bostons Bases on balls-Hall a chance to save themselves from defeat, 4, Bedient 1. than for any undue familiarity with the Attendance 30,148 pitching of Mathewson. It was the universal opinion of partisans of both' teams that Mathewson deserved to win because he outpitched his opponents. The weather was fair and the ground in excellent condition. In the first inning Snodgrass began with a clean two-base hit into the left field seatsbut neither Doyle, Becker nor Murray was able to help him across the plate. A run scored in that inning, with such a fine start, would probably have won the game for the Giants. In Boston's half Hooper hit safely to center field and stole sec- ond base. Yerkes batted a line drive to Fletcher, and had the New York shortstop held the ball, which was not difficult to catch, Hooper could easily have been doubled at second, but Fletcher *

70

-.^ It,. A--- As .1>Aw V_1 lo . .- -

71

Speaker safe on second. Fletcher making a put-out. muffed it. Speaker hit safely toward third base, filling the bases. Lewis batted to Herzog, who made a fine ,play on the ball and caught Hooper at the plate. This should have been the third out and would have retired Boston without a run. Gardner was put out by a combination play on the part of Mathewson, Doyle and- Merkle, scoring Yerkes, and Stahl came through with a hard line hit for a base, which scored Speaker and Lewis. The inning net- ted Boston three runs, which were not earned. With one out in the second inning Herzog batted for three bases to center field and scored on Meyers' single. Fletcher flied out and Mathewson forced Meyers out. Hooper got a two-base hit in the same inning, but two were out at the time and Fletcher easily threw out Yerkes, who was the next batter. In the fourth inning Murray began with a clean three-base hit to center field. Merkle fouled out to the third baseman, but Herzog's long fly to Speaker was an excellent sacrifice and Murray scored. Meyers again hit for a single, but was left on the bases. The Bostons got this run back in the last half of the fifth. With one out Hooper hit to center field for a base, his third hit in succession against Mathewson. Yerkes batted a three-bagger out of the reach of Snodgrass and Hooper scored. Murray batted safely in the sixth, with one out, but died trying to steal sec- ond, Carrigan catching for Boston. In the Boston's half of the sixth Lewis began with a single and got as far as third base, but could not score. The Giants started bravely in the seventh when Herzog hit the ball for a base and. stole second. There were three chances to get him home, but Meyers, who had been hitting Collins hard, failed to make a single and Fletcher and Mathewson were both retired. In the eighth the New York players made one of the game ral- lies for which they became famed all through the series and went ahead of their rivals. Snodgrass was the first batter and lifted an easy fly to Lewis. The Boston player got directly under the ball and made a square muff of it. Doyle followed along with a sharp hit to center field for a base and although he was forced out by Becker, the latter drove the ball hard. Murray came through with a long two-bagger to left center and Snodgrass and Becker scored. That tied the score and also put an end to Col- lins' work in the box; Stahl took him out and substituted Hall. Merkle fouled weakly to the catcher, but Herzog caught the ball on the nose and hit sharp and clean to center field for two bases,

72

A GROUP OF BOSTON AMERICANS-WORLD'S CHAMPIONS. Conlon, Photos.

73

63

74

I

75

SPALDING'SI

76

77

67

78

-, ---- , -., -v,..Io, u, ivup , S peaKer; a, , V lrien., A GROUP OF BOSTON AMERICANS-WORLD'S CHAMPIONS. Conlon, Photos.

79

80

81

82

' --- -- -u j , --- i &JUJ1 Up V UUU. A GROUP OF NEW YORK GIANTS-NATIONAL LEAGUE CHAMPIONS. Conlon, Photos.

83

84

_ _

85

75

86

1, Carrigan; a, Stahl; 3, Bedlent; 4, Engle; 5, Nunamaker. A GROUP OF BOSTON AMERICANS-WORLD'S CHAMPIONS. Conlon, Photo.

87

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDB. 77 The scores of the games are as follows FIRST GAME. , BOSTON. AB.R.H.P.A.E. NEW YORK. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Hooper, r. f.......... 31 11, 00 Devore, 1. f............ 8 10 0 00 Yerkes, 2b............ 4 0 1 0 1 0 Doyle, 2b ..............4 12 2 70 Speaker, c. f ......... 3 1 1 0 0 Snodgrass, c. f ....... 4 01 2 0 0 Lewis, 1. f........... 4 0 0 2 00 Murray, r. f .......... 3 1 1 00 Gardner, 3b .......... 4 0 0 1 0 Merkle, lb............ 4 1 112 0 0 Stahl, lb.............. 40 0 6 10 Herzog, 3b............ 40 2 1 1 0 Wagner, ss .......... 3 1 2 5 3 1 Meyers, c............. 3 0 1 6 1 0 Cady, c...............3 0 111 0 Fletcher, ss........... 4 0 0 3 1, 1 Wood, p............... 31 0 1 10 Tesreau, p ............ 2 00020 *McCormick .........1 0 0 00 0 Crandall, p........... 1 0 0 0 0 tBecker ..............0 0 0 0 0 Totals ..............31 4 6 27 9 1 Totals ..............33 3 8 2713 1 * McCormick batted for Tesreau in seventh inning. t Becker ran for Meyers in ninth inning. Boston ............................ 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0-4 New York ........................... 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1-3 Sacrifice hits-Hooper, Cady. Two-base hits-Hooper, Wagner, Doyle. Three-base hit-Speaker. Double play-Stahl and Wood. Pitching record- Off Tesreau, 5 hits and 4 runs in 25 times at bat in 7 innings; off Cran- dall, 1 hit, 0 runs in 6 times at bat in 2 innings. Struck out-By Wood 11, Devore, Snodgrass, Merkle, Herzog, Meyers, Fletcher 3, Tesreau 2, Cran- dall; by Tesreau 4, Hooper, Speaker, Stahl, Gardner; by Crandall 2, Stahl, Gardner. Bases on balls-By Wood 2, Devore, Murray; by Tesreau 4, Hooper, Speaker, Wagner, Wood. First base on errors-Boston 1, New York 1. Fumbles-Wagner, Fletcher. Hit by pitched ball-By Wood, Meyers. Left on bases-Boston 6, New York 6. Umpires--Klem and Evans; field umpires-Rigler and O'Loughlin. Scorers-Richter and Spink. Time of game-2.10. Weather-Clear and warm. BeL^~. ~SECOND GAME. NEW YORK. AB.R.H.P.A.E. BOSTON. · AB.R.H.P.A.E. Snodgrass, 1. f.-r. f.. 4 1 1 0 0 0 Hooper, r. f.......... 5 1 3 3 0 0 Doyle, 2b ..............5 0 1 2 5 0 Yerkes, 2b............ 5 1 1 3 40 Becker, c. f .......... 4 1 .0 0 0 Speaker, c. f......... 5 2 2 2 0 0 Murray, r. f.-l. f.... 5 23 ' 0 0 Lewis, 1. f ........... 5 22 2 0 1 Merkle, lb............ 5 1 119 0 1 Gardner, 3b ........... 4 00 2 00 Herzog, 3b............ 4 1 3 2 4 0 Stahl, lb .............. 5 0 210 0 0 Meyers, c............. 4 0 2 5 0 0 Wagner, ss........... 5 00 5 5 0 Fletcher, ss........... 4 0 0 1 3 3 Carrigan, c........... 5 0 0 6 4 0 *McCormick ......... 0 00 0 00 Collins, p .............3 00 0 10 Mathewson, p......... 5 0 0 1 6 0 Hall, p................ 1 0 0 0 0 tShafer, ss........... 0 0 00 3 0 Bedient, p ............1 0 0 0 0 $ Wilson, c............ 0 0 0 0 1 1 Totals ..............40 61133 23 5 Totals ..............44 610 3314 1 * McCormick batted for Fletcher in tenth inning. t Shafer ran for Meyers in tenth inning and succeeded Fletcher as shortstop in same inning. $ Wilson succeeded Meyers as catcher in tenth inning. New York ................ 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 1 0-6 Boston .....................3 0 0 0 1 -0 0 1 0 1 0-6 Left on bases-New York 9, Boston 6. First base on errors-New York 1, Boston 3. Two-base hits-Snodgrass, Murray, Herzog, Lewis 2, Hooper. Three-base hits-Murray, Merkle, Herzog, Yerkes, Speaker. Stolen bases- Snodgrass, Herzog, Hooper 2, Stahl. Sacrifice hit-Gardner. Sacrifice flies -Herzog, McCormick. Double play-Fletcher and Herzog. Pitching ree- ord-Off Collins, 9 hits and 3 runs in 30 times at bat in 71-3 innings; off Hall, 2 hits and 3 runs in 9 times at bat in 2 2-3 innings; off Bedient, no hits or runs in 1 time at bat in 1 inning. Struck out-By Mathewson 4, Stahl, Collins 2, Wagner; by Collins 5, Doyle, Merkle, Mathewson 2, Snod-

88

89

24 times at bat in 7 innings; off Ames, 3 hits and 1 run in 8 times at bat in 2 innings. Struck out-By Wood 8, Devore, Snodgrass. Murray 2, Merkle 2, Meyers, Tesreau; by Tesreau 5, Lewis, Stahl, Wagner, Cady 2. Bases on balls-By Tesreau 2, Hooper, Gardner; by Ames 1, Wagner. Fumble-Wagner. Wild throw-Meyers. Wild pitch-Tesreau. Umpires- Rigler and ,O'Loughlin; field umpires-Evans and Klein. Scorers-Richter and Spink. Time of game-2.06. Weather-Cool and cloudy, and ground heavy. FIFTH GAME. BOSTON. AB.R.H.P.A.E. NEW YORK. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Hooper, r. f .......... 4 1 2 4 0 0 Devore, 1. f ........... 2 0 0 0 0 0 Yerkes, 2b ............4 1 1 3 3 0 Doyle, 2b .............. 4 0 0 0 3 1 Speaker, c. f ......... 3 0 1 3 0 0 Snodgrass, c. f ....... 4 0 0 2 0 0 Lewis, 1. f ............ 3 0 0 1 0 0 Murray, r. f .......... 3 0 0 0 1 0 Gardner, 3b ........... 3 0 0 3 2 1 Merkle, lb ............ 4 1 115 0 0 Stahl, lb .............. 3 0 0 7 0 0 Herzog, 3b ............ 4 0 0 2 3 0 Wagner, ss............ 3 0 1 1 1 0 Meyers, c ............. 3 0 1 2 0 0 Cady, c .............. 3 0 0 5 0 0 Fletcher, ss...........2 0 0 2 2 0 Bedient, p ............ 3 0 0 0 0 0 *McCormick .........1 0 0 0 0 0 tShafer, ss ........... 0 0 0 1 1 0 Mathewson, p ........ 3 0 1 0 3 0 Totals .............. 29 2 5 27 6 1 Totals ..............30 1 3 2413 1 : * McCormick batted for Fletcher in seventh Inning. t Shafer rah for McCormick in seventh inning and then played shortstop. Boston ................................ 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 x-2 New York .................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0-1 Left on bases-New York 5, Boston 3. First base on errors-New. York 1, Boston 1. Two-base hit-Merkle. Three-base hits-HIooper, Yerkes. Double play-Wagner, Yerkes and Stahl. Struck out-By Mathewson 2, Gardner, Wagner; by Bedient 4, Devore, Snodgrass, Merkle, Mathewsou. Bases on balls-By Bedient 3, Devore 2, Murray. Fumbles-Doyle, Gardner. Umpires -O'Loughlin and Rigler; field umpires-Klem and Evans. Scorers-Richter and Spink. Time of game-1.43. Weather-W arm and cloudy. SIXTH GAME. NEW YORK. AB.R.H.P.A.E. BOSTON. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Devore, 1. f ........... 4 0 1 2 0 1 Hooper, r. f .......... 4 0 1 2 2 0 Doyle, 2b .............. 4 1 1 1 1 0 Yerkes, 2b ............ 4 0 2 3 1 1 Snodgrass, c. f....... 4 0 1 6 0 0 Speaker, c. f ......... 3 0 0 5 0-0 Murray, r. f... 3 1 2 7 0 0 Leis, 1..................... 40 0 0 0 0 Merkle, lb ............ 3 1 2 4 1 0 Gardner, 3b ...........4 1 0 0 1 0 Herzog, 3b ............ 3 1 1 1 1 0 Stahl, lb ..............4 1 2 8 0 0 M<- Meyers, c ............. 3 1 2 6 0 0 Wagner, 3b ........... 4 0 0 3 0 0 Fletcher, ss .......... 3 0 1 0 2 0 Cady, c ................3 0 1 3 2 1 Marquard, p .......... 3 0 0 0 2 1 O'Brien, p ............ 0 0 0 0 1 0 *Engle ................ 1 0 1 0 0 0 4» . Collins, p............. 2 0 0 0 2 0 Totals ..............30 5 11 27 7 2 Totals ..............33 2 7 24 9 2 * Engle batted for O'Brien in second inning. New York ........................... 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x-5 Boston ............................... 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-2 Left on oases-Boston 5, New York 1. First base on errors-Boston 1. Two-base hits-Engle, Merkle, Herzog. Three-base hit-Meyers. Stolen · bases-Speaker, Doyle, Herzog, Meyers. Double plays-Fletcher, Doyle and Merkle; Hooper and Stahl. Pitching record-Off O'Brien, 6 hits and 5 runs in 8 times at bat in 1 inning; off Collins, 5 hits and 0 runs in 22 times at bat in 7 innings. Struck out-By Marquard 3, Wagner, Gardner, Stahl; by O'Brien 1, Snodgrass; by Collins 1, Devore. Base on balls-By Marquard, Speaker. Fumble-Devore. Wild throw-Marquard. Muffed foul fly-Cady. Balk-O'Brien. Wild throw-Yerkes. Time of game-1.58. Umpires-Klem and Evans; field umpires-O'Loughlin and Rigler. Scorers, -Richter and Spink. Weather-Warm and cloudy.

90

91

81

92

R. H. SB. SH. PO. A. E. 4 6 4 .. 10 2 2 5 8 2 .. 15 26 4 2 7 1 17 1 1 5 10 .. 1 23 1 5 9 1 1 83 1 3 6 12 2 2 11 16 .. 1 . 1 .. 2 10 i i 41 4 '1 1 5 1 .. 16 23 4 1.... 2 1 1 1 4.. ..10.. 3 17 1 .. 1 2 .. .. 12 31 74 14 1 31 74 12 7 1221 108 17

93

88 ·

94

1, leticner; 2, Doyle; 3. Becker; 4, McCormick; 5, Devore. A GROUP OF NEW YORK GIANTS-NATIONAL LEAGUE ! CHAMPIONS. Conlon, Photos. ,

95

96

Wiltse, Ames, Hall and Crandall did not pitch a full game and are charged with neither defeat nor victory. Tesreau pitched first 7 innings of first game and is charge. with defeat. Crandall fin- Ished game. Collins pitched first 7 1-3 innings of second game, Hall followed for 2 2-3 innings and Bedient for 1 inning, but as game was tie no ohe has defeat or victory charged against him. O'Brien pitched 8 innings of third game and is charged with defeat.

97

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. , 87 Bedient pitched in the last inning. In fourth game Tesreau pitched first 7 innings and is marked with defeat. Amoes finished the game. In sixth game O'Brien pitched only 1 inning, but lost the game. Collins completed the game. Wood pitched only one inning of seventh game and is charged with a defeat. Hall pitched the last 8 innings. Bedient pitched first 7 innings of eighth game and retired to permit Henriksen to bat for him with New York leading. Bos- ton then tied score and Wood, who succeeded Bedient, finally won out in the tenth inning, Wood getting credit for game. FINANCIAL RESULT. The attendance and receipts of the 1912 World's Championship Series were the highest of any series ever played, excelling even the receipts of the 1911 Athletic-Giant series, which reached pro- portions of such magnitude that it was thought they would not soon be exceeded, or even equaled. In the 1911 Athletic-Giant series the total attendance was 179,851 paid; the receipts, $342,- 364; each club's share, $90,108.72; National Commission's share, $34,236.25; the players' share for four days, $127,910.61; each play- er's Asiare on the Athletic team, $3,654.58; and each player's share on the New York team, $2,436.30. For purposes of comparison we give the official statement of the 1911 World's Series: Attendance. Receipts. First game, New York..................... . 38,281 $77,359.00 Second game, Philadelphia. ..........................~ 26,286 42,962.50 Third game, New York...........................t .. 37,216 75,593.00 Fourth game, Philadelphia........................... 24,355 40,957.00 Fifth game, New York.............................. 33,228 69.384.00 Sixth game, Philadelphia ............................ 20,485 36,109.00 Totals ............................................. 17,851 . 842,364.50 Each club's share. .................................. $90,108.72 National Commission's share ............................ 34,236.25 Players' share for four games.......................................... 127,910.61 Herewith is given the official attendance and receipts of the Giant-Red Sox World's Series of 1912, together with the division of the receipts, as announced by the National Commission. The players shared only in the first four games, divided 60 per cent. to the winning team and 40 per cent. to the losing team. Attendance. -Receipts. First game, New York.................. . 35,722 $76,127.00 Second game, Boston .............. ....... 30,148 58,369.00 Third game, Boston...................... ....... 34,624 63,142.00 Fourth game, New York............................ 36,502 76,644.00 Fifth game, Boston............. 34,683 63,201.00 Sixth game, New York ......... ................... 30,622 66,654.00 Seventh game, Boston............................... 32,630 57,004.00 Eighth game, Boston ............................... 16,970 30,308.00 Totals ............................................. 251,901 $490,449.00 Each club's share..................................................... $146,915.91 National Commission's share......................... 49,044.90 Players' share for four games...................................... 147,572.28

98

A GROUP OF CHICAGO NATIONALS. Conlon, Photos.

National League Season of 1912 99

100

A 4 1 I # A I

101

4. I I I I 0

102

- D

103

93

104

I 4 0 " Ir

105

106

t

107

97

108

109

99

110

1

111

I

112

A, a.& ntrW L, C , luaimers; a, oeaton; 4, KnaDe; 5,. Doolan. A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA NATIONALS. Conlon, Photos.'

113

103

114

Conlon, Photos.

115

P I L- I I i

116

-, ,,^sv, -, IIII; o, lonuetcny; 4, Hauser; 5, Evans. A GROUP OF ST. LOUIS NATIONALS. Conlon, Photos.

117

107

118

-, -,*» ---AA Hi Alw ;, 6u;XltK i2, ltUl a.LtUL , u neetLZer.t A GROUP OP BROOKLYN NATIONALS. Conlon, Photos.

119

Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. 10 3 o .769 Pittsburgh5 7 .... 5 417 8 3 .727 Philadelphia ....... 4 6 .400 6 6 .500 St. Louis .......... 5 8 .385 5 7 .417 Brooklyn ........... 4 7 ,.364 STANDING OF CLUBS ON MAY 15. .18 4 .810 St. Louis ........... 10 16 .385 .19 5 .792 Boston .............. 9 15 .375 12 12 .500 hiladelphia ....... 7 13 .350 . 9 12 .429 Brooklyn .......... 7 14 .33* STANDING OF CLUBS ON MAY 31. ..28 7 .800 St. Louis ........... 20 22 .47' .23 17 .575 Philadelphia ....... 14 19 ,A24 . 19 17 .528 Brooklyn ......... 12 22 858 . 18 17 :514 Boston .............. 13 26 .531 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JUNE 15. .. 37 10 .787 Philadelphia ....... 20 24 -.45 .. 27 20 .574 -St. Louis ........... 23 81 .4 . 26 21 .553 Brooklyn ........... 16 30 . . 29 23 .553 Boston .............. 16 6 .31 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JUNE 30. ..50 11 .820 Philadelphia ........ 24 33 .421 .. 7 25 .597 Brooklyn .......... 24 36 .400 . 34 26 .567 St. Louis ........ 27 42 .391 . 35 32 .522 Boston .............. 20 46 .308

120

4 t Cc

121

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. u STANDING OF CLUBS ON JULY 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. New York .......... 58 19 .753 Philadelphia ... 34 38 472 Chicago ............. 47 28 .627 St. Louis ........... 34 49 .410 Pittsburgh .......... 45 31 .592 Brooklyn ............ 30 48 .385 Cincinnati .......... 41 39 .513 Boston ............ 22 59 273 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JULY 31. New York .......... 67 24 .736 Cincinnati . 45 49 .479 Chicago ............. 57 34 .626 St. Louis 41 55 .427 Pittsburgh .......... 52 37 .584 Brooklyn ............ 35 59 .372 Philadelphia ........ 45 43 .511 Boston ............. 25 66 .275 STANDING OF CLUBS ON AUGUST 15. Nc-v York .......... 73 30 .709 Cincinnati .......... 50 58 .463 Chicago ............. 69 36 .657 St. Louis ...... 47 60 439 Pittsburgh .......... 65 40 .619 Brooklyn ......... 39 69 361 Philadelphia ....... 50 54 .481 Boston .............. 28 76 .269 STANDING OF CLUBS ON AUGUST 31. New York .......... 82 36 .695 Cincinnati ... .. 57 65 .467 Chicago ............. 79 42 .653 St. Louis . ..... 53 59 434 Pittsburgh ......... 71 50 .587 Brooklyn ............ 44 76 8.36 Philadelphia ........ 59 60 .496 Boston .............. 37 84 .306 STANDING OF CLUBS ON SEPTEMBER 15. New York .......... 95 40 .704 Philadelphia ........ 63 70 .474 Chicago ............. 83 51 .619 St. Louis ........ 57 80 41 Pittsburgh .......... 82 53 .607 Brooklyn ............ 50 85 .37 Cincinnati .......... 68 68 .500 Boston .............. 42 93 .311 STANDING OF CLUBS ON SEPTEMBER 30. New York .......... 101 45 .692 Philadelphia ........ 70 77 .476 Pittsburgh ......... 91 57 .615 St. Louis . . 62 88 .413 Chicago ............ 89 58 .605 Brooklyn . ........... 57 91 38 Cincinnati .......... 74 76 .493 Boston ............ 42 100 .324 STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. N.Y. Pitts. Chi. Cin. Phil. St.L.Bkln. Bos. Won. PC. New York . .............. 12 9 16 17 15 16 18 103 .682 Pittsburgh ....... ...... 8 .. 13 11 14 15 14 18 93 .616, Chicago ................ 13 8 .. 11 10 15 17 17 91 .607 Cincinnati .............. 6 11 10 .. 8 13 16 11 75 .490 Philadelphia ........... 5 8 10 14 .. 11 1 12 73 .480 St. Louis ............... 7 7 7 9 11 .. 10 12 63 .412- Brooklyn ............... 6 8 5 6 9 11 .. 13 58 .379 Boston ............ 3 4 5 11 10 10 9 .. 52 .340 Lost ................ 48 58 59 78 79 90 95 101 The Chicago-Pittsburgh game at Chicago, October 2, was protested by the Pittsburgh club and thrown out of the records, taking a victory from the Chicago club and a defeat from the Pittsburgh club.

122

l

123

1, Campbell; 2, Tyler; 3, Sweeney; 4, Perdue; 5, Uowdy. A GROUP OF BOSTON NATIONALS. Conlon, PhotoS.

124

-,, -, v LVVL^, , -u, o, iAVuler; 4, rosier; o, Johnson. A GROUP OF WASHINGTON AMERICANS. Van Oeyen, Photos.

American League Season of 1912 125

115

126

- -, ..t, , o, lllu; ix , Mlcnriae; 5, uandll. A GROUP 01 WASHINGTON AMERICANS. Conlon, Photos.

127

Detroit vs. New York-Cobb sliding into a base; Chase playing irst. Five American League teams started the season under new managers. One of the three which began the race under leaders retained from the previous year changed horses in mid-stream. Jake Stahl, Harry Wolverton, Clark Griffith, Harry Davis and James Callahan were the new faces in the managerial gallery. Some of them were not exactly new to the job but were in new jobs. Of these Stahl, Griffith and Callahan proved successful leaders and the first named became the hero of a world's cham- pionship team when the last ball of the series was caught. Davis resigned during the season and was succeeded by Joe Birmingham, who almost duplicated the feat of George Stovall in 1911, putting new life into the Cleveland team and starting a spurt.which made the race for position interesting. Wolverton stuck the season out in spite of handicaps that would have discouraged anybody, then handed in his resignation. Wallace, who started the year at the helm again in St. Louis, cheerfully handed over the management to Stovall, who had been transplanted into the Mound City in the hope of making Davis' task easier in Cleveland. Stovall made the Browns a hard team to beat and had the mild satisfaction of hoist- ing them out of the cellar which they had occupied for the better part of three seasons. An unpleasant feature of the season, but one which had bene- ficial results, was the strike of the Detroit players, entailing the staging of a farcical game in Philadelphia between the Athletics and a team of semi-professionals. This incident grew out of an attack on a New York spectator by Ty Cobb while in uniform and the immediate suspension of the player for an indefinite period. The prompt and unyielding stand taken by President Johnson against the action of the Detroit players and the diplomatic efforts of President Navin of that club averted serious or extended trouble and undoubtedly furnished a warning against any similar act in the near future. Another- excellent result was the effort made by club owners to prevent the abuse of the right of free speech by that small element of the game's patronage which finds its greatest joy in abusing the players, secure in the knowledge that it is practically protected from personal injury'in retaliation. In the development of new players of note the league enjoyed an average season, and a considerable amount of new blood was injected into the game in the persons of players who made good without attracting freakish attention. The rise of the Washington team from seventh to second place brought its youngsters into the limelight prominently, and of these Foster and Moeller were com-

128

I . . ... ..- . . vL. 2u-. A GROUP OF" PHILADELPHIA ATHLETICS. Conlon, Photos.

129

130

A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA ATHLETICS. Conlon, Photos.

131

132

F

133

123

134

i, zeiuer; Z, iillivan; 3, Benz; 4, Bodie; 5, Lange. A GROUP OF CHICAGO AMERICANS. Conlon, Photos.

135

I I i- It ee t I- r- it If it ,1k is ig

136

I

137

.1Z 11 1 # 4

138

*

139

129

140

I . A f

141

181

142

4 I

143

133

144

Conlon, Photos.

145

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 15 and it was played late in September when the two teams were scrapping for second place. The American League record for over- time is twenty-four innings, held by Philadelphia and Boston There were a lot of slugging games in 1912, but not as many as dur- ing the season of 1911. Philadelphia piled up -the highest total, 25, in eight innings, but it was made against the semi-professionai team which wore Detroit uniforms on the day the Tigers struck. The highest genuine total of hits was twenty-three made by the Athletics against New York pitchers. The Athletics also run up the highest score of the league's season when they compounded twenty-four runs against Detroit in May. The semi-monthly standing of the race by percentages follows: STANDING OF CLUBS ON MAY 1. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Chicago ............ 11 4 .733 Athletics .......... 7 7 .500 Boston .............. 9 5 .643 Detroit . 6 10 .375 -, Washington ........ 8 5 .615 St. Louis ......... 5 9 .357 Cleveland ......... 7 6- .538 New York ......... 3 10 .231 STANDING OP CLUBS ON MAY 15. Chicago ............ 1 6 .778 Detroit ............. 13 14 .481 Boston .............. 6 8 .667 Athletics ........... 10 12 .455 Washington ........ 12 12 .500 New York .... . 6 15 .286 Cleveland .......... 11 11 .500 St. Louis ........... 6 17 .261 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JUNE 1. Chicago ............. 29 12 .707 Cleveland ... .. 18 19 '.486 Boston .............. 25 14 .641 Washington ....... 19 21 .475 Detroit ............. 2i 20 .512 New York ......... 12 23 .343 Athletics ........... 17 17 .500 St. Louis ........... 12 27 .308 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JUNE 15. Boston ............. 33 19 .635 Detroit ............. 26 29 .473 Chicago ..... ..... 33 21 .611 Cleveland ........... 23 28 .541 Washington ........ 33 21 .611 New York .......... 17 31 354 Athletics ........... 27 21 .562 St. Louis ......... 15 37 .288 STANDING OF CLUBS ON JULY 1. Boston ............. 47 21 .691 Cleveland ... ........ 32 .492 Athletics ........... 39 25 .609 Detroit .............. 33 36 .478 Chicago ............. 38 28 .576 New York .......... 18 44 .290 Washington ....... 37 31 .551 St. Louis .......... 18 46 .286 STANDING O1 CLUBS ON JULY 15. Boston .............. 56 26 .683 Cleveland ........... 42 42 .600 Washington ........ 50 33 .602 Detroit .............. 40 4 . Athletics ........... 46 35 .568 New York .......... 22 53 .293 Chicago ............. 44 35 .557 St. Louis .. 2...... 22 56 . STANDiNG OF CLUBS ON AUGUST 1. Boston .............. 67 81 .684 Detroit ........ 48 1 . Washington ........61 37 .622 Cleveland .. 45 52 .44- Athletics ........... 55 41 .573 New York ....... 31 62 .288 Chicago ........: 49 46 .516 St. Louis .............30 66 . STANDING OF CLUBS ON AUGUST 15. Boston .............. 76 34 .691 Detroit ..... 55 8 .487 Athletics ........... 66 43 .606 Cleveland ........... 51 59 .464 Washington ........ 67 44 .604 New York .......... 35 72 .327 Chicago ............. 54 55 .495 St. Louis ........... 35 74 .321

146

Conlon. Photos.

147

I

148

-, U . , 9 u.ora; , wor eeney; 4, Caldwell; 5, Chase. A GROUP OF NEW YORK AMERICANS. Conlon, Photos.

149

1, Warhop; 2, Cree; 3, Daniels; 4, Wolter; 5, Hartzell. A GROUP OF NEW YORK AMERICANS. Conlon, Photos.

150

f

National League 151

141

152

I

153

TB.2B.3B.R. SH.SB. PC. 136 20 6 2 13 9 .259 178 26 6 1 21 6 .258 39 3 2 3 .. 2 .258 218 31 5 10 5 8 .257 123 14 5 2 7 20 .257 50 3 4 1 2 5 .267 10 1 ... 2 .. .257 71 5 5 .. 6 4 .256 68 9 1 2 12 2 .256 139 13 8 2 20 19 .255 19 2 1 .... .. .254 23 1 2 1 2 .. .254 20 2 1 .. 1 .. .250 149 14 5 .. 29 24 .247 20 .. 1 .. 2 2 .247 33 3 1 .. 4 3 .246 179 22 10 -3 10 15 .245 29 2 1 .. 4 1 .245 35 4 4 .. 6 .. .245 152 9 11 3 17 25 .243 101 15 1 1 6 1 .243 18 1 1 .. 2 2 .242 98 14 .3 2 10 .. .240 75 6 1 2 7 11 .239 i. 7 2 ........ .238 33 .. 3 .. 4 .. .237 32 5 1 .. 5 2 .236 24 1 .... 8 1 .235 28 4 1 1 6 1 .235 12 2 1 .... 2 .235 84 6 5 2 14 12 .234 3 52 9 .... 4 8 .234 76 10 3 .. 13 7 .233 3 26 1 1 .. 2 2 ,232 I 13 .. 1 .. 2 .. .229 8 9 1 ... .. 229 4 36 5 2 1 10 .. .226 2 17 3 1 .. 1 .. .226 0 75 6 3 1 15 6 .224 3 16 3 .... 1 1 .224 5 63 3 1 1 7 3 -.223 12 28 4 1 .. 2 1 .222 .8 23 4 3.. 1 .. .220 1 23 2 .... 9 2 .219 L8 23 3 1 .. 4 .. .217 .3 20 7.... 1 .. .218 18 37 3 .. 2 3 1 .211 .8 20 2 .... 5 1 .209 Li 12 1 .... 1 1 .208 4 5 1.... 1 .. .200 19 22 3 1 .198 15 59 5 3 1 12 11 .195 8 8 ...... 2 1 .19 L8 21 1 1 .. 3 5 .191 7 8 1 ...... 1 189 19 29 4 .. 2 9 ..18 13 24 2 8 1 8 2 .186 10 12 2 .... 3 2 .185. 11 15 2 1 . 1 . .180 16 21 .. . 4 .178: 9 11 2.... 2 .170 10 10 .. .. . . 1 .167 6 14 3 1 1 2 .. .167 83 3. .. ... 2. 1 17 21 2 1 .. .160

154

1 ,I

155

INDIVIDUAL FIELDING. Following are the Official Fielding Averages of National League players who played in fifteen or more championship games during the seasot of 1912: .

156

FIRST BASEMEN. G. PO. A. E. PC. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PC. 143 1373 76 10 .993 Miller, Pittsburgh, 147 1385 85 23 .985 120 1165 52 10 .992 Hoblitzell, Cin., 147 1326 87 21 .985 69 694 37 6 .992 Zimmerman, Chic., 22 212 11 4 .982 142 1392 90 13 .991 Merkle, New York, 129 1229 73 27 .980 146 1421 104 15 .990 Snodgrass, N. York, 27 243 10 6 .977 83 759 37 11 .986 SECOND BASEMEN. 149 345 452 22 .973 Cutshaw, Brooklyn, 91 192 290 21 .958 16 26 42 2 .971 Knabe, Philadelphia 123 258 342 30 .952 58 120 159 .9 .969 Doyle, New York, 143 313 379 38 .948 105 237 320 22 .962 Walsh, Philadelphia, 31 57 94 9 .944 43 71 99 7 .960 Huggins, St. Louis, 114 272 337 37 .943 153 459 475 40 .959 Magee, St. Louis, 23 52 79 8 .942 143 319 439 32 .959 Downs, Bkl'n-Chic., 25 33 53 10 .896 THIRD BASEMEN. 23 26 48 .. 1000 J. Smith, Brooklyn, 125 156 251 27 .938 , 64 80 86 4 .976 Lennox, Chicago, 24 25 32 4 .934 29 27 64 3 .968 Mowrey, St. Louis, 108 131 220 26 .931 26 41 50 4 .958 Grant, Cincinnati, 15 17 21 3 .927 , 32 33 61 5 .949 Phelan, Cincinnati, 127 153 250 33 .924 130 144 187 18 .948 Zimmerman, Chic., 121 142 242 35 .917 140 159 308 29 .942 Downey, Phila.-Chic. 49 60 80 17 .892 118 147 216 23 .940 Almeida, Cincinnati, 15 13 28 5 .891 SHORTSTOPS. 143 341 462 32 .962 Maranville, Boston, 26 46 97 11 .929 22 48 65 5 .958 Fletcher, New York, 126 237 428 52 .927 146 289 476 40 .950 Fischer, Brooklyn, 74 121 200 29 .917 56 102 171 15 .948 O'Rourke, Boston, 59 92 167 24 .915 26 33 53 5 .945 C. McDonald, Cin., 42 84 89 16 .915 142 354 470 50 .943 Tooley, Brooklyn, 76 147 214 47 .885 31 52 80 9 .936 Shafer, New York, 31 49 60 15 .879 132 262 446 50 .934 Spratt, Boston, 23 22 8 15 .842 74 154 180 25 .930 OUTFIELDERS. 22 36 3 .. 1000 Mensor, Pittsburgh, 32 60 33 .95 23 24 3 .. 1000 Hyatt, Pittsburgh, 15 20 1 1 .955 , 42 106 10 1 .991 Schulte, Chicago, 139 219 19 12 .952 62 102 8 2 .982 Titus, Phila.-Bost., 141 205 14 11 .952 97 246 15 6 .978 Northen, Brooklyn, 102 178 11 10 .950 98 222 11 6 .975 Bates, Cincinnati, 65 157 15 9 .950 150 369 19 13 .968 Snodgrass, N. York, 116 229 25 14 .948 120 285 13 10 .968 Oakes, St. Louis, 136 324 15 19 .947 143 255 20 9 .968 Mitchell, Cincinnati, 144 251 18 15 .947 141 336 19 12 .967 Daly, Brooklyn, 55 116 10 7 .947 113 200 26 8 .966 Jackson. Boston, 107 230 20 15 .944 43 55 2 2 .966 W. Miller. Chicago, 64 109 6 7 .948 . 90 140 21 6 .964 Evans, St. Louis. 134 219 24 15 .942 143 347 15 14 .963 Campbell, Boston, 144 340 20 24 .937 124 251 8 10 .963 Ellis, St. Louis, 76 173 10 14 .929 146 332 26 14 .962 Devore, New York, 96 155 14 15 .918 152 324 20 14 .961 Wilie, St. Louis, 16 21 1 2 .916 129 273 24 12 .961 Stengel, Brooklyn, 17 36 14 .902 117 230 20 11 .958 Kirke, Boston, 7 1 22 17 .846 1 85 198 18 10 .956 PITCHERS. / 33 5 40 . 1000 Rixey, Philadelphia, 23 4 35 1000 31 4 42 1000 C. Smith, Chicago, 21 2 29 .. 1000 31 3 26 . 1000 Rucker, Brooklyn, 45 5 82 1 .989 28 6 40 . 1000 Marquard, N. York, 43 2 58 1 .984 28 2 36 . 1000 Brennan, Phila., 27 7 53 1 .984

157

14

158

159

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 149 The standing below is computed on the lowest number of runs per game. The total number of runs chargeable to pitcher on whole season are. divided by number of innings pitched, then multiplied by nine to arrive at each pitcher's average effectiveness per nine-inning game. The column showing actual number of batsmen facing each pitcher is new, as former records gave only the total number of men at bat. The new record is as follows: PITCHERS-ARRANGED ACCORDING TO AVERAGE OF EARNED RUNS SCORED OFF PITCHERS. 0 b* + Name and Club. M . 5 j 1-3 lresreau, New York....... 243 1005 177 10 106 119 6 90 53 1.96 2-8 Mathewsou. New York... 310 1263 311 2 34 134 3 107 73 2.12 3-28 Rucker. Brooklyn ........ 298 1201 272 3 72 151 6 101 73- 2.20 4-12 Robinson, Pittsburgh .... 176 675 146 10 30 79 2 54 44 2.26 5-5 Ames, New York......... 179 744 194 4 35 83 9 82 49 2.46 6-23 Rixey, Philadelphia ..... 162 650 147 2 54 59 8 57 45 2.50 7-4 Marquard, New York..... 295 1230 286 3 80 175 8 112 84 2.57 8-1 Hendrix, Pittsburgh .... 289 1183 256 9 105 176 7 110 83 2.58 9-25 Sallee, St. Louis.......... 294 1203 289 6 72 108 5 122 85 2.60 10-30 M. Brown, Chicago....... 89 366 92 1 20 34 .. 35 26 2.63 11-27 O'Toole. Pittsburgh ...... 275 1170 237 2 159 150 2 110 83 2.72 12-29 Fromme, Cincinuati ..... 296 1233 285 11 88 120 4 126 90 2.74 13-21 Alexander, Philadelphia.. 310 1290 289 . 6 107 195 5 133 97 2.81 14-10 Camnultz, Pittsburgh .....277 1142 256 13 82 121 1 104 87 2.83 15-7 Leifield, Pitts.-Chic. ..... 95 408 -97 5 31 31 .. 41 30 2.84 16-2 Cheney, Chicago ......... 303 1267 262 7 111 140 18 122 96 2.85 17-16 Adams, Pittsburgh ......170 704 169 3 35 63 .. 73 55 2.91 18-20 Suggs, Cincinnati ........ 303 1256 320 11 56 104 5 132 99 2.94 19-6 Richie, Chicago .......... 238 973 222 6 74 69 3 102 78 2.95 20-18 Lavender, Chicago ....... 252 1057 240 10 89 109 3 116 85 3.03 21-26 Benton, Cincinnati ....... 302 1302 316 18 118 162 12 143 104 3.09 22-14 Wiltse, New York........ 134 557 140 1 8 58 2 63 47 3.15 23-31 Humphries, Cincinnati .. 159 669 162 8 36 58 1 77 57 3.22: 24-1- Seaton, Philadelphia .... 255 1080 246 9 106 118 9 126 93 3.28 25--40 Geyer, St. Louis.......... 181 783 191 4,84 61 .. 110 66 3.28 26--7 Moore, Philadelphia ..... 182 777 186 7 77 79 1 101 67 3.31 27--15 Stack, Brooklyn .......... 142 605 19 9 55 45 2 80 53 3.36 28--19 Brennan, Philadelphia ... 174 743 185 3 49 78 3 88 69 3.56 29-.-39 Yingling, Brooklyn ...... 163 711 186 1 56 51 1 90 65 3.59 80--9 Crandall, New York...... 162 688 181 2 35 60 .. 85 65 3.61 3i1-44 Ragan, Brooklyn ......... 208 884 211 4 65 101 2 101 84 3.63 32 -45 Allen, Brooklyn .......... 109 495 119 1 57 58 5 70 44 3.64 3:-42 Curtis, Phila-Brooklyn .. 130 570 127 10 54 42 2 74 53 3.67 34-35 Hess, Boston .............254 1090 270 15 90 80 4 142 106 3.75 3S-13 Reulbach, Chicago . ..... 169 708 161 8 60 75 1 86 71 3.78 36-32 Perdue, Boston .......... 249 1062 295 2 54 101 1 135 105 3.79 37-50 Dickson, Boston .......... 189 825 233 3 61 47 4 123 81 3.86 38-22 Harmon, St. Louis........ 268 1171 284 3 116 73 6 156 117 3.92 39-47 C. Brown Boston......... 168 708 146 2 66 68 6 107 75 4.01 40-38 Tyler, Boston ............ 256 1119 262 10 126 144 13 150 119 4.18 41-11 U. Smith, Chicago........ 94 396 92 3 31 47 1 56 44 4.21 42-41 Donnelly, Boston ......... 184 838 225 5 72 67 10' 127 89 4.35. 43-43 Willis, St. Louis.......... 130 581 143 5 62 55 3 83 64 4.43 44-23 Knetzer, Brooklyn ........140 615 135 4 70 61 5 86 71 4.56 45-48 9hultz, Philadelphia ..... 59 275 75 3 35 20 5 44 30 4.57 46-36 Steele, St. Louis.......... 194 870 245 7 66 67 6 143 101 4.63 47-24 Kent, Brooklyn .......... 93 424 107 1 46 24 1' 74 50 4.84W 48-46 Keefe, Cincinnati ........ 69 313 78 4 33 29 2 52 40 5.22 49-51 Barger. Brooklyn ........ 94 '426 120 4 42 30 .. 78 57 5.45 50-49 Woodburn, St. Louis...... 48 243 60 4 42 25 4 48 30 5'.62 51-52 Dale, St. Louis........... 62 314 76 8 51 37 5 58 45 6.53 52-34 Cole, Chicago-Pittsburgh. 68 318 97 4 26 20 1 68 58 8.63 * Runs chargeable solely to pitcher. t Average runs 9-inning game chargeable to pitcher.

160

···- 1" Bh -' -· :j i JI·.*i ·14 j

American League 161

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. I American League STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Bos. Wash. Phila. Chic. Clev. Det. St.L. N.Y. Won.P.C Boston. ............ 12 15 16 11 15 17 19 105 .691 Washington... . 10 .. 7 13 18 14 14 15 91 .599 Philadelphia....... 7 13 10 14 13 16 17 90 .592 Chicago.......... 6 9 12 .. 11 14 13 13 78 .9 Cleveland.......... 11 4 8 11 13 15 13 75 .490 Detroit............ 6 8 9 8 9 18 16 69 .415 St. Louis . ......... 5 8 6 9 7 9 . 9 5 .344 New York......... 2 7 5 9 8 6 13 .. 50 .329 Lost........... 47 61 62 76 78 84 101 102 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1900-Chicago . .................. .607 1906-Chicago ................. 614 1901-Chicago ....................610 1907-Detroit.................. 618 1902-Athletics . ................. .610 1908-Detroit................... 5 1903-Boston.....................659 1909-Detroit ............. .......645 1904--Boston ..................... 617 1910-Athletics ..................680 1905-Athletics.................. .621 1911-Athletics ........... 68...669 INDIVIDUAL BATTING. Compiled by Irwin M. Howe, American League Statistician. Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. 2B.3B.HR.TB.SH.SB. PC. Cobb, Detroit . ................... 140 553 119 227 30 23 7 324 8 61 .410 Jackson, Cleveland ............. 152 572 121 226 44 26 3 331 15 35 .396 Speaker, Boston ................ 153 580 136 222 53 13 9 328 7 52 .383 Borton, Chicago . ................ 31 105 15 39 3 1 .. 44 5 1 .871 Lajole, Cleveland ............... 117 448 66 165 34 4 .. 207 17 18 .368 Lelivelt, New York. ............. 36 149 12 54 6 7 2 80 .. 7 .862 Collins, Philadelphia ........... 153 543 137 189 .25 11 .. 236 29 63 .348 Baker, Philadelphia ............ 149 577 116 200 40 21 10 312 11 40..347 Veach, Detroit . ................. 23 79 8 27 5 1 .. 34 3 2 .343 Cree, New York.................. 50 190 25 63 11 6 .. 86 1 12.332 Mclnnes, Philadelphia ......... 153 568 83 186 25 13 3 246 29 27.327 Crawford, Detroit ............. 149 581 81 189 30 21 4 273 19 41 .325 D. Murphy, Philadelphia........ 36 130 27 42 6 2 2 58 4 8 .323 Henriksen, Boston .............. 37 56 20 18 3 1 .. 23 2 .. .321 Williams, Washington ......... 56 157 14 509 11 4 .. 69 3 2 .318 1. Murphy, Philadelphia.% ...... 33 142 24 45 4 1.. 51 1 7 .317 Gardner, Boston . ................ 143 517 88 163 24 18 3 232 16 25 .315 Chapman, Cleveland ............ 31 109 29 34 6 3 .. 46 12 10 .312 Easterly, Chicago . .............. 93 241 22 75 6 .. 1 84 5 4 311 Laporte, Washington ........... 119 402 45 125 20 5 1 158 14 10 .311 Brief, St. Louis.................. 15 42 9 13 3 .... 16 4 2 .310 Turner, Cleveland ............... 103 370 54 114 14 4 .. 136 17 19.308 Krug, Boston .................... 15 39 6 12 2 1.. 16 3 2.308 Milan, Washington ............. 154 601 105 184 19 11 1 228 5 88 .304 Oandil, Washington ............ 117 443 59 135 20 15 2 191 18 21 .36 Griggs, Cleveland .............. 89 273 29 83 16 7 .. 113 7 10 .04 Pratt, St. Louis................. 151 570 76 172 26 15 5 243 12 24 .302 Stahl, Boston .................... 95 326 40 98 21 6 3 140 17 13 .01 Oldring, Philadelphia .......... 98 395 61 119 14 5 1 146 18 17 .301 Wolverton, New York........... 33 50 6 15 1 1.. 18 1 1.300 McConnell, New York.......... 42 91 11 27 4 3 .. 35 1 ., I2 Bodie, Chicago . ................. 137 472 58 139 24 7 5 192 18 12 .294 Jones, Detroit . .................. 97 316 54 93 5 2 .. 102 12 16 .294 Lapp, Philadelphia ............. 90 281 26 82 15 6 1 112 3 / 3 .22, Williams, St. Louis............. 64 216 32 63 13 7 2 96 3 18 .290 Shotten, St. Louis............... 154 580 87 168 15 8 2 205 6 35 .290 Collins, Chicago ................ 153 579 75 168 34 10 2 238 19 26 .296

162

152 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. INDIVIDUAL BATTING-(Continuid). Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. 2B.3B.HR.TB.SH.SB. PC. Wood, Boston ................... 43 124 17 36 13 1 1 54 6 .. .299 Strunk, Philadelphia ........... 120 412 58 119 13 12 3165 25 29 .289 Paddock, New York............. 46 157 26 45 3 3 1 59 2 9 .287 Ford, New York................. 39 112 15 32 8 .. 1 43 7 2 .286 Delehanty, Detroit ............. 78 266 34 76 14 1 .. 92 8 9 .286 Schalk, Chicago ................ 23 63 7 18 2 .. .. 20 3 2 .286 Foster, Washington ............ 154 618 98 176 34 9 2234 3 27 .285 Lewis, Boston ................... 154 581 85 165 36 9 6237 31 9 .284 Gardiner, New York............. 43 160 14 45 3 1 .. 50 5 11 .281 Compton, St. Louis............. 100 268 26 75 6 4 2 95 6 11 .280 Johnson, Cleveland .............. 43 164 22 46 7 4 1 64 7 8 .280 Mullen, Detroit ................. 37 90 13 25 5 1 .. 32 2 .. .278 Moeller, Washington ........... 132 519 90 143 26 10 6207 11 30 .276 Dubuc, Detroit .................. 36 105 16 29 6 2 1 42 1 .. .276 Carisch, Cleveland .............. 24 69 4 19 3 1 .. 24 2 3 .275 Chase, New York................ 131 522 61 143 21 9 4194 25 33 .274 Daniels, New York.............. 133. 496 72 136 25 11 2189 19 37 .274 Wagner, Boston ................. 144 504 75 138 25 6 2181 14 21 .274 C. Walker, Washington........ 36 110 22 30 2 1 .. 34 .. 11 .273 Hartzell, New York............. 123 416 50 113 10 11 1148 14 20 .272 Rath, Chicago ................... 157 591 104 161 10 2 1178 16 30 .272 Callahan, Chicago .............. 111 408 45 111 9 7 1'17 22 19 .272 Steen, Cleveland ................ 22 48 5 13 .. 1 .. 15 1 4 .271 Ryan, Cleveland ................. 93 328 53 89 12 9 1122 12 12 .271 Sweeney, New York............. 110 351 37 94 12 1 108 7 6 .268 Plank, Philadelphia ............ 34 90 5 24 2 1 28 11 .. .267 Lord, Chicago ................... 151 570 81 152 19 12 5210 29 28 .267 Hall, Boston .................... 32 75 10 20 4 2 1 31 3...267 Sterrett. New York............. 66 230 30 61 4 7 1 82 6 8 .265 Johnson, Washington ........... 53 144 16 38 6 4 2 58 6 2 .264 Zinn, New York................. 106 401 56 106 15 10 6159 10 17 .264 Carrigan, Boston ............... 87 266 34 70 7 1 79 8 7 .263 Johnson, Chicago ............... 18 42 7 11 .. 1' 13 1 .. .262 Barry, Philadelphia ............. 139 483 76 126 19 &9 163 25 22 .261 Stanage, Detroit ................ 119 394 35 103 9 4 120 8 3 .261 Mattick, Chicago ............... 88 285 45 74 7 9 1102 17 15 .260 Cady, Boston .................... 47 135 19 35 13 22 52 7...259 Block, Chicago . 46 136 8 35 5 6 52 6 1 .257 Maggert, Philadelphia ......... 72 242 39 62 8 6 1 85 4 10 .256 Coombs, Philadelphia ........... 54 110 10 28 2 .. .. 30 2 1 .255 Birmingham, Cleveland ........ 107 369 49 94 19 3 119 16 15 .255 Stovall, St. Louis................ 115 398 35 101 17 55 128 8 11 .251 Olson, Cleveland ................ 123 467 68 118 13 1 133 30 16 .253 Walsh, Philadelphia ............ 31 107 11 27 8 2 39 2 7 .252 Austin, St. Louis................ 149 536 57 135 14 8 2 171 26 28 .252 Yerkes, Boston .................. 131 523 73 132 22 66 166 25 4 .252 Nunamaker, Boston ............. 35 103 15 26 5 2 35 3 2 .252 Stephens, St. Louis.............. 74 205 13 51 7 5 68 7 3 .249 Moriarity, Detroit .............. 105 375 38 93 23 1 118 20 27 .248 Schaefer, Washington .......... 60 166 21 41 7 3 54 4 11 .247 Vitt, Detroit .................... 73 273 39 67 4 4 79 5 17 .245 Walsh, Chicago ................. 61 136 12 33 4 1 39 4 .. .245 Zeider, Chicago ................. 129 420 57 103 12 10 1138 24 47 .245 Midkiff, New York.............. 21 86 9 21 1 .. .. 22 4 4 .244 Hendryx, Cleveland ............. 23 70 9 17 2 4 1 30 7 3 '.241' Graney, Cleveland .............. 78 264 44 64 13 2 .81 5 9 .242 Hooper, Boston ................. 147 590 98 143 20 12 2193 21 29 .242 Wallace, St. Louis............... 99 323 39 78 14 5 102 5 3 .241 Derrick, Philadelphia .......... 21 58 7 14 .. 1 16 3 1 .241 Louden, Detroit ................. 121 403 57 97 12 4 1120 17 28 .241 Stump, New York............... 40 129 8 31 .... .. 31 7 5 .240 Gainor, Detroit ................. 51 179 28 43 5 6 60 9 14 .240 Simmons, New York............. 110 401 45 96 17 2 117 7 19 .239 Morgan, Washington ........... 80 273 40 65 10 7 1 92 8 11 .239. Lord, Philadelphia .............. 96 378 63 90 12 9 . 120 12 15 .238

163

153

164

A. E. PC. 12. 3.984 68 16 .983 2 2.983 4 3 .982 49 18 .980 79 27 .979 54 16 .979 8 5.977 15 5 .974 15 12 .972

165

I i

166

PITCHERS' RECORDS. r--Opp.-- H. W. Name and Club. G. IP. AB. H. R. B.BB.SO. P.B.W. L.T.TO.F.PC. Wood, Boston ......... 43 344 1234 267 104 12 82 258 7 .. 34 5 .. 3 5 .872 Plank, Philadelphia .. 37 2592-3 955 234 90 6 83 110 5 1 26 .6 ..6 6.813 Johnson, -Washington.. 50 368 1321 259 89 16 76.303 11 .. 32 12 2 3 9 .727 Coombs, Philadelphia. 40 262 1-3 942 227 120 10 94 120 1 .. 21 10 1 10 7 .677 Bedient, Boston .......41 231 859 206 93 3 55 122 2 2 20 10 .. 12 10 .667 Baskette, Cleveland... 29 116 432 109 50 7 46 51 3 .. 8 4 1 4 17 .667 Hall, Boston .......... 34 191 692 178 85 4 70 83 .... 15 8 2 13 8 .652 Groome, Washington... 43 316 1167 287 133 5 94 179 6 .. 24 13 .. 12 2 .649 Cashion, Washington. 26 1701-3 599 150 84 5 103 84 11 2 1i 6 .. 9 4 .647 R. Collins, Boston.... 27 1991-3 750 192 65 2 42 82 .... 14 8 .. 10 ...636 Dubuc, Detroit ...... 37 250 922.217 106 7 109 97 16 .. 17 10 .. 4 8 .630 Bender, Philadelphia.. 27 171 641 169 63 1 33 90 2 .. 13 8 .. 8 6 .619 Walsh, Chicago ...... 62 393 1437 332 125 2 94 254 10 5 27.17 2 10 18 .614 Gregg, Cleveland ..... 37 271 1-3 983 242 99 10 90 184 9 .. 20 13 .. 8 3 .606 O'Brien, Boston ..... 37 275 2-3 1000 237 107 10 90 115 5 1 18 13 .. 9 2 .581 Hughes, Washington.. 31 196 744 201 99 6 78 108 4 1 13 10 .. 15 5 .565 Blanding, Cleveland.. 39 262 970 259 117 3 79 75 3 .. 18 14 .. 8 6 .563 C. Brown, Phila....... 35 199 721 204 113 9 87 64 6 1 13 11 .. 14 4 .542 Willett, Detroit ...... 37 284 1-3 1071 281 144 17 84 89 9 .. 17 15 1 4 3 .531 Steen, Cleveland ..... 26 1431-3 547163 75 1 45 61 3.. 9 8 .. 16 4 .529 Cicotte, Bost.-Chic. .. 29 198 757 217 97 1 52 90 5 1 10 10 .. 8 4 .500 Lange, Chicago ....... 31 176 1-3 611 161 85 4 8 96 5 1 10 10 .. 11 9 .500 Houck, Philadelphia.. 30 1802-3 632 148 79 12 74 75 7 .. 8 8.. 8 10 .500 Pape, Boston .......... 13 48 2-3 202 74 36 2 16 17 1 .. 1 1.. 4 8.500 Peters, Chicago ...... 28 108 2-3 434 134 72 6 33 39 2 1 5 6 .. 12 9 .455 White, Chicago ......32 172 643 172 81 8 47 57 3.. 8 10 ..13 10 .444 Hamilton. St. Louis... 41 249 2-3 918 228 117 9 86 139 6 .. 11 14 1 14 9 .440 Baumgardner, St. L.. 30 218 1-3 811 222 101 11 79 102 2 .. 11 14 1 7 3 .440 Benz, Chicago ........ 41 237 2-3 888 230 107 8 70 96 8 .. 13 17 .. 23 6 .433- Mogridge, Chicago ... 17 64 2-3 261 69 32 1 15 31 1 .. 3 4 .. 10 5 .429 Covington, Detroit ... 14 63 1-3 229 58 33 3 30 19 5 .. & 4.. 7 3 .429

167

-

Official Club Rosters of 1912 168

CINCINNATI. Henry O'Day, Manager. Pitchers ............Frank Smith H. Horsey C. Prough Frank T. Davis William Cramer C. H. Tompkins Sam Fletcher Robert F. Keefe Ben Taylor H. L. Gaspar J. C. Bagby George F. Suggs A. H. Fromme J. C. Benton B. Humphries Eugene Moore John E. Frill F. Harter William Doak Ed. Donalds Frank E. Gregory R. T. Works Eugene Packard H. McGraner Catchers ...........H. Severeid J. B. McLean Thomas A. Clarke E. Blackburn Infielders ........... R. D. Almeida R. C. Hoblitzell R. J. Egan A. Phelan J. Estnond Charles McDonald. Ed. L. Grant Outfielders......... Bob Bescher J. W. Bates M. F. Mitchell A. Marsans Pete Knisely A. E. Kyle

169

159

AMERICAN LEAGUE 170

160 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. UMPIRES, 1912. R. D. Emslie Chas. Rigler W. F. Finneran A. L. Orth J. E. Johnstone Wm. Brennan C. B. Owens G. C. Bush W. J. Klem M. W. Eason AMERICAN LEAGUE BOSTON. Wood Pape Krug Hageman Bradley Bedient Thomas Stahl Smith Nunamaker Hall Cicotte Lewis Yerkes Engle Collins Speaker Wagner Cady O'Brien Henriksen Carrigan Hooper Bushelman Gardner Van Dyke Ball WASHINGTON. Johnson Cunningham Laporte Akers Schaefer Groom Musser Milan Becker Morgan Cashion Schegg Gandil Walker Shanks Hughes Boehling Foster Pelty McBride 'Vaughn Morgan Moeller Gallia Ainsmith Engle Roach Walker Eierring Knight Williams Ryan Flynn White Kenworthy Agler Altrock Henry PHILADELPHIA. Plank McInnes Mathes Maggert Danforth Coombs D. Murphy Barry Derrick Martin Bender Fahey E. Murphy Lord Harrell Brown Salmon Oldring Thomas Pennock Houck Covaleski Lapp Egan Morgan Collins Bush Strunk Emerson Baker Crabb Barry Russell CHICAGO. Walsh Scott Borton Johnson Matticks Cicotte Ens Bodie Wolfe Block Lange Lamline S. Collins Smith Zeider Peters Berron Schalk Delhi Riehn White Gleason Rath Weaver Mogridge Easterly McLarry J. Callahan W. D. Sullivan Tannehill Barrows Blackburne Lord Fournier Bell Taylor Crabb Mayer McIntyre Jordan Douglass Benz CLEVELAND. Baskette Wolfe Turner Hornhurst Hunter Gregg Kibble G riggs Krause Birmingham Blanding Baker - Johnson Grubb Graney Steen Meixel Carisch Brenner Livingston Kahler Nash Ryan L. James O'Neill W. Mitchell Eibel Olson Krapp Peckinpaugh Jackson Davis Hendryx W. James Butcher Lajoie George Adams Walker Vaughn Nagelson Chapman Bronkie Neher DETROIT. Dubuc Perry Wheatley Gainor Travers Willett LaFitte Jensen Dauss McGehee Mullin Summers Jones Boehler Remenas Lake Bauman Delehanty McDermott Bush Works Burns Stanage Moran E. Onslow Cobb Pernoll Moriarty 'ovington Deal Veach Donovan Vitt Troy Kocher Crawford Bashing Louden O'Mara Corridon J. Onslow

INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE 171

161

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 172

162 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. MONTREAL. Pitchers-Long, Dale, Sitton, Fletcher, Parsons, Averett, Becker, Burke, Taylor, F. Smith, Mattern, Carroll, McTigue. Catchers-Pierce. Burns, Bridges, Madden, Murphy, Angermeier. First Basemen-Gandil, Fournier, Bransfield, Keliher, Gunning. Second Basemen-Cunningham, Nattress, Esmond, French. Third Basemen-Betcher, Yeager. Shortstops- Hart- mann, Purtell. Outfielders-Demmitt, Handford, Connolly, Russell, Irving, E. Lush. JERSEY CITY. Pitchers-Mason, Doscher, McHale, Swift, MIauser, Justis, Kessler, Agler, Hagemann, Barry, Killilay, Schlafly, Main, Cadore, Viebahn. Catchers- Rondeau, Wells. First Basemen-Knight, Agler, Callahan. Second Base- ren-Breen, Schlafly. Third Basemen-Janvrin, Purtell. Shortstop- Meyer. Outfielders-Wheeler, Barrows, Kelly, Thoney. PROVIDENCE. Pitchers-Mitchell, Lafitte, Sline, Barberich, Harden, Donovan, Cavet, Bernier, Works, Renfer, Covington, Sherry, Adams, Young, Schulz, Trae- ger, Remneas, Dygert, Moran, Bailey. Catchers-Schmidt, Bruggy, Wilson, Reynolds, Maher, Beckendorf, Street. First Baseman-Lathers. Second Baseman-Atz. Third Basemen-McDermott, Gillespie, Bauman. Short- stop-Shean. Outfielders-Perry, Drake, Elston, Sheckard, Ferrin, Platt, Tutwiler, Lake, Duggan. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION MINNEAPOLIS. Allen Altizer Gill Young Comstock Smith Williams Ferris 'Patterson Liebhart J. Delehanty Killifer Owens Olmstead Waddell Unglaub Rossman Whelan Lelivelt Clymer F. Delehanty Leverett Burns TOLEDO. Falkenberg Congalton Butler Livingston DeMott Brady Flick Haas West George Gardner Reilly Talbot Walsh Krabse Niles Derrick Griggs Frost Cann Chapman Land Manush Ellis L. James Bronkie Collamore Hauger Brodie W. James Hohnhorst - Carisch Bemis Mitchel McCormick Mills Bills Higginbotham Burns Middleton Nagelson Swann COLUMBUS. Johns Shelton Hemphill Donica Bruck O'Rourke Gerber Friel Walker Cooper Farrell Smith Kyle Higley Cook Hinchman Murphy Grieve Drohan McQuillan Perring Daly Frefe Davis Liebhardt Miller Rapp d)dwell Packard McConnaghey KANSAS CITY. Lennox Drake Fiene Moore Brandom Tannehill Love Neer Dessau Riley Baxter O'Connor Roth Rhoades Vaughn Coulson James Clayton Withers Zabel Downey Schlitzer Chase Covington Maddox Barbeal Clarke Wheeler Fritz Powell Schaller Rockenfield East Palmer Cann Carr Shaw Woolf Fiene Al t rock Corriden Walker Oyler Gallia

173

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. i63 MILWAUKEE. Hughes Jones Fluharty Schultz Dougherty Schalk Clark Dolan Braun McIntire Block Charles Orendorff Watson Marion Blackburne Lewis Smith Anderson Nickolson Liebold Breen Bahr Slapnicka McGlynn Randall House H lt Cutting Noel Chappelle' Stone Wachtel Hovlik ST. PAUL. R. Thomas Casey Rehg Tragesser Decanniere Howard Marshall Autrey Hoffman LaRoy Riggert Murray Ralston Clarke Gardner Walsh Butler Goodman Fucik Karger McKechnie Hinchman J. Lewis Rieger Dauss Capron Flynn Block Thomas LOUISVILLE. Pearce Hallman Bell Badger Vallandingham Ludwig Hayden Meloan Gwin Richter Spencer Stansbury, Burch Poole Nagle Madden Hulswitt Burke Hunt Criss Schlei Fisher Collins Kroh Laudermilk Stanley Davis Moore Toney Snyder Bransfield Beaumiller Harris Moskiman Clemmons INDIANAPOLIS. Keene Westerzli Sullivan Lynch Kimball Woodruff Ingerton.. . O'Day Dodds Robertson Veach McCarty e ;arce Brady Merz' O'Leary Clarke -- - 'J. McCarthy White Hixon E. Williams Wentz A lcock Goulait Ashenfelder A. Reilley Kaiser Robinson Webb Link Hunter Gagnier Flannagan Taylor Schlitzer Williams McKee Haley Schardt t

174

o060 0 iCi E . a >Q) i < .Q I 10 C^ z s z _ ¢ ^QCa . * co q C¢° .,;ai-

American Association 175

t. I"

176

177

178

179

169

180

-- - -- ' '--- - LIL Z1,04 11, 0 Z VI, I -A I I V '% .

181

-

International League 182

183

184

1, Stroud; 2, Hightower; 3, Fullenwider; 4, Mitchell; 5, Ewing; 6, Deininger; 7, Beebe; 8, Jameson; 9, Schirm; 10, Truesdale; 11, Holmes; 12, Starkey; 13, Murray; 14, Bues; 15, Schang; 16, G. Stallings, Mgr.; 17, McCabe; 18, Beck; 19, Stock; 20, Roth; 21, Frill. BUFFALO TEAMN-INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE.

185

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 175 Joe Kelley finally stopped Rochester's career with his Toronto players, the champions of 1911 were marching along, afraid of none, more than willing to meet all comers and never yielding an inch in their position as leaders. But the pitchers for Rochester did not hold out as well as they had, the attack of the batters melted away against the sturdy ad- vance of Toronto and finally the men who had been champions so long and so often that some said they could not be beaten for the championship, were compelled to admit that defeat had overtaken them for good and all during 1912. Newark flashed for a moment in the race, then dropped as if over a cliff, and subsequently made a brave effort to scale the heights to the top, but never with any real first place probability in sight, although the team was a stubborn and hard team to beat. The finish of Newark was creditable, for Baltimore was forced back to fourth. place at the very close of the year. While Baltimore was in second place in June and July the sup- porters of the team hoped that fate was to be kind to them, but Baltimore lacked the real championship essentials. It was a team which would have needed but a little more strength to become a championship contender, but the difficulty which beset the manage- ment was to find the strength. Buffalo played about as well as could have been expected, and a little better than was expected in the early part of the season. Jersey City's early spurt was the sensation of the year. If the team had been able to secure a better outfield and one reliable win- ning pitcher it would have been more of a factor in the race than it proved to be. In connection with this contest for the championship attention is called to the very interesting fact that the winning nine finished. with a percentage of less than .600, and the losing nine with one as high as .420. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous - years are given herewith. The complete official averages for th. past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Clubs. Tor. Roch.New. Bal. Buff. Mon. J.C. Prov. Won. PC. Toronto .................. 10 14 14 14 11 15 13 91 .595 Rochester ............. 12 11 13 9 15 12 14 86 .562 Newark ................ 8 11 .. 9 1 11 14 16 80 .527 Baltimore ............. 8 8 13 .. 10 12 13 10 74 .497 Buffalo ................. 8 13 10 10 .. 11 10 9 71 .477 Montreal ............... 11 7 10 10 10 .. 12 11 71 .467 Jersey City ........... 7 10 8 9 12 10 14 70 .455 Providence ............. 8 8 6 10 12 11 8 .. 63 .420 Lost ............... 62 67 72' 75 78 81 . 84 87 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. i192 Providence ............... 616 1912-Toronto .................. .669 1892 Binghamton . ........... 667 1903-Jersey City ................736 1893-Erie ...................... .606 1904-Buffalo ................... .657 1894-Providence ............. .696 1905-Providence ...............638 1895-Springfield .................687 1906-Buffalo ................... .607 1896-Providence... ............602 1907-Toronto .619 1897-Syracuse .................. .632 1908-Baltimore ..................593 1898-Montreal .................. .586 1909-Rochester ................ .596 1899-Rochester ..................626 1910-Rochester ................. .601 1900-Providence ............... .623 1911-Rochester ................. .645 1901-Rochester ................ .645

186

I - ,U) ~ V

187

Southern Association 188

.u -UluLouaoIy LWe surprise or tne season in the race for Asso- ciation honors was Mobile. Estimates made in advance of the presumable strength of Mobile did not rate the club higher than eighth place in the race. At least a great many of the forecasts were as pessimistic as that, but "Mike" Finn had builded a great deal better than most folks imagined and at the very start of the race romped out in front and hung there, day after day, until all the Southern Association members were forced to admit their aston- ishment and concede their surprise. The Mobile club no doubt was helped materially by the good condition of the players at the beginning of the year anq by the

189

190

191

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 181 cornered fight between the three Alabama clubs would have been a sensation long to be remembered in the Southern Association. Throughout the Base Ball year the Association was more or less handicapped by unfavorable weather conditions. This was espe- cially noticeable in the early part of the season, when rain pre- vailed throughout almost all of the Gulf region. Two players who had been given major league trials. Welchonce of Nashville and Bailey of Atlanta, in reality led the batters of the circuit, although neither was on a championship team. Birming. ham's best batter was McGilvary, and Almeida, the Cuban player, who had been released by Cincinnati to the Birmingham club, was a powerful aid to his team by the able manner in which he batted the ball. J. Johnston of Birmingham made a Southern Association record for stolen bases, 81 being listed for him. In this connection it is well' to call attention to a stenographic error which made the headings of two colums in the Southern Association batting averages in the BAs BALL RECORD wrong. The column mnarked " E." should be "Stolen Bases"' and the "SB." column " Sacrifice Hits." J. John- ston of Birmingham, as just noted, should get credit for 81 stolen bases, instead of that many errors, and all the others likewise. Demaree, of the Mobile club, pitched thirty-seven innings from the beginning of the season before a run was scored against him, a most excellent performance. The first player to make a run against him proved by chance to be a member of the Birmingham team. While not the most prosperous or the most successful race in the history of the Association it will always be considered one of the most remarkable, because of the desperate fight that the Birmingham club, even though in the lead, was compelled to make constantly, to hold the advantage which it had gained. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Bir.Mob.NO.Nsh.Mem. Mon.Ch. Atl. G. W. L. T. PC. Birmingham .... .. 10 13 9 9 14 15 15 139 85 51 3 .625 Mobile .......... 10 .. 10 12 13 11 12 11 139 79 58 2 .576 New Orleans ... 7 9 .. 13 12 11 6 13 139 71 64 4 .526 Nashville ., ..... 10 8 7 .. 8 10 11 13 138 67 70 1 .489 Memphis ........ 11 6 8 12 .. 7 14 10 139 68 71 .. .489 Montgomery .... 5 9 9 10 13 .. 6 12 143 64 75 4 .460 Chattanooga .... 3 7 12 8 6 14 .. 9 138 59 75 4 .440 Atlanta ......... 5 9 5 6 10 8 11 .. 140 54 83 3 .394 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1901-Nashville ............... . .634 1907-Atlanta ....................591 1902-Nashville ................. .658 1908-Nashville .................. .573 1903-Memphis .................. .584 1909-Atlanta .......... . 640 1904-Memphis .................. .600 1910-New Orleans.............. .621 1905-New Orleans .............. .651 1911-New Orleans ...............591 1906-Birmingham .............. .652

192

-1 o J2r ^ ~- D0 0 3 0 C.Z ° R -4 E O ^ :t ' D 0; .. c I ~o is s ^w 0 ,- .. * a * :o z ,,.sw b lCs · * *

Pacific Coast League 193

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 183 Pacific Coast League With a three-cornered fight in a six-club league the Pacific Coast organization managed to inject a tremendous amount of interest into the campaign of 1912. The greatest rivalry in the league was between Qakland and Vernon, and the former team finally won the championship, but by a meager margin of four points. The -contest between these teams kept a portion of the circuit in an uproar and it was well that they were so closely matched, for without this rivalry there would have been some difficulty to inject enthusiasm into-the race, owing to the lowly position held by San Francisco. The fans in the latter city clamored for a winner,- but, as in previous years, the San Francisco players found it out of the ques- tion to get brackets. A side issue, which assisted in maintaining spirit in the. contest. was the ever-present threat of Los Angeles to catch either Oakland or Vernon and upset the possibilities of those teams. Both Los Angeles and Vernon enjoyed many pretty duels, but when 'it came to the game which Would have thrown Los Angeles into -the whirl of winning exultatio a-the-team fell just a little short and in the final stages had to- be'tiisfied with running a good third.. - Portland got a very .poor start, but after the season was twd months under way finally succeeded in pulling ahead of San Fran cisco and Sacramento and remained ahead of them until the-.race had been completed. ' .:^ A - The cellar prize fell to the ot of Sacramento. The team was not considered to b.e a' championship contender when tlie:. season began and the fact that itstarted away fairly well an4d'kept_ ou of last place until the endc'of June really gave the enthusiasts' of the city no end of satisfaction and, despite the fact that thbey did not have a championship team,, they managed to obtain a great deal of enjoyment out of th- race/ The San Francisco "fins" were perhaps the most- depresed oftall, for th.-cit.was. r r. championship or-ganiRatoin and':,o dou'ft"' : loyal support. -".<. p f."e. '> --' Heitmuller, a player:from the EiPt who was with Los .Angeles was the best batter of the league, all things considered... He-was hard pushed by another Los' Angeles player, Daley, who is among those of the Pacific League who will be. seen in a major league uniform in 1913. No great pitchers were developed in the league during the season. Indeed most of the successful pitchers were players who had served for varying terms in the major league clubs of the-East. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages' for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL JBASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON Club Won Lost P.C. Club .Won Lost P.C Oakland ........... 120 83 .591 Portland. '.......... 85 100 "' Vernon ............ 118 83 .587 inFrancisco ..... 89' 115 .436 Los Angeles ....... 110' r 98/ ' 542. cramento........ 73 121 .376 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1903-Los Angeles.....,...' . .630 1907-Los Angeles.............. .608 1904-Tacoma ...... ......... 5 .589 1908-Los Angeles............ .58 1905 Tacoma (lst series)'....... .583 1909-San Francisco............. .622 195 Los Angeles (2d series) .. .604 1910-Portland.................. .567 1906-Portland................... .657 1911-Portland................... .589 * In play-off Los Angeles won.

194

C) U2 .^ 4L4 :2 5-4 ro 0 ^ Q0 ir-l§ * c ^o U iW R -4Y 0 1:. 4 "0 ¢ ^V W 3C' g

Western League 195

196

197

1, Durham; 2, Koerner; 3, Routt; 4, Hughes; 5. McMullan; 6, Ellis; 7, Perry; S, Wacob; 9, Callahan; 10, Thomas; 11, Scott; 12, Davis; 13, Craig; 14, Middleton; 15, Pettigrew; 16, Mee; 17, Clemons. WICHITA TEAM-WESTERN LEAGUE.

Central League 198

-_:, ka oprlqlue; 0. U. AlhPerts' - * AIn.T ,f

199

200

193 >SPALDING'S OFFICIAL :BASE BALL GUIDE. inspiring fact that in 1912,. when Fort Wayne, again became a member of the ,eague, it. won the'championship. in its first year in new compani. - The- team:had: to: play the bea t . tBase Ball to be successful.. Beginning low, in thbo race, a little .Above the bottom ,of the laddere n ct, th club--fought its way,'.inch bye inch, to tebrse top, reaelng .rst ,place-. inl tbe Second week- . of July and :remaining there, except .for a moment or two 'in August- .until the year was 'ver.' ",B .T CLS i-A .: Youngstown -g te;Fort Wayne a terrific drive for the 'champion- ship and :for n.chi ' he, s'eason the. pennant i6oked as if it would Abe won by' the -'bio club:. For i6roe :th8n a- month Youngstown was in' first place and there seemed to 'e: no Chance to beat the *club for the* pebn.ant, but. the Forth W-a'ykee club was a- doughty contestant, .and 'ept: plugging steadily alng`: behind the leaders until, finally /the very speed at which Youngstwn had.been trav- eling told severely upon the .team and -it fel back. Its retrogression '.a's -nt ery far,' but it was' just far enough to carry Youngat'wh-'out :of the race. Behind Youngstown came Erie and Springfield, and both of. these teams made a grand fight. but neither was quite strong enough to defeat either Fort Wayne or Youngstown. Fifth in the race was Dayton, which did not give up its championship fight without a struggle. After these came the trailers and, as stated in the beginning, there were too many trailers to bring forth the necessary enthusi- asm to make the race a success in every city which was a member of the league. There was some good work on the part of the players, notwith- standing the fact that the league race was one-sided. The batting was fairly good and the fielding was attractive. Lejeune, a mem- ber of the Grand' Rapids team and a player who had been tried in the lmnjor leagues,; practically led the organization in batting. Knisely of Akron was another good batter, and before the season was over he was taken up by the Cincinnati club. The standing -of the elubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The com.p ite official averages for the past season will be foutil in 8rADINbG'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which Jcentains records 6of 'allleagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America .selections, . bestpQn-recordS, world series records, and records of leaderas,'in pat Gars. Illustrated. Price, '0 cents. Club. ST-N OF CLUBS'-AT CLOSE Of SEASON . - Club. : or;'. "; Fw. Y. YE: Sp. D. W x. CAn -i.G.T.wZn. B.W . rc. Fort Wayne ;....7;. .. . . 67 5' 9 8 6 .5 9 77 .597 Youngstoxvn ....:... 3'.. 4 6 7 6 6 7 7 7 710. U1 74 .578 Erie . ........... 6 8 3.. 3 4 8 8 6 96 8 9 77 .577 -Springfield . . .559.. 7 7 5 4 6- 8 7 .2 .571 Dayton . ............. 4 5 . 7 .. 7 9 6 6 8 7 9 73 .565 Wheeling ...... . 7 6 6 2 4 .. 7 8 5 6 8 7 66 .519 -Canton . ..,, : 4 5 4 5 3 5 .. 8 8 6- 6 10 64 .492 Akron ....... .......... 3 4 4 7 6 4 4 .. 8 5 7 7 59 .45 4 Grand Rapids ; . .4 5 6 4 6 7 4 3 .. 6 5 8 68 .460 Terre Haute . 6 6 4 4 6 6 .. 7 6 59 .457 -Zanesville 7.. . 7 '2 4 4 5 3 6 4 7 5.. 5 52 .400 South Bqnd .:...... .. . 1 2 3 2 4 3 6 7 . . 41 .318 Lost . . ...... 52 54 55545661666868707888 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1908-Fort Wayne ............ ::: :6 198-vansville ....600 ~1904-Fort~63 1909-Wheeling ............... ..3 1 n .624 1905-Wheeling . ................ .595 1910-South Bend................ 638 1906-Grand Rapids ..............657 1911-Dayton 628 1997-Springfield ................ .637

Eastern Association 201

202

Waters; 14,. laherty; 5 Cu Zelle Sander 12, Justin 13, SPRInNGnFIELD TwEA-CO.N ,ECTIC JT LEAG1UE SPRINGFIELD TEAMI-CONNECTICUT LEAGUE.

203

198

Indiana-Illinois-Iowa League 204

205

DANVILLE TEAM-L-I -I.4. LEAGUE.

206

*

New England League 207

208

rusnelman; 8, Reynolds; 9, J. J. O'Donnell, Se.-Treas.; 10, , cCune;, 11 Boehling; 12, Nye; 13, J. C. Burkett, Pres. and JIgr.; 14, Flaherty; 15, Weaver; 16, Crum. . Bushong, Photo. WORCESTER TEAM-NEW ENGLAND LEAGUE.

209

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 199 pionship team with a brilliant entry, slipped quickly down the line of succession until in sixth place. Then began the uphill fight, culminating in the last desperate and unsuccessful effort to over- take Lawrence in the final days of the season. Worcester played a fairly even game throughout the year, but never with the requisite strength to get higher than second place, which the team held just as it was making its entrance into the championship schedule. Lynn could not rise above mediocrety. Brockton, on the other hand, flirted with every position in the calendar, from fourth place to fifth, and had the team been possessed of any stability might have hung on for a sensational finish, but the stability was lacking. New Bedford had a moderately good team and a moderately successful year. Haverhill was ordinary and Fall River, with a convulsive run of ups and downs, finally settled in last place, in which the team finished but with no great contentment. For the season of 1913 Fall River has dropped out and will be succeeded by Portland, Maine. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPAI.DING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Law. Low.Wor.Lynn.Broc. NB. Hav. FR. Won. Lost. PC. Lawrence .......... 11 11 12 10 10 12 10 76 47 .618 Lowell ............ 6 . 12 11 9 10 13 14 75 50 .600 Worcester ........ 7 6 .. 10 9 11 11 13 67 56 .545 Lynn ....... 6 7 7 . 10 11 11 11 63 62 .504 Brockton ......... 8 9 8 8 .. 10 10 9 62 62 .500 New Bedford .... 8 8 7 7 8 .. 11 8 57 67 .460 Haverhill ........ 6 5 7 7 7 7 .. 9 48 76 .387 Fall River ....... 6 4 4 7 .9 8 8 .. 46 74 .383 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN, PREVIOUS YEARS. 1891-Worcester ............... .653 1902-Manchester ............681 1892-Woonsocket ...............670. 1903-Lowell .................. 637 1893-Fall River .................667 1904-Haverhjll ..................656 1894-Fall River .................634 1905-Concord .................. .639 1895-Fall River ................ .632 1906-Worcester............ ' .638 1896-Fall River .................636 1907-Worcester . '. . ..........679 1897-Brockton ................. .654 1908-Worcester ... ......... 45 1898-Newport-Brockton . .......667 1909--Worcester ...... .621 1899--Portland ..................636 1910--New Bedford............64 1900-Portland . 587 1911-Lowell....:..... . 626 1901-Portland.................. .598

New York State League 210

211

212

213

214

Northwestern League 215

205

216

217

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL- GUIDEi ' 207 the state of Washington. This is not one of the easiest circuits in the world to operate, owing to the conditions which confront the owners of the clubs, and that it has been so successful is a fine tribute to the men who have made it one of the most promising of the minor league circuits which have been put in existence through- out the United States. It has opened the field for the development of ball players in the Northwest and it is the impression that before long some of the cities and towns in Washington and Oregon will begin to furnish ball players to the major league circuits who. are the equal of the players in California. The latter state has sent some of the best of men to the major league circuits. -Meek of the Victoria team was perhaps the best batter in the circuit the past year. He could not bat his club into the cham- pionship, but he hit the ball for an average of .346 in 152 games, which is an'indication of his ability to meet curvyes with' orce. Since Fielder A. Jones, the old manager of the Chicagjo White Sox, has been in the Northwest he has assisted liberally in bringing the circuit of this league Uip to a higher standard and his good work as a coach has been noticeable .n.'the . improvement of the players. The future of this organization is very bright and it is the general opinion that ten years from now it will be one of the most successful and one of the most prosperous of all Base Ball circuits. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALr. RECORD, which contains records 'of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PCo: Seattle ........... 99 69 .600 Portland ........... 74 88 .457 Spokane ....... 95 72 .569 Victoria ....... 72 93 .43 Vancouver ......... 94 73 .563 Tacoma ............ 62 104 .373 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1901-Portland* ........... .675 917-Aberdeen ............... .625 1902-Butte* ..... ....... . 6081 1908--Vancouver.. ............. .657 1903-Butte*" .... ..... =609 1 909-Seattle .............: ..... .653 1904-Boise.. .......; '...; .. .625 1 1910-Spokane . .... ........... .596 1905-Everett ... ....... .618 1911-Vancouver.... ..628 19 6-Tacoma .::......... .. . 00 i* League called Pacific-Northwest. .r

218

1

Texas League 219

220

1

221

222

12, Cooper; 13, Averette; 14, Hiett; 15, Howard; 16, Thompson; 17. Nance; 18, Manes; 19, Gilvin; 20, Deardoff. FORT WORTH TEAM-TEXAS LEAGUE.

Tri-State League 223

224

1X 4 ' R .. ' E 7 . -..

225

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE; 215 outlaw club sought to obtain a foothold in Reading, but it was not successful, and ultimately its circuit went under, as all outlaw circuits must find will inevitably happen if they are not prepared to accept the fact that all is not profit nor pleasure in Base Ball. The Lancaster team found the burden a little hard to bear, owing to the falling off in patronage, and the players were transferred to Atlantic City. The Altoona team had to be switched over to Read- ing and Johnstown finished the season in Chester. It would have been imagined that with all this variety that the league would have broken down, but it did not. The owners realized that a condition was confronting them which could not be avoided and the players took everything in good part, because they saw that under organized Base Ball their employers were living up to their agreements. Harrisburg never got below second place in the race. The team -swam on the surface water from the beginning of the season until it was completed. Allentown, which was a meek and humble team when the race started, fought its way to second place before the year was over. It was the great ambition of the Trenton management to win the championship. They had put together a good team and they tried hard for the prize. They were successful in that they at one time. climbed as high as first place in the race, but there they were overtaken by Harrisburg and finally were beaten for the title. The other teams in the league did not play as well as perhaps'would have followed if the players had been established on one diamond all of the season, but all things considered the race was one upon which a minor league is to be congratulated. When conditions are so adverse to any cireiuit, as they were last year to the Tri-State circuit, and the organization is able to play through the season and meet all of its obligations and every- thing which is forced upon it that is disastrous it is time for the ball players to begin to realize that their best interests are with organized Base Ball and not with wildcat concerns, and that it should be their first effort' to help the .men who are trying to advance the cause of the game' and not to lend their support to those who would tear down what it has taken more than a quarter of a century to accomplish. The standing of the clubs and championship wifiners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the. Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world, series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price. 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Har. Allen. Tr. Alt. Wil. Read.York.Ches.Lost. PC. Harrisburg ........ ....... 6 8 5 7 3 5 3 37 .670 Allentown ........... 10 . 7 9 8 6 4 3 47 .580 Trenton .... ..... 8 9 . 10 7 6 6 5 51 .545 Atlantic City ........ 11 7 6 .. 6 10 6 6 52 .532 Wilmingto ............ 9 8 9 10 .. 8 6 4 54 .518 Reading ................ 13 10 10 6 8 .. 7 5 59 .468 York .................... 11 12 10 9 10 8 .. 5 65 .409 Chester ..................13 13 11 10 12 11 11 .. 81 .277 Won ................ 75 65 61 59 , 58 52 45 31 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1904-York ................ .... .606 1908-Williamsport ............ -.646 1905-Williamsport ............ .629 1909-Lancaster ................ .658 1906-York .................... .591 1910--Altoona .................. .655 1907-Williamsport ............ .694 1911-Reading ................ .679

Canadian League 226

i af

227

1 _ _

228

South Atlantic League 229

230

I - ----- -

231

221

Virginia League 232

222 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. Virginia League No small amount of trouble has fallen to the share of the Vir- ginia League in recent years and the organization did not escape some annoyance in 1912. Danville and Lynchburg began the season, but both of -them gave up before the race had got through June. Both were trailers in the league and perhaps that was one reason why they withdrew. Of course, added to that was the fact that the organization suffered a series of setbacks on account of poor weather, something which afflicted all teams in the east. Six clubs were left to compete and among these clubs there was a capital race. All of them were veterans of the circuit save one and the competition between them was keen, because of the heritage of old days when they had enjoyed many a good fight for a Base Ball championship among themselves. About one week before the schedule was due to be completed Roanoke, Petersburg and Richmond all bad a chance to win the championship. In the last days of the fight Richmond. the largest city in the circuit, was compelled to succumb, as Roanoke and Petersburg were too much for it. Then came the final between Roanoke and Petersburg. On the last day of the contest, with two games to be played by Roanoke and Petersburg, the Roanokes had two points of advantage over their rivals. An even break on the day, of course, meant that Roanoke would win the championship, but if Petersburg could win both games the pennant would go to that city. It was a great day for Base Ball in Virginia. In a red-hot fight Roanoke managed to split even with its rival and the championship went into the mountains. The 'Petersburg players were much chagrined, for they had been in the lead in the league during the latter part of August and were quite sure that they would be able to win the championship. While Richmond, Portsmouth and Norfolk did not attain cham- pionship heights, there never was a time when they were not factors at some moment in the race. That added interest to the contest. Newport News was last and the team did not have strength enough to get out of last place. Some team had to be -last and in view of the fact that the Newport News organization was but new to the contest it could hardly be expected that it would jump into the lead in the first year of its organization. The attendance throughout the circuit is likely to be better the coming ,season than it was in 1912, for the rivalry between the Virginia cities is now greater than ever. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Roanoke ............ 81 55 .596 Portsmouth ........ 65 63 .508 Petersburg .......... 79 54 .593 Norfolk ............ 67 65 .506 Richmond ........... 77 55 .583 Newport News .... 46 84 .354 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1906-Lynchburg ................666 1 1909-Roanoke .............. 598 1907-Norfolk ........ ..... .683 1910-Danville...................605 1908-Richmond ................ .680 1911-Petersburg ................ .571

233

Appalachian League 234

JAC_)J SMITini, W. N. SWEET, President Appalachian League. President Western Tri-State League.

235

Blue Grass League 236

Border League 237

Central Association 238

-

239

10

Central Kansas League 240

f

Cotton States League 241

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 281 Cotton States Leadue While it was necessary for the Cotton States League to make some changes in its circuit during the season of 1912, in order to finish the playing schedule without any serious trouble, the season in the main was successful. Interest in Base Ball throughout the locality where the league has established its circuit never was greater and the club owners took advantage of the enthusiasm of the fans by maintaining their organization in spite of any annoy- ances which they were compelled to face. Vicksburg and Yazoo City failed :to finish the season as. the series had been arranged for them, but, not a bit daunted by the ill fortune which befell these teams, the other clubs of the league worked to their best advantage to maintain their standing as a part of organized Base Ball. It was not wholly the fault of the teams in question that they were unable to play through the year. The weather in the early part of the spring could not have been more disastrous to a suc- cessful completion of minor league games. It seemed as if all the more important contests were almost invariably handicapped in some fashion or another by inclement weather and as the attendance fell in Vicksburg and Yazoo City and the weather continued to be bad, it was thought best to abandon Base Ball for the season, the promoters of the clubs believing that they would be better able to start the game in the season which was to follow. The, champion- ship was won by the Greenwood club 'and Jackson finished second, after giving the champions a hard race all of the year. Columbus played the season through and the owners of the Meridian club pluckily stuck it out. Prior success in developing players of ability undoubtedly encouraged all of the club owners to do their best. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. 120-game schedule, in two series. FIRST HALF. Opened April 11, closed June 19. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Vicksburg ........... 38 22 .633 Jackson .......... 28 30 .488 Yazoo City7 2 ......617 Columbus ........ 27 32 .451 Meridian ............ 30 29 .508 Greenwood ........ 17 41 .293 SECOND HALF. Opened June 20, closed August 28. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Greenwood .......... 33 23 .589 *Vicksburg ......... 24 24 .500 Jackson ............. 31 24 .564 Meridian ....... 22 22 .500 Columbus ........... 29 27 .518 *Yazoo City ......4 34 .105 *Failed to finish season as per schedule. CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1910-Greenwood ............. .664 1911-Vicksburg.......... .685

Illinois-Missouri League 242

243

Kentucky-Indiana-Tennessee League 244

the pennant, of course that had its share of discouragement for the supporters of the circuit. The champions played good ball from the start of the season until the finish. They were out of the lead but once and that was in the very start of the season. It did not last long. Before the second week of June had been completed they were back in the lead and from that time until the end of the race Clarksville always was in front. Henderson finished second in the race. The team got a poor start, but good management brought it up the ladder from last place until it became the runner-up in July. From that time until the end of the year it made all the fight with Clarksville, but never

245

-

246

Michigan State League 247

1, warner; 2, Cummings; a. Williams; 4, Benn; o, Uritz; o, Anderson; 7, Prough; 8. Case; 9, Monush; 10, Hart; 11, Haidt; 12, Lewis, Mgr.; 13, Jones; 14, Burns. Mascot. MANISTEE TEAM-MICHIGAN STATE LEAGUE. was unusually good. Jones and Benn, two pitchers of Manistee, were his nearest rivals. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Manistee ............ 83 35 .703 Boyne City ......... 50 69 .420 Traverse City ...... 79 40 .664 Muskegon ........... 48 70 .407 Ludington ........... 60 59 .504 Cadillac ............. 35 82 .299 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1910-Cadillac................... .558 1 Manistee ........................ .622

248

IP rP a rm

249

Missouri-Iowa-Nebraska-Kansas League 250

251

--- --- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Nebraska State League 252

253

- - -

North Carolina League 254

7.· K Ig

255

Ohio-Pennsylvania League 256

257

Ohio State League 258

UORT'£SMOUTH TEAM-CHAMPIONS OHIO STATE LEAGUE.

Southeastern League 259

Southern Michigan Association 260

i, 'royu; :. Carnes; s, Walters; 4, SOD. White; o, scott; 6, Campoeli; T. Smith; 8, F. White; 9, Simons; 10, D..Jenkins, Mgr.; 11, Heuderson; 12, Huhn; 13, Ferren; 14, Curly Henderson, Jr., Mascot. ADRIAN TEAM-CHAMPIONS SOUTHERN MICHIGAN ASSOCIATION. a runaway race for the pennant, but the Adrian club, which started slow, gradually pulled up on them and in the last week of the race overhauled them and went into Battle Creek for the last three days of the season with a two-game lead. In order to win the pennant Battle Creek had to win all four games (a postponed game being played the first day), or to get a tie had to win three out of the four games. On the first day each won a game, making it necessary for Battle Creek to win the following two games. They succeeded in winning the Saturday game in a ten-inning struggle, but were given a terrible trouncing in the last game, Adrian beating them, 11 to 0. There had been rumors of Battle Creek playing ineligible players and Actihg-President Burkhart started a quiet investigation, with the result that he forfeited twelve games that Battle Creek had won from various clubs while playing M. J. Donovan, under the name of Murray, this man being on the suspended list of the Dayton club, and two games that they won from Adrian in the last four- game series for playing Coleman of the Kewanee club under the name of Burke. This penalty put Battle Creek last.

261

262

w

Union Association 263

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 2 6 Union Association When the late W. H. Lucas, who did much to develop Base Ball in the great region of the Northwest, founded the Union Associa- tion he laid the beginning of a new field for the national game whch gives promise of bringing forth great fruit in the future. The second year of the Union Association found a six-club cir- cuit, confined to Utah and Montana, but arousing enthusiasm in a section of the country that was just beginning to learn the advan- tages of organized Base Ball. A real league championship appeals almost invariably to the enthusiasts of any region to a larger extent than a pennant contest among teams not pledged to fight for the title on a regularly mapped out schedule. When Mr. Lucas entered into this new territory he found con- ditions timely for organization and it is a lamentable fact that he did not live long enough to witness the good results which have followed his undertaking. Ogden took the place of Boise in the league for the season. It was a satisfactory change and Ogden had the pleasure of not fin- ishing in last place, a fact which frequently materializes when a city is making its first entry into the national game. The pennant for 1912 was won by Missoula, a team which began in first place and stubbornly held its own against all its rivals. In May and June Missoula retained the lead and finally dropped back to second place during the month of July, when Salt Lake City pressed it hardest. It was too keen a pace for Salt Lake City, however, and after a week in the lead during the first of August the Missoula team forced Salt Lake City back to second place, where the club remained during the balance of the schedule. Meanwhile, after Missoula once regained the lead, its reserve strength was powerful enough to hold it in front until the schedule was completed. Great Falls, the championship team of the year preceding, had the honor of making one of the most unusual records in Base Ball. It began third, finished third and, in fact, played third all of the season. Ogden, Butte and Helena were the second division contenders, and Helena, after a brief struggle, finally dropped back to last place. It was by no means a one-sided race, in spite of the fact that the clubs from the beginning of the season clung so desperately to the positions which they had outlined for themselves early in the year. The Association ultimately seems bound to prosper, as its clubs are located in growing and enterprising cities. At a meeting of the Union Association, held January 23, at Butte, Mont., E. C. Mulroney, a prominent lawyer of Butte, was unanimously elected president to succeed the late William H. Lucas, and E. F. Murphy, also of Butte, was the choice for vice-president. The standing of the clubs and championship winners in previous years are given herewith. The complete official averages for. the past season will be found in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, which contains records of all leagues, the Hall of Fame, All-America selections, best-on-records, world series records, and records of leaders in past years. Illustrated. Price, 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON.. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Missonla ............ 83 51 .620 Ogden. ........:.... 71 68 .11 Salt Lake City ...... 77 61 .558 Butte .53 82 .393 Great Falls ......... 72 61 .541 Helena ............ 50 83 .376 Champions: 1911 .............. Great Falls .662

Western Canada League 264

A Remarkable Base Ball Tournament 265

I 10 . 0

266

267

257

268

Elementary School Base Ball Tournament 269

259

Base Ball in France 270

271

"SLIDING TO SECOND." Bronze Trophy presented by Mr. A. G. Spalding in 1908 to the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, to be competed for annu- ally by the High Schools in that organization. The first winner was Commercial High School, Manhattan, 1908; Morris High School won it in 1909; Commercial High School, Brooklyn, in 1910; Newtown High School, Queens, 1911, and Erasmus High School, Brooklyn, in 1912.

272

I I I I I

273

274

Base Ball in France (From the Paris edition of the New York Herald.) Union Francaise de Base Ball, Siege Social: 25 Rue Bergere, Paris. To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD: SIR: I have the honor to inform you that on October 27, 1912, at 25 Rue Bergere, Paris, there was organized "l'Union Francaise de Base Ball." The organizing committee was composed of the following: Franz O. Mes- serly, president; O. Seigle, first vice-president; M. Reckinger, second vice- president; E. Benoit, secretary; R. Seigle, assistant secretary; George 0. Messerly, treasurer. L'Union Francaise de Base Ball has been instituted for the following objects: first, to establish a base ball club; second, to propagate the game in France; third, to aid in establishing other base ball clubs. To attain this end the French Base Ball Union puts itself at the disposal of all sportsmen who desire to play base ball, and to any person who may wish to organize clubs we will furnish the necessary directions. -- F. MESSERLY. L'ASSOCIATION DE BASE BALL, 10 Rue de Castellane, Paris. This association has for its object the cultivation of the game of base ball among the pupils of French colleges and schools, particularly, and among French youth generally. M. Burgess is the honorary president; Vicomte Jacques de Saint Maurice is president, and M. Robert Baranger, vice-president. MM. Arrivot, Ogier, d'H6bray de Pouzals, Labergerie, Bertrand, Berincout, Soupault, Mery and Paul-Boncour are charter members. The boys are around fifteen years of age, and generally play on Thursday afternoons, the French college and school holiday.

SPALDING'S SIMPLIFIED BASE BALL RULES 275

266

276

266 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. straight line, extending from home plate to the center of second base. It, too, should be denoted by a plate of whitened rubber, to be sunk until its upper surface is on a level with the surface of the field. This plate should be the shape of a parallelo- gram twenty-four inches long by six inches wide, with the longer sides of the parallelogram at right angles to home plate. If a diamond smaller than the regulation size be used, the pitcher's position should be relatively closer to home plate. (For detailed description of laying out a "diamond" see Rules Nos. 1 to 13, inclusive, of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) The Ball The Spalding Official National League Ball is used in regula- tion games, but for players fifteen years of age or younger, the Spalding Official "National -League Junior" ball, made the same as- the National League Ball, only slightly smaller in size, should be used, for it better fits the boy's hand and pre- vents straining the arm in throwing. (See Rule No. 14 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) The Redulation Bat The Bat must always be round and not to exceed 2 4 inches in diameter at the thickest part. Spalding Trade Mark Bats are made to suit all ages and physiques, and are strictly in accordance with official regulations. (See Rule No. 15 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Redulation Gloves and Mitts The catcher or first baseman may wear a glove or mitt of any size, shape or weight. Every other player is restricted to the use of a glove or mitt weighing not over ten ounces and measuring not over fourteen inches around the palm. Spalding's Trade Marked Gloves and Mitts are regulation weight and size and are used by all champion players. (See Rule No. 20 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Players' Uniforms Games played by players not clad in a regular uniform are called "scrub" games and are not recorded as "match" games. Every club should adopt a regular uniform, not only to enable the players to play properly and with comfort, but to distin- guish one team from the other. (See Rule No. 19 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.). Players' Benches All ball grounds should be provided with two players' benches back of and on each side of the home plate. They must be not less than twenty-five feet outside of the coachers' lines. The coachers may not go within fifteen feet of the base lines. Each team should occupy one of these benches exclusively, and their bats and accoutrements should be kept near the bench. (See Rule No. 21 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.)

277

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASM BALL GUIDL 267 Field Rules No person shall be allowed upon any part of the playing field except the players in uniform, the manager of each side (and the latter not when the game is in progress, except that he is in uniform); the umpire and the officers of the law. No manager, captain, or player is supposed to address the specta- tors. In a regular League match this is considered a viola- tion of the rules. (See Rules Nos. 75-77 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Soilind and Providind Balls No player shall be allowed to soil a new ball prior to put- ting it into play. In League games the home team provides the ball. It is customary in smaller leagues to expect the home team to do the same. The umpire has-the custody of the ball when it is not in play, but at the conclusion of the game the ball becomes the property of the winning team. (See Rule No. 14 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Number and Position of Players Two teams make up each contest with nine players on each side. The fielders are known as the pitcher, the catcher, the first baseman, the second baseman, the third baseman, the shortstop, the left fielder, the center fielder' and the right fielder. None of these'is required to occupy an exact position on the field, except the pitcher, who must stand with his foot touching the pitcher's plate when in the act of delivering the ball to the batter, and the catcher, who must be within the "catcher's space" behind the batter and within ten feet of home plate. Players in uniform must not occupy seats in the stands or mingle with the spectators. (See Rules Nos. 16, 17 and 18 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Substitute Players It is always advisable to have a sufficient number of sub, stitutes in uniform ready to take the field in case any player shall become disabled or be disqualified. It is the duty of the captain of each team immediately to announce changes of players to the umpire, and the umpire shall announce them to the opposing team and spectators. When a pitcher is taken from his position his substitute must continue to pitch until the batsman has reached first base or has been put out. (See Rule No. 28 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Choice of Innings- Fitness of Field for Play The home team has the choice of innings and determines whether the ground is fit for play providing it has rained before the beginning of the game. If two clubs from the same

278

268 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. city are playing, the captain of the team on whose ground the game is played has the choice of innings. (See Rule No. 29 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) A Regulation Game The game begins with the fielders of the team losing the choice of innings in their respective positions. The first batter of the opposing team is in his "box" at home plate. This "box" is a parallelogram, six feet by four, on either side of home plate, and six inches back from the furthest corner of the plate. If it is not possible to outline a "box" it should be remem- bered that the batter is never allowed to step over home plate to strike at the ball, and that he must not run forward toward the pitcher, to exceed three feet from the center of the plate, to strike at the ball. The umpire may take his position, at his option, either behind the pitcher or the catcher. He judges all balls and strikes, declares all outs, decides whether the ball is batted foul or fair, decides as to the legality of the pitcher's deliv- ery, and, in fact, has complete control of the game. His decisions must never be questioned, except by the captain of either team, and only by the latter when there is a difference of opinion as to the correct interpretation of the rules. The team at bat is allowed two coaches on the field, one opposite first base and the other opposite third base, but they must never approach either base to a distance closer than fifteen feet, and must not coach when there are no runners on the bases. Whenever a*player is substituted on a nine he must always bat in the order of the man who retires from the game. A player may be substituted at any time, but the player whose place he takes is no longer eligible to take part in the contest. When a substitute takes the pitcher's place in the box he must remain there until the batsman then at bat either is retired or reaches first base. A game is won when the side first at bat scores fewer runs in nine innings than the side second at bat. This rule applies to games of fewer innings. Thus, whenever the side second at bat has scored more runs in half an inning less of play than the side first at bat it is the winner of the game, pro- vided that the side first at bat has completed five full innings as batsmen. A game is also won if the side last at bat scores the winning run before the third hand is out. In case Of a tie game play continues until at the end of even innings one side has scored more runs than the other, provided that if the side last at bat scores the winning run before the third hand is out the game shall terminate. This latter provision applies to a regular nine-inning game. Rul- ings relative to drawn games and games that are called because of atmospheric disturbances, fire or panic will be found under the head of "Umpire's Duties." (See Rules Nos. 22-27 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Pitching Rules Before pitching the ball the pitcher must face the batdman with both feet squarely on the ground and in front of the

279

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 269 pitcher's plate. When the ball is delivered the pitcher must face the batter and one of his feet must be in contact with the pitcher's plate. Not more than one step must be taken in the act of delivery. Whenever the ball after being pitched and without striking the ground goes over any part of home plate between the knee and the shoulder of the batsman it must be called a strike, whether the batsman strikes at it or not. If the pitcher fails to deliver the ball over any part of the plate, or if he delivers it over the plate above the shoulder or below the knee and the batsman declines to strike at it, it is called a ball, or if the bases are unoccupied, any ball delivered by the pitcher while either foot is not in contact with the pitcher's plate shall be called a ball. If the ball touches the ground before it passes home plate and is not struck at by the batsman, it is a ball and must be called as such by the umpire. If struck at, it is, of course, recorded as a strike. At the beginning of each inning the pitcher is allowed to throw five balls to the catcher or to an infielder for "warming- up" practice, the batsman refraining from occupying his posi- tion in the "box" at home plate. After the batsman steps into his position the pitcher must not throw the ball around the infield, except to retire a base runner. If he violates this rule and, in the opinion of the umpire, is trying to delay the game, the umpire may call a ball for every throw thus made. If the pitcher occupies more than twenty seconds in delivering the ball to the batter the umpire may call a ball for each offense of this nature. The pitcher must not make any motion to deliver the ball to the batsman and fail to do so, nor must he feint to throw to first base when it is occupied by a runner and fail to complete the throw. Violation of this rule constitutes a balk which gives all runners who are on the bases at the time an opportunity to advance a base each without being put out. A balk is also declared when the pitcher throws to any base to catch a runner without stepping directly toward that base in the act of making the throw; when either foot of the pitcher is behind the pitcher's plate when he delivers the ball; when he fails to face the batsman in the act of delivering the ball; when neither foot of the pitcher is in contact with the' pitcher's plate in the act of delivering the ball; when in the opinion of the umpire the pitcher is purposely delaying the game; when he stands in his position and makes any motion with any part of his body corresponding to his customary mo- tion when pitching and fails immediately to deliver the ball; when he delivers the ball to the catcher when the latter is outside of the catcher's box. When a pitched ball, at which the batsman has not struck, hits the batsman before the catcher touches it, the umpire must call it a dead ball and no base runner can advance. The batsman, however, must be' in his position at the time that the ball hits him and must make every effort to get out 'of' the way of the ball if he fears that it will hit him. If a batsman makes a foul strike if a foul hit is not caught, if the umpire declares a dead ball, or if a fair hit ball touches a base runner or umpire, if the pitcher makes a balk, or if there is interference with fielder or batsman, the ball is not in play until after it has been returned to the pitcher standing in his position, and the umpire has given the Word to resume play. No base runners may advance when the ball is not in play.

280

270 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE' BALL GUIDB. Whenever a person not engaged in the game touches a batted or thrown ball, a block follows. This must at once 6e an- nounced by the umpire, and runners shall be privileged to advance bases until the ball is thrown to the pitcher, standing in his position. After that they advance at their peril. The pitcher may then throw a runner out wherever he sees a possibility of doing so. Should a. spectator retain possession of a blocked ball, or throw it or kick it out of the reach of the fielder who is endeavoring to recover it, the umpire must call "Time," and hold all runners at such bases as they occu- pied when he called "Time" until after he has permitted play to resume, with the ball returned to the pitcher standing in his position. (See Rules Nos. 30-37 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Battind Rules Before the game begins each captain must present the bat- ting order of his team to the umpire, who shall submit it to the captain of the other side. This batting order is followed throughout the game except when a player is substituted for another, the substitute batting in the order of the retired player. Each player of each nine must go to bat in his regular order unless a substitute has been authorized to take his place. After the first inning the first batter in each succeeding inning is the player following the man who completed his full time at bat in the inning before. For instance, if a batter has but one strike in the first inning and the third hand be put out while he is at bat, he becomes the first batter in the following inning, not having completed his full time at bat in the inning previous. In such case, any balls and strikes called in the previous inning do not count when he resumes his time at bat. Players of the side at bat must remain on their seats on the players' bench except when called upon to bat, to coach, or to- act as substitute base runners. No player of the side at bat except the batsman is priv- ileged to stand in the space behind the catcher, or to cross it while the pitcher and catcher are handling the ball. Players sitting on the bench of the side at bat must get out of the way of fielders who approach them while trying to, field a batted or thrown ball. Any legally batted ball that settles on fair ground (the infield) between home and first base, or between home and third base, or that bounds from fair ground to the outfield inside of first base, or third base, or that touches the person of a player or the umpire on fair ground, is a fair hit. A fair hit is also any legally batted ball that first falls on fair territory beyond first base or third base. Any legally batted ball that settles on foul ground is a foul hit, except that a ground hit, should it roll from foul to fair territory between first and home and third and home, and remain there, is a fair hit. A ground hit that first strikes fair territory and rolls out- side of the foul line between first and home, or third and home, is a foul hit. Any legally batted ball that falls on foul territory: beyond

281

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 271 first base, or third base, or that touches the person of a player or an umpire on foul ground, is a foul hit. A foul tip is the continuation of a strike which has merely been touched by the bat, shoots directly into the hands of the catcher and is held by him. A bunt hit is legally tapping the ball slowly within the infield by the batsman. If a foul result, which is not legally caught, the batsman is charged with a strike, whether it be the first, second or third strike. Any hit going outside the ground is fair or foul as the umpire judges its flight at the point at which it passes beyond the limitations of the enclosure in which the contest takes place. A legal home run over a wall or a fence can only be made when the wall or fence is 235 feet from the home plate. This rule is not invariably followed in amateur games. If the batsman strikes at a pitched ball and misses it, a strike is called. If the batsman fails to strike at a pitched ball which passes over the plate at the proper height, a strike is called. A foul tip caught by the catcher is a strike. A foul hit, whether a fly or a ground hit, bounding to any part of foul ground, is a strike unless the batter has two strikes. After two strikes the batter may foul the ball without penalty unless he bunts or is caught out on a foul fly. All bunts rolling foul are strikes. If the batsman strikes at the ball and misses it, but the ball'hits him, it is a strike. If the batsman, with either of his feet out of the batsman's box, hits the ball in any way it is a foul strike and the bats- man is out. If a batsman bats out-of turn and it is discovered after he has completed his time at bat, but -before the ball has been delivered to the succeeding. batsman, the player who should have batted is out, and no runs can be scored, or bases be run, on any play made by the wrong batter. This penalty' is not enforced unless the error has been discovered before the ball is delivered by the pitcher to the succeeding batsman. If the error is discovered while the' wrong batsman is at bat, the proper player 'may take his place, but he must be charged with whatever balls and strikes have already been recorded against the wrong batsman. Whenever this happens the batters continue to follow each other in their regular order. Should the batsman who is declared out for batting out of order be the third hand out, the proper batsman in the next inning is the player who would have come to bat had the side been retired by ordinary play in the preceding inning. The batsman is out if he fails to take his position within one minute after the umpire has called for him. The batsman is out if a foul fly, other than a foul tip, is caught by a fielder, providing the latter does not use his cap - his protector, or any illegal contrivance to catch the ball, and providing the ball does not strike some object other than a fielder before being caught. It has been ruled that when the ball lodges in the catcher's protector by accident and he secures it before it falls to the ground, the catch is fair. This. is a very exceptional play. The batsman is out whenever he attempts to hinder the catcher from fielding or throwing the ball, either by stepping outside of the lines of his position or by deliberate obstruc- tion. The batsman is out when three strikes are called and 4rst

282

272 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. base is occupied, whether the catcher holds the ball or not, except there be two hands out at the time. The batsman is out, if, while attempting a third strike, the ball touches any part of his person, and base runners are not allowed to advance. Before two men are out, if the batsman pops up a fly to the infield with first and second, or first, second and third bases occupied, he is out if the umpire dedides that it is an infield hit. The umpire shall immediately odclare when the ball is hit whether it is an infield hit or an ootfield hit. It is cus- tomary for the umpire to call the batter out in case that he decides it an infield hit, so that base runners may be pro- tected and not force each other out through the medium of a double play. The batsman is out on a bunt that rolls foul if the attempted bunt be made on the third strike. The batsman is out if he steps from one batsman's box to the other after the pitcher has taken his position to pitch. (See Rules Nos. 38-51 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. ) Base Runnind Rules After the batsman makes a fair hit in which he is not put out he must touch first, second and third bases, and then the home plate in regular succession in order to score a run. No base runner may score ahead of the men who precedes him in the batting order, if that player is also a base runner. The batsman must run to first base immediately after mak- ing a fair hit, or when four balls have been called by the umpire or when three strikes have been declared by the umpire. If the batsman is hit by a pitched ball, either on his per- son or clothing, and the umpire is satisfied that the batsman did not purposely get in the way of the ball, and th it he used due precaution to avoid it, he is entitled to run to first base without being put out. The batsman is entitled to run to first base without being put out if the catcher interferes with him or tries to prevent him from striking at the ball. The batsman is entitled to first base, without being put out, if a fair hit ball hit either the person or clothing of an umpire or a base runner who is on fair ground. Whenever the umpire sends the batsman to first base after four balls have been called, or for being hit by a pitched ball. or because he has been interfered with by the catcher, al; runners on bases immediately ahead of him may advance a base each without being put out. A runner on second or thirn base with first base unoccupied would not be considered a runner immediately ahead. Any base ruiner is entitled to advance one base when thb umpire calls a balk. Any base runner is entitled to advance one base when tht ball, after being delivered by the pitcher, passes the catchei and touches any fence or building within ninety feet of the home plate. The penalty in regard to touching a fence or building is frequently waived by mutual consent where the ground area is limiteii. If a fielder obstructs a base runner the latter may go to the next base without being put out, providing the fielder did not have the ball in his hand with which to touch the runner. All base runners may advance three bases whenever a fielder

283

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL IASE BALL GUID.I 273 stops or catches the ball with his cap, glove, or any part of his uniform detached from its proper place on his person. Should a thrown or pitched ball strike the person or clothing of an umpire on foul ground, the ball is not dead, and base runners are entitled to all the bases they can make. The base runner shall return to his base without liability of being put out when a foul is not legally caught, when a ground ball is batted foul, or when the batter illegally bats the ball. On a dead ball the runner shall return to his base without liability of being put out, unless it happens to be the fourth pitched ball to the batter, in which case, if first, or first and second base, or first, second and third bases be occupied, run- ners shall advance to the next bases in regular order. If by accident the umpire interferes with the catcher's throw, or a thrown ball hits the umpire, on fair ground, the runner must return to his base and is not to be put out. If a pitched ball is struck at by the batsman, but missed, and the ball' hits the batsman, the runner must return to his base and may not be put out. If the umpire is struck by a fair hit ball before it touches a fielder, or the umpire declares the bats- man or another base runner out for interference. In any of the above cases the runner is not required to touch any inter- vening bases to reach the base to which he is legally entitled. If after the third strike has been called and missed by the catcher the then batsman attempts to hinder the catcher from fielding the ball, he is out. Any fly ball legally hit by the batsman and legally caught on fair or foul ground is out. Three strikes are out if the catcher holds the ball. In case he drops it, but picks it up, and touches the batsman, or throws it to first base, and the first baseman touches the base, or the batsman, before the latter can get to first base, the batsman is out. Should the batsman make a fair hit and in the last half of the distance between home plate and first base run more than three feet outside of the base line, he is out, except that he may run outside of the line to avoid interference with a fielder trying to field the ball as batted. This rule is construed rather liberally owing to the great speed with which runners go to first base. Whenever the runner is on the way from first to second base, second to third base, or third base to home plate, or in reverse order trying to secure the base which he has just left, he must keep within three feet of a direct line between bases. If he runs out of line to avoid being touched by a fielder, he is out. However, if a fielder is on the line trying to field a batted ball, the runner may run -behind him to avoid interference, and shall not be called out for it. Interference with a fielder attempting to field a batted ball retires the runner, unless two fielders are after the same hit, and the runner collides with the one whom the umpire be- lieves to have had the lesser opportunity to field the ball. The runner is always out at any time that he may be touched by the ball in the hands of a fielder, unless the runner is on the base to which he is legally entitled. The ball, how- ,ever, must be held by the fielder after he has touched the runner. If_ the runner deliberately knocks the ball out of the fielder's hands, to avoid being put out when not on base, he shall be declared out. If a runner fails to get back to a base after a foul or fair

284

274 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE' BALL GUIDL. hit fly ball is caught, other than a foul tip, before the ball is fielded to that base and legally held, or the runner be touched by a fielder with the ball in his hands before he can get back to the base last occupied, the runner is out, except that if the ball be thrown to the pitcher, and he delivers it to the batter, this penalty does not apply. If a base should be torn from its fastenings as the runner strikes it, he cannot be put out. If a runner is on first base, or runners are on first and second bases, or on first, second and third bases, and the ball shall be legally batted to fair ground, all base runners are forced to run, except in the case of an infield fly (previously referred to), or a long fly to the outfield. Runners may be put out at any succeeding base if the ball is fielded there and properly held, or the runners may be touched out between bases in the proper manner. After a foul fly is caught, or after a long fly to the outfield is caught, the base runners have the privilege of trying for the next base. A base runner hit by a legally batted ball in fair territory is out. In such case no base shall be run, unless necessitated by the batsman becoming a base runner. No run shall be scored nor shall any other base runner be put out except the ore hit by the batted ball, until the umpire puts the ball in play. A runner who fails to touch each base in regular or reverse order, when a fair play is being made, is out if the ball be properly held by a fielder on the base that should have been touched, or the runner be touched out between bases by the ball legally held by a fielder, provided that the ball has not been delivered to the batsman in the meantime by the pitcher. If a runner fails to return to the base that he occupied when "Time" was called after the umpire has announced "Play" he is out, provided that the pitcher has not in the meantime delivered the ball to the batsman. The runner is out if he occupies third base with no one out or one out and the batsman interferes with a play that is being made at home plate. The runner is out if he passes a base runner who is caught between two bases. The moment that he passes the preceding base runner the umpire shall declare him out. When the batter runs to first base he may overrun that base if he at once returns and retouches it. An attempt to run to Mecond base renders him liable to bP put out. If, while third base is occupied, the coacher at' third base shall attempt to fool a fielder who is making or trying to make a play on a batted ball not caught on the fly, or on a thrown ball, and thereby draws a throw to home plate, the runner on third base must be declared out. If one or more members of the team at bat gather around a base for which a runner is trying, thereby confusing the fielding side, the runner trying for the base shall be declared out. If a runner touches home plate before another runner pre- ceding him in the batting order, the former loses his right to third base. (See Rules Nos. 52-57 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Coaching Rules The coachers must confine themselves to legitimate diree- -tions of the base runners only, and there must never be more

285

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 275 than two coachers on the field, one near first base and the'other near third base. (See Rule No. 58 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Scorind of Runs One run shall be scored every time that a player has made the legal circuit of the bases before three men are out, pro- vided that a runner who reaches home on or during a play in which the third man is forced out, or the third man is put out before reaching first bade, the runner shall not be entitled to score. A player who makes a legal hit to fair territory is entitled to as many bases as he can advance without being put out. If a fielder is unable to get the ball home until the man has completed the circuit of 4the bases, the latter is entitled to a home run, provided the fielder has not made a misplay in handling the ball. The same rule applies to the making of a three-base hit, a two-base hit, or a hit for one base, which is also known as a single. A force-out can be made only when a base runner legally loses the right to the base he occupies by the batsman becoming a base runner and he is thereby obliged to advance. (See Rule No. 59 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Ground Rules Any special ground rules shall be understood by both team captains and the umpire, or umpires, in case there be two officials. The captain of the home club establishes the ground rules, but if the visiting captain objects, the matter must be left to the umpire, who has final jurisdiction. (See Rule No. 69 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Umpire's Duties When there are two umpires, the umpire behind the plate is the "Umpire-in-Chief," and the umpire on the bases the "Field Umpire." The "Umpire-in-Chief" has full charge of the game, makes all decisions on balls and strikes and decides all fair and foul hits. If a ball is hit fair, with a runner on first, he must go to third to make a possible decision; with more than one base occupied, he decides whether a runner on third base leaves the base before a fly ball is caught, and if a runner is caught between third and6 home, with more than one base occupied he decides on the runner nearest home plate. He, alone, can forfeit a game. The Field Umpire makes the other decisions. When there is but one umpire he has complete jurisdiction over everything. The umpire has the right to call a draw game, whenever a storm interferes, if the score is equal on the last inning played. Calling a "draw game" must not be confounded with calling "time." If the side second at bat is at bat when a storm breaks, and the game is subsequently terminated without further play, and this side has scored the same number of runs as the other side, the umpire can call the game a draw without regard to the score of the last equal inning. In other words, the game is a draw just as it rests.

286

276 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. Under like conditions if the side second at bat has scored more runs than the side first at bat, it shall be declared the winner, all runs for both sides being counted. A game can be forfeited by the umpire if a team refuses to take the field within five minutes after he has called "Play"; if one side refuses to play after the game has begun; if, after the umpire has suspended play, one side refuses to play after he has again called "Play"; if one side tries to delay the game; if the rules are violated after warning by the umpire; if there are not nine players on a team after one has been removed b3 the umpire. The umpire has the right to remove players for objecting to decisions or for behaving in an un- gentlemanly manner. Only by the consent of the captain of an opposing team may a base runner have a player of his own side run for him. Play may be suspended by the umpire because of rain, and if rain falls continuously for thirty nminutes the umpire may terminate the game. The umpire may call "Time" for any valid reason. Umpire's Authority Under no circumstances shall a captain or player dispute the accuracy of an umpire's judgment and decision on a plafy. If the captain thinks the umpire has erred in interpretation of the rules he may appeal to the umpire, but no other player is privileged to do so. (See Rules Nos. 60-77 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. ) General Definitions "Play" is the order of the umpire to begin the game or to resume it after "Time" has been called. "Time" is the order of the umpire to suspend play tem- porarily. "Game" is the announcement of the umpire that the contest is terminated. "Inning" is the time at bat of one team and is terminated when three of that team have been legally put out. "Time at Bat" is the duration of a batter's turn against the pitcher until he becomes a base runner in one of the ways prescribed in the previous rules. In scoring a batter is exempt from a time at bat if he is given a base on balls, if he makes a sacrifice hit, if he is hit by a pitched ball, or if he is inter- fered with by the catcher. (See Rules Nos. 78-82 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. ) Scorind Rules Each side may have its own scorer and in case of disagree- ment- the umpire shall decide, or the captain of each team may agree upon one Corer for the match. (See Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide for the Scoring Rules. and Spalding's Athletic Library, No. 350-"How to Score," Price 10 Cents.

READY REFERENCE INDEX To the Official Playing Rules as Published in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. 287

277

288

278 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE.

Official Playing Rules Professional Base Ball Clubs 289

279

290

280 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. The Foul Lines. From the intersection point, F, continue RULE 4. the straight lines F G and F H until'they intersect the lines L M and L 0, and then from the points G and H in the opposite direction until they reach the boundary lines of the ground, and said lines shall be clearly visible from any part of the diamond, and no wood or other hard substance shall be used in the con- struction of such lines. The Players' Lines. With F as center and 50 feet radius, RULE 5. describe arcs cutting lines F O and F M at P and Q; then, with F as center again and 75 feet radius, describe arcs cutting F G and F H at R and S; then, from the points P, Q, R and S draw lines at right angles to the lines F 0, F M' F G and F H, and continue the same until they intersect at the points T and W. The Coachers' Lines. With R and S as centers and 15 feet RULE 6. radius, describe arcs cutting the lines R W and S T at X and Y and from the points X and Y draw lines parallel with the lines F H and F G, and continue same out to the boundary lines of the ground. The Three-Foot Line. With F as a center and 45 feet radius, RULE 7. describe an arc cutting the line F G at I, and from I to the distance of three feet draw a line at right angles to F G, and marked point 2; then from point 2 draw a line parallel with the line F G to a point three feet beyond the point G, marked 3; then from the point 3 draw a line at right angles to line 2, 3, back to and intersecting with F G, and from thence back along the line G F to point I. The Batsman's Lines. On either side of the line A F B de. RULE 8. scribe two parallelograms six feet long andc four feet wide (marked 8 and 9), their longest side being parallel with the line A F B, their distance apart being six inches added to each end of the length of the diagonal of the square within the angle F, and the center of their length being on said diagonal.

291

283

292

282 PALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDU. The Ball. SECTION I. The ball must weigh not less RULE 14. than five nor more than five and one-quar- ter ounces avoirdupois, and neasure not less than nine nor more than nine and one-quarter inches in circumference. The Spalding National League Ball or the Reach American League Ball must be used in all games played under these rules. SEC. 2. Two regulation balls of the make adopted by the league of which the contesting clubs are members, shall be delivered by the home club to the umpire at or before the hour for the commencement of a championship game. If the ball placed in play be batted or thrown out of the grounds or into one of the stands for spectators or in the judgment of the umpire, become unfit for play from any cause, the umpire shall at once deliver the alter- nate ball to the pitcher and another legal ball shall be sup- plied to him, so that he shall at all times have in his con- trol one or more alternate balls. Provided, however, that ;all balls batted or thrown ott of the ground or into a stand shall when returned to the field be given into the custody of the umpire immediately and become alternate balls and so long as he has in his possession two or more alternate balls, he shall not call for a new ball to replace one that has .gone out of play. The alternate balls shall become the ball in play in the order in which they were delivered to the umpire. SEC. 3. Immediately upon the delivery to him of the alternate ball by the umpire, the pitcher shall take his posi- tion and on the call of "Play," by the umpire, it shall be- ,come the ball in play. Provided, however, that play shall not be resumed with the alternate ball when a fair batted ball or a ball thrown by a fielder goes out of the ground or into a stand for spectators until the base-runners have completed the circuit of the bases unless compelled to stop at second or third base in compliance with a ground rule. The Spalding League Ball has been adopted by the National League for the past thirty-six years and is used in all the League contests. It has also been adopted by the majority of other professional leagues and by practically all the colleges. For junior clubs (clubs composed of boys under 16 years of age) we recommend them to use the Spalding Boys' League Ball, and that games played by junior clubs with this ball will count as legal games the same :as if played with the Official League Ball.

293

283

294

284 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. his position as defined in Rules 9 and 30; and the catcher must be within the lines of his position, as defined in Rule 3, and within Io feet of home base, whenever the pitcher delivers the ball to the bat. Must Not Mingle With Spectators. Players in uniform shall not be permit- RULE 18. ted to occupy seats in the stands, or to mingle with the spectators. Uniforms of Players. 'Every club shall adopt two uniforms for RULE 19. its players, one to be worn in games at home and the other in games abroad, and the suits of each'of the uniforms of a team shall conform in color and style. No player who shall attach anything to the sole or heel of his shoe other than the ordinary base ball shoe plate, or who shall appear in a uniform not con- forming to the suits of the other members of his team, shall be permitted to take part in a game. Size and Weight of Gloves. The catcher or first baseman may wear a RULE 20. glove or mitt of any size, shape or weight. Every other player is restricted to the use of a glove or mitt weighing not over Io ounces and meas- uring not over 14 inches around the palm. Players' Benches. SECTION I. Players' benches must be fiur- RULE 21. nished by the home club and placed upon a portion of the ground not less than twen- ty-five (25) feet outside of the players' lines. One such bench shall be for the exclusive use of the visiting team and the other for the exclusive use of the home team. Each bench must be covered with a roof and closed at the back and each end; a space, however, not more than six (6) inches wide may be left under the roof for ventilation. All players and substitutes of the side at bat must'be seated on their team's bench, except the batsman, base- runners and such as are legally assigned to coach base- runners. Under no circumstances shall the umpire permit any person except the players and substitutes in uniform and the manager of the team entitled to its exclusive use to be seated on a bench.

295

285

296

286 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASB BALL GUIDE. Called Games. If the umpire calls a game in accordance RULE 25. with Rule 22, Section 3, at any time after five innings have been completed, the score shall be that of the last equal innings played, except that if the side second at bat shall have scored in an unequal number of innings, or before the completion of the un- finished inning, at least one run more than the side first at bat, the score of the game shall be the total number of runs each team has made. Forfeited Games. A forfeited game shall be declared by the RULE 26. umpire in favor of the club not in fault, in the following cases: SECTION I. If the team of a club fail to appear upon the field, or being upon the field, refuse to begin a game for which it is scheduled or assigned, within five minutes after the umpire has called "Play" at the hour for the beginning of 'the game, unless such delay in appearing, or in com- mencing the game, be unavoidable. SEC. 2. If, after the game has begun, one side refuse to continue to play, unless the game has been suspended or terminated by the umpire. SEC. 3. If, after play has been suspended by the umpire, one side fails to resume playing in one minute after the umpire has called "Play." SEC. 4. If a team employ tactics palpably designed to delay the game. SEC. 5. If, after warning by the umpire, any one of the rules of the game be wilfully and persistently violated. SEC. 6. If the order for the removal of a player, as authorized by Rules 21, 58 and 67, be not obeyed within one minute. SEC. 7. If, because of the removal of players from the game by the umpire, or for any cause, there be less than nine players on either team. SEC. 8. If, after the game has been suspended on account of rain, the orders of the umpire are not complied with as required by Rule 29. SEC. 9. If, when two games are scheduled to be played in one afternoon, the second game be not commenced within ten minutes of the time of the completion of the first game. The umpire of the first game shall be the timekeeper.

297

287

298

288 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. immediately upon his captain's notice of the change to the umpire. Choice of Innings-Fitness of Field for Play. The choice of innings shall be given to RULE 29. the captain of the home club, who shall be the sole judge of the fitness of the ground for beginning a game after a rain; but, after play has been called by the umpire, he alone shall be the judge as to the fitness of the ground for resuming play after the game has been suspended on account of rain, and when time is so called the ground-keeper and sufficient assistants shall be under the control of the umpire for the purpose of putting the ground in proper shape for play, under penalty of forfeiture of the game by the home team. THE PITCHING RULES. Delivery of the Ball to the Bat. Preliminary to pitching, the pitcher shall RULE 30. take his position facing the batsman with both feet squarely on the ground and in front of the pitcher's plate; and in the act of delivering the ball to the bat he must keep one foot in contact with the pitcher's plate defined in Rule 9. He shall not raise either .foot until in the act of delivering the ball to the bat, nor make more than one step in such delivery. A Fairly Delivered Ball. A fairly delivered ball is a ball pitched RULE 31. or thrown to the bat by the pitcher while standing in his position and facing the bats- man that passes over any portion of the home base, before touching the ground, not lower than the batsman's knee, nor higher than his shoulder. For every such fairly deliv- ered ball the umpire shall call one strike. An Unfairly Delivered Ball. An unfairly delivered ball is a ball de- RULE 32. livered to the bat by the pitcher while standing in his position and facing the bats- man that does not pass over any portion of the home base between the batsman's shoulder and knees, or that touches the ground before passing home base, unless struck at by the batsman; or, with the bases unoccupied, any ball delivered

299

289

300

290 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. SEC. 8. Making any motion of the arm, shoulder, hip or body the pitcher habitually makes in his method of delivery, without immediately delivering the ball to the bat. SEC. 9. Delivery of the ball to the bat when the catcher is standing outside the lines of the catcher's position as defined in Rule 3. If the pitcher shall fail to comply with the requirements of any section of this rule, the umpire shall call a "balk." Dead Ball. A dead ball is a ball delivered to the bat RULE 35.- by the pitcher, not struck at by the bats- man, that touches any part of the bats- man's person or clothing while he is standing in his position. Ball Not in Play. In case of an illegally batted ball, a balk, RULE 36. foul hit ball not legally caught, dead ball, interference with the fielder or batsman, or a fair hit ball striking a base runner or umpire before touching a fielder, the ball shall not be considered in play until it be held by the pitcher standing in his position, and the umpire shall have called "Play." Block Balls. SECTION I. A block is a batted or thrown RULE 37. ball that is touched, stopped or handled by a person not engaged in the game. SEC. 2. Whenever a block occurs the umpire shall de- clare it, and base runners may run the bases without liabil- ity to be put out until the ball has been returned to and held by the pitcher in his position. SEC. 3. If the person not engaged in the game should retain possession of a blocked ball, or throw or kick it beyond the reach of the fielders, the umpire shall call "Time" and require each base runner to stop at the base last touched by him until the ball be returned to the pitcher in his position and the umpire shall have called "Play." THE BATTING RULES. The Batsman's Position. Each player of the side at bat shall be- RULE 38. come the batsman and must take his posi- tion within the batsman's lines (as defined in Rule 8) in the order thaf his name appears in his team's batting list.

301

291

302

292 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. with a fielder in an attempt to catch or handle a thrown or a batted ball. A Fair Hit. A fair hit is a legally batted ball that RULE 44. settles on fair ground between home and first base or .between home and third base or that is on fair ground when bounding to the outfield past first or third base or that first falls on fair-territory beyond first or third base, or that, while on or over fair ground, touches the person of the umpire or a player. A Foul Hit. A foul hit is a legally batted ball that RULE 45. settles on foul territory between home and first base or home and third base, or that bounds past first or third base on foul territory or that falls on foul territory beyond first or third base, or, while on or over foul ground, touches the person of the umpire or a player. A Foul Tip. A foul tip is a ball batted by the bats- RULE 46. man while standing within the lines of his position, that goes sharp and direct from the bat to the catcher's hands and is legally caught. A Bunt Hit. A bunt hit is a legally batted ball, not RULE 47. swung at, but met with the bat and tapped slowly within the infield by the batsman. If the attempt to bunt result in a foul not legally caught, a strike shall be called by the umpire. Balls Batted Outside the Ground. SECTION I. When a batted ball passes RULE 48. outside the ground or into a stand the um- pire shall decide it fair or foul according to where it disappears from the umpire's view. SEC. 2. A fair batted ball that goes over the fence or into a stand shall entitle the batsman to a home run unless it should pass out of the ground or into a stand at a less distance than two hundred and thirty-five (235) feet from the home base, in which case the batsman shall be entitled to two bases only; The point at which a fence or stand is less than 235 feet from the home base shall be plainly

303

293 .

304

a

305

295

306

296 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. considered in play and the base runner or runners shall be entitled to all the bases they can make. Returning to Bases. The base runner shall return to his base RULE 55. without liability to be put out: SECTION I. If the umpire declares any foul not legally caught. SEC. 2. If the umpire declares an illegally batted- ball. SEC. 3. If the umpire declares a dead ball, unless it be also the fourth unfair ball, and he be thereby forced to take the next base, as provided in Rule 54, Section 2. SEC. 4. If the person or clothing of the umpire inter- fere with the catcher in an attempt to throw or the umpire be struck by a ball thrown by the catcher or other fielder to intercept a base runner. SEC. 5. If a pitched ball at which the batsman strikes but misses, touch any part of the batsman's person. SEC. 6. If the umpire be struck by a fair hit ball before touching a fielder; in which case no base shall be run unless necessitated by the batsman becoming a base runner, and no run shall be scored unless all the bases are occupied. SEC. 7. If the umpire declares the batsman or another base runner out for interference. SEC. 8. In any and all of these cases the base runner is not required to touch the intervening bases in returning t6 the base he is legally entitled to. When Base Runners are Out. The base runner is out: RULE 56. SECTION I. If, after three strikes have been declared against him while the batsman, the third strike ball be not legally caught and he plainly attempts to hinder the catcher from fielding the ball. SEC. 2. If, having made a fair hit while batsman, such fair hit ball be momentarily held by a fielder before touch- ing the ground or any object other than a fielder; pro- vided, it be not caught in a fielder's hat, cap, protector, pocket or other part of his uniform. SEC. 3. If, when the umpire has declared "Three Strikes" on him while the batsman, the third strike ball be momentarily held by a fielder before touching the ground; provided, it be not caught in a fielder's cap, protector, pocket or other part of his uniform, or touch some object other than a fielder before being caught.

307

297

308

298 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. foul niit ball was so caught; provided, that the base runner shall not be out in such case, if, after the ball was legally caught as above, it be delivered to the bat by the pitcher before the fielder hold it on said base, or touch the base rulner out with it; but if the base runner, in attempting to reach a base, detach it from its fastening before being touched or forced out, he shall be declared safe. SEC. II. If, when the batsman becomes a base runner, the first base, or the first and second bases, or the first, second and third bases be occupied, any base runner so occupying a base shall cease to be entitled to hold it, and may be put out at the next base in the same manner as in running to first base, or by being touched with the ball in the hands of a fielder at any time before any base runner following him in the batting order be put out, unless the umpire should decide the hit of the batsman to be an in- field fly. SEC. 12. If a fair hit ball strike him before touching a fielder, and, in such case, no base shall be run unless necessitated by the batsman becoming a base runner, but no run shall be scored or any other base runner put out until the umpire puts the ball back into play. SEC. 13. If, when advancing bases, or forced to return to a base, whi4e the ball is in play, he fail to touch the intervening base or bases, if any, in the regular or reverse order, as the case may be, he may be put out by the ball being held by a fielder on any base he failed to touch, or by being touched by the ball in the hands of a fielder in the same manner as in running to first base; provided, that the base runner shall not be out in such case if the ball be delivered to the bat by the pitcher before the fielder hold it on said base or touch the base runner with it. SEC. 14. If, when the umpire call "Play," after the sus- pension of a game, he fail to return to and touch the base he occupied when "Time" was called before touching the next base; provided, the base runner shall not be out, in such case, if the ball be delivered to the bat by the pitcher, before the fielder hold it on said base or touch the base runner with it. SEC. I5. If with one or no one out and a base runner.on third base, the batsman interferes with a play being made at home plate. SEC. 16. If he pass a preceding base runner before such runner has been legally put out he shall be declared out immediately.

309

299

310

300 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. ers or this rule be violated in any respect the umpire must order the illegal coacher or coachers to the bench, and if his order be not obeyed within one minute, the umpire shall assess a fine of $5.00 against each offending player, and upon a repetition of the offense, the offending player or players shall be debarred from further participation in the game, and shall leave the playing field forthwith. The Scoring of Runs. One run shall be scored every time a RULE 59. base runner, after having legally touched the first three bases, shall legally touch the home base before three men are put out; provided, how- ever, that if he reach home on or during a play in which the third man be forced out or be put out before reaching first base, a run shall not count. A force-out can be made only when a base runner legally loses the right to the base he occupies by reason of the batsman becoming a base runner, and he is thereby obliged to advance. UMPIRES AND THEIR DUTIES. Power to Enforce Decisions. The umpires are the representatives of RULE 60. the League and as such are authorized and required to enforce each section of this code. They shall have the power to order a player, cap- tain or manager to do or omit to do any -act which in their judgment is necessary to give force and effect to one or all of these rules, and to inflict penalties for violations of the rules as hereinafter prescribed. In order to define their respective duties, the umpire judging balls and strikes shall be designated as the "Umpire-in-Chief"; the umpire judging base decisions as the "Field Umpire." The Umpire-in-Chief. SECTION I. The Umpire-in-Chief shall RULE 61. take position back of the catcher; he shall have full charge of and be responsible for the proper conduct of the game. With exception of the base decisions to be made by the Field Umpire, the Umpire- in-Chief shall render all the decisions that ordinarily would devolve upon a single umpire, and which are prescribed for "The Umpire" in these Playing Rules. SEC. 2. He shall call and count as a "ball" any unfair ball delivered by the pitcher to the batsman. He shall also

311

301

312

802 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. play involving accuracy of judgment, and no decision ren- dered by him shall be reversed, except that he be con- vinced that it is in violation of one of these rules. The captain shall alone have the right to protest against a decision and seek its reversal on a claim that it is in con- flict with a section of these rules. In case the captain does seek a reversal of a decision based solely on a point of rules, the umpire making the decision shall, if he is in doubt, ask his associate for information before acting on the captain's appeal. Under no circumstances shall either umpire criticise or interfere with a decision unless asked to do so by his associate. Duties of Single Umpire. If but one umpire be assigned, his duties RULE 64. and jurisdiction shall extend to. all points, and he shall be permitted to take his stand in any part of the field that in his opinion will best enable him to discharge his duties. Must Not Question Decisions. Under no circumstances shall a captain RULE 65. or player dispute the accuracy of the um- pire's judgment and decision on a play. Clubs Can Not Change Umpire. The umpire can not be changed during a RULE 66. championship game by the consent of the contesting clubs unless the official in charge of the field be incapacitated from service by injury or ill- ness. Penalties for Violations of the Rules. SECTION I. In all cases of violation of RULE 67. these rules, by either player or manager, the penalty shall be prompt removal of fhe offender from the game and grounds, followed by a period of such suspension from actual service in the club as the President of the League may fix. In the event of removal of player or manager by either umpire, he shall go direct to the club house and remain there during the progress of the game, or leave the grounds; and a failure to do so will warrant a forfeiture of the game by the Umpire-in-Chief. SEC. 2. The umpire shall assess a fine of $5.oo00 against each offending player in the following cases: (I) If the player intentionally discolor or damage the ball; (2) if

313

the player fail to be seated on his bench within one minute after ordered to do so by the umpire; (3) if the player violate the coaching rules and refuse to be seated on his bench within one minute after ordered to do so by the umpire; (4) if the captain fail to notify him when one player is substituted for another. SEC. 3. In cases where substitute players show their disapproval of decisions by 'yelling from the bench, the umpire shall frst give warning. If the yelling continues he shall fine each offender $Io.oo, and if the disturbance is still persisted in he shall clear the bench of all substitute players; the captain of the team, however, to have the privilege of sending to the club house for such substitutes as are actually needed to replace players in the game. Umpire to Report Violations of the Rules. The umpire shall within twelve hours RULE 68. after fining or removing a player from the game, forward to the president a report of the penalty inflicted and the cause therefor. Immediately upon being informed by the RULE 69. umpire that a fine has been imposed upon any manager, captain or player, the presi- dent shall notify the person so fined and also the club of which he is a member; and, in the event of the failure of the person so fined to pay to the secretary of the League the amount of said fine within five days after notice, he shall be'debarred from participating in any championship game or from sitting on a player's bench during the prog- ress of a championship game until such fine be paid. When the offense of the player debarred RULE 70. from the game be of a flagrant nature, such as the use of obscene language or an assault upon a player or umpire, the umpire shall within four hours thereafter forward to the president of the League full particulars. Warning to Captains. The umpire shall notify both captains be- RULE 71. fore the game, and in the presence of each other, that all the playing rules will be strictly and impartially enforced, and warn them that fail- ure on their part to co-operate in such enforcement will result in offenders being fined, and, if necessary to, pre- serve discipline, debarred from the game.

314

304 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDB. On Ground Rules. SECTION I. Before the commencement of RULE 72. a game the umpire shall see that the rules governing all the materials of the game are strictly observed. SEC. 2. In case of spectators overflowing on the playing field, the home captain shall make special ground rules to cover balls batted or thrown into the crowd, provided such rules be acceptable to the captain of the visiting club. If the latter object, then the umpire shall have full authority to make and enforce such special ruses, and he shall an- nounce the scope of same to the spectators. SEC. 3. In all cases whef-e there are no spectators on the playing field, and where a thrown ball goes into a stand for spectators, or over or through any fence surrounding the playing field, or into the players' bench (whether the ball rebounds into the field or not), the runner or runners shall be entitled to two bases. The umpire in awarding such bases shall be governed by the position of the runner or runners at the time the throw is made. SEC. 4. The umpire shall also ascertain from the home captain whether any other special ground rules are neces- sary, and if there be he shall advise the opposing captain of their scope and see that each is duly enforced, provided they do not conflict with any of these rules and are acceptable to the captain of the visiting team. Official Announcements. The umpire shall call "Play" at the hour RULE 73. appointed for the beginning of a game, announce "Time" at its legal interruption and declare "Game" at its legal termination. Prior to the commencement of the game he shall announce the bat- teries, and during the progress of the game shall announce each change of players. In case of an overflow crowd, he shall announce the special ground rules agreed upon, and he shall also make announcement of any agreement entered into by the two captains to stop play at a specified hour. Suspension of Play. The umpire shall suspend play for the RULE 74. following causes: I. If rain fall so heavily as in the judg- ment of the umpire to prevent continuing the game, in which case he shall note the time of suspension, and should

315

805

316

806 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. DI p f "Game" is the announcement of the um- RULE 80. pire that the game is terminated. "An inning" is the term at bat of the RULE 81. nine players representing a club in a game and is completed when three of such play- ers have been legally put out. "A Time at Bat" is the term at bat of a RULE 82. batsman. It begins when he takes his po- sition, and continues until he is put out or becomes a base runner. But a time at bat shall not be charged against a batsman who is awarded first base by the umpire for being hit by a pitched ball, or on called balls, or when he makes a sacrifice hit, or for interference by the catcher. "Legal" or "Legally" signifies as required RULE 83. by these rules. THE SCORING RULES. To promote uniformity in scoring chain- RULE 84. pionship games the following instructions are given and suggestions and definitions made for the guidance of scorers, and they are required to make all scores in accordance therewith. The Batsman's Record. SECTION I. The first item in the tabu- RULE 85. lated score, after the player's name and position, shall be the number of times he has been at bat during the game, but the exceptions made in Rule 82 must not be included. SEC. 2. In the second column shall be set down the runs, if any, made by each player. SEC. 3. In the third column shall be placed the first base hits, if any, made by each player. The Scoring of Base Hits. SEC. 4. A base hit shall be scored in the following cases: When the ball from the bat strikes the ground on or within the foul lines and out of the reach of the fielders. When a fair-hit ball is partially or wholly stopped by a fielder in motion, but such player can not recover himself in time to field the ball to first before the striker reaches that base or to force out another base runner.

317

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 3Q When the ball be hit with such force to an infielder or pitcher that he can not handle it in time to put out the batsman or force out a base runner. In a case of doubt over this class of hits, a base hit should be scored and the fielder exempted from the charge of an error. When the ball is hit so slowly toward a fielder that he cannot handle it in time to put out the batsman or force out a base runner. In all cases where a base runner is retired by being hit by a batted ball, unless batted by himself, the batsman should be credited with a base hit. When a batted ball hits the person or clothing of the umpire, as defined in Rule 53, Section 6. In no case shall a base hit be scored when a base runner is forced out by the play. Sacrifice Hits. SEC. 5. Sacrifice hits shall be'placed in the Summary. A sacrifice hit shall be credited to the batsman who when no one is out or when but one man is out, advances a runner a base by a bunt hit, which results in the batsman being put out before reaching first, or would so result if it were handled without error. A sacrifice hit shall also be credited to a batsman who, when no one is out or when but one man is out, hits a fly ball that is caught but results in a run being scored, or would in the judgment of the scorer so result if caught. Fielding Records. SEC. 6. The number of opponents, if any, put out 1by each player shall be set down in the fourth column. Where the batsman is given out by the umpire for an illegally batted ball, or fails to bat in proper order, or is declared out on third bunt strike, the put-out shall be scored to the catcher. In cases of the base runner being declared "out" for interference, running out of line, or on an infield fly, the "out" should be credited to the player who would have made the play but for the action of the base runner or the announcement of the umpire. SEC. 7. The number of times, if any, each player assists in putting out an opponent shall be set down in the fifth column. An assist should be given to each player who handles the ball in aiding in a run-out or any other play of the kind, even though he complete the play by making the put-out.

318

r,

319

309

320

310 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. SEC. 7. The number of home runs, if any, made by each player. SEC. 8. The number of double and triple plays, if any, made by each club and the players participating in same. SEC. 9. The number of innings each pitcher pitched in. SEC. IO. The number of base hits, if any, made off each pitcher and the number of legal "at bats" scored against each pitcher. SEC. II. The number of times, if any, the pitcher strikes out the opposing batsmen. SEC. 12. The number of times, if any, the pitcher gives bases on balls. SEC. I3. The number of wild pitches, if any, charged ;against the pitcher. SEC. I4. The number of times, if any, the pitcher hits a batsman with a pitched ball, the name or names of the batsman or batsmen so hit to be given. SIc. 15. The number of passed balls by each catcher. SEC. I6. The time of the game. SEC. 17. The name of the umpire or umpires. I X ' .~..- \\p , , - N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,

Index to Rules 321

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 311 Index to Rules TO LAY OFF THE FIELD. Sec. Rule. The ground .................. ......................... 1 Diamond or infield . ................................. .... 2 Catcher's lines ................ ............. . .... 8 Foul lines ......................................I 4 Players' lines ....................... ............. ...... 5 Coachers' lines ...................8............. . .. 6 Three-foot line ............................................ Batsman's lines .......................................... 8 Pitcher's plate ........................................... 9 Slope of infield from pitcher's plate ...................... 2 9 The bases .................................. ............. 2 10 M aterial of ......................................... 12 The home base-shape and size of ........................ 1 10 M aterial of .................. ...................... . 11 Marking the lines-material of ............................ 13 The ball ....................................... . . 14 W eight and size .................................... 1 14 Make to be used ................................. .... 1 14 Number to be delivered to- umpire.................... 2 14 To be replaced if rendered unfit for play............. 2 14 Return of those batted or thrown out of ground ....... 2 14 Alternate-when to be placed in play ................. 3 14 Penalty for intentional discoloring ........................ 4 14 Furnished by home club ............................ 5-6 14 The bat-material and size of .............................. 15 THE PLAYERS AND THEIR POSITIONS. Number of players in the game ............................. 16 Players' positions ................................ ........ 17 The pitcher's position. .............. ... ............... 9, 30 Must not mingle with spectators ............................ 18 Uniforms and shoes ............. ......... -' 19 Size and weight of gloves.. ............................ 20 Players' benches .......................................... 21 Umpires not to wait for notice from captains ............ 2 21 THE REGULATION GAME. Time of commencing championship games .................... 22 Number of innings ................................... 22 Termination of game ..................................... 1-2-3 22 Termination of game before completion of fifth Inning .... .. 27 Extra-innings game .......... .......................... 23 Drawn game ..24 Called game ............. 25 Drawn game ................... ........................... Forfeited game ........2........ .... ... .... 6 Failure of a club to appear .......................... 1 26 Refusal of a club to continue play.................... 2 26 Failure of a club to resume play ...................... 3 26 RIesorting to dilatory tactics ......................... 4 26 Wilfully violating rules ............................. 5 26 Disobeying order to remove player .................... 6 26 Less than nine players .............................. . 7 26 Resumption after rain ............................... 8 26 If field be not cleared in fifteen minutes................ 77 When groundkeeper iH under umpire's control ..... .. 29 Second game to begin ten minutes after completion of first ............................................9 26 Umpire to make written report of forfeiture......... 10 26 No game .................... 27 Substitutes . ........ ......................... 28 May take place of player at any time ...... . 2 28 Base runner-consent of opposing captain necessary... 3 28

322

312 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. Sec. Rule. Notifying umpire of substituted player, umpire to notify spectators .................. ..................... 4 28 Choice of innings-fitness of field for play ................. 2 Pitching rules: Delivery of the ball to bat ....................... . 30 A fairly delivered ball ..... .................. .... .. 31 An unfairly delivered ball ....................... ..... 32 Penalty for delay by throwing to bases ................1 1 33 Penalty for delay in delivery to batsman .............. 2 33 Shifting pitcher to another position .................. 3 33 Balking: Failure to deliver ball after making motion .......... 1 34 Failure to step toward base before throwing .......... 2 34 Delivery of ball while foot is back of plate ........... 3 34 Delivery of ball while not facing batsman ............ 4 34 Motion to deliver ball while not in position ........... 5 34 Delaying game by holding ball...................... 6 34 Motion to pitch without having ball ................... 7 34 Any habitual motion without delivery of ball to bat.. 8 34 Delivery of ball while catcher is outside of his lines.. 9 34 Dead ball-hitting batsman in position . .35 Ball not in play ........................... ................ 3 Ball in play-thrown or pitched ball striking person or clothing of umpire on foul ground . .............. 7 54 Block balls: Touched or stopped by person not in game ............1 37 Umpire to declare block .............................. 2 37 Base runners to stop under certain conditions ......... 37 THE BATTING RULES. Batsman's position ............................38 Order of batting ........ . 39 First. batsman in each inning. ............................ 40 Players of side at bat belong on bench .................... 41 Not to invade space reserved for umpire, catcher or batsman ............. ..... To vacate bench to prevent Interference with fielder... 43 A fair hit .......... . ............................ 44 A foul hit .............................................. .. 45 A foul tip ................. ...... ........................... 46 A& bunt hit .............. ............ ........ .. 4 A bunt hit..47 Infield fly-definition of ............................... ... 8 61 Balls batted outside ground: Fair hit over fence or into stand ...................... 48 Fair or foul where last seen by umpire ................ 1 48 Batsman entitled to home run........................ 48 Strikes: Ball struck at by batsman .......................1 49 Fair ball not struck at ........................ 4 Foul hit not caught on fly unless batsman has two strikes . ......................................... .. 3 49 Attempt to bunt resulting in foul .................... 3 49 Missed strike but which touches batsman .............. 5 49 Foul tip held by catcher .............................. 49 Illegally batted ball.............. ..... ................... 50 THE BATSMAN IS OUT. If he fail to take position in proper turn.................. If he fail to take position within one minute ............. a 51 If he make foul hit other than foul tip and ball is caught. 3 51 If he illegally bats the ball .............................. 4 51 If he interfere with catcher .............................. 5 If. with first base occupied, three strikes are called ....... 6 51

323

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 818 See. Rule. If, while attempting third strike, ball touch his person.... 7 51 If, before two are out, he hits infield fly .................. 51 If third strike is called in accordance with Sec. 4 or 5 of Rule 49 .................. .................... ... 51 If he step from one box to other .......................... 10 51 THE BASE-RUNNING RULES. Legal order of bases .. ............................... 5 Not to score before runner preceding ................ 5 Batsman becomes base runner: After he makes fair hit .......................... 1 53 After four balls are called ........................2 53 After three strikes are called ......................... 3 53 If he be hit by pitched ball...................... 4 53 If catcher interfere with him... ' 5 63 If fair hit strike umpire or base runner ......... ... 6 53 Entitled to bases (without liability to be put out): If umpire call four balls ........................... 1 54 If umpire award batsman first base for being hit by pitched ball ............... ....................... 1 54 If umpire award batsman first base for interference of catcher ..............1 54 If ball hit person or clothing of umpire on fair ground 1 54 If umpire award next batsman first base ............ 2 54 If umpire call a "balk" ............................. 3 54 If pitched ball pass catcher and hit fence or building within ninety feet ............................... 4 54 If prevented from advancing by fielder's obstruction.. 5 54 If fielder stop or catch ball illegally the runner or , * runners are entitled to three bases .............. 6 54 Returning to bases (without liability to be put out): If umpire declare any foul not legally caught ........ 1 55 If umpire declare illegally batted ball .............. 2 55 If umpire declare dead ball ..........................3 55 If umpire interfere with catcher or throw ............ 4 55 If pitched ball struck at touches batsman ............. 5 55 If umpire is struck by fair hit ball ................ 6 55 If umpire calls batsman or runner out for interference 7 55 When not required to touch intervening bases ............. 8 55 Base runners are out: Attempt to hinder catcher after three strikes .......... 1 5 Fielder hold fair hit ................................. 2 5 Third strike held by fielder..................... 3 56 Touched with ball after three strikes....... ..... 4 56 Fielder touches first base ahead of runner............ 65 56 Running out of three-foot lines .................... 6 66 Running out of line after having reached first ........ 7 56 Failure to avoid fielder in act of fielding ball .......... 8 56 Touched by fielder having ball in possession. 9 56 Ball held on base before runner can return............ 10 56 Forced to vacate base by succeeding runner ...........11 56 Hit by fair ball before touching fielder. 12 56 Failure to touch bases in regular or reverse order. 13 56 Failure to return to base held when "time" was called 14 56 If batsman interfere with play at home plate ...... 15 5 Passing preceding base runner ...................... 16 58 Overrunning first base ...............................17 Coacher drawing throw to plate .....................18 56 Members of team at bat confusing fielding side ...... 19 5 Umpire- to declare out without appeal for decision ........... 57 Coaching rules ........................................... . . 58 Scoring of runs ......................................... .. Definition of a "force-out" ................................. 59

324

814 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. THE UMPIRE AND HIS DUTIES. Sec. Rule. Power to enforce decisions .................................. 60 Umpire-in-chief and duties .............................1-2-3-4 61 Field umpire's duties ................................... 1-2 62 No appeal from decision .................................. .. 63- Captain alone has right to appeal on rule construction .... .. 63 Single umpire's duties ................................... 64 Cannot question umpire's, accuracy of judgment ............ 65 Cannot change umpire during progress of game ............. 66 Penalties for violations ..................................1-2-3 67 Umpire to report fining or removal of player within twelve hours . .......................................... 68 Notification of fines and time of payment ................ 69 Umpire's report on flagrant cases .......................... 70 W arning to captains ..................................... 71 Ground rules and materials of the game ................... 72 Official announcements ................................... 73 Suspension of play ....................................... 74 FIELD RULES. Persons allowed on field other than players and umpire ...... 75 Spectators shall not be addressed ........................... 76 Police protection ........................................ 77 GENERAL DEFINITIONS. "Play" .................................................. 78 "Time" ................................................. 79 "'Game" ........................ . .. .. 80 "An inning" . . ........... 81 "A time'at bat.................... .................... 82 "Legal" or "legally" ...................................... 83 THE SCORING RULES (Rule 84). The batsman's record: Times at bat ........................................ 1 85 Number of runs ...................................... 2 85 First base hits ....................................... 3 85 When base hits should be credited .................... 4 85 Sacrifice hits ......................................... 5 85 The fielding record: Number of put outs, and explanation of .............. 6 85 Number of assists, and explanation of ............... 7 85 Errors, and explanation of ........................... 8 85 Exemption from errors ............................... 8 85 Scorer to determine ................................... 8 85 Stolen bases ............................................... 9 85 Definition of wild pitch and passed ball ................. 10 85 The summary: The score of each inning and total runs .............. 1 86 The number of stolen bases .......................... 2 86 The number of sacrifice hits .......................... 3 86 The number of sacrifice flies .......................... 4 86 The number of two-base hits......................... 5 86 The number of three-base hits........................ 6 86 The number of home runs .......................... 7 86 The number of double and triple plays ................ 8 86 The number of innings each pitcher pitched in ........ 9 86 The number of base hits made off each pitcher ........ 10 86 The number of strike outs ............................ 11 86 The number of bases on balls ......................... 12 86 The number of wild pitches ........................... 13 86 The number of hit batsmen ........................... 14 86 The number of passed balls ........................... 15 86 The time of the game ................................ 16 86 The name of the umpire or umpires . ................. 17 86

325

r i c

326

"" `-''

327

328

F

329

330

m 9

331

I

332

333

I

Notes 334

324 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. Notes. Mountain States League-Williamson did not get a safe hit off Delotel of Ashland, June 14. New York State League-In a 14-inning game, June 25, Scranton defeated Binghamton, 4-3. Virginia League-Norfolk defeated Portsmouth, August 10, making 21 hits, and 9 runs in one inning. Central Association-Bell of Burlington pitched a no-hit-no-run game against Monmouth on June 27. Wisconsin-Illinois League-Thirteen innings were played by Appleton and Aurora, the former winning, 5-3, August 16. Tri-State League-Sixteen innings were played by Atlantic City and Wilmington, July 22, the former winning, 3-1. Central League-Fort Wayne secured only one hit off pitcher Kirwan of Fort Wayne on May 13. Terre Haute won, 3-2. Cotton States League-Jackson scored only one hit off pitcher Frost of New Orleans on April 26, New Orleans winning, 1-0. South Michigan League-In the game won by Adrian from Flint, 2--1, July 1, pitcher Troy of Adrian struck out thirteen men. Blue Grass League-Maysville was credited with nine stolen bases on catcher Vallandingham, in a game with Mt. Sterling, July 14. Michigan State League-Boyne City made a triple play in a game with Manistee, the first ever executed on the latter's grounds, August 3. Western League-Six home runs, two by first baseman Kane of Omaha, were made in the game between Sioux City and Omaha, May 12. South Atlantic League-In the game between Albany and Columbus, June 20, Albany won, 14-5, and made 20 hits off pitcher McCormick. Central Kansas League-Smith, catcher of the Minneapolis team, played behind the bat in every regularly scheduled game of the season, ninety. Tri-State League-Pitcher Baxter, first baseman Myers, catcher Kerr and second baseman Fritz of Wilmington, made a triple play against York, July 6. Oklahoma State League-Pitcher Robinson of the Oklahoma City team, allowed the Anadarko team only one hit in the second game of a double- header, May 30. Texas League-Pitcher Browning of San Antonio allowed Fort Worth only one hit in 12 innings and struck out 12 men, yet Fort Worth won, 2-1, on May 18. Western League-Eighteen innings were played before a decisive result was reached in a game between Des Moines and Denver, August 6. Denver won in the last inning, 7-6. Ohio State League-Pitcher Clarke of the Lima club, in the second inning of the game with Mansfield, May 1, gave nine bases on balls, and hits two batsmen, forcing in eight runs. International League-In the game between Providence and Baltimore, May 28, 33 safe hits for a total of 58 bases were made. There were six doubles, eight triples and one home run. Northwestern League-Portland was defeated by Tacoma, 2-1, and got only one hit off pitcher Veasy, April 27. On the same day pitcher Cochrane of Spokane disposed of the Vancouver batsmen for one hit. Ohio-Pennsylvania League-Twelve home runs, eight by Steubenville, were made in a double-header between that team and East Liverpool, July 23. In the first game, pitcher Shipe of East Liverpool struck out seventeen men. Nebraska League-A total of 37 runs and 51 safe hits were made in the game between Oolumbus and Kearney, July 8. Columbus made 24 runs, 11 in one inning, and 29 hits, while Kearney made 13 runs, 7 in one inning, and 22 hits.

335

vv qI. -je-:--e£rzoug msate at; secOun; Cooper safe on tnhir.

336

337

338

CAUTION BASE BALL BOYS OF, 1913 Because of your youth and .inexperience, advantage Is frequently taken of you base ball boys, by the-so-called "Just as Good" dealer, who- tries to palm off on you some of his "Just as Good" Base Ball goods, made especially for him by the "Just as Good" manufacturer, when you ..-call for the Spalding goods. You are' cautioned not to be deceived by- this "Just as Good" combination, for when you get. onto .the field you will find these "Just as Good" Balls,. Bats, Mitts, etc., will not stand. the wear and punishment of the genuine 'Spalding ;aticles. Remembei that Spalding Goods) are standard the world over, arid are used by all the lead- ing clubs and players. These "Just as Good" manufacturers endeavor to copy the Spalding styles, adopt the Spalding descriptive matter and Spald- ing list prices, and then try to see how very cheap and showy they can make the article, so the "Just as Good" dealer can work off these'imi- tations on the unsuspecting boy. .,.- Don't be deceived by the attractive 25 to -40 per cent. discount that may be offered you, for remember that their printed prices are arranged for the special purpose of misleading you and to enable the "Just as Good" dealer to offer you this special- discount bait. This "discount" pill that the "Just as Good" dealer asks you to( swallow is sugar coated and, covered up by various catchy devices, that are well calculated to deceive the inexperienced boy, who will better understand these tricks of the trade as he grows older. Remember that all.Spalqing Athletic Goods are sold at the established printed prices, and no dealer is permitted to sell them at a greater or less price. Special discounts on Spalding Goods are unknown. Everybody is treated alike. This policy persistently adhered to makes it possible to maintain from year to year the high quality' of Spalding Athletic Goods, which depend for their sale on Spald- ing Quality, backed by the broad Spalding Guarantee, and not on any deceiving device like this overworked and fraudulent "Discount" scheme adopted by all of the "Just as 'Good" dealers. o Occasionally one of these "Just as Good" dealers will procure some of the Spalding well known red boxes, place them in a showy place on his shelves, and when Spalding Goods are called for, will take_ from these. ,Spalding'boxes one of, the. "Just as Good" things, and try to palm it off Ion the boy as a genuine Spalding article. When you go into a store and ask for a Spalding article,. isee to it that the Spalding Trade-Mark is on that article, and if the dealer tries to palm ofr on you something "Just as' Good," :politely bhow yourself- out and 'go to andther store, where the genuine 'Spalding- article. can. be procured. -.' . . In purchasing .'a: genuine. Spaldi'ig' Athletic articlf:' you,'are protected by the broad Spalding Guarantee, which reads as follows: We Guarantee to each purchaser oj an article bearing the Spalding Trade-Mark that such article will give satisfaction and a reasonable amount of service, when used for the purpose for which it was intended and under ordinary conditions and fair treatment. We Agree to repair or replace, free of charge, any such article which proves defective in material-or workmanship when subjected to fair treatment: PROVIDED, such defective article "is returned to us, transportation prepaid, within thirty days after purc e.. (except where otherwise stipulated on special guarantee tag att.'K ed/ *to certain articles),- and accompanied by a letter from tFi usr, giving his name and address, and explaining the claim. - : - - G - : - - A a . SPAL NG & DROS.- B..Bware of the _"Just- as Good"' manufacturer, who ma"tes 'pretty" Athletic Goods (as .if they: were for use as an ornament) --at 'the..expanse of ."quality,' in order to deceive-the dealer; and beware of the slsti- tute-dealer who completes the ' fraud by offering the '' ' ' tiGle when Spalding Goods are asked-for.

339

ix

340

341

August !

342

r

343

344

noice. For Canadian prifce e special <

345

346

347

348

I

349

350

l

351

SPALDING SPECIAL MODEL BAf f v -' For over thirty years we have been turning out special model ts to- suit the leading players of the prominent professional I ha-e feound rou" 6 tb;, ver b leagues, and our record will shoW hundreds of fa°tory. rt eat ' different bats made in accordancewiththe ideas "'- 7y ', o, e? AaN, a" ' -' of individual players, many of whom have been K.- _' , ?. Pe''"='i .dl .-;_i" leaguerecordmakers. "Chief"Meyers'vrites: (signed) ',' h't. o. We can supply, on special orders, Special Model Bats, ame as mae for the follow. ing most famous batsmen on the National League and American League teams: BAKER,Pbi.ephia. American L.eg... Model B NoMEYERS w York National Leagu M g CALLAHAN. Chie.l Amera Lea el C Philadlia. A.". .eaa ....unl 0 DEVORE, New 'Yor,. Natioal Leae.. . Model D ASRT Philodl dl' Nation ,,e. d t FLErCHER N.e York. N&onal Laa ... Model F SPEAkER:'et, Am. ?.",' ..Modl F HERO. ew YorkA. Model H THOMAS. Ph'e ne. Model T LU;DERU 5i~a. Nt g .= ::a.:Model L t tdi eague.... ModelT The originals from which we have turned Spalding Special Model Bats for} players named we hold at our bat factory, making duplicates on special order only. These Spalding Special Model Bats do not bear the players' autographs. Spalding Special Model Bats, s .adie toder Professional Oil Finish. Each, $1.00 WE REQUIRE AT LEAST TWO WEEKS' TIME FOR THE EXECUTION OF SPECIAL BAT, ORDERS SPALDING "ALL STAR" MODEL BATS No. 10 S. We have made up six what might be called "composites models, com- bining the features of several in one bat, and we offer in these "All Star" Bats a line which' possesses the most desirable features for amateurs or professionals Timber same as in the Spalding "Players' Autograph',"Bats. . Each, $1.00 Furnished in aix models of various lengths and weight. Mention Model Number when Ordering. SPALDING BROWN OIL5TENPERE1 BATS No. OOD. Same quality as our "Players' Autograph" and "All Star" Models. Furnished in a most popular assortment Special preparation used on this grade is similar to that which many professional players use... ..Each, $1.00 SPALDING PROFESSIONAL OIL FINISH BATS No. 1OOP. This line is thA resultof exhaustive experimentsand tests conducted in our bat factory Timber same as"Players'Autograph" and "All Star." Ea.,$1.0O Furnshed in twelve models of various lengths and weight. Mention Model Numbea r when Ordering. SPALDING GOLD MEDAL NATURAL FINISH BATS No. 10GG. Timber is same as we use in the "Players' Autograph," the, "All-Star," and the "Professional Oil Finish" bats. .. Each, $1.00' Furniahed in twelve models of various lengths and weight. Mention Model Number when Ordering. Spalding bats improve wish age if properly cared for. Bat made specially to order should not be used for at least thirty (30) days after they are finished, to give ample tite for the oiled finih to thoroughly harden. Players should mane it a rule to have two or more hats in roerve at all iMas . SPALDING TRADE-MARK BATS No. 75. Record. From the most popular models, light antique finish. One dozen in crater(lengths, 30 to 35 inches; weights 36 to 42 ounces). Each. 75c No. 50M. Mushroom. Plain,' special finish. No. O0B. Spalding Junior This is a fine all-around bat. . . . Each, Special finish. Specially No. F. Fungo. Hardwood, 38 in. long, thin selected models. Lengths model. Professional oil finish. . Each, $1.00 and weights proper for No. SOW. Fungo. Willow, light weight, full younger players. Es., SOc, size bat, lain handle . . . . . Each, SOc. No. 25B. Junior League, No. 50T. Men'sTaped League, ash, extraquality, plain, extra quality ash, special finish. - . . . Each, sOc. spotted burning. Ea.,25c. No.50. Men's League, ash,plainhandle." 5O0c No. 10B. Boys' League, No.25. Men's CityLeague,plain handle. " 25c. - goodash,varnished. Ea., ' HOLD BAT PROPERLY AND STRHCIKE THE BALL WITH THE GRAIN. DON'T BLAME THE MAKER FOR A BREAK WHICH OCCURS TiROUGH ABUSE OR IMPROPER USE- FrLngthand.Weights of Bats listed on this page, aen Spaldin 1913 Spring ad Summaer C t i * 5a a S.913. sead to cage W011 11- .d

352

i I I

353

354

MAR 22 1913 Standard Policy A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a Manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. To market his goods through a jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as well as for the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer ate practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz.: the cheap- ening and degrading of the quality of his product. The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that 14 years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding & Bros. determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as " The Spalding Policy." * The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures the supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The " Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways: First.-The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods and the same prices to everybody. Second.-As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required ir the manufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their .ipective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Qialiy. All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are requested to supply consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices-neither more nor less-the same prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stowst All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are trieaz .r ,xactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyorne This briefly, is the " Spalding Policy," which has already been in successfi -operation for the past 14 years and will be indefinitely continued. - In other words, "The Spalding Policy" is a " square deal" for everybody. A. G. SPALDING & BROS. By 9 ~~~~~~~~ParOU, C

355

I