Spalding's official base ball guide, 1910: a machine-readable transcription.

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2009/04/16

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE 1910 1

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Spalding's Athletic Library 3

FREDERICK R. TOOMBS A well known authority on skating, rowing. boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; was sporting editor of American Press Asso- ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- yer and has served several terms as a member of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of New York; has written several novels and historical works. R. L. WELCH A resident of Chicago; the popularity of indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; a player himself of no mean ability; a first- class organizer; he has followed the game of indoor base ball from its inception. DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON Has been connected with Yale University for years and is a recognized authority on gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- jects; is the author of many books on physical training. CHARLES M. DANIELS Just the man to write an authoritative book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the world has ever known; member New York Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion Daniels describes just the methods one must use to become an expert swimmer. GUSTAVE BOJUS Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to write intelligently on all subjects pertaining to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one of America's most famous amateur athletes; has competed successfully in gymnastics and many other sports for the New York Turn Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; was responsible for the famous gymnastic championship teams of Columbia University; now with the Jersey City high schools.

SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now in print, grouped for ready reference - SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS No. I Spalding's Official Base Ball Cuide No. IA Spalding's Official Base Ball Record No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Cuide No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual No. 5 Spalding's Official Colf Guide No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling Guide No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac Group I. Base Ball FOOT BALL AUXILIARY No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball No. 332 Spalding's fficial Canadian Guide. Foot Ball Guide. No. lA Official Base Ball Record. No. 335 Spalding's Official Rugby Foot No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. Ball Guide. No. 223 How to Bat. roP0p ill. Cllcket No. 232 How to Run Bases. No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. No. 230 How to Pitch. No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. No. 229 How to Catch. No. 225 How to Play First Base. Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 226 How to Play Second Base. No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- No. 227 How to Play Third Base. nis Annual. No. 228 How to Play Shortstop. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. 224 How to Play the Outfield. No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn How to Organize a Base Ball Tennis. Club. League. Group V. Gol How to Organize a Base Ball GOlp Vf Go0u No. | How to Manage a Base Ball No. 5 Spalding's Offcial GolfGuide 2NO. Club. No. 276 How to Play Golf. 231 How toTrain aBaseBallTeam Group Vi . ooclke How to Captain a Base Ball HowtoUmapireaGame. Teamll No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Technical Base Ball Terms. Guide. No. 219 Rady Reckoner of Base Ball No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. Percentages No. 154Field Hockey. (Lawn Hockey. BASE BALL AUXILIARIES No. 188 Parlor Hockey. No. 319 MinorLeague Base Ball Guide Garden Hockey. No. 320 Official Book National League No. 180 Ring Hockey. of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. HOCKEY AUXILIARY No. 321 Official Handbook National No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario Playground Ball Assn. Hockey Association. Group II. foot Ball Group VII. Basket Ball No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball No. 7 Spalding's Oficial Basket Guide. Ball Guide. No. 334 Code of the Foot Ball Rules. No. 318 Basket Ball Guide forWomen. No. 324 How to Play Foot Ball. No. 318 Basket Ball Guide forWomen No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot BASKET BALL AUXILIARY Ball Guide. No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball No. 286 How to Play Soccer. Handbook. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS

ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES. No. 311-Official Handbook of the A.A.U. The A. A. U. is the governing body of athletes in the United States of America, and all games must be held under its rules, which are exclusively published in this handbook, and a copy should be in the hands of every athlete and every club officer in America. Price 10 cents. No. 316-Official Intercolle- giate A.A.A.A. Handbook. Contains constitution, by-laws, and laws of athletics; records from 1876 to date. Price 10 cents. No. 308-Official Handbook New York Interschol- astic Athletic Associa- tion. Contains the Association's records, constitution and by-laws and other information. Price 10 cents. No. 302- Official Y.M.C.A. Handbook. Contains the official rules governing all sports under the jurisdiction of the Y. M. C. A., official Y. M. C. A. scoring tables, pentathlon rules, pictures of leading Y. M. C. A. athletes. Price 10 cents. No. 313-Official Handbook of the Public Schools Athletic League. Edited by Dr. C. Ward Crampton. director of physical education in the Public Schools of Greater New York Illustrated. Price 10 cents.

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Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide Thirty-fourth Year 1910 23

CI. A 2592 46

Contents 25

t,.: A G S Contents PAGr A G. Spalding Trophy ................................................ 32 American League Averages, Official .................................. 314 American League Season of 1909 ...................................... 85 ! Annual Meetings- American League .............................................. 889 National League ............................................. 389 Attendance in 1909.. ...................................... 285 Base Ball Playing Rules, Official....................................... 353 Index to Playing .....................................385 * %! Ready Reference Index to......................................... 350 ~ ~* ' Base Ball Playing Rules, Spalding's Simplified- B all ............... ................................................. 339 Ball Ground ............................. 33.8 Balls, Providing.......... ............... 340 Balls, Soiling ........................................340 Base Running Rules ..............................345. Bat, Regulation ................................. 339' Batting Rules .....................................343 * Benches, Players' .................................................. 339 Coaching Rules .........................................347 Definitions, General............................................... 349 Field for Play, Fitness of ......................................... 340 Field Rules ...................................340( Game, Regulation .....................................341 Gloves and Mitts, Regulation ..............339. Ground Rules ..................................34&. Innings, Choice of .......................................... 34...... Players, Number and Position of ..................................34 Players, Substitute ................................................ 340 Pitching Rules ............................................... 341 : Scoring Rules...................................................... 349' 5-' Scoring of Runs.348 SScoring of Runs................................................... 348 Umpire's Authority ............................................... 349. - Umpire's Duties ......................................348 U niform s ............................. ............ ....... 339, Uniforms.X 339, Base Ball Writers' Association ...................................... 19 Dead of 1909 ........................................................... 292 Diagram, Correct, of a Ball Field ................................... 352 Editorial Comment ..................................................... Introduction........................................................... 5 . National Association of Professional Base Ball Leagues- '/ - American Association .................................. 137 Blue Grass League .................................26 f California State League ................................266

National Association of Professional Base Ball Leagues-(Con.)- PAGI Carolina Association.............................................. 259 Central Association ..................................... . 243 Central Kansas League............................................ 255 Central League ............................................ 201 Connecticut League ..................................... 175 Eastern Carolina League ..................................... 235 Eastern League ......................................... 145 Illinois-Missouri League ......................231 Indiana-Illinois-Iowa League ......................... . 191 Kansas State League ..................................... 239 Minnesota-Wisconsin League ................................... 275 New England League.. ...................................... 171 New York State League..................................... 187 Northern Indiana League ..................................... 205 Northwestern League ........................................ 197 Ohio and Pennsylvania League .................................... 217 Ohio State League..................................... 249 Pacific Coast League....................................... . 151 Pennsylvania-West Virginia League................................ 280 South Atlantic League.. .. .............................. 221 Southern Association......................................... 157 Southern Michigan League ..................................... 251 Texas League..................................... 207 Tri-State League ........................................... 181 Virginia League .......................................227 Western Association ....................................... 212 W estern League ....................................... 163 Western Canada League ....................................... 268 Wisconsin-Illinois League ....................................... 271 National League Averages, Official ..................................... 307 National League Championship Campaign of 1909..................... 73 National League Season of 1909..................................... 55 New National League President..................................... 7 Official Club Rosters........................................... 333 Organized Base Ball for the Schools .......................... 321 Pennant Winners iner 1909....................................... 283 Pitchers' Records as Base Ball Experts View Their Formulation...... 21 President's Day at Chicago ............................................ 51 Schedules for 1910 .... ........................... ......... 390 Unveiling of Chadwick Monument..................................... 295 University of Wisconsin vs. Japan .................................... 303 ( Victorian Base Ball League, Australia................................ 301 Wonderful Prophecy Quickly Realized ................................ 43 World's Championship Series of 1909...................................... 105

Introduction 27

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. Introduction In many ways the Base Ball season of 1909 was a shower of sunbeams for all those who were connected with its transition. Prosperity shone from an unclouded sky. It enveloped alike the major leagues and the minor leagues. There were some clubs which were less fortunate than their neighbors, but it will be dif- ficult to expect anything better, no matter how long continued our competitions for national and local championships. Even the less fortunate were not so unfortunate as some clubs had been in seasons prior, which is not only encouraging but a cer- tain index of the steady progress which Base Ball is making toward that standard where its; fixed values will be in excess of its probabilities. From an artistic standpoint it is rather difficult to discrimin- ate accurately as to evolution. There are some who maintain that the Base Ball of the present is better than that of the past. It is doubtful if this can be thoroughly proved. It is a presumptuous task on the part of anybody to attempt to prove it. There are too many attendant features to be considered when- ever one becomes reminiscent, and more than that not all of us are in position where we can be reminiscent with accuracy, for there are comparatively few of the modern school who were spec- tators of the Base Ball which was played in the '70's. One quality may well be attributed to the Base Ball of 1909, as well as to that of 1876, and that is the pleasure afforded to those who witnessed the contests. We have no record that en- thusiasm was less plentiful some thirty years ago. On the con- trary, it seems that the Base Ball of those days was welcomed with as much spontaneous approval as that of a more recent period, and after all what test is there to be devised which shall be more comprehensive? The "fan" of the '70's, with all his enthusiasm, was not more demonstrative than the "fan" of the '90's, and those of both periods attest their love for the game by the devotion with which they follow it, and one human being can ask no more of another. The realities of Base Ball have increased enormously in value. Permanency to the sport has been appreciated by those who are sponsors for it. They have been generous in outlay for the crea- ture comfort of the spectators. They should be. It is a matter of mutual respect. The better the conveniences the greater the at- tendance. The greater the attendance the better the conveniences. It works both ways. Millions of dollars are invested in Base Ball where the sum was once denoted by thousands. These millions of dollars by no possibility can be considered unwise investment and expenditure. The glorious amusement which is afforded to more than 60,000,000 persons during the outdoor season is one of the finest pleasures of our modern civilization. This, too, is to be considered solely as the spectacular and ex- hibitive side of the sport, for not less than one-third of the total population of the republic derives fully as much pleasure in par- ticipating in the game in some capacity or another as amateurs. The outlook for the season of 1910 is better than that of 1909. If the signs are not misleading there will be more and as fine Base Ball as there was last Summer. There is absolutely nothing in sight at the present time which would warrant the prediction of anything but multiplying successes, and the individual-who makes any effort to upset such capital conditions is an enemy to the grandest sport in the world and a peevish foe to his own fellow beings.

THOMAS J. LYNCH, President of the National League.

New National League President 29

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 7 New National Leadue President Each year the National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs elects its president. The choice in 1909 fell upon Thomas J. Lynch of New Britain, Conn., after a deadlock of nearly a week, four clubs of the league having voted for John Montgomery Ward and four for R. B. Brown of Louisville, Ky. The name of Mr. Lynch was suggested by John T. Brush of the New York National League Club, and his selection to the position was unanimous. Other candidates were considered, but by an implied agreement four members of the league had expressd a willingness to vote for a candidate whom Mr. Brush should name, except John Montgomery Ward. When the election of Mr. Lynch was announced to the public there came to him from the far away Pacific Slope a telegram of congratulation, which, he said, pleased him more than any other, and which he would have framed to hang in his office. It read as follows: "I extend my congratulations to the new president of the old National League; also the old secretary, Mr. Heydler. You are a good team. . G. SPALDING. ~A. G. SPALDING.? Thomas J. Lynch is the seventh man to be elected to the presidency of the National League. He is' a native of New Britain and is fifty-one years of age. In 1885 he was connected with the New England League. In 1886 he became an umpire in the Eastern League. The clubs, which comprised the circuit of the Eastern League that year were Jersey City, Newark, Bridgeport, Hartford, Meriden, Providence, Waterbury and Long Island. Mr. Lynch made his debut with the Providence club in the Eastern League The opponents of Providence were the Hartfords. His first game was a fourteen-inning contest. 'The next year he was with the New England League. In 1888 he accepted an appointment in the National League as umpire and remained with that organization until 1899. He withdrew from the National League be'cause the players were becoming too abusive and were not held in check by owners as he thought they should have been. He retired to his residence in New Britain, Conn., where he remained as manager of a local theater until he received a call to act as president of the National League, a position which he accepted without hesitation when the circumstances of his selec- tion were explained to him. So far as Mr. Lynch's Base Ball experience is concerned only praise of his work as an umpire may be emphatically repeated. In the politics of the game he never had a share. In the con- struction of the game he took no part. There was no occasion for him to do so. His firmness, fairness and sense of the fitness of things are three qualities which commended him to the owners of the National League clubs as their selection for a president. Without attempting to be prophetic as to the future it may safely be understood from the start that Mr. Lynch will insist on rigid adherence to propriety on the field on the part of the players, and no owner, whether fie be the head of a first division club or of a second division club, will find the new president in any manner inclined to be conciliatory where he thinks that the rights of the public have been disregarded.

JOHN A. HEYDLER, Secretary-Treasurer National League.

Editorial Comment 31

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. U The city council of Trenton appropriated a sum to give the boys Base Ball during the summer months. That was in 1908. It proved to be a great success. The council appropriated money for another season in 1909, which was more of a success. The City Magistrates report that juvenile crime was practically wiped off the calendar during the summers of 1908 and 1909, and attrib- ute much of the clean life of the city to the fact that the boys were so busy with their Base Ball nines that they had no oppor- tunity to get into mischief. Almost 150 uniformed clubs were organized by the boys in Trenton. There were a dozen playing fields on which they hold their games. Contests took place every afternoon except Sunday. It needed about seventy contests each week to get through the schedule. There were four sections of the league-the primary, made up of boys from 8 to 10; the midgets, with an age limit of 12 years; the intermediate league, with boys between 12 and 14, and the junior league, made up of boys who are under 16 years of age. The entire scheme is under the control of a Play- ground Commission, which is appointed by the Mayor. Within the past two years there has been One Word a noticeable tendency, even though it be of slight, to obtrude too prominently the com- O mercial side of Base Ball upon the public. It Warning is not out of place in the GUIDE to remind those who are connected with the greatest national pastime in the world that it is a sport. It is not an exhibition. It is in no sense a show. It cannot be handled like stocks and bonds, nor sold like the merchandise of the market. The average Base Ball enthusiast cares little or nothing for the business side of the game and is inclined to resent any effort to place it before him. He is willing to contribute to the success of the team which he favors. He esteems that to be his privilege, but he resents any implied theory that he is to take his Base Ball whether he likes it or not. Personal disagreements between owners of clubs of importance are likely to occur. They have occurred in the past, and there is nothing which would indicate that the future is to be freed of them, but when these disagreements lead to personal abuse, Base Ball as a sport is injured. Nothing is gained by airing differences of opinion in public when those differences are not based on sport alone. The high standard which has been established by professional Base Ball in the United States-there is no professional sport in all the world which is so high class and so ably managed-must not be jeopardized for a moment by the contrariness of an individual. One of the remarkable growths in organized The Base Ball has been that of the National Asso- Natona1 ciation of Minor Leagues. At the present time this Association con- Association trols Base Ball in 256 cities and some day will control it in twice that number. There are more than 7,000 players under its jurisdiction. Its leagues will number more than thirty in all probability in 1910. The property interests of the association are valued at more than $20,000,000, and more than 24,000,000 spectators are reported

T -t

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 13 :o have patronized the games of the various leagues comprising the Association during the season which is past. - Twenty years ago minor league Base Ball was farcical com- pared with such a showing as the above. The minor leagues which were then successful could be counted on the fingers of one hand. Those which survived the Fourth of July were congratulated and respected by the major leagues. Occasionally there is a tendency to ascribe this present success of the minor leagues to their individual effort. That hardly appears to be the proper solution of their prosperity. When this' present Association was organized it was al but impossible to induce many of the minor league owners to join it. Some of them almost had to be led to the meeting. ; They could not have built up such a structure as they now possess were it not for the co-operation and the sincere co-operation B, ':of the major leagues. The latter have an asset which the minor leagues never can hope to have in such large measure-the con- gestion of population, which is wholly in favor of the National and American leagues. . What has made the National Association such a wonderful working body and such a power for good in our great national pastime is that it is a part of Organized Base Ball. There is the keynote to success in the game. Organize, stick to organization, abide by the rules of the organization, and success follows. Work independently, without regard to rule, and ruin is inevi- table and ruin will assuredly pull down the walls of the weaker organizations first. As a whole the ball players of the major Exemplary leagues in 1909 conducted themselves with Cnduct more propriety than they had in some sea- CoduU sons. It did not detract from the game. of Players It would appear that some of our managers and leading players are beginning to perceive that Base Ball gets along better if there is less friction between s the principals of the field. The suspensions for poor deportment during games were fewer than they had been in the past. Now and then there was a manager or a captain who lost his temper because of a decision and was sent to the clubhouse. Unfortun- ately we have not obtained a staff of umpires who are infallible. It is not likely that we ever shall. It undoubtedly is very exasper- ating to the captain of a team to hear an umpire make an incorrect decision and realize that it may lose the game for his club. Yet for the good of Base Ball the captain who is a witness to that sort of thing must learn to control himself so that he shall not De removed from the field. His absence from his team, especially if j it should happen to be prolonged, is likely to prove more costly than the loss of a single game. The work of the umpires, as a rule, in 1909 was fair. The standard never has been so high that it cannot be higher. One or two of the umpires were guilty of talking back to the players. There can be little mistake in this statement, as reports have been received from too many sources to admit that it can be wrong. It is to be hoped that the presidents of both of the major leagues, and of the minor leagues as well, will instruct their umpires that they must refrain from conduct similar to that for which players are disciplined. An umpire who talks back to a player and then removes the latter from the field after he has baited him, is as guilty as the player and should be made to suffer as severe punishment. i

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 15 Only a little more than one year ago Mr. The Future A. G. Spalding, in conversation with the editor International of the GUIDE, predicted the wonderful building boom in Base Ball which has been so much in Pastime evidence the past season, and which is of such importance that attention has been called to it in a special article in this issue. It is doubtful if any of us imagined that Mr. Spalding's prophecy would be realized so quickly. It may be possible that the predic- tion, which he made with such conciseness, so impressed itself upon owners of Base Ball clubs that they lost whatever hesitancy they may have entertained about branching out elaborately. In any event, the magnificent pavilions which have been built from the Mississippi River to the Atlantic Ocean are substantial evidence as to the soundness of Mr. Spalding's position, and some will shortly be followed by even more magnificent structures. This year, in reviewing the work of the season which was con- cluded in October, and after a thorough review of the situation in general, Mr. Spalding has again essayed to be prophetic, and his prediction is even more forcible and more remarkable than that of 1909. Seated at his desk one afternoon, in his characteristic manner he paused abruptly while conversing upon the subject which demanded his immediate attention, and said impressively: "The day is not far distant when Base Ball will be the international sport of the world. Mark well what I say. You have reminded me that I prophesied the widespread building era of clubs and club owners. I am now willing to go further than that-away beyond, in fact. It may sound like Yankee boasting to other nations, but I repeat that the day is not far distant when Base Ball will be the international sport of the globe." How far is Mr. Spalding from seeing realized the truth of his utterances? We have Base Ball in Australia, in Japan, in the Philippines, in Great Britain, in the West India islands, in Mexico, in Central America. in New Zealand, in Canada, in Italy, and in the Sandwich Islands. It is a pastime which is bound to spread into Asia from Japan and the Philippines. Chinese students who are in the United States acquiring a collegiate education have informed the editor of the GUIDE that they are determined to take the game home with them. Some are at Yale and some at other of the larger institutions of the East, and all of them are enthusiastic over Base Ball and sanguine that their companions at home will like it after they have tried it. "If the Japanese students can play the game, so can we," said one of the Chinese students one after- noon. The visit of the United States fleet to Australia gave greater incentive to our national pastime in that part of the globe, because the Australians were given the benefit of practical Base Ball as Americans play it. It is said that down in the South Sea islands there are residing Americans who, isolated from home for the time being, have taught the natives some of the rudiments of the game and expect to convert them into excellent players. Away to the North, in Alaska, when the miners have a day of relaxation, and the cold is not too intense, they try a little Base Ball, even if it does verge a great deal on "two old cat," for exercise. This great big Amer- ican game of ours is rapidly putting a belt around the globe, and if the prophecy of Mr. Spalding is not realized quite so quickly as that which related to the improvement of Base Ball parks, it is not out of the question to imagine that it will come true within the lives of the present generation of Base Ball players.

,^t BPSPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 17 We have the testimony of ball players that they prefer the present model of spikes to p Concerning anything which has been invented to take Spikes their place. More than that, we have the testimony of manufacturers that they are i**^~ ^only too willing to make another device if some one will produce the model, which shall commend itself as practical and safe. S o it still appears to be "up to the inventors" to find an ap- pliance which shall be, better than the spike of the present time. In spite of the fact that many players have been injured by the use of the spike which is now generally attached to the shoes which are worn on the ball field, professionals who are engaged in the game daily find that other patterns which they have used do not ensure them safely against sprained ankles or tendons. A.t The present spike holds firmly in the ground. All devices which have been manufactured to take its place are inclined to slip when the metals become clogged with earth. Unquestionably a better and safer spike would be welcomed and there is opportunity for the ingenious man to bring it to the surface. The spike in its present shape is a menace to limb and has proved a heavy drawback financially to ball clubs. The losses which have been incurred by having important players injured by spiking at critical stages of races for the championship amount to thousands of dollars. There is not the slightest objection to a new spike if some one shall invent it. The first man who is clever enough to invent the successful spike may not make a fortune, but there is reason to believe that he will be amply recompensed for the trouble to which he has gone. To the thousands of readers of SPALDING'S The OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE the editor cor- Fourth dially and with delight introduces in this FHO E issue the faces of three score and more able J JLEstate men who have built for the good of the sport fully as thoroughly in their way as' the players and the owners of the clubs. Make the acquaintance of the members of the Base Ball Writers' Association! You will find them true blue. Probably there is not one of them whom some have not criticised in one week and praised in the next. It is: part of their sad lot. That is why the editor of the GUIDE wishes to make them generally acquainted all over the world.

Base Ball Writers' Association 41

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 19 Base Ball Writers' Association During the season of 1908 plans were laid for the formation of the Base Ball Writers' Association of the United States. There was no motive in this organization other than securing general conveniences for the men who are detailed from day to day by the great newspapers of the United States to report the accounts of Base Ball games. Without any reason, some assigned as a cause for the formation of the organization a wish to secure a monopoly on Base Ball affairs. How this could be obtained is something which is quite beyond the ken ot the editor of the GUIDE. Writing reports of Base Ball games, like everything else which pertains to the national game, is largely a survival of the fittest. The object of the Associaion, far from having any monopolistic tendency, was tc secure creature comfort at the Base Ball parks. As our wonderful pastime has increased in importance it has congested its stands with humanity, until the men who were assigned to work by newspapers were fairly crowded out of their quarters. Not only did visiting newspaper men suffer, but the local newspaper reporters arrived at grounds only to find that an outsider had taken space which was reserved for them, and refused to surrender it without an unpleasant argument. Some of them did not surrender it. It was held that if the newspaper writers organized and placed before the owners their necessities, with a declaration that they would be responsible for their own members in each city of the major circuits, the press stands would no longer be the rendezvous of those to whom they were not eligible. rThe Association was formed, the experiment tried for a year, and the editor believes that it is the unanimous opinion of Base Ball writers, including those who travel as well as those who are located permanently in one city, that the facilities never were so good as they were in the year 1909. Hence the Association has been perpetuated. At its last annual meeting in New York, Joe S. Jackson of the Detroit Free Press was re-elected president and "Jack" Ryder of the Cincinnati Enquirer vice-president. William G. Weart of the Philadelphia Evening Telegraph was re-elected secretary, and T. H. Murnane of the Boston Globe treasurer. At the request of Mr. Murnane it was decided to consolidate the offices of secretary and treasurer, and Mr. Weart now holds both. The board of directors of the Association is composed of Paul Shannon of the Boston Post, I. E. Sanborn of the Chicago Tribune and the editor of the GUIDE. Desiring to make the first pictorial compilation of the Base Ball writers of the United States, most of whom are members of the Association, as complete as possible, the editor of the GUIDE worked earnestly to make the collection during the winter. It was his hope that all would respond. A few were too modest or perhaps a little forgetful. However, most of the Association is represented in this issue of the GUIDE.

A GROUP OF NEW YORK MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

Pitcher's Records as Base Ball Experts View Their Formulation 43

�~t ~ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIpE. 21 etchers' Records as Base Ball Experts View Their Formulation A. .-odern Base Ball has introduced some features into the pas- ~e which were less common in the days of the past. There :er has been any legal objection to the relief of a 'pitcher, :'his delivery were not baffling to the batters, but the new school managers rushes pitchers to the front whenever there is a .xght indication of wavering. The result is many pitchers for w games, and great difficulty in always accrediting the pitching lent, as it seems to deserve, in the matter of actual work in a )laying season. A new method is needed. To that end the editor of the GUIDE addressed queries to the Base Ball critics of the United States, asking their opinions in the matter. Replies have been many and cheerfully forwarded. To the newspaper fraternity, always well disposed and filled with the spirit of good cheer and kindness, the editor of the GUIDE takes occasion to extend his thanks. The letter addressed to the writers is as follows: The present system of crediting pitchers' for the season is wholly inefficient and at fault. Under the rules now in vogue, where more than one pitcher is likely to be used by each team in a game, an effort has been made to try establish some standard on the basis of games won. Officials of both of the major leagues say they consider that plan entirely unsatisfactory. It tells very little as to the actual worth of a pitcher's serv- ices to the team during the year. In as few words as possible will you advance your ideas as to what seems a satisfactory and better method than the present to estimate the work of pitchers and rate them according to their actual per- formances ? this request replies were received as follows': - LIAM B. HANNA, New York Sun. ihe matter is one which, I think, should be left to the judgment of the fficial scorer, he to consider carefully all the circumstances. It would be difficult to find a hard and fast rule to govern the point." ABaEY NIEMEYE., New York Globe. "We respectfully suggest that the question be left always to the official -porer in each park, so that he can place all the blame upon the pitcher e l-personally dislikes." J. ELAPF, New York Mail. "The change suggested has long been necessary. Unless the score is -*)normally large when a pitcher retires from the game, say in the first 'ree innings, he should not get all the credit for the victory. On the er hand, how quickly do the compilers of records charge a pitcher h defeat if he pitches in only one inning. Say he relieves a pitcher he last inning, his team being one run to the good. Then, through no - of his, the opposing side 'flukes' through with a victory. The pitcher, worked in only one inning, is credited with defeat. The present rule not work both ways. f a pitcher retires from the game after pitching four innings and his m has a big lead, which is maintained to the end, he surely should ; credit for the victory."

A GROUP OF GREATER NEW YORK MEMlBKIt ur 'lnJ _u. BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 25 J. ED. GRILLO, Washington Post. "No change in the present system of crediting pitchers with victories or charging them with defeats when two or more are used in a game has suggested itself to me which will eliminate the injustices which frequently result under the present system. It is my judgment that when such matters are determined by competent officials the pitchers get a square deal on the whole, and a fairly good idea of their actual performances is to be gained. There is no system which will ever give figures showing the actual value of a pitcher." PAUL W. EATON, Washington Correspondent Sporting Life. "I think that either runs earned by opponents, or base hits by opponents, would be the best measure of pitcher efficiency. Probably the first named is preferable." STEPHEN 0. GRAULEY, Philadelphia Inquirer. "In summary of game give each pitcher's name, the number of men to whom he pitches, the hits and runs made off him, the inning in which he was taken out of the box or entered the game. The mere mentioning of the inning the pitcher either left the game, or entered it, would enable the public by a glance to tell just which pitcher was entitled to the victory and which pitcher should be charged with a defeat." GEORGE E. McLINN, Philadelphia Press. "I most certainly think that Base Ball pitchers are not receiving the proper credit for their work under the present system. I would suggest * that a twirler's work be averaged on the number of strike-outs he has, the number of bases on balls he allows, the number of hits the oppo- nents make off his delivery and the winning or losing of the game be made a secondary consideration. A batter who can hit .300, even though he is on a tail-end club, is not kept down to a .200 average because his * fellow players don't help him win games. Why should a pitcher be made to suffer, in the eyes of the "fans" who peruse the averages, simply because his pitching, no matter how good, cannot win alone? Averages based on the individual work of the twirler would encourage him and he would work twice as hard to win, no matter how bad his support was." HARRY NEILY, Cleveland Plain Dealer. *H "Personally. I am not very keen for figures. They show little of the ~'* real ability of a ball player, either as to fielding, pitching or hitting. They make Interesting reading for hungry mid-winter fans and fill space , in the sparse season. If it were possible to work out some percentage system based upon number of innings pitched, hits made and bases on balls given, it would tell more clearly the effectiveness of a pitcher than to compute his average on a basis of whether his team wins or loses. ~, "Pitching is one-half a ball game, being the principal factor in the defense. If a ball club has a weak offense a lot of good pitching is wasted. St. Louis Nationals and Washington Americans present some !fi pretty good examples of the injustice of the system now in vogue." M. P. PARBKER, St. Louis Globe-Democrat. "Two things must be considered in handling the matter. One is to reach, a correct conclusion as to each individual game, while the other is to show accurately the value of the work done during a season. "In handling single games the summary following box scores should be extended somewhat. At present the number of innings pitched, the number 1i of hits and runs made and sometimes the number of batters out (this J , latter being automatically taken care of where fractional parts of innings are given in the first mentioned part of the summary), are given. Extend- ing this so as to. show how many batters have been up and the location of any men on base would aid greatly in forming a correct idea of a pitcher's work in a single game. Grouping the hits, bases on balls and hit batsmen in The innings in which scoring is done would give a fair

he-, a-ld- --- ir^v^^w, - Aw, xInauiuLLti L., l-naroia u. donnston, itecord- Herald; 3, Irving E. Sanborn, Tribune; 4, William J. Veeck, American; 5, Ed Westlake Post. \A GROUP OF CHICAGO MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 27 idea of pitching effectiveness, as it is keeping these separated or allowing them to bunch which makes the difference between good pitching and bad pitching. "As indicating the real merit of pitching during the season about the only way to get a correct estimate is to take a general average on the average number of hits, bases on balls, hit batsmen and strike-outs per game and modify this with the number of games pitched and won and lost. This latter must be taken into consideration because some pitchers with low averages in detail allow hits, passes and hit batters to bunch in one inning and are therefore deservedly losing pitchers." WILLIS E. JOHNSON, St. Louis Globe-Democrat. "Crediting pitchers for the season, as done at the present time, is indeed very inefficient. The only solution of the problem seems to lie in the fact of having a more complete record kept of the work done by twirlers for the entire season. "If, instead of as now doing, a record were kept of innings pitched, showing strike-outs, bases on balls, hits and runs allowed, it seems an average could be struck together with a table showing these facts which would undoubtedly prove more satisfactory and by far more interesting." BBICE HOSKINS, St. Louis Star. "As long as the practice is indulged in of permitting a team to use more than one pitcher in a game, it is apparent that the value of players in this particular department cannot be determined by using as a basis the number of games won and lost, as at present. "A pitcher's rating for the season should be established by the number of innings he works and his actual performance while in the game." WM. G. WEART, Philadelphia Evening Telegraph. "The averages of the pitchers should be made up on the same plan as the percentages of the teams. The latter are secured by adding the total number of games won and lost and dividing the total into the number of games won. For the pitchers, I would consider that each man who faces him be regarded as a chance. Give him credit for every chance that results in a put-out and charge him with a 'chance against' for every batsman who fails to be put out, unless the same was clearly not the fault of the pitcher. In this way, by adding the 'chances accepted' and the 'chances against' and dividing the total into the number of chances accepted, a percentage could be secured. "The chances recorded for the pitcher would thus be the number of ) men who were put out while he was pitching. The chances recorded against the pitcher should at least be every hit made off him, and every batsman who reaches first base on balls or by being hit by a pitched ball. I would also favor being charged against him every balk, every wild pitch and every sacrifice fly, although objection might be raised to these by fear of confusing the fans. Still, each is an evidence of lack of effectiveness of the pitcher. "Making the base hits, bases on balls, and hit by pitched balls as 'chances against,' here is an illustration: "Smith pitches a full nine-inning game. Credit him with 27 'chances accepted.' The opposing team makes 7 hits, receives 2 bases on balls, and one batsman is hit by pitched ball, giving 10 'chances against.' Adding the 27 chances accepted and the 10 chances against, gives a total of 37, and 37 divided into 27 gives a percentage of .730. "In this way, a pitcher would receive credit for what he actually does, instead of his record depending almost entirely upon the work of his team mates." H. W. 3LANIGAN, St. Louis Times. "The present system of crediting the pitchers for the work they accom- plish, or don't accomplish, is a joke. The victories and defeats do not tell much, for the simple reason that all teams are not equal and the r pitcher on the second division or tail-end team has not the chance to

-..1. .. . v uutriu, pur tiung eitlor Tribune; z, James C. Gilruth, News; 3, R. W. Lardner, Tribune; 4, Richard G. Tobin, Inter-Ocean; 5, George C. Rice, News; 6, Malcolm MacLean, Examiner. A GROUP OF CHICAGO MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRlTERS' ASSOCIATION.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE HALL GUIDE. 31 pinch hitter bat, does not seem to be sufficient reason for the pitcher who pitches a half inning to get the credit for the game. However, it is just as hard to see how the credit can be given the first pitcher while the score was against him when he left the rubber. "The only way I see of solving the riddle is to abolish all set scoring rules governing the giving of credit and leave the issue with the official scorers at the various parks. Let their decisions be final. The official scorers may thus use their discretion and credit may be bestowed upon the deserving pitchers." HERMAN NuICKERSON, Boston Journal. "It seems to me every pitcher working in a game should receive a share of the credit for winning and stand for a share of the responsibility for losing a'game. "It is simply a question of addition of fractions or one of percentage, basing the scheme upon ninths, figuring each game as nine innings, all extra innings to be ninths also. The extra half of an inning, when the i\ - winning team's pitcher, being at home, does not have to work, to count as a ninth, as if he had pitched. "For instance, three pitchers work in a nine-inning game and win for their team by a score of 9 to 0. The team winning scores one run in each of the nine innings, three runs for each pitcher. Clearly each twirler is entitled to a share of the victory, yet under the present system the first pitcher gets the credit for the game. "If the work of the pitchers was figured the way I suggest, then every man sent to the mound would get his percentage of victory, or loss, and in the aggregate it would certainly tell more clearly than at present his true worth. "As an example of what I mean we will, say pitchers A and B and C pitch in a winning game for Boston against pitchers D and E, who work for New York. Pitcher A works five innings and should get five-ninths of a victory. Pitcher B works two innings and gets the credit for two- ninths. Pitcher C works two innings, getting credit also for two-ninths. "Pitcher D was taken out in the eighth inning with the score against his team. I would credit him with an eight-ninths loss while giving Pitcher E one-ninth loss. This would be the same proposition if the score stood in his favor when pitcher D was taken out. "In the case where the pitcher 'blows up' and his team finds the score 4 to 0, we will say, against him, the retiring pitcher leaving the game with men on bases in the first inning. He should get the credit for one- *-. ninth loss of the game, even though the pitcher who relieved him gets eight-ninths loss credited to him. If the relieving pitcher pitched fine ball and his team won through a rally he gets credit for an eight-ninths victory. The man who started the game gets credit for one-ninth. "At first glance it is seen that this pitcher got eight-ninths credit for a loss against one-ninth for the man who 'blew up.' True, but in the course of a season's work these would equalize themselves and point as true as a sign post to the men who were entitled to front rank as twirlers. "When more than one pitcher is used by a team in a game why wouldn't it be a good idea to have a place in the summary set aside for the scorer to indicate the proportion of victory and loss to be credited the men pitching? "For example, in a game where the Boston pitcher twirled the full nine innings, winning, and two New York pitchers were used, B working four innings and C five innings, the summary should read: "A, for Boston, gets credit for winning; B, New York, four-ninths loss; C, New York, five-ninths loss." RA.LPH S. DAVIS, Pittsburg Press. "I believe there should be no hard and fast rule, but that common sense ; . * should prevail. I think the pitchers' records should show, as well as games participated in, games won and games lost, the number of times a twirler was relieved by another pitcher, and the number of times he relieved a team-mate. Suppose in the ninth inning the twirler who had J~.~-

^ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 35 Should the pitcher who relieved him prevent opponents from scoring in i the same inning, he should be credited with the victory. In all other cases let the official scorer use his judgment." JOE S. SMITE, Detroit Journal. "To give a pitcher full credit, I believe an average should be struck ) - on his year's performance, taking into consideration innings pitched, bases on balls, strike-outs, wild pitches and hits off him by opposing batsmen. Such an average would be a true judge of a pitcher's worth." H. G. SALSIXNGER, Detroit News. "The pitcher who relieves another should receive credit fcr the game if won, providing his team is behind or the score is tied when he goes into the box. "If the game is lost it should be recorded against the pitcher taken , m_ out, providing his team is behind or the score is tied and there are -u men on bases when he is relieved. Only when his team is ahead and the score is tied with bases clear should the first pitcher be exempt from blame." JACK P. CREMER, Detroit Journal. "It is my opinion that pitchers should be classified according to the ability displayed in each game as well as by the win and lose system. "Suppose pitching is divided into eight classes, designated A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H. If a pitcher lets the opposition down with a hit or two, gave but few passes, but lost through poor support, even though the opposing pitcher was freely batted, he could be credited with a 'B' or -C' game, while the other pitcher would be given a rating of 'E' or 'F.' "In the preparations of the final averages the classification could be easily averaged and the pitchers rated according to their actual per- formances. This, of course, in addition to the standing of the pitchers by winning and losing games. "The only objection that has been raised to this plan is that it puts it entirely up to the official scorer. But I do not consider this a serious matter, as the question of all standings is to-day entirely in the hands of the scorers and all averages depend on the honesty of the scoring. "I also believe that the matter of crediting a win where two or more pitchers officiate in a game, and the loss also, should be left to the judgment of the scorer entirely." PAUL H. BRUVSKE, Detroit Times. "A pitcher is valuable to his team, not in his ability to hold his opponents to a low average of hits or runs, but to win his games. Games won and lost should therefore remain the most effective method of meas- uring efficiency, interesting and instructive as other data may be. "No set rules can be laid down as a basis of determining the responsi- bility for defeat and the credit of victory, In many cases the decision is one of simple judgment and opinion. The one man qualified to deliver the verdict in such a case is the league's official scorer who may be on V) duty at the time. If this man is qualified to pass wise and unbiased opinion on the other features of the game-and his appointment presup- poses such ability-he should be the one on whose decision the league averages are to be compiled." JIM C. HAMILTON, Cincinnati Commercial Tribune. "I believe that the present system of compiling the batting averages v' of the different players of the big leagues can hardly be improved upon. At least I have heard no complaints during the last few years as to the mode of getting at the batting worth of a player during a season by the system now in vogue. Therefore would it not be wise to pattern the pitcher's record along the same line? The batter is charged with times - ^ at bat, number of hits he makes, with supplementary honors of bases on balls and reaching first base, no matter how. My idea is this: Allow

A GROUP OF PITTSBURG MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL ' WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. the scorer to record the number of men that each pitcher pitches to. Also record the number of hits off of the pitcher and compile his average with these two sets of figures, just as one does with the two sets of figures for the batsman. Of course, the supplementary honors would be the games won and lost, players struck out, while the errors would be the bases on balls allowed, batsmen hit, etc. There is no denying the fact that this would be a rather intricate method compared to the present manner, that of simply counting the games won and lost. The inequality of the present system is shown very distinctly in a number of games in the National League last season when a pitcher was beaten, although holding his opponents to three and four hits, while the day after, another pitcher managed to win, although being hit to the extent of twelve safeties. As long as there are errors a pitcher's worth can not be ascertained through the system now in vogue." I-. FRANK W. ROSTOCK, Cincinnati Post. "In regard to the matter of doping out pitchers' averages, I wish to say that I find this a very ticklish question. So many things enter into this question that I prefer to give it a little more thought. No system better than the one in use has suggested itself to me without bringing with it such a complicated manner of scoring that it would be absolutely impossible to keep it without going 'ratty.'" JACK RYDER, Cincinnati Enquirer. "In my judgment, the present method is superior to any that has yet been proposed. The object of a pitcher is to win his game and the public which keeps track of the averages is mainly interested in the success of a pitcher in winning his games. Of course, a high-class pitcher on a low-class club gets a little the worst of it in the averages, but the general working of the present system is comparatively fair. I think, when taken into consideration with the standing of his club, each pitcher is apt to get credit for about what is coming to him. I believe that it would be a mistake to rate pitchers in any other way than according to the games won by them." REN MXULFORD, Jr., Cincinnati Correspondent Philadelphia Sporting ILife. "The rules now in vogue for separating the pitching sheep from the goats seem unsatisfactorily clear enough. Sometimes the rules have been officially stretched and the victor's palm given to twirlers who, under the strictest interpretation of laws laid down for scorers, should have been charged with defeat. Here's a case in point: With the score tied in the tenth, Gasper is taken out to permit some one else to bat for him at a time when a hit would mean victory. The hit wasn't made. Ewing stepped in and shut the other fellows out in the eleventh and then Cincinnati in their half pounded in a run and victory. The rules prescribe the credit for victory to Ewing. And these rules render of uncertain value the record of winning and losing pitchers. Official scorers, how- ever, should be given latitude to allow their own good judgment to rule in deciding cases such as the one I have cited. Real pitching values are only established by the percentage of runs made off the delivery of the man at the firing line." B. W. IARDNER, Chicago Tribune. "Although the present system of rating pitchers at the end of the season does not give a true conception of their strength, I do not think a new system, such as figuring the percentage of earned runs or hits per inning, would meet with the favor of the Base Ball public at large. The latter wants averages it can understand at a glance; it wants to know what pitcher won most games and what pitcher lost least. As a rule, Base Ball players and club owners can pick the strongest pitchers without consulting the averages, so a new system would not be giving them much information and the sort it would give the public would not be appreciated."

St. Louis Globe Democrat. A GROUP OF CINCINNATI AND ST. LOUIS MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 39 GEORGE C. RICE, Chicago News. "A record of games won and lost by pitchers gives no idea of the value of a pitcher, inasmuch as the team behind him may be responsible for a victory or a loss. To find out the true worth of a pitcher it is neces- sary to keep a record of the hits and runs made off him, the number of strike-outs he makes and the bases on balls that he gives. This will give the individual merit of the pitcher and would establish his value much better than the present method of counting victories and defeats." I. E. SANBORN, Chicago Tribune. "There is no question but the present system is almost valueless, nor have I heard a suggestion which would make the basis of games won a fair one. Without taking time to give the question serious thought, would it not be possible to evolve some system based on the average of runs scored to innings pitched or on the average of base hits to innings pitched? The basis of runs scored has the advantage that there are pitchers on whom it is hard to score, although they may be hit rather freely, but it has the disadvantage that it would be difficult to decide sometimes which pitcher should be charged with runs when one pitcher replaces another with runners on the bases and these runners score in that inning. The basis of base hits has the disadvantage that it would rate the pitcher with poor control, who issues many passes, above the better pitcher, who made every man hit the ball. To both these sugges- tions there is the objection that the element of good or bad support cannot be figured in and errors often are responsible for runs and hits which good support would have averted. Revival of the earned run would not be an altogether fair basis unless bases on balls were counted as contributory to an earned run, and unless a hard and fast definition of an earned run were made and adhered to uniformly. With those provisos the earned run might solve the problem. The man who sug- gests the solution to which no objection can be made will deserve a * I monument at the entrance to every Base Ball park in the land, for he will have done the game a great and lasting benefit." ALPFRED . CRATTY, Pittsburg Correspondent Philadelphia Sporting Life. "The present plan might be better if it were put on a sensible basis. They tell me that Secretary Heydler, of the National League, rules only after he has looked carefully into the angles of the game. The situation is gone over thoroughly. For example, a pitcher goes along finely for a few rounds and then suddenly develops a bad spell, filling the bags. The relief call is sounded. On to the slab comes a change twirler. Latter is unable to check scoring. A long hit clears the bags. The score had been a tie, but this smash puts the offensive team far in the lead and K � virtually wins the game. That event is marked 'Lost,' not against the relieving pitcher but against the one who created the mess, filled the bases. You know there are twirlers who have had spells. Often they are relieved by a substitute at a critical time. The 'sub' checks the going and the pitcher who was responsible for the mass of men on the bags is credited by most people with a victory. He doesn't deserve it. Heydler doesn't give it to him. Common sense, well applied, might improve the system now in vogue." J. C. GILEUTTH, Chicago News. "I believe it would help greatly in determining a pitcher's actual JA ' ability to add three new columns to the official records of the pitcher's averages, showing the total number of times at bat against him, the total number of runs scored off him and the total number of hits made off him. This would at least give an idea of a pitcher's effectiveness against batters. "Games are won by the runs scored, so why not figure the standing of the pitchers on the runs scored off the twirler, based on the total 1 number of innings pitched by him? This would reverse the present percentage standing, the smallest figures denoting the highest place in

- -- ...--,, I -, -, V, vivs i r. Juonson, GloUe-Democrat: 3, J. E. Wray, Post-Dispatch; 4, James Crusinberry, Post-Dispatch; 5, Brice Hoskins, Star. A GROUP OF ST. LOUIS MIEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

t SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 41 the list. For instance-Brown pitched 331 full innings and had 77 runs scored against him, giving an average of .233. Reulbach pitched 262 full innings, and 69 runs were scored off him, giving a percentage of .263. Overall pitched 193 full innings, had 67 runs scored against him, and his average would be .347. _ - "Runners get on base and advance until they tally runs, largely through the pitching-base hits, bases on balls, hit by pitched balls, 1 balks. Almost the only outside influences helping the batter to become a base runner and to score runs are fielding errors and a fielder's choice, which cuts off one base runner in permitting another to get on. The percentage is about two to one all the time against the pitcher. This shows how heavily his work figures in the scoring of runs-the winning '. or losing of games. * "The objection, in my mind, to rating the pitchers on the base hits made off them is that it is runs, not hits, that determine the result of a game. Some of the greatest pitchers Base Ball has known were hit hard when there was no imminent danger of defeat, yet possessed the ability to tighten up and cut off a run in a pinch." MALCOLM MacLEAN, Chicago Examiner. When a pitcher is taken from the box with the score against him cr tied he should be credited with the defeat if there are one or more men on the bases at the time, whether there are any batters out or not. But-in case the pitcher who relieves him ends with a victory, the latter should be credited with said victory. There should, however, be a separate column in such instances. In other words there should be a percentage for FULL games a pitcher has won and lost AND a percentage for PARTIAL games he has won and lost. HENRY P. EDWAZDS, Cleveland Plain Dealer. "The question of deciding which pitcher, in event of more than one participating in a game for the same club, is to be credited with the victory or charged with defeat is a difficult one on which to secure uniformity. In Cleveland we have attempted to use commoi sense and justice. "For instance, say Cleveland is playing Boston, with Joss and Wood the opposing pitchers. The score is 0 to 0 at the end of the second half of the eighth. Joss is taken out, to allow another batsman to take his place. Cleveland scores one or more runs that half. Boston fails to score in the ninth, with Berger pitching. In such a case, it has been 2 our rule to credit Joss the victory. Some scorers might say he was not in the game when the winning run was scored and that the victory should go to the pitcher who finished. I think the just way is the way I have mentioned. "In event of a pitcher having bequeathed occupants of some of the bases when he is relieved in a close game, one or more of said occu- pants subsequently scoring prior to the retirement of the side in that 4- inning, I believe that the first pitcher should be charged with the defeat unless the score is subsequently tied, even though his team was in the lead when he was taken out. "Another peculiar case which I believe is decided unjustly at present is this. Say New York and Chicago are playing. New York scores six runs off Overall in the first inning. He is relieved by Brown. Later Chicago ties the score. The game goes into extra innings. An error is allows New York to win out by the score of 7 to 6 in the thirteenth. , According to the scoring rules which are in vogue at present, Brown would be charged with the defeat. Should he? He pitches eleven shut- '! out innings and is scored on only once and then through an error made by one of the men behind him. Overall, on the other hand, pitched one very bad inning and was responsible for his team being scored upon 4' six times. I would use justice in this case again and charge Overall with the defeat, even though Brown had an even chance to win from the eightL inning on." Jy

A GROUP OF CLEVELAND MEMBERS OF THE BASE BALL WRITERS' ASSOCIATION.

Wonderful Prophecy Quickly Realized 65

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 48 Wonderful Prophecy Quickly Realized BY JOHN B. FOSTER. It was a little more than one year ago that Mr. Albert G. Spalding sat in his office in New York city, discussing the various affairs which pertain to the national pastime. There is none l iving to-day who has had the experience which has fallen to his lot as both owner and player. No man knows more of the essentials of both features of the sport. His relations with Base Ball have been those of a builder, ^ ~not only at the inception of the National League in 1876, but prior to it, when he was a player, and quick to suggest needed reforms before they were proposed by gentlemen who were then owners. .~ � As Mr. Spalding, during the conversation to which reference is made, grew more and more entertaining with his comment on Base Ball affairs he was asked what he thought might be the future | of the national pastime. Rising quickly from the desk at which he had been sitting, with IV > great earnestness, he took three or four strides about the room and then pausing abruptly raised his arm and brought the index finger of the upraised hand emphatically upon the outstretched palm of the other and for the moment became a prophet. "The future of Base Ball," said Mr. Spalding, "is greater than the most optimistic of the owners of the present day dare dream in their most prosperous moments. In years to come there will be magnificent steel and stone stands, two and three stories high, with superb playing lawns stretching in front of them. There will * be open seats for those who prefer to sit in the sunlight and they will be built on structures of brick, concrete, steel and stone. There will be modern conveniences at every Base Ball park which will be equal to those of the theater. Crowds will attend the sport greater in number than ever have attended it in the past and they will be made up of the representative men and women of the nation." When this prediction was made not one of the owners of the valuable franchises in the National and American Leagues had announced that he intended to improve his property. Within the short time which has elapsed since the prophetic voice of the sage of Base Ball made its utterance the magnitude of building opera- tions in the East and the West, on both National and American League grounds, has been even more wonderful than the Base Ball jH* races of the current season. No better term may be used, therefore, to describe the years 1908-09 than to call them the "building era of Base Ball." Within this period the most elaborate and costly improvements have been projected and carried to completion by owners of clubs who are further determined to put the national sport In its professional capacity on a permanent basis. The Chicago National League club was first of all to enlarge the capacity of its stands and to make such alterations as might in the opinion of its owner provide more physical comfort for the patrons. Owing to the fact that the real estate on which the Chicago field is located is not owned by the company controlling the team, the management did not go into a system of detail which would have converted the plant into a permanent institution. It did make such improvements as were believed to be war- ranted, in view of the length of time which the lease has to operate. The capacity of the grand stand was greatly increased by extending Ae it along both wings and by rearranging the seats of the boxes. The success of the Chicago club well guaranteed the expenditure

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 45 for the seating capacity of the plant has frequently been tested during the games for world's championships and when such keen rivals as Pittsburg and New York were engaged in Chicago. Before the season had been half completed the owners of the Philadelphia American League club announced that they had pur- chased a plot of ground in the .western part of the city and would erect thereon the most palatial Base Ball structure in the world. There is a splendid amount of local pride in Philadelphia for Base Ball, as well as great respect for the national pastime. That local pride is such that the property of the Philadelphia American League club was secured to it through legal procedure in such a manner that it was agreed never to cut a street through the park. Would that other cities in the United States would be liberal enough and thoughtful enough to do the same thing. No possible harm can come to young or old America by encouraging a good healthy sport like Base Ball. By the beginning of the season of 1909 the Philadelphia stand was completed and it was dedicated on April 12-Easter Monday- at which time the Philadelphia and Boston clubs of the American League played a regular championship game. Invited guests were present from all parts of the United States and it was generally conceded that Benjamin P. Shibe and his associates of the Phila- delphia American League had indeed erected a monument to Base Ball. The stand is a splendid structure of steel and cement. The field is one of the finest in the United States. The Athletics of the American League will have a home until the players of the present generation have grown gray, and passed away, and their children's children have passed away. There is scarcely a limit to the dura- tion of time in which this great structure will last for all sub- stantial purposes concerning Base Ball. The general undertaking represents an outlay of not far from half a million dollars, yet the investment is held everywhere to be a good one. In the season of 1908 the management of the New York National League club had undertaken 'to make some improvements on the stands at the Polo Ground. It had been the wish of John T. Brush, from the time that he acquired the control of the New York club, to find a suitable area in New York and build a permanent stand of steel and concrete that would surpass anything which had ever been contemplated for outdoor athletics. Of course there was no site more convenient than the Polo 3 Ground, but no declaration could be obtained from the aldermen of New York that they would leave the field unmolested, if Mr. Brush attempted to secure it for permanent improvement, and more than that there was alleged to be some question as to the title to the land. While negotiations were goirg on, the owner of the New York club had it in his mind that he would improve the present field even though it was out of the question to secure it for permanent purposes. At length he was able to extend his lease for a period of some years. When the papers were signed he summoned an architect and told him to go ahead with such improvements as would occupy every available inch of space for the benefit of the spectators and still not mar the playing field. The result of the labor of the architect -was a rather odd effect by which the Polo Ground playing field was surrounded quite com- pletely by a wooden stadium. There is not another ball playing .-:- field in the world like it. Its dimensions are larger than most professional fields, yet it is completely surrounded by terraces of seats. The amount of money which was invested in the improve-

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 47 its ran well over $100,000. Mr. Brush would willingly have ,e forward with ten times that sum had he been able to hold the operty in perpetuity after the improvements had been made. Of .ourse it is understood that he would have taken up the entire tract of real estate had it been possible to do so. The seating capacity of the Polo Ground is much in excess of 30,000 spectators. While the improvements at the Polo Ground were being made, Barney Dreyfuss, owner of the Pittsburg club, announced that he had secured a desirable plot of real estate near Schenley Park in that city and would give Pittsburg a permanent diamond and stands. Improvements were started the moment that the weather per- mitted them to begin. The field had to be graded and the ground prepared for the erection of the buildings. Not a bit daunted by the work to be done, Mr. Dreyfuss announced that the new field would be ready for occupancy in the latter part of June-and it was. The new stand of the Philadelphia American League club had been characterized as a Base Ball palace. That of Mr. Dreyfuss' is another Base Ball palace. It is one of the finest structures for outdoor amusement that has been built in any part of the world. It is all steel and concrete, and most ornate, from an architectural standpoint. With its high towering galleries it provides seats and splendid outlook in every foot of the huge structure. The field is so ample that further enlargement of the stands is possible at any time that the owner sees fit to make it. The grand stand is provided with elevators, electric lights, and conveniences never thought possible in the Base Ball of twenty-five years ago. For years to come it will be one of the sights of the thrifty and enterprising city which now possesses a permanent Base Ball home. The St. Louis American League club, not to be outdone by what was going on in other cities, erected a substantial, commodious and airy stand for the patrons of that city. It is larger than anything which the American League has pos- sessed in St. Louis in the past, and by far more comfortable. It is expected that it will provide better facilities for some seasons in the future and if it proves to be too small the owners will gladly add to its capacity for accommodation. Brooklyn caught the fever and improved the stands which had been built a few years before. Boxes were added and the general arrangements were better adapted by the comfort of Base Ball enthusiasts. Then came the news that the' popular owner of the Chicago American League club, Charles A. Comiskey, had made a costly purchase of real estate in that city and would join with other holders of Base Ball properties in improving accommodations for spectators. The field is bounded by Thirty-fourth Street, Thirty-fifth Street, Wentworth Avenue and Shields Avenue, and covers about 60O0 square feet of ground. The main entrance is to be at the corner- of Thirty-fifth Street and Shields Avenue. There will be twelve ticket booths and twelve ticket takers and it is hoped that thee congestion which has prevailed at the old South Side ground will be wholly done away with in the future. When the stand is completed it will be like others of its type., absolutely fireproof. Steel, concrete and brick will be used through- out. The grand stand will be patterned after the colosseum of Rome. Seating capacity will be provided for 30,000 spectators in both grand stand and bleachers and the grand stand will be double decked.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 49 The home of the White Sox will be one of the ornaments of the American League circuit. i Cleveland comes to the front with another improved plant which will be a beauty. Alterations were begun last year, when the entrance was rebuilt and the moment that the season was com- J pleted in Cleveland last fall, work was begun to provide the Forest City with a structure which will be a rival of others which have been constructed over the American League circuit. As has been the case in other cities, Cleveland's aim will be to provide a permanent plant, which shall not be destroyed by fire and which shall prove ample to accommodate the thousands who will desire to see Base Ball in the future. 'Detroit is to grace the American League circuit with a new stand and field stand. Detroit, like the other cities, will provide a permanent field and substantial structures for the comfort of the immense crowds of Base Ball enthusiasts who are expected to be patrons of the sport in the future. At the ground of the Boston American League club additions were made to the seating capacity of the stands during the sum- mer, and the announcement is published in St. Louis that the real estate on which the National League club plays for the edifica- tion of the St. Louis enthusiasts, has been purchased outright and that new stands and pavilions will soon be erected in St. Louis. Mr. M. Stanley Robison, having made a thorough inspection of all the new fields throughout the country, determined that when he builds in St. Louis it will be one of the show places of the metropolis of Missouri. The minor leagues have been prosperous as well as the majors. One of the features of the season of 1909 was the dedication of Swayne Field in Toledo. The diamond and the general conveni- ences are far better than were to be found on the major league grounds in the old days. The field is one of the attractions of the American Association and the fact that it is a permanent institution has given Toledo a real impetus in its own city, showing that when the population accepts Base Ball as a settled fact its patronage increases rather than decreases. Indianapolis is another city which was favored with a new stand at the beginning of the year. It so far surpasses the old accommodations which were provided at Indianapolis, in the days when the Indianapolis club was a member of the National League circuit, that old timers can scarcely believe their eyes when they go out to the ground and see what has been done to place Base Ball on a comfortable plane for the "fans" of Indiana. Everywhere improvements are projected and it is certain that the limit is far from being reached, for if it is possible at any time to secure permanent quarters for Base Ball in New York, there is not a doubt that a wonderful stand will be built to take care of the thousands of Base Ball enthusiasts who devote their spare moments to the great outdoor sport in the metropolis. But, after all, perhaps one of the most interesting facts In , . connection with the expenditure of this large sum of money to further the interests of the national pastime, is that the prophecy %AK of the oldest adviser in Base Ball should have been so quickly realized. Without the slightest knowledge of what was contem- plated throughout the National and American League circuits Mr. Spalding beheld his prediction confirmed within a few months of the day that he uttered, it. It shows how thoroughly he realizes the hold of Base Ball, properly conducted, on the American public.

President's Day at Chicago 73

ance on their way to the park, and when the Presidential party arrived at the main entrance to the grounds every seat was filled, standing room was at a premium, and the crowd was divided between admiration for the players as they went through their preliminary practice and the expected arrival of the President. Shouts of "Here he comes" greeted the President as he slowly made his way down an aisle of the densely-packed grand stand, and when he appeared in the front of the structure and was visible to the waiting throng, a volume of cheers rolled up, such as Amer- icans bestow when they are excitedly pleased and vigorously dem- onstrative. He walked through the crowd, greeted on every side by cries of welcome, and was escorted to the field, where the players of both teams were quickly assembled and introduced to him, one by one, in person. There was a handshake for every man who was to take part in the game, and for the men on the bench as well, and now and then, as well known players, such as Mathewson, Brown, Tenney, Evers, Devlin or Tinker, was introduced to the head of the nation, a word of congratulation as well. When Chance and McGraw, the famous managers of their equally famous clubs, met the President, he congratulated them briefly on their skill in their calling. *' Anson, hero of battles for years on the diamond, was introduced to the President, who shook him warmly by the hand. He was introduced to August Herrmann, the Chairman of the National I Commission, one of the "chief justices of the supreme court of Base Ball"; to John A. Heydler, President of the National League and also a member of the National Commission, and to others who are famous by their connection with the national game. Mr. Heydler was invited to join the President's party, and was fre-

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 53 quently consulted by the President on plays and decisions of the umpire. Charles WV. Murphy of the Chicago club also joined the President for part of the game. In the first inning of the contest Doyle led off for New York with a two-base hit. Seymour sacrificed and McCormick was safe at first. Murray and Devlin followed for New York with singles and Doyle and McCormick scored. Those were the only runs made by the Giants in the game, but they were enough to win. In the second inning a two-bagger by Tinker and a single by Archer scored the only run made by Chicago in the game. Through the third, fourth, fifth and sixth innings the teams fought gallantly, and in the first half of the "lucky seventh" the Giants failed to make a run. When the last half of the seventh began and the local enthusiasts arose to their feet "for luck," Presi- dent Taft also stood up, and when the crowd saw him on his feet there was a mighty cheer from Ihe "bleacherites," who attested their appreciation of the good efforts of the head of the Nation in behalf of Chicago. Although the inning brought forth only a blank for the home team the crowd did not forget that the President had "joined the fans" and been with them in the hope that the tide of battle might turn. Once during the game Mr. Taft was asked by one of his party: "Mr. President, whom are you for, Chicago or New York?" "I am for Cincinnati," was the quick and unexpected reply, which brought forth a shout of laughter. He gave an anxious look toward the score-board, which showed that Cincinnati had two and Pittsburg two in the seventh inning. A moment later the score- board boy marked up four for Pittsburg in the eighth and two more in the ninth, and the President sadly shook his head amid a roar of laughter, and said that he was dumbfounded. As he left the park at the conclusion of the game the cheers fol- lowed him for miles into the city. It was a great day for Chicago and a great day for Base Ball. "Let me sit with the fans." Truly a historic remark. One that will not be forgotten for years to cone. How aptly it showed the true democracy of the man and the game! Base Ball welcomes all. Be they high in estate or low, they are one when they meet on a common footing to witness a contest for supremacy of a type such as that which professional Base Ball has established throughout the Republic. The "fan" is a great, big, true-hearted, staunch American citizen. Loyal to the core, all that he asks is fair play and true sports- manship, and none knows better than President William H. Taft of the United States, who preferred to be one of them rather than an occupant of a private box, isolated by even so trifling a matter as a mere bit of pine scantling. It was a great tribute to the "fans" as well as to Base Ball, when President Taft saw New York and Chicago play in Chicago on September 16, 1909.

The National League Season of 1909 77

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 5' times without regard to the immediate effect it may have upon their personal interests. Therein lies the strength of the major organization which con- trols our national game in a professional capacity. We have yet to find a club owner who, by the slightest maneuivre, has shown indication that his heart is not in the purpose of winning the pennant, if his team is strong enough to do so, no matter if, by so doing, he leaves his fellow members practically stranded on the shoals which must be cleared before the ship finds smooth water and the flag of victory may be proudly run to the mast-head. In looking over the results of the season of 1909 we cannot say that the rivalry between the clubs was such that excitement was raised to the highest pitch, because one club, then a second and possibly a third, forged to the front, only to lose its position later. Quite the contrary, all that is left by which to describe the race is to state that Pittsburg had its head and shoulders in front all of the time, except in the earliest days of the campaign, while two other clubs of the organization vainly strove above their fellows to bring the leaders nearer to an equality with the other seven members. There was never an opportunity for the Base Ball patrons of f other cities in the National League except Pittsburg to shout exultantly after the end of a week's work: "We have passed them at last," and yet, in the face of this lack of diversity, the championship contest, as a whole, was gloriously patronized. Only one deduction can be drawn from these facts. A Base Ball race can be made interesting, can be made popular, and is not without its fullest side of entertainment, even if one club is in front the larger part of the season. Why such should be the case is equally as apparent. A Base Ball race, in which the people have implicit confidence and which is known to be honor- ably managed, will not lack for appreciation in view of the fact that our public, little by little, and even though the growth be slow, is beginning to recognize the vital principles of the game as a whole and admire more ,than ever its exhibits as an achieve- ment of athletic perfection. Therefore, if a club starts in front, and if it remains in front for a long period, or for all of the period which is given to Base Ball, the proof has been given that there may be steady patronage on the part of those who hope that at some time during the progress of the battle the leaders may be overcome in fair fight. That is what honest sport means. Necessarily one looks toward the championship winners with an eye of interest to try to analyze their strength and to attempt to ascertain why they made such a good showing against the best ball players who could be obtained by seven other club owners to compete against them. Take the Pittsburg team as a whole and it i The must be conceded that what one may call high l Pfttsbau-rg average ability existed in every department. In one or two instances the skill of the player Club was beyond the ordinary. We may cite | j~~ ~ Wagner at shortstop, Clarke in left field, and Gibson as catcher in this respect. Return for a moment to the finish of the campaign of 1908. Three clubs were thickly in the fight all the year. Of these Pitts- burg was one, Chicago a second and New York a third. Recall how the New York team, by losing a game through a violation of

Photos by Conlon and VanOeyen. - A GROUP OF WORLD'S CHAMPIONS, 1909.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 59 a rule as interpreted by the President and Board of Directors of the National League, eventually lost the championship, after play- ing a post-season game with Chicago to obviate a tie. Pittsburg was so little behind both New York and Chicago that when the season was expiring-indeed in the last moments of its existence-there was a possibility of a three-cornered tie in which Pittsburg would have been involved with the other two organi- zations. It will no doubt be remembered by many that Pittsburg, when the 1908 race was over, was frequently alluded to as the club that might have won the championship had it been possessed of a a good first baseman. Hence, it is evident that Pittsburg pos- sessed such inherent strength that, by the simplest course of reasoning, it would not need heroic treatment to prepare it for the season to come. Nor was such heroic treatment attempted. Plans' had been laid before the close of the season of 1908 to obtain a better first baseman for the season of 1909, and thus when the season of 1909 began one of the weaknesses' which had been embarrassing to the club in the year before, had been eliminated so far as could be judged. Granting that degree of improvement to the team for 1909, with whatever improvement may have been effected by securing better pitchers, a move which we expect of every Base Ball nine from season to season from the highest to the lowliest, for the neces- sity of good pitching is a necessity which calls for yearly changes, it is very clear when a careful analysis of the work of the Pitts- burg nine is made, that the good fortune which enrolled the services of Miller, the second baseman for the team in 1909, was fully as much a determining factor for Pittsburg's success in the early part of the season, and toward the close as well, as any- thing which was' done to bolster the general speed of the club by securing a new first baseman. After studying the scores which were made by Pittsburg through- out the year it may well be said that. if Clarke had not so quickly developed the playing strength of Miller and been such a good judge of Base Ball ability as to see his worth at the outset of the year, Pittsburg would have had a much harder time to hold its place in front of the other clubs and might have been striving in a contest which vacillated, as that of 1908. Miller appeared in Pittsburg at a time when the slightest pre- ponderance of added power, providing all the other players in the nine were up to their standard of the previous' year, meant the turning of the balance in Pittsburg's favor. It is by just such increases of playing force that the championship value of a team is enhanced. There have been other instances in the history of professional Base Ball-not few, but many-in which a team was so close to the realization of a championship that the securing of a single man might have turned the battle in its favor, but lo, to find the player was quite another question. Conversely, it is true that there have been instances in which the single player has been found, as in the case of Pittsburg, and with, his discovery has come the realization of many years of sincere endeavor. No matter what view the Base Ball historian may hold as to the strength of the Pittsburg team of 1909, compared with other teams of the past, it cannot be denied that as a team it was a solidly built and compact one. Wagner, of course, is a player of the type who s'eems to come only as new stars are discovered at rare intervals in the skies. but aside from him the Pittsburgs as a whole were made up of

., rnilippe; z, Hans Wagner; 3, Wilson; 4, Leifield: 5, Ahstein. VanOeyen, Photo. A GROUP OF.WORLD'S CHAMPIONS, 1909.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 61 players who could be depended upon to do the correct thing most of the time, if they were unable to do it all of the time. They played good, sound, orthodox Base Ball, with occasional flashes of brilliancy excelled by none. There were times when the outfield work of the nine was far beyond the ordinary, just as ; there were moments when Wagner seemed superhuman and stopped batted balls that one would almost believe out of the range of man's feeble possibilities. fourth timeChicago, three times the winner of the cham- i The pionship inhe e National League, finishing Chicago first in 1906, 1907 and 1908, was the runner- , tag up for,the season of 1909. Club There was reason for the inability of the fourth time in succession. Perhaps the most powerful reason of all-long years in service-which decreases the speed of any Base Ball organization, was what handicapped them in their efforts to land the pennant. We must add to that fact that the team was without the ser- vices all the year of Kling, a wonderfully good catcher, by some considered to be the best in the National League, who had a disagreement with the management and remained at his home in Kansas City. In the early 'part of the season the team was without Evers, a second baseman of more than ordinary skill and a player of good judgment, who was granted a leave of absence that he might recover from the strain of active service on the field. The deprivation at one time of the services of two such excel- lent players of itself would be sufficient to handicap any Base Ball club, and if added to that there may be a trifling diminution in athletic force, as compared with other seasons, it is palpable that the effort to win will be a shade more exacting than it has been in other years. Chicago seemed to be no less strong in fielding than it had been in the past. It was not in the work of defense that the team l appeared less vigorous, but in its run-getting power. There was .- a time when the ability of the Chicago players to score was in r superior ratio to all its other departments of play. It was essen- tially a team of run-getters and made runs by methods which were not only keenly delightful to contemplate, but calling for the highest physical skill. It seemed in 1909, not all the time but on occasions, as if the w-'k of scoring were harder by the exactions which had been put upon the men. It must not be considered, however, that the Chicago club was one whit less eager and determined to win, and to every member of the team the greatest credit must be given for making a thoroughly sportsmanlike and game struggle to secure the cham- pionship in the face of all obstacles. There was no time that the confidence of the leader of the team, Frank Chance, was shaken in the ultimate ability of his players to beat Pittsburg, and until the very last days of the season, when Pittsburg's victory was assured and Chicago's chances became hopeless, not a word was heard from his lips that would indicate that his confidence was abated one iota. Day after day he stood on the field exhorting his players to do their best, handling the delicate machinery of his team with the art of a master, planning his campaign in such a manner as to bring forth the best results from men in whom he had that rare good l

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j/' /SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 63 faith which is the result of experience and association, and taking advantage of every legitimate strategy which is a part of the national game. That he was deeply concerned in winning the championship for L the fourth time in succession-an honor which any Base Ball club in a major league might covet-no one could doubt who had the pleasure of conversing with him in regard to National League Base Ball. He was tireless in his administration as leader of the team,-and while the strain of the effort which goes with a long summer's campaign must have had its effect upon him, no word escaped his lips except that of his own conviction that the club would rise supreme to the task set for it before the year was ended. And so, while Chicago did not win the championship and the right to fly another pennant, it is impossible to withhold from the captain of the team and his players that sincere commendation which their efforts merited. The team was a credit to its league and a credit to its city, as it had been in the past. While there was no member of the organization but deserves praise for the part which each as an individual took in the task of trying to win in the race, it is not unfair to bestow especially on Mordecai Brown, the club's leading pitcher, a few words of esteem for his hard work, willingness, modesty and excellent service in behalf of his club. His loyalty to the organization to which he belongs is one of the finest traits of the professional Base Ball player. Chicago held the lead once. That was very early in the race in April. When it was crowded back by Pittsburg it never suc- ceeded in regaining the lost advantage, although now and then the Chicago players and their enthusiastic friends were confident that the time had come when they would reassert their supremacy. They failed to do so, but they lost no friends, because in their failure they demonstrated their spirit and courage, and those are two attributes which will recommend any organization of sport to the public that so quickly discriminates between real endeavor and pretense. The New York club finished third in the race The in 1909, the position which Pittsburg held at New York the finish of the season of 1908. That the ew York owner and manager of the team, as well as Club the players, would have preferred to do better hardly need be stated. New York began the season under conditions which were per- haps a trifle harder than those which had attached themselves to Pittsburg and Chicago. The Pittsburgs needed a first baseman to round out their team. Chicago needed but to keep all of its old players in line. New York had to make changes of vital impor- tance in order that weak spots might be filled if it were possible to do so. McGraw, the manager of the team, a keen observer of ball players and probably without an equal as a judge of Base Ball values, found at the end of the season of 1908 that if he were to hold his own and a little more than that in 1909 he must increase his run-getting strength. He assumed that to place a better outfield in play in 1909 he would have a better chance to win the championship. To secure the players whom he desired and also to strengthen his pitching force, which he realized would have to be done, he was willing to venture a sacrifice behind the bat, and permitted Bresnahan, one

I, liiiker; 2, Nchulte; 3, Kane; 4, Archer; 5, Overall; 6, Evers. Conlon, Photo. & GROUP OF CHICAGO NATIONALS, 1909.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 65 of the best catchers of the National League, to go to another team to act as manager that he might get a promising outfielder and a pitcher with some known skill and an uncertain tem- pcrament. He tried the experiment, and while, with a mixture of young blood and old, he was able to keep his team up in the race after it had once struck its gait, he was not able to push it to the front as he had in the year previous. All things considered, the New York Base Ball club made a gallant effort to duplicate its success of 1908 and to try to im- prove on it, but between an unfortunate combination of circum- stances at the very outset of the year, and failure to realize as strongly on its batting strength as had been hoped for, it was less successful than in the preceding season. No blow was more vitally disastrous to the club than the illness of the manager at the very outset of the season. Not only was he unable to be present at the opening game, but for some time after it was played he was confined to his home by a severe attack of blood poisoning, the result of an injury to his finger, and was unable to take his place M ith the players. His absence counted severely against the chances' of his team, because it had been his ambition to be with it in the first three weeks, in order that he might guide its affairs after a successful training season in the South. Because of his inability to handle the players in the first fortnight of the year a poor start was made, and before the first month had elapsed the club was wholly on the defensive and losing games which might have been saved with different handling of the players. Another serious blow to the early success of the New York team was an injury received by Mathewson, who was quite seriously hurt when a fellow player threw his bat to one side and acci- dentally struck the pitcher in the chest on the opening day of the season. It is true that Donlin's' refusal to accept the terms of the club deprived it of presumable excellent batting strength, but it is a well-known fact that it was' the ambition of the New York manager to obtain at the outset a start which would inspire confidence in his younger players, and failure to do that. handicapped the team severely before it found itself. The fact that when the players did begin to act in concert and evince some of the team-work which occasionally gained them the highest commendation throughout the circuit of the National League; and that they played such excellent ball at times that they almost looked as if they might overthrow the leaders in the race is the more to their credit, for they gave themselves a long lift from near the foot of the ladder almost to the top. An interesting fact in connection with the work of the New York team for the season is' that it played better Base Ball away from home than it did on its own field. If that is a criterion of courage and grit, as some have stated, New York exhibited its f'll allotment during the year. As was the case in the Chicago club, there was a pitcher in the New York club-Mathewson-who freely and cour- ageously gave his services to the success of the club whenever he could be of assistance to its welfare. In his long term of years in New York he has' established national fame for himself, and his career is one of the finest chapters in Base Ball history. In many respects he never pitched better in his life than in 1909, and strangely enough was twice the victim of injuries on the field, which had not happened to him before during his' many years in Base Ball, and unfortunately enough for the New York

.h; n + a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Y: s: : :+ si ', ' "of : :.' .:.:=i" it:-::' --.-'!.'- i aim :~ir~F.li � ice Eilk -.. --.: .- I... ;R.. :. ice; 2, Zimmerman; 3, Ragon; 4, Moran A GROUP OF CHICAGO NATIONALS.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 67 team on both occasions he was injured when his club needed his services badly. Though New York could not win the championship, it was the opinion of Base Ball writers in many cities that New York was the team which defeated Chicago's pennant aspirations, for the Eastern club encountered Chicago on the grounds of the latter when it was sweeping along with the old dash and success of previous years and routed the champions so severely that they never regained their lost prestige. Clark Griffith made his advent into the The National League for the first time as a man- Clncinnati ager by taking charge of the Cincinnati club. Cicnna~ It was no easy task to pick up the Cincinnati Club club, in view of the failures which had been recorded, and try to bring it out of the rut in which it had traveled for so long. Yet Griffith, with a nine of comparatively young players, suc- ceeded in finishing in the first division and, more than some had been able to do before him, inspired Cincinnati Base Ball en- thusiasts with the notion that perhaps a good manager who was permitted to guide a team at his own discretion was too valuable to be criticised. There was a great deal of uncertainty about the Cincinnati team when Griffith took hold of it. Many of the players were barely out of their minor league knickerbockers. Some of them were headstrong and over-assertive. His pitching strength was a problem, and he had but one catcher, McLean, upon whom he could rely, and was unfortunate enough to have that catcher injured before the season was over. From the material that he had he practically constructed a new infield. He changed the outfield and he coached his pitchers until, if not of the same state of efficiency as those of some of the stronger clubs of the league, they were far more competent than when they first reported to Cincinnati. He did not promise that he would bring Cincinnati through in the first division, but he did. More than that, for a greater part of the season he had the team in the first division, which is by no means a bad showing-in fact, a very excellent showing when all the conditions of his advent into the National League in 1909 are considered. Not only did he begin the Base Ball year with players who were new to him, but he was expected to make a campaign against clubs and leaders of clubs who were strangers to him, on account of the time which had elapsed from his shift into the American League from the National League. No acute perception is needed to classify ThIe the Philadelphia club in the class of disap- Prhiladelphia pointing possibilities. No team in the National l" PhilaCplb League more thoroughly discouraged its owners Club and supporters by the showing which it made in the race. Before the championship season began not a few predicted that the Philadelphias would be championship contenders. After the season had progressed but long enough to observe the actions of the men on the field opinions were freely expressed that the Philadelphias were the same team of old, not one whit improved

-, rev as u, , inuiman; o, Brown; 4, Steinfeldt; 5, Kroh. A GROUP OF CHICAGO NATIONALS. 1909.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 69 by experience or by the admonitions of those who were vitally interested in their welfare. What they might have been no one knows, but it seems within the bounds of reason that their general caliber individually was too great to have produced such a sorry campaign. Brooklyn was not a success nor was it The wholly a team which gave satisfaction in its * Brooklyn general scheme of play. Individually there was -strength to the organization. Certainly Club there were players who were coveted by other managers, and are still coveted by them, but as a team there was little in Brooklyn to commend. Lack of managerial force very likely had something to do with the lackadaisical efforts of the players. It was the first year in which Harry Lumley had essayed to act as manager He was not keenly anxious to assume the position, but it was tendered to him by the owners of the club in such a way that he felt it his duty to accept it and try to do the best that he could. The progress of the months developed the fact that Lumley. with his lack of experience as manager, was also devoid of the magnetic and aggressive personality which is essential in a leader of men. It was not necessary that he should be pugnacious or stubborn in his methods of discipline and generalship, but Brook- lyn needed a man of action to awaken the players from their lethargy. For two or three seasons the team had been sleeping when it should have been wide awake, and Lumley was hardly of the type to ring the alarm clock loudly enough to arouse the sleepers from their drowsiness. There were many times throughout the season when Brooklyn, as a team of individuals, gave indications of real Base Ball ability, and there were other times, altogether too frequent, when a lack of strategy on the part of the team handicapped the players to the extent that they lost games which they should easily have won. St. Louis experienced a real awakening The when Roger Bresnahan took hold of the teama StC. �Louis as manager. The disposition of the playing St. LO UIS executive of the team was quite spirited Club enough to give the organization a real stirring up from top to bottom. That was largely what St. Louis needed. Under former managers the club had gone along with some good and some moderately good players, and had never quite realized the expectations of the owner and probably of the manager. To obtain the services of Bresnahan it was necessary for the St. Louis management to part with valuable material, yet the new manager, nothing daunted by the changes which had been made, rallied his forces, inspired them with some of his own energy, and started on a campaign which, for a time, swept the city. Later in the season his team lagged. Then the vials of criticism were uncorked and their contents were strewn over the manager. That was hardly fair, in view of the fact that the St. Louis team, like any organization which was' largely experimental and like all teams of young players who start with a rush, simply reverted to its own speed as the climax came in the race.

-_, - - -, - , .,- ., , , o, Lv , , ule , :lur ray; 5, Wiltse. ConloP Photo. A GROUP OF NEW YORK NATIONALS, 1909.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 71 Had St. Louis possessed the right proportion of seasoned players and not been compelled in the exigencies of the campaign to try out new material for a succeeding season before the present was concluded, it is probable that the nine would have finished better and would have made a more creditable general showing than it did. One quality of the club must not be overlooked. It was one of its best traits and one of the grandest attributes in Base Ball- the players were always working with might and main to win. Even when the score was against them, and they were contending against teams which were essentially stronger, the St. Louis players would not give up, trusting that some change in the game-and changes come with the swiftness of the lightning in Base Ball-might give them the opportunity which they needed to defeat their rivals. The Boston team was a victim of a succes- The sion of deplorable circumstances. The wisdom Boston of the owner's selection as manager was a B aoston questionable quantity before the year had Club barely started. The break which arose between the manager and the players became so serious that it was deemed advisable to permit the manager to relinquish his task. Prior to this, however, the owner of the club, George B. Dovey, a splendid character in Base Ball, expired while traveling between Pittsburg and Cincinnati. This sad calamity of itself would be enough to upset the strongest team, and with other afflictions which Boston was compelled to bear it is probably no wonder that the club finished last in the race. A new manager was appointed and the affairs of the club were conducted by the brother of the former owner. Another blow to the success of the team was the gradual retrogression of some of the older players, whose ability decreased so materially that before the year was over it was felt necessary to permit them to go elsewhere. In the early part of the year the team made an exceptional showing for a matter of a few days. . It was quite freely asserted at that time that the players seemed to be going a little beyond their speed, and when they began to feel the severity of the Base Ball battle as the weather grew warmer and the nines with marked skill played more up to their own speed, Boston fell back, and it was then that a lack of managerial diplomacy assisted in the downfall of the organization. The manager hastened the poor work of his players by sharp criticism rather than encouraging them by words of kindly advice.

- -mur- vr BE;W IUKtK NATIONALS. 1909. -I

The National League Championship Campaign of 1909 95

VV L' II- IV -- r LrVlV SA.LNi luuu.3

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 77 were in third place on May 31. Beginning from then until the end of the year the New York players were mostly in third place. Occasionally they dropped back to fourth, and now and then had an interesting running fight with the Cincinnati team for prefer- ment in third place, but the New York team was so much stronger than that of Cincinnati that it was expected the Eastern players would ultimately secure the higher position, and they did. The battle through May and June was largely a continuation of that which had preceded. There was nothing sensational to it. nothing extraordinary, but as a rule hard fought Base Ball in which the club in the lead was compelled to put its best efforts to the front every afternoon. At the middle of the season, July 1, the places in the race were filled as follows: Pittsburg, Chicago, New York, Cincinnati, Phila- delphia, Brooklyn, St. Louis and Boston. Strangely prophetic! It was the exact order in which the teams completed the race in October. How many were there who, when they perused the standing of the National League clubs on the morning of July 1, three days before the Fourth of July, realized that they were looking upon the standing of the National League race as it would be recorded when bats had been laid aside in the major leagues and the minors, and all attention was being devoted to the winning of the World's Championship? It was remarkable in a way that the mid-season standing and the final standing should be identical to a place. Base Ball races may be run for a hundred years to come, and even more, and such a coincidence never result again. While the Chicagos were making their early trip to the East it was ascertained that the shoulder of Frank Chance, their first baseman and manager, had been broken. This compelled his with- drawal from the field 'for a time and undoubtedly affected the chances of the team. When it comes to a question of injuries, all teams which are strictly pennant contenders may be said to suffer alike, and what- ever handicap may have been placed on Chicago by the injury to Chance was offset, so far as New York was concerned, by the injuries to McGraw, Mathewson, Doyle and Seymour. Any important club which has a player of reputation hurt so that he is compelled to withdraw from the game, is handicapped to the extent that he is of value to his team. It must not be taken for granted that because Pittsburg assumed an early lead in the race it was never in danger of losing its place. Quite the reverse. There were times when both Chicago and New York threatened Pittsburg, and seriously, too. Pittsburg's strength, however, presented such an unyielding front that it won when it was hardest pressed and occasionally crept away from its bitterest rivals, so that it possessed a little reserve upon which to call when the reserve was needed. With the season approaching the midway Pittsburg effected a trade with St. Louis by which Barbeau, who had been playing third base for the Pittsburg team, was exchanged to the St. Louis club for Byrne and Storke. At the time that the exchange was made it was doubted by some of the Pittsburg theorists as to whether Clarke had made a good move. Subsequent events' proved the correctness of his judg- ment, for if Byrne was no more effective than Barbeau, it is certain that his experience made him a more valuable man for the Pittsburg club, in view of the fact that Pittsburg had come to be an accepted championship factor, and was being looked forward to as a possible contender for the World's Championship. This after- ward resulted.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 81 been remarkable and frequent fluctuations' in standing all the year. It is by no means difficult to perceive that the three teams which finished in the first three places were the three strongest teams of the organization. Had Pittsburg been less strong or less per- sistent the race would have been increased in excitement, as there was variation in standing on the part of the clubs which com- posed it. As a matter of fact it was: a three-club race from the start barring the fact that the New York team did not start as well as had been expected. Had the New York players been working as effectively in the early part of the year as they were in the latter part, and had Reulbach, the Chicago pitcher, acquired com- mand of the ball in the early part of the season instead of in the middle of the season, it is probable there would have ben a con- test between Pittsburg, New York and Chicago, with the other five clubs playing their parts as best they could against the con- tenders, which would have been even more thrilling than that of 1908. A prominent manager of the National League said at the close of the season that New York was playing better than Pittsburg, but too late to be of any advantage to New York, however much it might be of advantage to Pittsburg, because New York, strong as it was then, was an obstacle which Chicago could not overcome. Such was the case. Every championship race is fraught with "might have beens." These in no way detract from the honor which should be bestowed upon the winner. Pittsburg, with its close fight for the championship in 1908, was groomed to the minute for the contest for 1909. Its weak spots had been strengthened. its leader guided its policy dis- creetly, never trusting too long to pitchers whom he feared might weaken in view of the fact that he possessed a team of batters who could make runs. It was not a victim of serious accidents and it rounded up the league race with practically the same quality of Base Ball as that which it had played from May 5. If there is one quality more than another which should be ascribed to Pittsburg for its work in 1909, I should say "con- sistency"-and consistency is a jewel. NATIONAL LEAGUE SEMI-MONTHLY STANDING. PERCENTAGE STANDING APRIL 30. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Chicago ............... 8 5 .615 Pittsburg ............. 6 6 .500 Boston ....... .. 6 4 .600 New York ............ 4 6 .400 Philadelphia . ........ 6 4 .6004 6 .400 Cincinnati ......... 8 7 533 St. Louis ............. 5 9 .357 PERCENTAGE STANDING MAY 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 16 9 .640 Boston ................. 11 12 .478 Chicago ............... 15 12 .556 Brooklyn .............. 11 12 .478 Philadelphia .......... 12- 10 .543 New York ............ 9 13 .409 Cincinnati ............ 14 14 .500 St. Louis ............. 11 17 .393 PERCENTAGE STANDING MAY 31. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ........... ..26 12 .684 Cincinnati ............ 19 21 .475 Chicago ............... 24 16 .600 Brooklyn ............. 16 18 .471 New York ............ 17 17 .500 St. Louis .............. 17 33 .425 , , ^ - Philadelphia ......... 17 17 .500 Boston ................ 12 24 .333

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i, uooin (capt., 1910) 2, Knabe; 3, Coveleskie; 4, Moore. Richter, Photo. A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA NATIONALS, 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 83 PERCENTAGE STANDING JUNE 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 35 12 .745 Philadelphia .......... 21 23 .427 Chicago ............... 31 18 .633 St. Louis 19 30 .388 Cincinnati ............ 27 23 .540 Brooklyn ..............17 19 .378 New York ............ 23 20 .535 Boston .... ............. 13 31 .295 PERCENTAGE STANDING JUNE 30. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 14 15 .746 Philadelphia .......... 27 31 .466 Chicago ............... 38 22 .633 St. Louis ............. 24 35 .407 New York ............ 33 23 .589 Brooklyn ........... 21 38 .356 Cincinnati ........... 32 29 .525 Boston .. .............. 16 42 .276 PERCENTAGE STANDING JULY 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 55 21 .724 Philadelphia ......... 33 42 .440 Chicago ............... 48 26 .649 St. Louis ............. 30 43 411 New York ............ 44 28 .611 Brooklyn .............. 27 49 355 Cincinnati ............ 40 37 .519 Boston ................ 22 53 .293 PERCENTAGE STANDING JULY 31. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 64 25 .719 Philadelphia .......... 40 48 .455 Chicago ...............57 30 .655 St. Louis ............. 37 49 .430 New York ............51 35 .593 Brooklyn ............. 32 56 .364 Cincinnati ............ 45 44 .506 Boston ................ 25 . 64 .281 PERCENTAGE STANDING AUGUST 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 73 29 .716 Philadelphia .......... 47 55 .461 li Chicago ............... 68 35 .660 St. Louis ............. 43 57 .430 New York ........... 61 38 .616 Brooklyn .............. 37 65 .363 Cincinnati ............ 53 50 .515 Boston ................ 26 79 .248 PERCENTAGE STANDING AUGUST 31. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 86 32 .729 Philadelphia .......... 56 61 .479 Chicago ............... 79 38 .675 St. Louis ............. 45 72 .385 / New York ............ 69 46 .600 Brooklyn ............. 41 76 .350 Cincinnati ............ 59 56 .513 Boston ................ 32 86 .271 PERCENTAGE STANDING SEPTEMBER 15. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 96 36 .727 Philadelphia .......... 65 70 .481 Chicago ............... 91 42 .684 St. Louis ............. 47 83 .362 New York ............ 77 50 .597 Brooklyn .............. 47 85 .356 Cincinnati ............ 66 66 .500 Boston ....... 38 93 .290 PERCENTAGE STANDING SEPTEMBER 30. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 107 40 .728 Philadelphia ......... 70 76 .479 Chicago ............... 99 47 .678 St. Louis ............. 51 93 .354 New York ............ 89 57 .640 Brooklyn .............. 51 94 .352 Cincinnati ............ 75 72 .510 Boston ................ 41 104 .283 0 . J CHAMPIONSHIP PERCENTAGE STANDING. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Pittsburg ............. 110 42 .724 Philadelphia .......... 74 79 .484 Chicago ............... 104 49 .680 Brooklyn ............. 55 98 .350 . New York ............ 92 61 .601 St. Louis ............. 54 98 .355 Cincinnati ............ 77 76 .504 Boston ................ 45 108 .294

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American League Season of 1909 107

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S, OcUnmuL; h, viull1n; 6, V'Leary; 4, Cobb; 5, Beckendorf. Conion, Photo. A GROUP OF DETROIT PLAYERS, 1909.

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K SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 89 surely is a tight finish to a six months' race. It would be consid- ered featureable in itself, except for its predecessors and the appe- tite for hot food which they had created among the devotees of Base Ball. As it was, the season was something of an anti-climax, and in that respect its increased attendance total was notable. The pennant race of 1909 was not as open as the others have been, in that only two, and possibly three, of the teams could be counted as championship probabilities after the contestants had straightened out for the long grind. Previous to the season's open- ing the four Western clubs, which Lad furnished the sensations of the year before, were counted on to repeat. Only Detroit was able to do so, for Cleveland, St. Louis and the White Sox turned out disappointments. Philadelphia and Boston of the Eastern clubs supplied happy surprises to their owners and rooters by making it warm for Detroit all the way. The New York team, under new management, was a contender for a short time and then dropped back. Unlike previous years', Detroit was the leader for practically the whole season, taking the front seat right at the start and relinquishing it only three times for brief periods during the battle. Ten days after the start New York pushed the champions out of the lead for a couple of days only. After the middle of May Phila- delphia crowded into the top notch for a single day, and again, later in the season, the Athletics gave the Wolverines their first real occasion to worry. This was in the middle of August, when Philadelphia won its, way into the lead and stuck there for more than a week. All the rest of the time the champions under Jennings' were making the pace for themselves, and the best 'their competi- tors could do was to push them and keep on hoping until hope was snuffed out. In the winning of his third straight pennant for Detroit Manager Jennings made a radical departure from the usual managerial policy in handling champion teams. It has been the practice and consid- ered the part of wisdom to retain the men who made up a champion combination as long as possible, for the reason that team-work and combination play bear so high a value in major league Base Ball. It was thought that individual retrogression could be offset by a player's value to the machine of which he had become an essential part. Jennings discarded this; theory and furnished the public with the spectacle of a three-time champion team in which three men on the infield were new to it and a fourth had played only a few games in the previous championship race. It was a radical move to insert an entirely new infield into a team which already had delivered the goods twice, but Jennings did it and came out victor. Of the Tigers who played the World's Series string to a bitter finish last October only one of the infielders was a member of the 1908 team and he never had taken part in a World's Series. Owen Bush, the brilliant young shortstop, had helped win the 1908 cham- pionship, but was not with the club long enough to make himself eligible to the big contest of that year. In the other positions, George Moriarity replaced Coughlin at third, Jim Delehanty had Schaefer's place at second and Tom Jones was' on first instead of Rossman. It was this new infield that made Detroit's success easier than in previous seasons', for the rest of Jennings' team was retained almost intact, except for the addition of Stanage to the catching staff. Some of the greater smoothness in Detroit's pathway no doubt was due to deterioration in the ranks of its competitors. But noth- ing can take away from the Tiger leader and his constituency the possession of three consecutive championships, within one of the world's record, and the honor of having won them fairly and squarely in the squarest of square sports. All that could have

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regards the players who have won honors for them. Rival teams. begin to replace worn-out material with new, and keep on building up until the young blood triumphs over the old. This compels the- discarding of another squad of veterans and the ceaseless search for new stars. While these are being discovered and developed the youngsters of yesterday, or last year, are growing older and they in turn will be retained in harness, as a rule, until some team of younger players shoots into the highest position. The American League of last season furnishes an illustration of that fact in striking manner. The Athletics, who proved the most serious contenders for Detroit's honors, were made up largely of young players who had their spurs to win. They were not seriously considered as first division material outside their own city, and even inside it, only by those who imbibed some of Manager Mack's. own confidence in his "comers." The Boston team was another, although.less successful, demonstration of the value and necessity of young blood when the old 'grows thin. President Taylor took: a radical step in discarding the last remnants of the team which won the World's Championship for Boston only six years before and which repeated in 1904 with another league pennant. He presented the patrons of the Hub with an aggregation of young men whose agility soon won them the title of "Speed Boys," which fitted so well that it stuck. Ultimate events indicated that the Boston club owner had overplayed the young blood a trifle by com- parison with the Athletics. Boston's team contained no veterans and only a few seasoned players, while Philadelphia's was better balanced and steadied in the tight places by such veterans as Harry Davis on the infield and Dan Murphy in the outfield and by its staff of experienced pitchers. The Mack men made a gallant fight to beat out Detroit, and up to within a week of the finish were conceded an excellent chance to do so. A month from the finish they were the favorites, for it then was thought the Tigers were breaking down under the stiff pressure and going stale after so many seasons of high tension. Philadelphia's best opportunity lay in the fact that it finished the season at home while the Tigers were on the road, and apparently the Athletics were rising to their opportunity when they met Detroit in the final series of the season between those clubs and r ' ...won three out of four games, cutting a large slice out of Detroit's small lead. But that effort apparently exhausted the Athletics, for

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 93 they fell victims to teams of lesser strength in the following crucial days of the race and were actually put out of it by the Chicago White Sox, who won both games of a double-header in Philadelphia on September 30, thereby deciding beyond dispute four positions which had been in doubt up to that minute. These were first, second, fourth and fifth places. Undoubtedly the spiking of Baker and Barry, two of Manager Mack's fast infielders, was responsible for the failure to land the pennant for the loss of these men at different times unsettled the team more than it would one composed more extensively of veterans of harder nerves. The Boston team was a greater surprise than Philadelphia's to the outsiders, and its finish was higher than any one awarded it. With a better pitching staff, the Speed Boys would have proved even more dangerous than they were. Lack of steadiness in that department contributed to unsettling the team itself, and its performances were radically inconsistent at times. The White Stockings were one of the year's lesser disappoint- ments. A portion of the disappointment was removed by the fact that Comiskey's men eventually finished in fourth place, which was several points higher than it was tnought at one time they would land. The loss of Fielder Jones as manager proved severe, and in addition to the hole he left in the outfield. which was never entirely filled, placed a handicap on the team, which transformed it from a dreaded contender for the championship into an outsider, rele- gated to the second division for a long period of time. Jones' man- agerial mantle was placed on the shoulders of W. J. Sullivan, the club's mainstay for years behind the bat, but this was not decided until President Comiskey had clung to the belief his former man- ager would not really retire from the game until it was almost time to start the season of 1909. As invariably has happened in the past, the cares of management interfered with Sullivan's ability as a catcher and thereby further weakened the team. Jones' playing mantle fell to the lot of several and none was found who could come anywhere near wearing it gracefully except Fred Parent, nee shortstop, but a willing performer in the outfield. where he was becoming a bright light when an accident to Purtell knocked out that promising young player and the infield as well. It was necessary to recall Parent to the position of shortstop and leave a yawning hole in the outfield again. Right field never was settled to the satisfaction of President Comiskey. In consequence, the former dreaded foe became almost a despised one for a time, and it was not until tne season was half over that it began to show its old-time fighting spirit. Then it recovered enough ground to finish in an honorable position and to demonstrate once more the absolute honesty of Base Ball by knocking Philadelphia out of its last chance to win the pennant, although practically every player on the team would have preferred personally to see the Athletics win out over Detroit. Another handicap to the Sox was the failure of Walsh to report in condition to pitch up to his previous standard, his efforts to pitch before he was in good physical trim and the consequent injury to his arm, which placed the mainstay of the team in slab- work on the hospital list for a considerable part of the year. A greater disappointment than the White Sox, however, was the Cleveland team, which came as close as Chicago did to winning the pennant in 1908, and was considered the real contender with Detroit before the start. Many little things contributed to the downfall of Cleveland rather than any one or any series of mishaps. The same combination that was feared all the way through the previous year, strengthened decidedly in the pitching department by the addition of Cy Young. found itself unable to win games on the diamond as consistently as it had been doing. The reason was

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1, Ganley; 2, Livingston; 3, Morgan; 4, Davis. Richter, Photo. A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA ATHLETICS. 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 95 hard to discover, and repeated failures resulted in the resignation of Manager Lajoie and the choice of Jim McGuire, the veteran catcher, former manager of Boston, to the position. St. Louis was another surprise of the wrong kind to suit its constituents. The players who had been pennant contenders the year before were turned into second division timber early and never recovered. The complete breakdown of his pitching staff was' chiefly responsible for Manager McAleer's troubles. Howell lost his effect- iveness and so did Dineen, who finally gave up and turned umpire in a desperate effort to get square with Base Ball for trying to quit him. Waddell was' more unreliable than ever, and the sickness L of Wallace, mainstay of the infield, contributed heavily to the dis- organization of the Browns. New York's team was another of those composed of youngsters of whom not a great deal was anticipated outside of Gotham, and the fight which the team made under Manager Stallings was better than expected. Disappointments' in the pitching staff and the sick- ness of Hal Chase, star first baseman, were large factors in the A4 failure of the team to finish higher than it did. Washington's case was hopeless' from the start, and the expectation that with its good pitchers the team would be able to pull out of last place never - was realized. Only the two leading teams and New York went through the year without changing managers, either during the season or at its conclusion. The Boston team will be handled this season by P. J. Donovan, the former Brooklyn manager, instead of by Fred Lake, who succeeded McGuire as manager of the Red Sox late in 1908. William J. Sullivan gladly resigned the management of the White Sox at the end of the year, and President Comiskey found as his successor Hugh Duffy,- once star of Boston's outfield and recently part owner and manager of the Providence Eastern League team. St. Louis' parted with James McAleer at his own request and nom- inated Jack O'Connor, long time catcher and scout for the Browns, in his stead, and McAleer himself found a berth with the Wash- ington club, vice Joseph Cantillon, who had struggled with that managerial task for three years without perf orming a miracle. The Cleveland club swapped managers in mid-season, as already told. { In the early scramble of April, at the opening of the season, Detroit easily gained a lead through the fine start it obtained against the Chicago White Sox. At the end of a week the Tigers had lost only one game out of the five played. New York then was in r t second place, with Boston third and Cleveland fourth. St. Louis, Philadelphia (destined to become chief contender), Washington and Chicago were in the second division, the White Sox being absolutely last. Ten days after the opening New York gained the lead and held it for forty-eight hours, then dropped back, giving the Tigers first place again. By the end of April the champions were a good first, New York and Boston were in a tie for second honors and the White Sox had recovered from their wretched start sufficiently to regain a first division berth temporarily. The work done by the teams during April is shown by the following standing of April 30: ', Won. Lost. PC. Won. Lost. PC. ' Detroit ............. 10 3 .769 Philadelphia ....... 5 5 .500 New York .......... 7 5 .583 St. Louis ............ 4 8 .333 Bo, ton .............. 7 5 .583 Cleveland ........:.. 4 8 .333 Chicago ............. 6 5 .545 Washington ........ 3 7 .300 l . The month of May saw the first indication of the latent strength 4+J of the Philadelphia team, for Manager Mack's youngsters made the best showing of the entire league during that period. The showing 'i

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* � ouu. JoUZL. .-~. d aV!. at.,o,. vx. Chicago ............. 21 13 .618 Ecston .............. 1 15 .559 Philadelphia ....... 20 13 .606 Cleveland ........... 17 15 .531 Detroit .............. 17 13 .567 New York ......... 14 19 .424 St. Louis ............ 17 13 .567 Washington ........5 29 .147 Boston made its strongest bid for pennant honors in August, and the Athletics also traveled faster than did the Detroit cham- pions. The result was considerable congestion in the neighborhood of first place, and at one time in the middle of the month not only were the Athletics ensconced in the lead, but Boston also passed the champions for a single day only. reducing Detroit for that short period to third in the ranks. That, by the way, was the only time during the race that the Tigers were lower than second place, and this month saw them displaced from the lead longer than at any other time. Gradually gaining, in spite of Detroit's steady clip, the Athletics attained first place on August 14, at

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 101 which time Boston was a close third. On the following day the Tigers and Athletics were tied for the lead and Boston still closer up. On August lb Philadelphia regained first place and remained in undisputed possession of that honor until August 24, when the Tigers again forced a tie for the leadership. In the interval the Tigers were crowded back to third place by Boston on August 18, but recovered quickly. On August 25 the champions once more fought themselves into the van, never to be headed again, although the Athletics were far from beaten off. While this interesting argument was going on among the leaders the other five teams were losing ground more or less. Chicago made the better showing of the five down-and-outers by winning thirteen and losing fourteen games for the month. This cost the White Sox a chance to stick to fourth place, out of which they crowded Cleveland once or twice. The Ohioans made a fairly creditable record for the month, but New York and St. Louis con- tinued to lose ground, while Washington did almost as poorly as during the preceding month. The Senators were able to take only seven games out of twenty-seven in August. The situation wnen the homestretch was reached was interesting. The Tigers had a fair grip on the lead and Philadelphia was a fighting sec- ond, with Boston dropping off slowly. Cleveland and Chicago were in a tussle for fourth place, while New York and St. Louis appeared anchored, and Washington not only appeared to be, but was hopelessly snagged. The work of the several teams during the month of August is shown by the following table: Won. Lost. PC. Won. Lost. PC. Boston .............. 19 7 .731 Cleveland ........... 13 17 .433 Philadelphia ....... 18 9 .667 New York .......... 11 16 .407 Detroit ............. 17 9 .654 St. Louis ........... 10 16 .385 Chicago ............. 13 14 .481 �Washington ........ 7 20 .259 With the wire in sight the contending teams let themselves out, while the spectators settled down to root for a gruelling finish. In the first fortnight of September, with Western teams against Western and Eastern teams against Eastern, the Tigers and Ath- letics ran along fairly even in first and second places. The last half of the month brought the supreme test, and in that Jennings' veteran campaigners were not found wanting. When Detroit started East for the final trip it had a lead of four games, with its only dangerous rivals defending their home citadel. Tigers and Athletics were first to meet in this struggle, and the Athletics raised high the hopes of all Quakerdom by tak- ing three out of four games from the champions. This reduced their lead to two games and gave the Athletics a grand look-in for a winning spurt. Apparently Mack's men had little left after their winning set-to with the leaders, while their trimming in Philadelphia merely served to spur the Tigers to greater effort. They strode through the rest of that Eastern trip with unbeaten spirit and won so many games from Washington, New York and Boston that the Athletics could not gain ground. There still was a chance left, however, when the White Sox went to the Quaker city and put the Mack men down and out absolutely. Not until the last day of September was the race actually settled. On that day, by winning two games from the Athletics, Comiskey's war- riors decided the struggle in Detroit's favor and also cinched fourth place for themselves, after being pushed pretty hotly by the rejuve- nated Highlanders. The New Yorkers made a strong showing in the month of September, winning seventeen games' to ten defeats. This record was surpassed only by the two leading teams, which had more to fight for. It was this spurt by Stallings' men that

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lent the color of credence to the 'charges that the New York club was operating a s ign .1'-tip~ping bureau, charges which never were produced bef ore the league directors, who gave Stallings' men a a;clean bill -of health at the annual meeting of the league. �iBoston's Speed Boys lost much of their speed in this finish, and barely won the majority of their games during the month of September. They were surpassed by the White Sox, who captured seventeen victories out of thirty battles, and thereby held down the last place in the honor division in spite of New York's stirring ;ibrace. The Cleveland club slumped frightfully and came near losing7 more games than the W~ashington club did in this month; in fact, the Senators actually won as many games as did the men from Ohio. St. Louis did only a little better, all three of the trailing- teams being sadly disorganized. The last day of September, with all places nailed down, found the order of the teams to be De- -1troit, Philadelphiaz, Boston, Chicago , N ew York, C'leveland, St. rLouis and W~ashington. That was the way they finished four days later. The record of games won and lost during the crucial month of September is appended: Won. Lost. PC. W~on. Lost. PC. Detroit .............. 20 10 .667 Boston ........13 12 .520, Philadelphia........�. 19 10 .655 St. Louis . .....10 18 .357 N ew York ......17 10 .630 Cleveland ......8 19 .29G Cbicago ............. 17 13 .567 Washington ..... 8 20 .286. There was a dearth of sensational performances in the ~Nnierican League compared with previous seasons. Not one of the pitchems succeeded in holding an opposing team to a no-hit game, although seven of them came within one of it. In 1908 there were f our no-hit: games pitched in the yolunger league alone. The pitchers. who h'ad one-hit games tthicrdtlast season were Mullin of Detroit against: Chicago, Coombs of Philadelphia against Boston, Joss of Cleveland against Philadelphia, Walsh of Chicago against. Cleveland, Bumns of Chicago against W7ashington, Gray of Wash- ington against Chica~go, and Brockett of New York against Wash- ington. rud n e The longest extra inning-game lasted eighteen rud n e sultod in a runless draw between Detroit and W~ashington. There were 145 games in which a pitcher shut out the opposing team without a run, and the unusual number of thirteen battles resulted in tie scores. Boo aete ig atn re~cord of the season, with twenty-one hits off Doyle an'd Chesbro, of New York, and the- largest number of runs made in one game was seventeen. New York did this against Washington and Detroit against New York.

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World's Championship Series of 1909 127

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d-- 16--uu A. X un xA IN, iAIN ', WU()LD'S CHAMPION- SHIP SERIES, 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 109 D. Jones had singled and Bush had walked. Cobb came up, and he and Adams see-sawed until it was three and two. The deciding pitch was over and Cobb met it squarely. The ball went to deep center. Leach started out with it, turned as he got under it after a long run, made a leap and pulled it down. By inches only, on a grand sprint and fine judgment, he stole a probable home run that would have made honors even and might have paved the way to a changed result. Detroit, however, missed its real chance at the start. Adams was wild, but the Tigers were over-eager to hit. D. Jones got a base on balls without a strike being pitched. Bush bunted at the first ball for a sacrifice. Cobb waited and walked on five pitched balls. Then Crawford bounded to Adams, who forced Jones at third. Delehanty singled to left, Cobb scoring, the other pair ad- vancing a base each on the throw to the plate. Moriarty's grounder toward short hit Dele1hanty. This and the seventh were Detroit's only real chances. The Pirates were put into a tie by Manager Clarke in the fourth, when he hit into a temporary stand in deep right field for four bases. Pitisburg went ahead in the fifth. Delehanty let Abstein's roller go past him, and the runner went to third before the ball was retrieved. Wilson struck out. but Gibson doubled, scoring the run. Adams hit to Bush, who fumbled, placing men at third and first. Byrne was hit, filling the bases. Leach flied to D. Jones, scoring Gibson. Clarke grounded to Delehanty. Wagner scored the other run in the sixth on his own double, Schmidt's bad throw to get him napping, on which he took third, and a grounder in front of the plate by Abstein, which Schmidt could only play to first base. This game was decided by Pittsburg's superior fielding and Adams' good work after the opening inning. It was marked by few feature plays. Only D. Jones of Detroit got more than one hit. The official score: DETROIT. PITTSBURG. AB.R.H.P.A.E. AB.R.H.P.A.E. D. Jones, 1. f ........ 3 0 2 5 0 0 Byrne, 3b. . . 3 0 0 2 3 0 Bush, ss. ........... 2 0 0 1 0 1 Leach, c. f ........... 3 0 0 4 0 0 Col'b, r. f ............ 3 1 0 2 0 1 Clarke, 1. f ........... 4 1i 1 2 0 0 Crawford, c. f....... 4 0 1 1 0 0 Wagner, ss. ......... 3 1 1 0 6 0 Delehanty, 2b . 4 0 1 0 4 1 i iller, 2b. ........... 4 0 1 6 0 0 ' Moriarty, 3b ......... 4 0 1 0 1 0 Abstein, lb .......... 3 1 0 8 1 0 T. Jones, lb......... 3 0 0 10 0 0 W ilson, r. f.......... 3 0 1 0 0 0 ' Scbmidt, c .........3 0 0 5 1 1 Gibson, c ............ 3 1 1 4 0 0 Mullin, p ............ 4 1 0 4 0 Adams, p ...........3 0 0 0 2 0 i *McIntyre ...........1 0 0 0 0 0 Totals .............31 1 62410 4 Totals .............29 4 5t26 12 0 * McIntyre batted for T. Jones in ninth inning. ? Delehanty out, hit by batted ball in first inning. Detroit . .............................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 Pittsburg . ........................... 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 x-4 Left on bases-Detroit 8, Pittsburg 5. Stolen bases-Cobb, Miller, Wilson. Torso base hits-Wagner, Gibson. Home run-Clarke. Sacrifice hit-Cobb. Sacrifice fly-Leach. Struck out-By Mullin, Byrne, Leach, Abstein, Wilson. By Adams, Delehanty, Mullin. Bases on balls-Off Mullin, Abstein. Off Adams, D. Jones, Bush, Cobb, Schmidt. Passed balls- Schmidt 1. Fumbles-Delehanty, Cobb, Bush. Wild throw-Schmidt. Hit by pitched ball-By Mullin, Byrne and Wagner. Umpires-Johnstone and O'Loughlin. Weather-Warm. Time-1.55. Attendance-29,577. Scorers- Richter and Flanner.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 111 Intimation that Pittsburg was going to SECOND GAME be forced to depend largely on one pitcher At Pittsburg, October 9 in the series' was given in the second game, At Pittsburg, when Camnitz was driven to the bench be- Detroit 7, Pittsburg 2 fore three innings were gone, and Detroit won, 7 to 2, after being two runs to the rearward at the end of the first inning. Donovan, who pitched for the Tigers, was the winner's star performer in the defensive way. Like Adams on the day preceding, he started badly. But he settled down and became strong after the first inning. 'In six of the nine innings Pittsburg got its first batter to first base, but, as the score indicates, was never able after the first inning to put him around. The veteran twirler struck out seven men, and four times a hit by the victim would have meant a run. It was a game decided entirely by its stick work. The Pirates again played better ball in the field, but Detroit was having one of its hitting streaks. Schmidt and Delehanty were the star per- formers in this line, between them hitting home six runs. Schmidt made it a tie in the second, driving in two runs, and Delehanty put his team two to the good with a single with the bases full in the third. This latter hit caused the retirement of Camnitz, who had not been effective. Willis took his place and was better, though unsteady. Three runs were scored on him before the game ended. At the outset it looked much like Pittsburg. Byrne walked and Leach's long double scored him. Clarke sacrificed, but Wagner struck out. Miller hit into right field for two bases, scoring Leach. Abstein, like Wagner, struck out. In the fifth and eighth innings the side was retired in order, but in each other inning the first batter got on first base, one of the men, Leach in the third, hitting for two bases. None scored. Detroit tied it with two out in the second on singles by Moriarty and Tom Jones and a double by Schmidt, on which Leach almost duplicated his robbery of Cobb's long drive in the opening game. Both runners scored. Donovan fanned. D. Jones started the third with a bunt, and Abstein missed Byrne's throw. Bush singled and. Cobb walked. Crawford flied to short left, but D. Jones was kept on third. Delehanty singled to center. Two runners scored, and Cobb got to third. Willis replaced Camnitz. Before he pitched a ball Cobb made a steal of home. Moriarty was passed, but Tom Jones' forced Delehanty at third and Schmidt flied out. Willis was scored on twice in the fifth. Crawford doubled with p one out. Delehanty was passed, Moriarty flied to Abstein and Tom Jones walked. Schmidt singled to center, two men tallying, and Jones was out trying to make third. This was' one day in which Cobb showed something like his usual form. Leach, with two doubles, was Pittsburg's batting star. The official score: DETROIT. AB.R.H.P.A.E. PITTSBURG. AB.R.H.P.A.E. D. Jones, 1. f ........ 5 1 11 0 0 Byrne, 3b ............ 3 1 0 4 3 0 P ush, ss . ............ 3 1 1 0 2 0 Leach, c. f ........... 4 1 2 2 1 0 Cobb, r. f ............. 3 1 1 0 0 0 Clarke, 1. f ........... 3 0 0 3 0 0 Crawford, c. f ....... 4 1 1 3 0 0 WN agner, ss. ......... 4 0 1 1 2 0 I)elehanty, 2b. ...... 3 1 1 3 1 1 Miller, 2b. ........... 4 0 1 0 4 0 ,Moriarty, 3b . ....... 3 1 1 3 1 0 Abstein, lb .......... 4 0 112 1 1 T. Jones, lb ......... 3 1 1 8 1 0 W ilson, r. f .......... 4 0 0 0 0 0 i Schmidt, c. ......... 4 0 2 9 1 1 Gibson, c. ............ 2 0 0 4 2 0 Donovan, p ......... 4 0 0 0 4 1 C:rnnitz, p ...........1 0 0 0 1 0 ,V llis, p. ........... 2 0 0 1 2 0 Totals .............32 7 9 2710 3 Totals .............31 2 5 2716 1

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I, u rnu,^ u 'yroo.yn,; , neat, Brooklyn; 3, Dahlen (Mgr. Brooklyn, 1910); 4, Pfeister, Chicago; 5, Bergen, Brooklyn. A GROUP OF NATIONAL LEAGUE PLAYERS, 1909.

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........ -- . . , J. j ..UL IL, iCU V� 111iLL was holding Pittsburg, while Works, who relieved him, was hit hard and for enough runs to decide the contest. Neither team, as stated, was at top speed in the fielding way. The grounds were wet and muddy from rains, which affected the work somewhat. Detroit made its errors at the start, and they were costly. The Pirates all but heaved it away for Maddox at the finish, Abstein being the principal offender. Byrne started the game with a safe bunt. Summers let Leach's slow hit go through the box to center, Byrne taking third. Clarke hit to Summers and Byrne was out, the other pair taking an extra base each on the run-down. Wagner's fast grounder got past Bush and two runs scored. Schmidt threw wildly when Wagner stole second. He went to third on the peg and scored on a wild pitch. Miller walked. Abstein singled to Crawford, who threw past third trying to catch Miller, the latter scoring. Abstein went to third. Willett replaced Summers. Wilson singled, scoring Abstein, but , Willett got the next pair. Pittsburg scored again on Willett in the second, the pitcher dropping the ball at the plate when Leach had been caught off third and was being run down. Works was found for two runs in the ninth, when Byrne singled and Leach and Wagner each hit for two sacks. Detroit did nothing to Maddox for six innings, four scattered hits, no errors, no passes in that time looking like an impending shut-out. In the seventh Delehanty got his third hit, a two-baser.

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1, Doolan; 2, Sparks; 3, Ward; 4, Magee; 5, Titus. Richter, Photo. A GROUP OF PHILADELPHIA NATIONALS, 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 115 Abstein juggled Miller's throw on Moriarty. Tom Jones singled, scoring Delehanty. Schmidt fouled McIntyre, batting for Willett, struck out. D. Jones beat out a bunt, filling the bases. Bush and Cobb singled, getting three men home, but were both left when Crawford flied to Abstein. The two runs of the ninth were made with one out, D. Jones and Bush being safe on errors by Abstein and Byrne. Jones scored on Cobb's double to center and Bush on Crawford's infield out. Wagner was the individual star, with three hits and three thefts, besides a busy day in the field. Cobb hit in three runs and cut off a run by a brilliant acrobatic catch. Crawford fielded well, but was unable to hit when he had chances to decide the outcome. The official score: PITTSBURG. DETROIT. AB.R.H.P.A.E. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Byrne, 3b. ........... 5 1 2 2 2 1 D. Jones, 1. f ........ 5 2 1 0 0 0 Leach, c. f ........... 4 3 2 1 00 Bush, ss ............. 5 1 3 4 3 2 Clarke, 1. f ........... 3 1 0 5 0 0 Cobb, r. f ............. 5 0 2 3 0 0 � Wagner, ss .......... 5 1 3 3 4 0 Crrwford, c. f ....... 5 0 0 5 0 1 filler, 2b ............ 4 1 0 3 6 0 Delehanty, 2b ....... 5 1 3 3 0 0 Alstein, lb .......... 4 1 2 8 0 2 Moriarty, 3b ......... 4 1 0 0 3 0 WMilson, r. f .......... 4 0 1 0 0 0 T. Jones, lb.......... 3 1 1 7 0 0 Gibson, c. 4 0 0 5 1 0 Schmidt, c ......... 4 0 0 4 3 1 Maddox, p ..........4 0 0 0 1 0 Summers, p ..........O 0 0 0 1 0 NNillett, p .......... 2 0 0 1 3 1 *McIntyre ...........1 0 0 0 0 0 Works, p ...........0 0 0 0 1 0 tMullin ...............1 0 0 0 0 0 Totals .............37 8 10 27 14 3 Totals .............40 6 102714 5 * McIntyre batted for Willett in seventh inning. t Mullin batted for Works in ninth inning. Pittsburg ............................ 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2-8 Detroit ............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 2- 6 Left on bases-Pittsburg 6, Detroit 8. Stolen bases-Wagner 3. Two- base hits-Abstein, Leach, Delehanty 2. Cobb. Sacrifice fly-Clarkei Struck out-By Maddox, Cobb, Moriarty, McIntyre, Mullin; total 4. By Works- Abstein, Maddox; total 2. Bases on balls--Off Maddox, Moriarty, T. Jones; total 2. Off Summers-Miller; total 1. Hit by pitched ball-By Willett, Leach, Clarke. Wild throws-Schmidt, Crawford. Fumbles-Bush 2. Muffed thrown ball-Abstein 2, Willett. Wild pitch-Summers. Pitchers' record-Off Summers in 1-3 inning, 3 hits, 4 runs in 5 times at bat. Off Willett in 6 2-3 innings, 3 hits, 2 runs in 23 times at bat. Off Works in 2 innings, 4 hits, 2 runs in 9 times at bat. Time-1.56. Umpires- O'Loughlin and Johnstone. Scorers-Richter and Flanner. Attendance- 18,277. Weather-Cold. There were two shut-outs in the series, FOURTH GAME Mullin of Detroit putting the first one At Detroit, October 12 across in the fourth game, which Detroit won by a 5 to 0 score. This undoubtedly Detroit 5, Pittsburg 0 was the feature pitching performance of the series, though- Adams, in the closing *game, and Donovan, in his first appearance, each did a grand bit of work. Mullin's performance, however, was especially notable because of the conditions that prevailed. The field was damp, there was a strong, raw wind, and the mercury was below the freezing point all during the game. With a single exception, it was the worst day on which a game of ball was played on the Detroit field during the entire year.

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it, RucKer, Brooklyn; 2, Lobert, Cincinnaul; *;, Llouitzel, Cincinnati; 4, Mitchell, Cincinnati; 5, McIntire, Brooklyn. Conlon, Photo. A GROUP OF NATIONAL LEAGUE PLAYERS, 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 117 Not so much need be said in analysis of this game. It was largely a question of one pitcher. Pittsburg, for the first time, was outplayed on the field, but her slips were not material to the result, inasmuch as she could not score. The errors, it also chanced, affected the Detroit run-making only slightly. Leifield, the Pittsburg left-hander, was sent in to try his fortune against the left-handed hitters of the Detroit club, but did not prove effective. He was hit so hard in two different innings that Phillippe was called on to pitch the last half of the game, which he did in splendid style. Detroit played its best fielding game of the series, supporting Mullin brilliantly at all times. Stanage got his first chance behind the bat, because of Leifield's' presence on the mound, and caught well, besides driving in the first two runs. There was just once chance for Pittsburg to score. That was in the third. Detroit had two runs. Leifield batted first and struck out. Byrne hit for two bags. Leach got a base on balls. Clarke found Mullin a puzzle all day, he, like Miller, striking out twice. This was one of the occasions. But there were three and two on him when he swung at the last one, and the runners were X ' in motion. Stanage made a good throw to third, but the officials ruled that Moriarty missed Byrne. Wagner up, with a single good. to tie, was called out on strikes. That ended the Pirate threats. During the game Mullin struck out ten men, mostly those at the top of the list, and until the seventh inning not a ball was hit off him to the outfield. There were three flies to the gardens in the last three innings, one of these, to Crawford. being the only difficult bit of outfielding in the game. Leifield was against Base Ball luck in the second inning. He hit Delehanty, the first batsman. Moriarty lifted a short fly into left field. Clarke couldn't get to it and Delehanty went all the way to third base. Tom Jones hit to Leifield, and on a run-down of Delehanty the other pair moved up to third and second. Both scored when Stanage sent a line single to left. Mullin forced Stanage and D. Jones was third out. There were two out when Detroit started scoring again, in the fourth, Wagner having started a wonderful double play on Stanage's grounder toward second after T. Jones' safe bunt. Then Mullin walked, D. Jones singled, Bush and Cobb doubled, and three runs were over in a jiffy. Leifield finished the inning, getting Crawford at first, and Phillippe relieved him in the fifth, allowing no scoring thereafter. ' Despite the numerous Pittsburg errors', there were some brilliant plays. Miller, Wagner and Byrne figuring most prominently, with Detroit's work uniformly good in all departments. The official score: PITTSBURG. DETROIT. AB.R.H.P.A.E. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Iyrne, 3b. ........... 4 0 1 0 2 0 D. Jones, . f ........ 4 1 1 0 0 0 Le ch, c. f ........... 3 0 0 3 0 0 BP sh, ss. ............ 5 1 1 0 1 0 Clarke, 1. f ......... 4 0 0 1 0 0 C(bb, r. f ............. 3 0 1 1 0 0 Vagner, ss. .......... 3 0 0 2 4 0 Crawford, c. f .......4 0 1 2 0 0 - Miler, 2b . .......... 4 0 1 3 1 2 )elehanty, 2b...... 3 0 0 1 3 0 Abstein, lb .........4 0 112 1 2 Moriarty, 3b .......4 1 2 1 3 0 W ilson, r. f.......... 4 0 1 0 0 0 T. Jones, lb......... 3 1 113 0 0 Git son, c. ........... 3 0 1 3 4 0 Stanage, c .......... 3 0 1 9 1 0 Ip.ifield, p . ..........I 0 0 0 5 0 Mullin, p ...........3 1 0 0 4 0 *O'Connor ...........1 0 0 0 0 0 Pbillippe, p ......... 1 0 0 0 2 2 Totals .............32 0 52419 6 Totals ..............32 5 S 2712 0- O* 'Connor batted for Leifield in fifth inning.

140

,!k 1 4,

141

142

- V-llV ,, ,u~r., vlli; z, Stephens; 3, Graham; 4, Dineen and Powell. VanOeyen, Photo. A GROUP OF ST. LOUIS AMERICANS, 1909.

143

r II I- 4 c II i. Iff,

144

-o u.., -Walice, , jt. ,uu.~; o, Shnotten, St. Louis; 4, Wallace, St. Louis' 5, Street, Washington. Van Oeyen and Conlon, Photo. A GROUP OF AM'ERICAN LEAGUE PLAYERS. 1909.

145

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 2 of starting in a deciding seventh number. The team that won, Detroit, did so by a single score, after overcoming a three-run lead, the final count being 5 to 4. Its ninth inning was its climax, three Detroit players being injured in their efforts to make plays that would check hair-raising Pittsburg rallies that threatened to end the series. One of the three was carried off the field. The plays were all rough ones, but in no case was there intent on either side to inflict injury or blame attached to the man who maimed his opponent. Jennings showed how much set he was on the game by pitching back Mullin, with but one day's rest. Clarke could not work his dependence, Adams, and put it up to Willis, though he used three pitchers before the day was done in an effort to hold the advan- tage of a three-run lead with which his team opened. Of his three pitchers-Willis, Camnitz and Phillippe-only the .latter escaped being scored on. Luck favored Pittsburg. in the early stages of the game, in an indirect manner oh the- break, in ground rules effect on long hits, but the Pirates themselves tossed away ; * a possible victory in the ninth on bad base-running, one man going' to his death without excuse, and another over-looking a chance to advance, possibly to have scored later. It was an uphill fight for the team that won, and its real play' came in the ninth. Mullin started away badly, being found for three runs in the first, but allowed but two hits from that time to the ninth, during which time his team was taking the lead. But in the opener he was hit hard. Byrne started with a single and Leach's bounder got through Tom Jones, Byrne taking third. He scored on Clarke's single to right. Cobb threw to third, but Leach was safe and Clarke took second. Wagner -doubled- and ! # two more runs were scored. The next three were easy, and Pitts- burg did nothing more until the ninth. Bush scored in the opener on a base on balls and Crawford's double. The Tigers tied it in the fourth. Crawford walked. -Delehanty singled past Byrne, Crawford taking third. Moriarty singled to right, scoring Crawford, but Wilson pinned Delehanty at third base. Moriarty made second on the play /nd scored on T. Jones' double. Schmidt was walked.and two flies followed. In the fifth Bush singled, and the Tigers went. into the lead when Delehanty hit him home, after two other batsmen had grounded. What proved to be the winning run was scored by D. Jones in the sixth. He had forced a man and stole second. Cobb's double put him across. Detroiters thought, and Pittsburgers feared, that the ninth would be an idle formality. The Pirates needed two to tie. Miller opened with a base hit. Abstein duplicated the feat. Wilson laid down a. bunt. Schmidt made a hurried throw, and as T. Jones stopped to gather it in Wilson ran into him, full force. The first baseman was knocked over, landing on his head, and was carried off the field unconscious. On the accident Miller had scored, Abstein had taken third and Wilson was on firft. There was no one out and one run would tie. Crawford came in to play first and McIntyre went to the outfield. H Gibson was the batter. He hit a bounder to Crawford. Abstein started home, without a chance,' and Crawford let Schmidt have the ball. He blocked off and got the runner, being severely spiked. Wilson had a possible chance for third on the mix-up, but did not try. Abbaticchio' was sent to bat for the pitcher. He was up there until the count was three and two. .Then he swung wildly and was out. The runners had started, but Schmidt made a good throw to Moriarty, who held off his man and tagged him. Moriarity's leg was badly cut by Wilson's spikes. But the double- play ended the game. a | _ ' ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~.- .

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I, ilcAieer, MIgr., lul0; 2, Blankenship; 3, Smith; 4, Klllifer; 5, Lelivelt. Conlon, Photo. A GROUP OF WASHINGTON PLAYERS, 1909.

149

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 127 Inning of the sixth contest. Donovan retired at the end of the third, after escaping with two runs on all of these passes and two hits. Mullin replaced him. It was his third game in five days and his arm failed to stand the strain. The team played hard behind its pitchers, but it was Pittsburg's game from the start. Two men were forced out of this game. Byrne was hit, to start it, and Leach sacrificed. Byrne tried to steal third. His spike caught Moriarty's knee, cutting it so badly that a dozen stitches were necessary. Byrne hurt his ankle badly and was forced to retire, Leach taking the bag when Pittsburg went into the field and playing a star game. Moriarty concealed his injury until the second inning, when it was discovered through his inability to run after hitting for two bases. O'Leary went to third in his stead. Byrne was out on the play that caused the injuries. Clarke and Wagner walked, but Bush got Miller. Three passes had been wasted. In the second there were four gifts and two runs re- sulted. Abstein got one. He stole. Schmidt threw late to third on Wilson's bunt. Gibson popped. Donovan walked Adams, filling the bases. Hyatt, playing center, flied to Crawford, scoring Abstein. Leach and Clarke also walked, forcing Wilson home, but Cobb got Wagner's fly. In the third Pittsburg threw some away. Miller singled and Abstein doubled into the crowd. Wilson hit to Bush. He threw home to stop Miller. Schmidt chased him back and tagged him. Abstein had started for third. He could have made it, but doubled back, and Schmidt picked him off on a toss to Delehanty. Wilson's didn't get away from first, and subse- quently was forced. Two passes and two singles, alternated, counted against Mullin for two runs in his first inning, the fourth. Leach doubled and Clarke walked in the sixth, and both scored on Wagner's triple, the latter also counting on D. Jcnes' bad return. Another run came in the eighth when Clarke was passed, stole second, made third on a long fly and scored on a muff by Crawford. Detroit had men on third and second, one down, in the second inning, but Tom Jones' fly to Wagner and Schmidt's infield roller followed. In the fourth Delehanty and T. Jones singled, but Schmidt hit to Leach for the final out. Elsetimes but four Tigers made first base. Delehanty, in the second, on his pass and Moriarty's double, was the only Tiger to get as far as third. The official score: PITTSBURG. AB.R.H.P.A.E. DETROIT. AB.R.H.P.A.E. Byrne, 3b .......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 D. Jones, . f ........ 4 0 1 3 0 1 I1yo tt, c. f ........... 3 1 0 0 0 0 Push, ss. ............ 3 0 0 2 5 1 Leach, 3b ........... 3 2 2 4 2 0 Cobb, r. f ............ 4 0 0 1 0 0 Clarke, 1. f .......... 0 2 0 5 0 0 Crawford, c. f ....... 4 0 0 4 0 1 Wagner, ss .......... 3 1 1 33 0 Delehanty, 2b ...... 3 0 2 3 3 0 Miller, 2b ........... 5 0 2 3 0 0 Moriarty, 3b. ........ 1 0 1 1 0 0 Abstein, lb. ......... 4 1 110 0 0 O'Leary, 3b ........ 3 0 0 1 1 0 W ilson, r. f.......... 4 1 0 0 0 0 T. Jones, lb ..........4 0 1 9 0 0 Gibson, c. ..........5 0 2 0 1Schmidt, c. ..........3 0 1 3 2 0 Adams, p. ...........3 0 0 0 4 0 Donovan, p .........O 0 0 0 1 0 4. ;Mullin, p ....... 3 0 0 0 2 0 Totals ..............30 8 7 2710 0 Totals ..............32 0 62714 3 Pittsburg ............................ 0 2 0 2 0 3 0 1 0-8 Detroit .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-0 Left on bases-Pittsburg 11, Detroit 7. Stolen bases-Clarke 2, Miller, Abstein. Two-base hits-Leach, Gibson, Abstein, Moriarty, Delehanty, Schmidt. Three-base hit-Wagner. Sacrifice hits-Leach, Clarke, Wilson,

150

I, Berger; 2, anll; o, Birmingnam; 4, Goode (to Atnhletics, 1910); - ^ 5, Easterly; 6, Bradley. Conlon, Photo. A GROUP OF CLEVELAND PLAYERS, 1909.

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I, W agner; 2, Arellanes; 3, McConnell; 4, Cicotte; 5, Hooper. Photos by Conlon and VanOeyen. A GROUP OF BOSTON AMERICANS. 1909.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 131 Pittsburg ...........................11 4 1 3 2 4 4 2 3-34 Detroit .............................. 3 4 3 5 3 3 4 1 2-28 Left on bases-Pittsburg 43, Detroit 51. Two-base hits-Pittsburg, Leach 4, Gibson 2, Abstein 2, Wagner 2, Wilson 1, Byrne 1, Miller 1; total, 13. Detroit, Moriarty 1, Delehanty 4, Schmidt 2, Cobb 3, Crawford 3, Mullin 1, T. Jones 1, Bush 1; total, 16. Three-base hits-Pittsburg, Wagner 1. Home runs-Pittsburg, Clarke 2. Detroit, D. Jones 1, Crawford 1. Relief pitchers' records-Off Camnitz, 4 runs, 6 hits in 12 at bats in 2 2-3 innings; off Willis, 3 runs, 3 hits in 20 at bats in 6 1-3 innings, in game October 9. Off Summers, 3 hits, 4 runs in 5 at bats in 1-3 inning; off Willett, 3 hits, 2 runs in 23 at bats in 6 2-3 innings; off Works, 4 hits, 2 runs in 9 at bats in 2 innings, in game of October 11. Off Leifield, T hits, 5 runs in 19 at bats in 4 innings; off Phillippe, I hit, 0 runs in 13 at bats in 4 innings, in game of October 12. Off Summers, 10 hits, 8 runs in 29 at bats in 7 1-3 innings; off Willett, 0 hits, 0 runs in 2 at bats in 2-3 inning, in game of October 13. Off Willis, 7 hits, 4 runs in 20 at bats in 5 innings; off Camnitz~ 2 hits, 1 run in 5 at bats in 1 inning; off Phil- lippe, 1 hit, 0 runs in 7 at bats in 2 innings, in game of Octcber 14. Off Donovan, 2 hits, 2 runs in 7 at bats in 3 innings; off Mullin, 5 hits, 6 runs in 23 at bats in 6 innings in game of October 16. Double plays-Miller, Abstein, Byrne; Wagner, Abstein; Byrne, Abstein. Total for Pittsburg. 3. Bush, T. Jones, Moriarty; Schmidt, Bush; Schmidt, Moriarty. Total for Detroit, 3. Struck out by Pittsburg pitchers-By Adams, Delehanty 3, Mullin 1, Bush 2, D. Jones i, Stanage 2, Summers 2; total, 11. By Camnitz, Craw- ford 1, Donovan 1; total, 2. By Maddox, Cobb 1, Moriarty 1, McIntyre 1, Mullin 1; total, 4. By Willis, Bush 1, Delehanty 1, Cobb 1; total, 3. By Phillippe, Mullin 1, Delehanty 1; total, 2. Grand total, 22. Struck out by Detroit pitchers-By Mullin, Byrne 2, Leach 1, Abstein 5, Wilson 1, Clarke 3, Wagner 1, Miller 2, Leifleld 1, O'Connor 1, Phillippe 1, Gibson 1, Abbaticchio 1; total, 20. By Donovan, Byrne 1, Wagner 1, Miller 1, Abstein 3, Willis 1; total. 7. By Summers, Miller 1, Abstein 1, Wilson 1, Adams 1; total, 4. By Willett, Byrne 1; total, 1. By Works, Abstein 1, Maddox 1; total, 2. Grand total, 34. Bases on balls off Pittsburg pitchers-Off Adams, D. Jones 1, Bush 2, Cobb 1, Schmidt 1, Delehanty 1; total, 6. Off Camnitz, Cobb 1, Bush 1; total 2. Off Willis, Moriarty 2, Delehanty 1, T. Jones 1, Bush 2, Craw- ford 1, Schmidt 1; total, 8. Off Maddox, Moriarty 1, T. Jones 1; total, 2. Off Leifield, Mullin 1; total, 1. Off Phillippe, D. Jones 1; total, 1. Grand total, 20. Bases on balls off Detroit pitchers-Off Mullin, Abstein 1, Leach 1, Wag- ner 2, Miller 1, Hyatt 1, Clarke 2; total, 8. Off Donovan, Leach 1, Clarke 2, Wagner 1, Abstein 1, Adams 1, Byrne 1, Gibson 1; total, 8. Off Sum- mers, Miller 1, Clarke 1, Wagner 1, Abstein 1; total, 4. Grand total, 20. Passed balls-Schmidt 1. Muffed fly balls-Wagner 1, Crawford 1. Muffed foul fly-Schmidt 1. Wild throws-Schmidt 4, Donovan 1, Crawford 1, Miller 2, Wagner 1, D. Jones 1. Muffed thrown balls-Abstein 4, Willett 1, Phillippe 1, Moriarty 1. Fumbles-Cobb 1, Delehanty 2, Bush 5, Abstein 1, Miller 1, Phillippe 1, Clarke 1, Wilson 1, T. Jones 1. Wild pitches-Summers 2. Sacrifice flies-Leach 1, Clarke 1, Hyatt 1. Hit by pitcher-By Mullin, Byrne 1, Wagner 1. By Willett, Leach 1, Clarke 1. By Leifield, Cobb 1, Delehanty 1. By Summers, Wagner 1. By Willis, Bush 1. By Adams, Bush 1. By Donovan, Byrne 1. Officials-Umpires, Johnstone, National League, and O'Loughlin, Ameri- can League, 4 games. Evans, American League, and Klemi, National League, 3 games. Scorers-Francis C. Richter and Joseph Flanner, all games. Average time of game-1.56. Average attendance-20,830. Weather-Clear and warm first two days; cold rest of series.

154

, -, .. -., t, uuguerty; 4, Walsh. -0L Conlon, Photo. A GROUP OF CHICAGO AMERICANS, 1909.

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157

135

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American Association 159

187

160

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 139 batting sent several visiting teams on their way discouraged and discomfited. Frank Delehanty played left field most of the season. He was dissatisfied with his place, and has been traded to Indian- apolis. As to the infield, with the youngster Salm on first base, and with Tate for substitute at that corner; Emery Olsen, the best second baseman in the league, at the keystone position; Larry Quinlan at shortstop half the season and Bill Moriarty filling his place acceptably at the finish, and grand old Suter Sullivan at third base, the Louisville inner works were cared for stylishly and effectively. Behind the bat, little Johnny Hughes helped Peitz a lot, while of the pitchers, Selby, Vaughn, Decanniere and the late Bill Hogg are entitled to special mention. Ambrose Puttmann and Jack 1 Halla, the premier southpaws of 1908, were not so effective as in the other year, Puttmann in particular letting down completely. A strained arm told upon him, and he hopes to come back in 1910. Halla is certain to recover his old-time skill. It was a stern chase, and consequently a long one. Milwaukee was off in front, and by the ides of August was breezing. Along behind came Minneapolis, while Louisville hung on. Indianapolis and St. Paul, the Saints having come up from below, were battling for fourth place, and down in the second division it was a tussle between the two rivals, Columbus and Toledo, as to which would land the higher. George Tebeau's high priced, but managerless Kansas City club lagged in the race. George worried a lot, went to the Coast, brought back Danny Shay, and made an effort to strengthen, but it was too late. The Blues took last place. The Colonels began the stand which has become the most noted chapter in the annals of the association upon their home grounds in September. They had nineteen games, and to win the flag found it necessary to win a big majority of these games, while their opponents would have to lose a majority. Milwaukee came first, for a series of five games. In the first game Manager McCloskey sent in his star twirler, the veteran 'Stony" McGlynn. Seldom will. a man pitch a better game than did "Stony" on that long-to-be-remembered afternoon in September. Every man who saw that game will keep a tight grip on it when the time comes to tell Base Ball stories for the benefit of the coming generation. But against McGlynn Peitz sent in a pitcher who hardly had smelled the smoke of big league battle. Against a veteran of forty summers, there was a stripling of but few over twenty. Young Frank Decanniere, who had been sent to Lancaster for seasoning, had come back, and it was he who for eleven innings baffled the best attempts of the Brewers to work a man around the bases. When the game ended, a draw, 0 to 0, the Colonels had gotten by McGlynn, and the game which, if won, almost surely would have captured the flag for the Creams was gone beyond redemption. For this was McCloskey's one best chance. After it, his : resources crumbled. McGlynn was injured two days later; Louis- ville took four out of five games, and Indianapolis repeated the dose, while the Colonels were annexing four out of the next five with the Millers. Louisville's staying powers, her superior pitchers, more in number and more in strength, proved the factor which won out. Columbus and Toledo added their part to the downfall of the two Western con tenders. while the Colonels grabbed four out of five from St. Paul. and then took the two games from Kansas City which made the pennant a certainty.

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Eastern League 167

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 145 Eastern Leadue BY ARTHUR R. TUCKER, ROCHESTER, N. Y. Perhaps no more orderly season, with fewer interruptions which threatened to disturb the future of the game, has been experienced by the Eastern League than that of 1909. From beginning to end the race was stirring, and up to within a few days ot the close of the season the championship was in doubt. Then a few swift, strong strokes decided the race, leaving the team which had fin- ished in last place the season before in first place, while the team which threatened to take the title at the eleventh hour, Newark, was forced to be content with second plac'., after a gallant fight. A trial was made of the plan of limiting the number of players who could be carried during the playing season, and another trial of the scheme of limiting, not the salaries of individual players, but of entire teams. The rules were so drawn that it was believed a fair trial could be given the plan, but the season had not pro- gressed far when it was seen that the player-limit rule would prove a serious handicap to the clubs that observed it. Ways were found to evade the rule, and it became almost a dead letter. An agreement which had been made with the American Associa- tion regarding the purchase of players was' also found to be irk- some, and finally was openly violated. The rule had to do with the sums to be paid major league clubs for players, and with the clubs from which players could be bought. One season's trial of these rules and agreements was enough to show the club owners of the Eastern League that the organization is too big, too near the class of the major leagues, to be bound by such regulations. The result is' that the season of 1910 will find all of them dead letters. Even the agreement with the American Association, covering the price to be paid for players and the clubs from which they may be purchased, has been modified, the price being increased by 50 per cent, and the other clauses done away with. The two organizations maintain relations as close as before, but without so many written rules to hamper their conduct. Rochester was put in a prominent position on the Base Ball map by the success of Manager John Ganzel's team. From the ground up a new regime began when the former Cincinnati and Grand Rapids manager took hold of the club. Even the name was changed, and, instead of being known as Bronchos. a relic of the Buckenberger days, the team was known as the Hustlers. Even the fans in Rochester smiled when that name was adopted, but the new manager was confident that the name' would prove no mis- nomer, and his confidence, it proved, was well founded. The team which Manager Ganzel put in the field at the opening of the season differed in but few respects from that which repre- sented Rochester the previous season, and critics .were unable to see where Rochester could hope for anything better than a place in the second division. The biggest change was in the infield, where several new faces' were seen. Ganzel himself played first, Pattee took the place of Loudenslager on second base, and Eddie McDonald played third. McDonald had hard luck in the spring, and could not strike his hitting stride. The result was that he was sold to Toronto, where he did some good hitting and fielding for Joe Kelley, showing that the original estimate of the player by Manager Ganzel was correct. The catching staff, the pitching staff and the outfield were prac- tically unchanged, but the brand of ball played by the Hustlers was far superior to that put forth by the old Bronchos. Ganzel's

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 147 personality and the spirit he instilled into the players was held to be responsible for the change in form. From the beginning of the season the team showed a fighting spirit and staying qualities which made it apparent that something better was to be expected of it than had been shown in other years. At various times during the season Toronto, Providence and Newark threatened the leaders. Jersey City, which took first place at the opening of the season, gave promise of being a contender for the title, but things went wrong there, and Gene McCaiin finally gave way to Jack Ryan as manager. That was the only change in managers made on the circuit during the season, except that Harry Wolverton, at Newark, was forced through injuries to remain at home on the last trip of the Indians and the team management was assumed by "Iron Man" McGinnity, the owner. McGinnity's pitching kept Newark in the race, and all but won a pennant for his team. The versatile Hugh Dulfy found a way to pull the Grays' up, as usual, and finished strong, Joe Kelley like- wise found it easy to reorganize his team and make a formidable fighting machine out of it. It was Toronto that put Newark out of the race for the flag by two defeats in the last week of play. Montreal enjoyed a fairly good season under the leadership of Dr. Casey. Baltimore was not a contender for first place honors at any stage of the game, showing a complete reversal in form. The loss of several valuable players was accountable. in part, for the poor showing. George Smith had a team in Buffalo which at times looked very dangerous, but, as in other seasons, Smith's men sustained injuries and were kept out of the game just when they should have been winning. Several changes have been 'made for 1910. Montreal will have the well-known Ed Barrows as leader and Buffalo has a newcomer in Billy Smith; Toronto and Rochester retaiL Joe Kelley and John Ganzel, respectively; Ryan will continue at Jersey City, and Jack Dunn at Baltimore, but the latter is now owner as well as manager. McGinnity will continue to manage Newark. Providence has Jimmy Collins as a successor to Hugh Duffy, who will manage the Chicago Americans. All the teams are strengthening. Rochester made what is believed to be a new high water mark for a minor league city, averaging nearly 3,500 people to a game for the home exhibitions. This success for Charles T. Chapin and his associates is deserved, for Mr. Chapin, president of the Roch- ester club, has stuck at the game, year after year, sinking thousands of dollars, in the effort to give the people of Rochester champion- v ship Base Ball. He has realized his ambition, and says he intends to give them more of it. He gave Manager Ganzel free rein last season, and will continue the same policy in 1910. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. I -i STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON, 1909. Club. Roch.New.Prov. Tor. Buf. Mon.Balt. J.C. Won. PC. Rochester . ........ 10 10 11 15 13 16 15 90 .56 Newark ......... . 12 .. 12 11 10 14 13 14 86 .562 rovidence ........ . 9 10 .. 9 14 12 11 15 80 .533 Toronto .11 11 12 14 8 11 12 79 .523 Buffalo ............... 7 12 7 12 15 11 72 .477 Montreal ........9 7 10 14 9 . 11 8 68 .450 Baltimore .............. 6 9 11 11 7 11 .. 12 67 .438 Jersey, City .....7....... 8 7 9 10 13 9 63 .420 Lost .61 67 70 72 79 83 87 83 6 8i

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L I 4I rrq

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Pacific Coast League 173

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c C l l C t O I/�

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OAKLAND TEAM-PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE.

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IV.�~ olIll, ,7 i- L- d, , doruan, UCaplt.; 6, .,,rin. _\lr.. 7. I:o.,r.s: S. Fish.r: 9. Lee: 10. 0 Te.lllary Ji, Bayless; 12, tkins; 13, Barr; 14. Johns: 15. loran: 16, A'alker. Coplvright. 1909, by Wesley Hirshburg. ATLANTA TEAT--CHAMIPIONS SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION.

Southern Association 179

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�.uuj.N'LujlU . Ix '1'AM--SUUT TthlKN ASSOCIATION.

181

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 159 for the Crackers. One player after another was hurt or sick and things seemed far from well, but finally luck changed and the team went steadily forward to a pennant. � One of the pleasant surprises of the season was the Montgomery team. Managed by Ed. Greminger it played a good steady game, occasionally getting very close to the bottom but never sticking there. At the finish the team hit its stride and with a whirlwind sprint went into third place. The Mobile team, managed for the first time by George Reed, a newcomer in the Southern League, made a most creditable show- ing. Once the team led the league and always it was a con- tender. A slight slump after Atlanta had the pennant won put this team in fifth place. For the Birmingham team it was an unfortunate season. Man- > ager Molesworth had to face the task of building up a team from nothing at all and he made a valiant fight. Most of the season I he stuck in next to last place, but at the very finish pulled up to i! - * sixth. Another victim of adverse circumstances was Mike Finn, who managed the Little Rock club on its last cruise through the stormy Southern League waters. For nearly two-thirds of the season his players put up a fight- then there was a slump and the team fin- ished next to last. The Memphis team, managed by Charley Babb, was the league miracle. Never picked by anybody to finish worse than third and generally believed to be the second best in the league, it jumped into last place the second week of. the season: and stuck there steadily, except for three or four weeks, to the end of ,the' season. Nobody has ever explained it satisfactorily. It appeared a good team and Manager Babb was the same efficient manager as in other days, but somehow luck was bad and that ended it. The day after the league season ended the Atlanta Base Ball Association perpetrated a surprise party by refusing to appoint Billy Smith as manager for another year. Friction over the minor details of running the club appears to be the real reason for letting go a man who won two pennants in four years. Otto Jordan was appointed to succeed him. Then came another surprise, and a sad one. The Atlanta play- ers, in an effort to pick up a little extra money, took on' a post- season series with Chattanooga, the South Atlantic League win- ners, for the championship of the South. The first game, played in Atlanta, was such an easy victory for the Georgia club that the Crackers stopped trying. The rest of the games, played in Chattanooga, were three defeats' out of four for Atlanta and the Chattanooga team copped out the title of champions of the South. When the league meeting was held in Memphis in November a deal engineered by President J. W. Heisman of the Atlanta club was put through which ended by the Little Rock club offering its franchise for sale and by the acceptance of this offer by the Chat- tanooga Base Ball Association, which bought its way out of the South Atlantic League. This change was made purely for the purpose of cutting down the long jump to Little Rock, which is not easily accessible from the other Southern League cities. At the same meeting W. M. Kavanaugh was re-elected president, secretary, treasurer, etc., and Clark Miller will, as usual, act as his secretary and perform his' old duties as Head Keeper of the Dope. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. i

182

I__

183

161

184

- - 1, , , ILI a t CY O'Leary; 10, Cranston; 11 -SOUTHERN ASSOCIATIC

Western League 185

i i I I

186

t 1 C o M - e m 0 o a d Ai : >: :^ ! t 1 0' ( 0' B 2 B ^ ' KEsD

187

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 165 In Omaha the good feeling was never so rampant, although this is a city that has always had good Base Ball and occupied an enviable niche in the affairs of the great game. But with a stauncher circuit, with the prospects of a grand new park, palatial concrete stand and covered bleachers in one more twelvemonth, has aroused the passion to fever heat, and the citizens seem to feel that they can pride themselves on the possession of as good as there is in the whole broad land. In this era of the unprece- dented popularity of outdoor athletic pastimes a similar status has been engendered in a greater or lesser way in every city on the circuit. It can be truthfully said, as much of this section of our great country as any other, that there is no open-air sport in vogue in America or elsewhere that awakens one-hundredth the furore as Base Ball, either as a commercial asset, a thrilling sport to look upon, or one so ample in its advantages for healthful, manly and ennobling recreation. As mentioned in the outset, the Westerni League enjoyed an exceptionally prosperous and successful season in 1909, the season being improvement upon even the almost phenomenal 1908 sea- son. Possibly the winning clubs made no more money in the aggregate than they did in the previous year, but they accom- plished vastly more in the way of laying a foundation for great things .he coming season. However, more people witnessed the Western League games in 1909 than in any preceding year, thus furnishing to all club owners security of investment and assuring a fair return for the capital employed for many years to come. In 1909, as in the two preceding seasons, the Western League maintained its artistic superiority and popularity over the ma- jority of other minor league organizatior;s. The race was from beginning to end one of the closest and most remarkable in its' history. Every team was in it at some stage, and for nearly two months four teams had a nerve-straining race almost up to the wire, and a horse, Des Moines, with a poor rating at the send-off, won out by as sensational and well-sustaineJ burst of speed as was ever witnessed on the turf. The final victory of the Iowa team was not only excessively popular at home. but abroad, thus adding materially to the financial success of the season and the performance of the Western League, but it was well deserved. The final series between the leaders-Sioux City, Des Moines and Omaha-bristled like a chevaux de frise with live wires. Sioux City closed at Omaha with three games, two of which were necessary to cinch the pennant. Des Moines was at home, with Lincoln for five games, and she had to make a clean sweep or content herself with second place. Sioux City opened at Omaha on Saturday, and she walloped the locals with disgusting ease. Lincoln opened at Des Moines on Friday and dumped a 2 to 1 game, and the next day, Satur- day, while Sioux City was whaling the tar out of Omaha, the Links dropped a double-header to the Des Moines bunch. There was a double-header in both cities Sunday, and, to win, Sioux City had to take one, while Des Moines had to wind up with two more straight. Sioux City was arrogant in the sub- limity of her confidence. The day was ideal and there were 13,000 people on hand to see the closing frenzy. An overwhelming throng was also on hand at Des Moines, and when both Omaha and Des Moines won the whole shooting match pandemonium and bedlam broke loose for fair. The two states vibrated with the general din. for It left history thus. Won. Lost. P.C. Des Moines ............... 93 59 .612 Sioux City ............... 94 60 .610

188

fe f.

189

G. PO. A. E. PC. 50 360 35 7 .983 133 1359 113 25 .983

190

,. it. Sstoner, 8ec.-T1 TV A A ir -�~m,,

191

169

192

I j

New England League 193

171

194

195

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 173 League. Saturdays and holidays are the big money days. The players seem to enjoy one day's rest out of seven, and play snappier Base Ball in consequence. Overworked ball players are not attractive, and the Base Ball public knows the real from the counterfeit. The New England League has made no change on the circuit for the last three years, and is not likely to do so for several years to come. There are several good cities anxious to get a berth in the New England League, all located within a few miles of the pres- ent circuit, viz.: Newport, Portland, Manchester and Salem. These towns find the advertising that Base Ball gives to a place is worth considerable to the business man. Cities that once re- ceived free advertising in the daily papers, through their ball clubs, have been lost sight of. New Bedford, Fall River, Haverhill and Lawrence in the New England League have well-managed clubs, backed by a large number of solid business men of those up-to-date .cities. The New England League is fortunate in having the loyal sup- port of the Boston papers, which give up valuable space to the game, in all its angles, major and minor, as well as semi-profes- sional and amateur. The club owners have realized the importance of better accom- modations for the patrons of the game and the different ball parks are being gradually improved. Better diamonds have con- tributed to an advance in the quality of the work in the field, while the general good order and increased seating accommodations have helped wonderfully. The railroads have realized the importance of carrying the crowds to and from the grounds, all helping to create a healthy interest in the game, until the very best people of New England are now regular patrons of the eight clubs in the New England circuit. The New England League fully appreciates the annual oppor- tunity of sending its respects to every league in organized Base Ball, as well as to the publishers of the SPALDING GUIDE for furnishing the channel to reach the million lovers of the great game the world over. Hats off to the old game once more. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PO. Worcester ............ 77 47 .621 Haverhill ............. 62 62 .500 - rockton .............. 75 48 .610 New Bedford ......... 51 72 .419 Lynn .................. 74 49 .602 Lowell ................ 43 81 .348 Fall River ............ 71 53 .573 Lawrence ............. 41 82 .333 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1891-W orcester .................. .653 1900-Portland .................... .587 1892-Woonsocket .670 1901-Portland .................... .598 i 1893-Fall River .667 1902-Manchester ..................681 1894-Fall River .634 1903-Lowell ...................... .637 1895-Fall River .................. .632 1904-Haverhill ................... .656 1896-Fall River .................. .636 1905-Concord ..................... .639 1897-Brockton .................... .654 1906-W orcester ................. .638 1898-Newport-Brockton ......... .67 1907-Worcester .................. .679 1899-Portland .................... .636 19C8-Worcester .................. 646 I

196

Connecticut League 197

175'

198

199

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 177 cussing the trades of players they forgot all about the new names and nothing was done about it. The feature of the playing season in 1909 was the intense rivalry between Hartford and New Britain. All attendance rec- ords in the league were broken by these clubs on the Fourth of July. At New Britain in the morning there were 5,600 people, and at Hartford in the afternoon 7,500 turned out. W. W. Hanna the New Britain owner, is not a practical Base Ball man, and when his team had a bad slump he engaged Thomas J. Lynch, the present National League president, to manage his team. Mr. Lynch had plenty of time, as his theater in New Britain was closed for the summer. There was so much enthusiasm over the series between these clubs that the factories in New Britain shut down at 3 o'clock when a game was scheduled. Hartford held the lead for nearly the entire season and finished a rather easy winner. The success was largely due to the fine pitching staff secured the season before by Tom Dowd and the good headwork of Tom Connery, the manager who succeeded Dowd. Dowd had secured Ray Fisher and Chick Evans, sold last season to New York and Boston, Hack Schuman of Buffalo, and Tom McCarthy was bought from the Boston Nationals. Fisher led the league and was invincible when he used a double drop ball. James H. Clarkin, the owner of the Hartford team, was so proud of the fact that his club was the first one that had won a pennant for Hartford that he arranged a big parade and benefit performance for the team. The entire town turned out for the parade, but, unfortunately, all did not buy tickets for the benefit. Dan O'Neil, who won the- pennant the season before with his Springfield team, sold his property to Jack Zeller of St. Louis, and Springfield finished in, fifth place. Waterbury had an in-and-out season, with' Harold R. Durant as president and Mike Doherty as manager. The team finished fourth. M. J. Finn of the Little Rock club has bought a three-fourths interest in the Waterbury club and will run it himself this coming season. Holyoke, which had won three pennants, finished second under Kid McCormick, the manager. F. A. Winkler, the principal owner, is to continue at the head of the club. Eugene McCann, the former Jersey City player, purchased the Bridgeport club from James H. O'Rourke, the founder of the Con- necticut League, early in 1910, and will manage that team this season. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Hartford ............. 74 44 .627 Springfield ........... 60 63 .488 Holyoke .............. 68 53 .562 New Hayvern .......... 59 65 .476 New Britain ......... 64 55 .538 Northampton ......... 54 68 .443 Waterbury ........... 64 61 .512 Bridgeport ........... 41 78 .361 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1897-Meriden ..................... .684 1903-Holyoke ..................... .63 1898-W aterbury .................. .623 1904-Bridgeport .................. .612 1899-New Haven ................. .591 1905-Holyoke ..................... .699 1900-Norwich .................... .660 1906-Norwich ..................... .576 1901-Bristol ...... ........... .606 1907-Holyoke ..................... .664 1902-New Haven ................. .642 1908-Springfield .................. .672

200

201

Name andClub. G. W. L. BB.SO.PC. Name and Club. G. W. L. BB.SO.PC. Fisher, Hart., 34 24 5 85 243 .827 McCabe, Hol., 15 9 3 25 38 .750 McCarthy, Har., 14 9 2 30 58 .817 Eastman, Water. 16 8 4 28 64 .667

202

KEADJING TEAM--TRI-STATE LEAGUE.

Tri-State League 203

Tri-State Leadue BY ROY T. SMITH, LANCASTER, PA. The race for the pennant in the Tri-State League in 1909 proved to be one of the most exciting in the history of President Car- penter's organization. Lancaster, under Manager Marty Hogan, won its first pennant in the league, and the top rung of the ladder was only gained by the hardest kind of fighting. When Marty had finally selected his team from the material on hand, after the early practice season, some of the Tri-State man- agers thought that the Lancaster nine would not finish the season in the first division. Before the season was man,- weeks old the Red Roses were leading the league and setting a fast pace for the others to follow. The slump that was predicted on every hand never made its appearance. Hogan, who is a believer in young- sters, instilled into his men that never-to-say-die spirit and his team was always fighting until the last man had been retired. Altoona led the league for the first month of the season, but the Lancaster team jumped ahead on June 15, and during the remainder of the season, with the exception of one day when Altoona recov- ered first place, they were never headed. Reading and Williams- port were always at their heels and it was bv playing the nest article of ball that the Roses were able to keep in first place. Harrisburg, Trenton and York were Jisaopointments, especially the latter club. During the season of 1909 the league played unde a salary limit of $2,300 per month. Stringent rules' were adopted Dy the league magnates to prevent the violation of this limit by any of the teams. President Carpenter, on June 15, startled the Tri-State and the Base Ball world in general by fining the Williamsport club the sum of $100 and taking five games away from its won column for a violation of the rules regarding the salary limit. The chief executive discovered that the Williamsport club had paid outfielder Tony Crane a bonus of $200 when he signed with the club, which was an infraction of the rules of the league. The five gnmes which were deducted from Williamsport were added to the won column of the tailend York club. The loss of these games by Williamsport put it down from first to seventh Dlace and the team never fully recovered from the shock. At a meeting of the league magnates, shortly after President Carpenter made his decision, the Crane case was brought up and, by a vote of the representatives, the chief executive's action in the matter was upheld. The annual election of the officers of the league is generally held in January of each year, but to show their confidence in the ability of the presi- dent Charles Carpenter was unanimously re-elected president, sec- retary and treasurer at the meeting of the league held in the fall of 1909. Year after year the players in the Tri-State League have attracted the attention of the magnates and annually the best men are drafted or purchased by the major leagues. Some of them make good in the spring try-outs, while others are farmed to some Class A team for more experience. At the finish of the 1909 season fifteen players were sold to or drafted oy the American and National League teams. Pitcher Matthews was purchased by the Boston Nationals from the Trenton team early in June. Pitcher "Doc" Reisling of the York clnb was bought by the Washington club during the season and outfielder Lelivelt was also gobbled up by the Washington team, greatly weakening the Reading club, of which he was a member. The other players who were bought or

204

AL'UU'NA TEAM-TRI-STATE LEAGUE.

205

206

A II-o i -c--IBU I ---- -GT , OEA-T b uwvens; ti, Whitney; 7, loch; 8, G. W. Heckert, Mgr.; 9, Zimerman: 10, Smith; 11, Rielchner; 12, Jacobs; 13, Sullivan; 14, Van Dyke; 15, Manning. HARRISBURG TEAM-TRI-STATE LEAGUE.

207

.L1 &

208

. . ...................

New York State League 209

181

210

_........, ......Svv tfe o, Danlgren; 6, Mitchell; 7, Carr; 8, Kustus; 9, McMahan; 10, Aubrey; 11, Thompson; 12, T. C. Griffin, Mgr.; 13, Beville; 14, Crisham; 15, Shortell, Capt. SYRACUSE TEAM-NEW YORK STATE LEAGUE.

211

212

otelger; o, ilelly; 4, Metz; 5, Middleton; 6, Patrick; 'osgrove; 9, Smith, Mgr.; 10, Kinsella, Pres.; 11, lausser; 13, McGuire; 14, L. Bell; 15, Streeter; 16, R. NGFIELD (ILL.) TEAM-I.-I.-I. LEAGUE.

Indiana-Illinois-Iowa League 213

IF i':

214

~~~-wE- s - .� s� -� orU�L A

215

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 193 President M. H. Sexton, whose firm adherence to what he believed right and his' strict discipline had got him in bad in the southern end of the circuit, refused to be a candidate for the presidency a second time. That confined the fight to the election of Cedar Rapids' successor, and when Waterloo was finally chosen harmony reigned supreme again, and A. R. Tearney of Chicago was unani- mously elected president and the league was started out on what is expected to be another prosperous year. The feature of the season's play was the establishment of a new record for the length of a game. On May 31 Decatur defeated Bloomington by a score of 2 to 1 in a game which it took twenty- six innings to decide. The history of organized Base Ball contains no other such record. The league was practically riddled of its best players by sales and by drafts made upon it by higher class clubs towards the close of the season. Among those who went to the majors were pitcher Hardin of Rock Island, who was sold to Detroit; pitchers Daly, Patrick and Bell, and first baseman Metz and second baseman L. Bell of Springfield, who went to the New York Giants, the St. Louis Nationals and Cleveland; catcher Rohrer of Cedar Rapids, who was drafted by the White Sox; catcher Nunamaker of Dubuque, who was drafted by the Cubs; third baseman Netzel of Peoria, who was drafted by Cleveland; shortstop Hauser of Dubuque, who was drafted by the St. Louis Nationals; pitcher Carmichael of Cedar Rapids, sold to Cincinnati; pitchers Laudermilk and Cowell and third baseman Barkwell of Decatur, sold to the St. Louis Nationals, and catcher Higgins of Peoria to Cincinnati. In addi- tion to these there were a score of players who were bought by Class A clubs and as many more who were drafted to these clubs. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. R.I. Spg. Dav. Blm. Peo. Dub. Dec. C.R. P. W. L. PC. Rock Island . . 7 14 13 11 13 14 18 138 90 48 .652 Springfield 13 .. 10 9 13 10 11 15 134 81 53 .604 Davenport . 5 9 .. 10 11 11 12 19 136 77 59 .566 Bloomington 7 0 10 .. 9 12 10 12 137 70 67 .511 Peoria ....... 9 6 7 11 .. 9 11 16 136 69 67 .507 Dubuque .. 7 8 9 7 10 .. 8 15 125 64 71 .474 Decatur ...... 5 8 8 9 9 12 .. 12 136 63 73 .463 Cedar Rapids. 2 5 1 8 4 4 7 .. 138 31 107 .225 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1901-Terre Haute ................ .649 1905-Dubuque .................... .569 1902-Rockford ................... .587 1906-Cedar Rapids .............. .648 1903-Bloomington ..................603 1907-Rock Island ............... .652 1904-Springfield ................. .600 1908-Springfield .................. .603 INDIVIDUAL BATTING. Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. 2B. 3B.HR.TB.SH.SB. PC. Irby, Davenport .................. 23 75 10 26 2 0 0 28 7 5 .347 Gfeyer, Davenport .80 300 35 92 8 8 1 119 16 5 .307 Kelly, Springfield ................ 19 63 11 19 2 0 0 21 3 4 .302 Murphy. Rock Island............. 140 573 86 172 24 14 3 233 10 36 .300 Darringer, Dubuque .............. 110 399 51 118 19 5 0 147 20 22 .296 Plass, Dubuque .................. 61 185 34 54 9 2 0 67 11 28 .292 I4

216

1JuuuLu X 'llAM-I-.-I.-I. jLEAGUE.

217

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 195 INDIVIDUAL FIELDING. FIRST BASEMEN. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PC. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PC. Stark, R. I., 70 681 31 7 .990 Lerchen, Dub., 137 1531 68 23 986 Hicks, C. R., 12 141 11 2 .987 Shaffer, Dav., 108 1118 50 16 .986 SECOND BASEMEN. Williams, C. R., 12 22 36 1 .9831Cook, Dec., 13 34 30 2 .970 Roudebush, Dec.-Bl., 83 192 208 11 .9781Vandagrift, Peo., 10 32 30 2 .969 THIRD BASEMEN. Keenan. Bloom., 135 162 232 27 .936|Hollingsworth, S.-D. 14 15 24 3 .929 Kelly, R. I., 138 145 251 30 .930 McGuire, Spring., 84 95 171 23 .923 SHORTSTOPS. Snyder, Bloom., 141 322 429 41 .948RBerger. R. I., 137 270 426 55 .927 Purtell, Decatur, 105 177 303 35 .932 Mocre, Decatur, 10 23 23 4 .920 LEFT FIELDERS. Darringer, Dub., 14 25 1 0 1.0001Ross, Dav., 10 9 2 0 1.000 Coombs, Decatur, 11 16 20 1.000 Collins, C. R.-BI., 120 295 13 1 .997 CENTER FIELDERS. Ohland, Dav., 119 281 11 3 .990 Murphy, R. I., 138 329 19 6 .983 Callahan, Spring., 132 242 13 4 .984 Donnelly, Peoria, 27 49 2 1 .981 RIGHT FIELDERS. White, Dubuque, 22 22 1 0 1.0010Plass, Dubuque, 12 9 0 0 1.000 Bertz, Springfield, 16 14 10 1.000 Darringer, Dubuque, 84 110 9 1 .992 PITCHERS. Cowell, Decatur, 31 4 51 0 1.00013acobson, Decatur, 21 7 57 1 .985 Loomis, Decatur, 18 7 34 01.0001Neal, R. I., 32 10 120 3 .977 CATCHERS. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PB. PC. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PB. PC. Eng, R. I., 59 346 84 5 10 .989 Kelly, C. R., 46 182 58 4 7 .984 Edwards, Dav., 46 208 42 4 3 .984 Johnson, Spr., 108 482 99 10 6 .983 PITCHERS' RECORDS. * The "T" stands for tie games and "N" for games in which a pitcher neither won nor lost. Name and Club. G. IP. AB. H. R. HB. BB.SO.WP.W. L. *T. *N. PC. Walsh, Peoria ....... 20 167 615 127 54 4 42 111 3 13 5 0 2 .722 Parkins, Davenport... 29 251 877 186 63 11 36 123 0 19 8 1 1 .704 Hardin, Rock Island. 39 342 1174 214 76 11 107 235 4 26 11 0 2 .70. On May 31 Decatur and Bloomington played a 26-inning game, the longest contest on record in Three-Eye League history and probably in Organized Base Ball. The score was 2 to 1 in favor of Decatur. Blooming- ton scored one run in the first inning, after which the Bloomers played 25 innings without scoring. Decatur scored in the third, tieing the score, and shortstop Purtell drove in the winning run in the twenty-sixth inning with a. triple. Clark and Burns, pitchers respectively for Bloom- ington and Decatur, lasted the 26 innings out and Burns made a remarkable record in holding his opponents without a run for a quarter of a hundred Innings. He gave but 13 hits during the game, Clark giving but 11. In point of time the game was also a long one, perhaps the longest on record, requiring four hours and twenty minutes to play, the first twelve innings being in drizzle and intermittent rain. Burns gave but one base on balls during the 26 innings.

218

�, , -u0iLuI; s- , larmichael; 5, John , Deconley; 9, Kelly, Mgr.; 10, Br( .tosh. RAPIDS TEAM.N-I.-I.-I. LEAGUE.

Northwestern League 219

220

-,-. . LL, , IV . ZuLt; o, :viaceorione, ires.: 4, Wilder; o, Bowes, Treas.; 6, Moore; 7, Carr: 8. Campbell: 9. rejeune: 0. Siever; 11, Swalm: 12. Starkell: 13, Bewer; 14, Stleib; 15, Itowlaua Mgr.; 16, O'Brien: 17, Pernoll. ABERDEEN TEAM-NORTHWESTERN LEAGUE)

221

A number of others were drafted by Class & clubs. This year the circuit has beer reduced to four clubs, Portland and Aberdeen being dropped. While other leagues are cutting salaries there will be no slashing in this organization. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPADING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Clubs. Sea.Spok.Aber. Port.Van. Tac. Won. P.C. Seattle ..... ............... 16 28 24 18 23 109 .653 Spokane .. ............ 14 .. 20 21 19 26 100 .602 Aberdeen ........................... 1313 24 14 78 .491 Portland .......................... 10 13 16 . 14 26 79 .473 Vancouver ......................... 10 14 10, 14 .. 22 70 .422 Tacoma ............................ 11 9 7 16 .21 .. 64 .366 Lost ........................... 58 66 81 88 96 111 500

222

i i t-

223

224

TERRE HAUTE TEAM-CENTRAL LEAGUE.

225

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 208 Phillips knew his men, and declared that with the team work proficiency they would soon acquire his bunch would show the other fellows the way. His predictions of success were soon realized- at the end of the first week of May the Smokes had pulled them- selves out of the tail end; another week and they were in sixth place; then came a brilliant showing on the home grounds', and in another week Wheeling was perched at the top of the heap. The first week of June Grand Rapids forged to the front, but it was a short-lived advantage, and again Phillips' braves were in the lead. The Zanesville Infants, under Roy Montgomery's able tutelage, had been coming fast, and the first week of July they went to the front, retaining the leadership for four weeks. when Wheeling again wrested the premier position from their old-time rivals, and retained the advantage to the close of the race in September. Analyzing the success of the Wheeling club, there are several things to be taken into consideration. First and foremost, there is the already mentioned superiority of the generalship of "Bill" Phillips. Second, the work of the pitchers of the team. Two Stogie twirlers led the league in games' won. Phillips himself was the premier performer, with twelve games won and but three defeats. Johnny Fisher came second, twenLy-four victories and nine defeats. "Rufe" Nolley, the "spitter," contributed largely to the club's success, winning eighteen of his thirty-two games. The veteran Wolf and young Richardson were also above the .500 mark, in fact it was notable that none of the twirlers' who remained with the champions to the end ranked under .500. Third, came the factor of proficient fielding, and incidentally team work. In the infield, Tarleton at first, Soffel at second, Jewell at short, and McKechnie at third, formed a stone wall that outclassed many in the higher class leagues. The outfielders, Magie, Donahue and Bisland, per- formed well, but their stick work was' not nearly up to what is always expected from the outer garden men. In this connection the success of the Wheeling team in winning the flag when rank- ing seventh in team batting for the season is remarkable. Many a game was lost for the want of a timely bingle, and many another was won with fewer hits than the opposing teams secured. The league went through its season without a change in the circuit, something that cannot be said of every Central League season. Conducted' by Dr. Frank R. Cars'on of South Bend, Ind., the organization was maintained on a high level of business ef- ficiency. On the whole the umpire service was good throughout, as attested by the fewer protested games. Unfortunately the business' revival had not spread sufficiently to bring financial success to all the clubs, the greater number closing the year with red figures chalked up on the wrong side of the ledger. However, with con- ditions now showing much improvement the magnates are looking forward to what they predict will be the most successful season in the history of the organization. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Wheeling ............... 83 50 .624 Terre Haute ........... 65 73 .471 Zanesville .............. 75 58 .564 South Bend ............ 64 72 .470 Fort Wayne ........... 71 66 .518 Evansville .............. 58 78 .426 Grand Rapids .........67 65 .508 Dayton ................. 56 77 .421

226

227

228

229

207

230

DALLAS TEAM--TEXAS LEAGUE.

231

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE -BALL GUIDE. 209 accepted the first opportunity to unload his franchise. Walter Morris expects to do better. Jack Warner failed early in the season at Galveston and Bobby Gilks did the best he could with the remnants that were left. The Indians put up the fight that was expected. The people of that city know how to support a ball team and the owners do not hesitate to spend their money for the best material available. Past performances made the Indians look dangerous from the start, and when that tenacious but genial "Doc" Andrews succeeded George Kelsey as manager, 4Everybody knew there was to be a valiant struggle to carry the pennant beyond the borders of the Lone Star State, and although he was not successful he may be proud of the showing made. The Indians will be the same dan- gerous foes in 1910. A game that attracted more than ordinary attention during the season was played in San Antonio on August 22. The champions of 1908 had a fighting chance to again capture the pennant and the keenest rivalry existed betwe'en the Magnolia and Alamo cities. Nearly 1,500 fans traveled over 200 miles to witness the contest and were rewarded by seeing the Broncos go down to defeat. Stewart, drafted by the White Sox, pitched the game and Killifer, sold to the Browns, caught. This was believed to be the largest number of enthusiasts that ever traveled so far, with the possible exception of world's championship crowds, to witness a single game of Base Ball. A number of remarkable feats figure in the record of the league for the season. Four men participated in every game played by their respective teams: W. White, Oklahoma, 150 games; Fire- stein, San Antonio, 146 games; Cavender, Fort Worth, 146 games, and Riley, Galveston, 146 games. McCormick, Oklahoma, came next, playing 146 out of 150 games. Queisser, the Galveston catcher who goes to Denver, participated in 79 consecutive games. Pitcher Mitchell, San Antonio, established a new world's record on August 21 by striking out 20 Galveston players and scoring a shut-out. On July 28, pitcher Peters of Dallas, pitched a no-hit- no-run game and issued but one pass. Klawitter, Shreveport, pitched and won both games of a double header against Galveston on August 5. Of the 39 postponed games all but seven were played off. All of the teams are strengthening up for the contest of 1910, which promises to be even better than the one decided in favor of Houston. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents.. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON, 1909. Club. Hous.Okla.S.An. Dal. Shr. Ft.W.Gal. Wa. W. PC. Houston . ............... .. 8 11 13 10 12 18 14 86 .601 Oklahoma .............. 12 .. 7 10 10 11 15 14 79 .556 San Antonio ........... 7 13 .. 8 12 8 12 16 76 .547 Dallas .................. 7 11 10 .. 9 13 14 11 75 .540 Shreveport ............. 9 9 8 13 .. 10 12 12 73 .518 Fort Worth ............ 9 13 12 6 10 .. 10 13 73 .507 Galveston .............. 7 3 7 6 9 10 .. 11 53 .373 W aco ................... 6 6 8 8 8 7 8 .. 51 .359 Lost ................ 57 63 63 64 68 71 89 91 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS SEASONS. 1907-Austin ........................ .6291 1908-San Antonio ................ .664

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Central League 233

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Western Association 234

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 213 they were not seriously hurt. Chances, however, this year will be eliminated by the early start. The Western Association race last year had some exciting fea- tures. Springfield got off to a flying start and led for six weeks. Bartlesville jumped in for a time, but Enid galloped to the fore after the middle of June and was: never headed. Guthrie and Muskogee made phenomenal spurts in July and August and Mus- kogee finished out second, coming from a deep second division place, while Guthrie was a clean third from an early bad last. Bartlesville looked likely for a time, but many crippled players handicapped their efforts. Webb City-Salupla was a bright con- tender in the early stages but slowed up and finished fifth. Pitts- burg was frequently a trouble maker for the aspirants for leader- ship, but never a pennant contender, while Joplin-El Reno was never anything but last. The league has put a ban on syndicate ball, and hereafter will allow no man to be interested in more than one club. From a financial standpoint the season was a success for per- haps all but three clubs, adverse conditions of the mining indus- tries in the Joplin-Webb City districts' being largely responsible. The league appears to have too much mileage, and it is probable circuit changes for 1910 will be inaugurated. The only change made in the officers of the association this year was in the office of vice-president, J. H. Shaw of Enid being elected to succeed A. J. Baker of Joplin. Mr. Baker was retired because Joplin is not now in the league. The league has provided its president with an office in Kansas City and a clerk and has added in this respect a fitting aspect of metropolitanism. Perhaps thirty or forty players have been sold or drafted and twelve of these were graduated to the major leagues. The Enid champions lost pitcher Ashley, sold to Cincinnati; pitcher Woods, drafted by the Chicago Cubs, and catcher Allen drafted by the St. Louis Americans'. Pitchers Geist and Willis of Guthrie go to the Chicago Cubs by purchases and catcher Waring of the same club was drafted by the Chicago Sox. Outfielder Patterson of Guthrie goes to Cincinnati by the purchase route and pitcher Cavitte of Mus- kogee was sold to Detroit. Springfield sold pitcher Hamilton to the St. Louis Americans. First baseman Metz of the same club is slated for a New York Giant uniform. Pitcher Bell of Pittsburg and catcher Kelley of the same club showed sufficient merit to be purchased by the New York Nationals. Officers and club owners expect the most successful season in years in 1910, as industrial interests have improved greatly in the association's territory. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. WVon. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Enid ...... ........... 82 44 .651 Sapulpa ................ 64 59 .520 Muskogee .............. 74 51 .592 Springfield ............. 56 70 .444 (;,nthrie ................ 70 55 .560 Pittsburg .............. 52 73 .416 Bartlesville ............ 66 59 .528 El lieno ................ 36 89 .288 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1902*-Nevada ..................... .702 1906-Topeka ...................... .594 1903*-Sedalia .................... .739 1907-Wichita .737 1904-Tola ........................ .670 1908-Topeka ................. .638 1905-Wichita .................... .58ol * Missouri Valley League. i

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South Atlantic League 243

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 221 South Atlantic Leadue BY JOSEPH R. CURTIS, CHATTANOOGA, TENN. The sixth season of the South Atlantic League was probably the most turbulent and stormy that the circuit has ever known. A combination of events made a series of unpleasant circumstances and, with one or two exceptions, every club in the league was a heavy financial loser. The race from the standpoint of the fans wa. only fair. In some of the cities it was very interesting at different parts of the season. The Chattanooga club obtained such a long lead early in the season that a division of the race was necessary, and on July 5 a new race was started. In the second half of the season Augusta won out after a hot fight, and in a campaign in which there was much "mud-slinging" between the rival fans and players a post series was started. Both contenders-Chattanooga and Augusta -claimed that the other was using unfair means to gain the lead- ership, and when the play-off for the championship took place, it was with difficulty that rioting and assaults were prevented on the part of the fans toward the players, so intense was the excitement. Chattanooga won the series with ease, taking four games out of six, and making the seventh game unnecessary. Chattanooga then played a series with Atlanta, the Southern League pennant winners, and defeated them four games out of seven for the title of the Dixie championship. W. A. Jones of Jacksonville was president of the league for the season. President Jones experienced a great deal of trouble with his umpires, and it was largely through their work that the league suffered. Failure by the clubs to observe the salary limit also caused trouble. The league was increased to eight clubs before the beginning of the season. Chattanooga and Columbus, Ga., were the new mem- 'bers. Before the season was two weeks old it was evident that affairs of the Charleston club were being badly managed. On July 3, it became necessary to move the franchise to Knoxville, Tenn., and the club remained there until the end of the season. The Chattanooga club was managed by a local boy, John Dobbs, who formerly played with Cincinnati, Chicago and Brooklyn in the National League. During the first half of the season his team was never out of first place, and in the second half he maintained the lead for a great deal of the time and was never lower than third. The Columbus, Ga., club showed the next best average for the season, being in second place by a comfortable lead in the first half, and a close third in tfe second. This team was managed by James C. Fox, for several years a member of the Atlanta Southern League club. Third honors for the year were won by Augusta. Augusta lost the same number of games as Columbus, but the latter won eight more contests than the Tourists. Lou Castro, the former Southern League player, was manager of the Tourists.

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 223 Savannah, with Bobby Gilks and Ernie Howard as its managers, is entitled to fourth place, and the Charleston-Knoxville bunch was next. Wilson Mathews managed the team at Charleston and Steve Griffin at Knoxville. Macon, with Jack Lawler as manager, was sixth. Jacksonville, champions of 1908, managed by Dominick Mullaney, was seventh and Columbia finished last under Manager Arthur Granville. As stated before, the Charleston team was switched to Knoxville in mid-season because of financial difficulties, and there was a change in the ownership of the Macon and Jacksonville clubs. Several players were sent from the different clubs to the major leagues. About ten men from this circuit will receive try-outs with big league teams in 1910. Over twenty-five players were sold to or drafted by clubs in leagues higher than the South Atlantic. After the close of the season the Chattanooga club secured an option on the Little Rock franchise and by paying the South Atlantic League $2,500, its franchise was turned back to the league, and its players retained for the Southern League team. With Chattanooga out of the circuit, Knoxville was too far from the other cities to remain in the league, and the franchise of that city was bought by the league. W. R. Joyner, former mayor of Atlanta and for several years president of the Southern League club there, has been elected president for the ensuing year to succeed Mr. Jones, and with Jacksonville, Savannah, Columbus, Macon, Columbia and Augusta in the league, and all clubs observing the salary limit, there is every reason to believe that the season will be a big success. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. FIRST HALF. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. .Won. Lost. PC. Chattanooga .......... 45 16 .738 Savinnah ............. 30 36 .455 Columbus .............. 40 25 .615 Jacksonville .......... 30 36 .455 Augusta ............... 31 35 .464 Macon ................. 28 38 .424 Charleston ............ 28 33 .459 Columbia .............. 24 38 .387 SECOND HALF. Club. Won. Lost. PC Club. Won. Lost. PC. Augusta ............... 33 14 .702 Knoxville ............ 24 27 .471 Chattanooga .......... 37 20 .649 Macon ................. 21 30 .412 Columbus ............. 32 24 .572 Jacksonville .......... 17 34 .333 Savannah ............. 30 25 .545 Columbia .............. 18 38 .321 PLAY OFF. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Chattanooga .......... 4 3 .5711Augusta ............... 3 4 .429 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1904-Macon ........................598 1907-Charleston ...620 1905-Macon .......................625 1908-Jacksonville .694 1906-Savannah ................. 637

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Virginia League 249

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Illinois-Missouri League 253

Illinois-Missouri Leadue BY A. G. BROWN, MONMOUTH, ILL. The Illinois-Missouri League was organized in the spring of 1908 with the cities of Galesburg, Monmouth, Canton, Macomb, and Havana in Illinois, and Hannibal in Missouri, members. Hannibal was released in the fall of 1908, that it might enter the Central Association, and Havana disposed of its franchise to Beardstown. Pekin was awarded the Hannibal berth. Entering upon the season of 1909 with an unsually compact circuit the league's record developed into one of success from the first, the six clubs playing to upwards of 150,000 with a 126-game schedule. Pekin, one of the infants of the league, led in attend- ance, with 33,000; Galesburg ranked second, and Monmouth, with- out Sunday ball, played to upward of 22,000. The salary limit was placed at $900, exclusive of manager, but as a matter of fact practically all the clubs were over the limit. The pennant race developed into as pretty a contest as was ever staged in a Class D league, ending in a victory for the Mon- mouth Browns only one day before the close of the season. Beardstown, Pekin, and Monmouth were the chief contenders dur- ing the latter part of the race, with Macomb a factor in the early stages. In the middle of the season the four teams were bunched, Monmouth one day leading and the next day being in fourth place. With over a hundred points separating it from the next highest team six weeks before the season ended the Monmouth team took a slump, while Beardstown and Pekin were forcing ahead, unex- pected weaknesses in both the Macomb and Galesburg teams aiding the Pekinese and Beardstown squads in their task of tumbling the leaders. The Illinois-Missouri, although young and a Class D league, attracted an unusual number of big league scouts during the season and probably sold or had drafted as many promising players as: any "D" organization in the country. The Monmouth club led the league in this respect. The Boston Nationals set a record for the league when they purchased Hosea Siner, second sacker of the pennant winners, early in July for $1,000. Three of the other pennant winners went by draft to the big leagues-catcher Hart to the Cubs, and subsequently to Louisville; outfielder Williams to the St. Louis Americans, and Omer Hardgrove to the Indian- apolis American Association team. Beardstown sold Kommers, its sensational hitter, to the New York Giants and shortstop Scanlon to the Philadelphia Americans. Alexander of Galesburg went to the Indianapolis team by sale. The prospects of the league are bright. With the close of the season Galesburg and Monmouth were both released by the Illinois- Missouri, each being an applicant for admission into the larger Central Association. The Galesburg club was awarded the Water- loo franchise and the Monmouth club finally succeeded in cap- turing the Jacksonville berth. Macomb, Canton, Beardstown and Pekin remain members, but despite the hole left in the circuit by the release of Galesburg and Monmouth, officials of the Illinois- Missouri are already completing arrangements for the filling of the gap, with the possible enlargement of the league to an eight- club circuit. A number of hustling Base Ball towns are seeking membership, for the Illinois-Missouri has proven a success and it is realized that a franchise in it is worth something. . The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete

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Eastern Carolina League 257

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,MCt'HERSON TEAM-KANSAS STATE LEAGUE.

Kansas State League 261

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PITCHERS' RECORDS. Name and Club. G. W. T,.BB.SO. PC. Name and Club. C. W. L.BB.SO. PC. Stanley. Hut., 32 23 6 0?t 148 .79. Smith. Hilt.. 12 7 3 29 68 .700 Hunt, Hut., 13 9 3 32 76 ,750 Hassler, Lyons, 37 25 11 81 193 .694

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I - - ---, u -, r"I . - , r ,waIm; D, Vyysgocil; 6, Ragan; 7, Milligan; 8, Prout, Mgr.; 9, Evans; 10, Forney; 11, Mc- Lear; 12, Slapnicka; 13, Eberts; 14, Hamilton. Tomlson, Photo. HANNIBAL TEAM-CENTRAL ASSOCIATION.

Central Association 265

Keokuk finished third, after having taken the lead near the end of the season and looked like a possible winner. Several double-headers in succession, however, was hard on the pitching staff, and the spurt could not be maintained. The Kewanee Boilermakers were dangerous contenders at all stages of the race. A slugging team always, this club could bat out victories under the most unexpected conditions. At one time Kewanee looked dangerously like a pennant grabber and Manager Connors bent every energy, but fate conspired against him, and fourth was the best that could be landed. Among the second division teams Waterloo played the most consistent ball during the season, leading the second four after getting away to a miserably poor start at the opening of the season. Manager Boyle figured too strongly on raw material and his players fell down at a time when it was impossible to readily and quickly replace them. With all the had luck that piled up, Waterloo stood by Manager Boyle, and the close of the season was celebrated by entrance into the Three-Eye League after the Central had ousted Waterloo on account of its inaccessibility. With his usual fighting spirit, Boyle set out to force the Central

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 245 to retain Waterloo, but when an opportunity presented itself to get a franchise in the Three-Eye, the fight was given up and the Waterloo management gladly entered the Class B organization. Quincy was next in the second division, this humble standing being the results of many kinds and great quantities of bad luck which followed the club from the early part of the season. The club made a good start under the management of Louis Cook, formerly manager of the Rock Island club in the Three-Eye League, hut about the second month a slump struck the team, which nothing could stop. Jacksonville and Ottumwa were never in the race at any time during the season. Both clubs changed managers and were up against various kinds of ill luck that would have discouraged many a city, but both clung to the game, and when Jacksonville was dropped it made a game fight to be retained in the circuit. Failing in that it linked its fate with the new league that was formed in Illinois, known as the Prairie State League. The season as' a whole was a very successful one, financially and otherwise. In spite of the inclement weather, which pre- vented most of the big holiday games, the attendance was the greatest in the history of the organization, and was within a very few of the total attendance secured by the Three-Eye League. As a money maker the league excelled the sister organization, and in the interest in the pennant race the Central could not have been headed by any other organization in Base Ball. The administration of President M. E. Justice was so satisfac- tory that he was unanimously re-elected at the annual meeting at Burlington, at which time the Waterloo and Jacksonville clubs were dropped for business reasons. During the season President Justice had many hard matters to decide. but gave his decisions' r1 as he thought was for the best interest of all concerned. The vacancies left by the dropping of Waterloo and Jacksonville were filled by taking in Monmouth and Galesburg, two cities making the circuit far more compact than heretofore and saving every club a great amount of expense in travel on the railroads. The outlook for the coming year is a very bright one for the league. The class of managers secured is high. Burlington has Phil Geier, well known to the Base Ball world; Hannibal will likely be managed by Prout again: Keokuk retains Belt, so suc- cessful last year: Kewanee will again be under the direction of the "Silent" Connors; Quincy has secured Bade Myers from the Cen- tral League and expects' to be in the running from the sound of - the gong; Ottumwa will follow the leadership of the ever-success- ful Egan, and the new members will be under the management of capable men. Galesburg was managed last year by Bert Hough, formerly Hannibal's leader, who will attempt to pilot the Gales- burg club to a good position in the Central. The Central will try to secure a higher classification in the coming season and will likely be successful. Alreadv the standard of the league in every respect other than the population of its cities has been up to that of most Class B organizations. The attempt to reconstruct the circuits of the Three-Eye and Central was opposed by the president and majority of the clubs in the Central. making it impossible to accomplish anything in this direction. The movement was a favorable one in the Three-Eye circles, but the directors of the Central felt that they were better off as conditions' existed. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDTNG'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents.

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STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON, 1909. Bur. Han.IKuk.Kew. Wat. Qcy. Jax. Ott. Won. PC. Burlington .............. . 9 10 11 10 14 17 12 83 .620 Hannibal ................ 11 .. 9 9 12 13 14 15 83 .610 Keokuk ................. 10 11 .. 8 11 10 12 18 80 .584 Kewanee . .............. 7 10 11 .. 10 11 11 13 73 .544 Waterloo ............... 10 8 9 9 .. 10 8 10 64 .481 Quincy ................. 5 6 9 7 10 . 5 662 .459 Jacksonville ............ 0 4 7 9 8 10 .. 8 46 .354 , Ottumwa ...............8 5 2 8 8 5 12 48 .345 Lost ................. 51 53 57 61 69 73 84 91 CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1904-Ottumwa .................... .657 1907-Waterloo ........ ....... ; .637 1905-Ottumwa . ............ .613 1908-Waterloo ................... 704 1906-Burlington ................. .681 INDIVIDUAL BATTING. Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. 2B. 3B.HR.TB.SH.SB. PC. Pierce, Burlington .............. 17 50 6 17 1 0 0 18 6 0 .340 Severoid, Burlington ............ 25 63 6 19 2 1 0 23 2 1 .302 Fenney, Ottumwa-Burlington .... 122 457 75 137 24 3 0 167 5 46 .300 Collins, Burlington .............. 83 285 48 85 16 3 0 106 20 34 .298 Evans, Hannibal ................ 122 403 62 119 21 2 3 153 30 27 .295 Copeland, Burlington ............ 3 98 12 29 4 1 0 25 6 8 .296 Lemon, Burlington .............. 102 340 58 99 17 3 2 128 15 31 .291 INDIVIDUAL FIELDING. FIRST BASEMEN. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PC. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. PC. Evans, Hannibal, 74 703 32 9 .988 Wise, Ottumwa, 18 220 11 4 .983 Miller, Keokuk, 138 1331 70 20 .986 Claire, Kewanee, 111 1049 77 23 .980 SECOND BASEMEN. Dang, Quincy, 19 49 39 1 .989 Brand, Ottumwa, 132 304 327 23 .965' Prout, Hannibal, 124 294 270 19 .967|Littlejohn,Jack.-Qcy. 99 236 208 17 .963 THIRD BASEMEN. , Burg, Burling., 60 65 144 8 .963|Corriden, Keokuk, 143 194 364 43 .928 Ragan, Hannibal, 128 169 252 19 .957|Pennington, Wat., 130 156 274 35 .925 SHORTSTOPS. , Olson, Waterloo, 124 240 402 35 .9481Reeves, Ottumwa, 132 213 435 45 .935 Berte, Jacks.-Keo., 120 218 342 33 .944|Crandall, Kewanee, 59 151 199 25 .933 OUTFIELDERS. Curtis, Waterloo, 139 296 17 2 .9941Everett, Hannibal, 51 61 2 1 .984 Connor, Kewanee, 104 188 9 3 .985|Cruickshank, Wat., 99 104 12 2 .983 PITCHERS. Hickman, Ottumwa, 37. 8 110 0 1000 Pressey, Ke.-Han., 26 8 46 0 1000 Vyskocil, Hannibal,, 41 11 106 0 1000 Morrow, Quincy, 11 8 27 0 1000 CATCHERS. Severold, Burling., 19 92 16 0 1000 Pierce, Burling., 16 97 25 2 .984 Forney, Hannibal, 95 575 96 10 .985 Lizette, Waterloo, 77 446 99 10 .982 PITCHERS' RECORDS. - Opponents � Name and Club. G. IP. AB H. R. HB.EB.SO.WP.W. L. T. N. PC. Grimes, Kewanee ....... 32 279 1050 189 77 18 78 126 4 23 8 1 0 .742 ' -" Hendricks, Burling ..... 12 101 346 67 16 3 21 86 0 8 3 0 It .727 �s s Spencer, Burlington ..... 50 350 1293 262 113 7 70 184 4 27 13 0 10 .675 Boyd, Burlington ....... 44 ;-29 1201 223 111 14 73 190 9 23 12 2 7 .657

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Ohio State League 271

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. PO. A. E.PB.PC. Name and Club. G. PO. A. E.PB.PC. 8 267 88 4 5 .989 Fohl, Lima, 110 646 136 14 10 .982 7 341 95 7 9 .984 R. W'ms, Lane. 103 604 113 15 16 .980 PITCHERS' RECORDS. G. W. L. PC. Name and Club. G. W. L. PC. 11 5 1 .833 Kaler, Lima, 30 20 7 741 13 8 2 .800 Pennybaker, Lima, 29 19 9 679

Southern Michigan League 273

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 253 beat Saginaw the next day, and Flint could win by taking both games of her double header with Jackson, or could force a post. season series by breaking even. How the teams fought is shown not only by the Saginaw result, but by the statement that Jackson which, on Sunday, couldn't win the flag anyway, beat Flint 1 to 0 in the first game and played her a 0 to 0 nine-inning tie in the second, which darkness ended. These teams, in twenty-nine innings, scored but three runs. In every way it was a successful season-the best, it is fair to say, that the league has enjoyed. But one change had been made in the circuit, Adrian having replaced Tecumseh. At no time was there a threat of loss of a club, and a majority of the Associations conducted their teams at a financial profit. At the annual meeting, held shortly after the close of the season, the league continued the sane circuit. The only change in this sense was that Adrian, which had operated in 1909 on a con- ditional agreement with a franchise surrender provision, was admitted to full membership on terms of equality with its asso- ciates. The present circuit is the most compact played over by any league in organized ball that may be regarded as an organi- zation of assured permanency. In the playing sense the league was stronger than in any of its three preceding years. It was again dipped into heavily by organizations of higher class, sending over twenty players to other leagues, a majority of these going to the majors' or to Class A clubs. Detroit took Ball of Adrian, the Chicago Cubs got Cook of Adrian, Keener of Kalamazoo and Cole of Bay City; the Boston Nationals secured Couchman of Bay City, the St. Louis Ameri- cans bought Kusel of Saginaw, and Brooklyn took Webster of Bay City. Ten men went to Columbus, Toledo, Indianapolis, Rochester and Los Angeles, of the top-notch National Association division. There were a remarkably large number of extra-inning and low-score games. The only drawback to the race was the fact that three clubs were virtually out of it all season. Bay City got away well, and was always a pennant possibility until after the season was half done. Kalamaz6o was in the first division prac- tically all season. The schedule called for 126 games, but for the coming year, believing that last year's' attendances advise such a change, the league has decided on a 140-games season, starting on May 11 and closing on September 25. Joe S. Jackson of the Detroit Free Press was elected president for the fifth time, at the annual meeting, and James Frank of the Jackson Patriot was chosen secretary-treasurer, succeeding Dr. Percy R. Glass. The ambitious nature of the coming season is shown by announcements made at the January meeting that three clubs, at least, will make training trips this spring-the only Class D League of which this statement may be made. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Club. Won. Lost. PC. Saginaw ............... 73 52 .584 Bay City ............. 59 66 .478 Flint .................. 72 52 .581 Lansing ............... 55 69 .443 Jackson ............... 71 52 .577 Adrian ................ 52 73 .416 Kalamazoo ............ 64 60 .516 Battle Creek ......... 52 74 .413

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254 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1906--MIt. Clemens ............... .670 1908-Saginaw .................... .581 1907-Tecumseh ..... ............ .6221 INDIVIDUAL BATTING. Name and Club. AB.R.1B.SII.SB.I'C. Name and Club. AB.R.1B.SH.SB.PC. Henderson, Ad., 248 32 85 9 17 .343 Fullerton, Ad., 350 55 105 24 31 .300 Wagner, Kal., 292 51 99 26 28 .339 Thomas, Sag., 285 32 85 15 9 .298 Martin, Kal., 373 51 123 44 39 .330 Cogswell, Flint, 400 48 118 16 7 .295 Cook, Ad., 64 8 21 3 2 .328 McKillen, Bat. Ck. 44 3 13 3 2 .295 Ball, Adrian, 466 94 14115 55 .303 Keener, Kal., 367 44 108 5 14 .294 Roth, Flint, 424 47 127 20 9 .300 Freeland, Bat.Ck. 155 18 45 4 5 .290 INDIVIDUAL FIELDING. FIRST BASEMEN. Name and Club. PO. A. E. PC. Name and Club. PO. A. E. PC. Wright, Flint, 567 40 8 .987 Schlatter, Jack., 1255 99 24 .983 Webster, Bay C., 894 54 10 .986 Comstock, Bay C., 338 51 12 .970 SECOND BASEMEN. Wagner, Kal., 304 231 35 .955|Parker, Jack., 291 380 34 .952 Vandergrift Adrian, 130 162 14 .954 Brown, Flint, 310 345 35 .949 THIRD BASEMEN. Britton, Saginaw, 34 74 3 .9731Evans, Jack., 173 216 18 .956 Darringer, Sag., 109 222 14 .959 Fullerton, Adrian, 132 174 20 .939 . * SHORTSTOPS. Fabrique, Jack., 263 351 38 .9421Hadley, Flint, 262 355 41 .938 Ehlens, Lansing, 230 211 34 .9391Henderson, Bay C., 177 282 32 .935 OUTFIELEERS. Hessberger, Jack., 834 77 16 .995|Weinberg, Bat. Ck., 360 13 4 .989 Kelley, Kal., 154 19 2 .989 Kearney, Lan., 133 20 2 .987 PITCHERS. Pearson, Jack., 7 34 1 .976|Kusel, Saginaw, 15 79 3 .969 Lagoe, Kal., 38 63 6 .971 Wood, Saginaw, 4 53 2 .969 CATCHERS. Matteson. Jack., 537 107 10 .9851Hilderbrand, Flint, 876 101 19 .981 Martin, Kal., 708 113 15 .9821Draher, Sagir.aw, 349 68 8 .891 Players playing in more than one position. Beasley, Adrian, 102 15 2 .9831Henderson, Adrian, 800 99 24 .974 Mauch, Lansing, 225 46 7 .975 Love, Lansing, 637 173 29 .965 I ITCHERS' RECORDS. Name and Club. G. W. L PC. Name and Club. G. . L. PC. Criger, Jack., 29 22 7 .75C Reynolds. Saginaw, 12 8 4 .667 Kusel, Saginaw, 29 22 7 .750 Pearson, Jack., 15 10 5 .667

Central Kansas League 277

I t I, t e r e L

278

, -': . : . , .... .. . . . - . . . . - , . :~~':: I:: �- '' ...":��:�. . � - ..~ :. -�.� :��.�.�.. �.::�--

279

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., .. ml1ln: Z. iAlnnanan; 3, Lothrop; 4, J. McCarthy; 5, Kelly; 6, Wetherell; 7, Schmick; 8, J. C. Smith; 9. Myers; 10, A. McCarthy; :11, Miller; 12, Klock: 13, Corbett: 14, Ochs. A.tDERSON TEAM-CAROLINA ASSOCIATION.

Carolina Association 281

.Ot L-LktllUUl-r, U MllU F LL1I lC t;Ut:i011 UI' - LVtL ouru ,.U-, . Carlton Beusse, finished last. For the first two months Spartan- burg looked like champions, but factional fights put them on the toboggan and they wound up the season with a string of fifteen defeats. From an artistic standpoint the 1909 season in this association was a success, but financially some of the clubs were unsuccessful, this being attributed largely to the unusually bad weather condi- tions. In one city twenty games were postponed on account of rain. The high grade of ball played in the Carolina Association is proven by the number of players sold or drafted to higher league clubs, several of the youngsters going to the National and American Leagues. Notable among these were Touchstone, the star twirler of the Greenville club, who was accorded the title of the "Boy Wonder," who went to the Cleveland club; Meyers, Anderson's crack shortstop, who was sold to Brooklyn; Dent, a husky young pitcher, who went from the Winston club to Brooklyn; Anthony, the premier fielder of the Greensboro team, who was drafted by the Boston Americans; Redmond of Winston, who went to Brook- lyn, and Schmick, an Anderson twirler, who went to Cleveland. Besides these a number of players were drafted by Class A and B clubs, but with all of this a number of promising youngsters were left with each club as a nucleus for this season.

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283

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Blue Grass League 285

263

286

287

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California State League 288

266 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 1 California State League BY FRANK HERMAN, President., The California State League divided its season of 1909 into two parts, the first half of the season ending July 11, while the second half ran well into the month of October. Stockton captured the honors in the first half, while Oakland finished first in the second half. In the post-season series, a dispute arose regarding the playing off of a protested game, and the pennant was awarded to Oakland, which club had won four out of the seven games played, counting the game that had been protested by the Stockton manager. Last year proved to be the final season for the California State j League as' an outlaw organization.' At the Memphis convention of the Minor Leagues' Association the famous independent league of the Golden State was admitted to membership, and this year will play under the banner of organized Base Ball, with class B rating. -- The league made a determined fight against great odds. In fact, the struggle became so bitter during the spring months, that its star players were offered fabulous salaries by the managers of the Pacific Coast League, with the result that the pay-rolls of both organizations reached the high-water mark in short order. There were so many high-class players in the outlaw league that the National Commission, in an effort to crush out the independents, issued an edict which provided that all contract-jumpers and players held under reserve by clubs in organized Base Ball should rejoin their old clubs prior to May 1, 1909, or suffer the penalty of three and five years' suspension. Even such a harsh measure as this failed to have the desired effect, as there were few desertions and most of the crack players were wearing outlaw uniforms when the final gun boomed in October. However, the strain proved too great for two of the clubs, and at the end of the first half Santa Cruz and San Jose tossed up the sponge. The most proficient players of these two clubs, however, were signed by the remaining four clubs, and the league finished the season with a four-club circuit. The outlaws spent thousands of dollars to get the patronage in Oakland and San Francisco, and Manager Cy Moreing, Jr., of the Oakland club had one of the best equipped and prettiest Base Ball parks in the country erected in the heart of the city of Oakland. As luck would have it, however, the San Francisco "Seals" got a winning start in the Coast League and won the pennant, while Oakland got off badly in the spring and only showed its true form in the closing months. The standing of the clubs and the averages of the leaders in Batting and Fielding in 1909 are given herewith. The complete official records are published in SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD, for sale by all newsdealers, price 10 cents. FIRST HALF. Club. Stock. S.C. Oak.S.J. SanF.Fres. W'on. PC. Stockton ........................... . 10 14 10 11 18 63 .685 Santa Cru .. ........................ 5 20 18 12 62 633 Oakland ......................... 10 9 .. 16 11 16 62 608 San Jose ........................ 5 8 10 .. 9 2 34 .382 San Francisco ..................... 3 4 6 6 .. 15 34 .351 Fresno ............................. 4 5 5 3 14 .. 31 .330 Lost............................ 29 36 40 55 63 63

289

Western Canada League 290

i i so

291

12, Neldenfear; 13, McDonough. Kossle Studio, Photo. REGINA TEAM-WESTERN CANADA LEAGUE.

292

uriN AXs ' TBEAM--WISCONSIN-ILLINOIS LEAGUE.

Wisconsin-Illinois League 293

271

294

295

278

296

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Minnesota-Wisconsin League 297

I 1-V 11U:e U11 U LMC U clIUM V L1 111ino 11%At; % CJ-L t o Vulc I Johri Elliott of L~aCrosse, Wis., a man experienced In Base i Ball in the Wrisconsin-'IlIlin ois Lea gue, and who knows the require- - -.b ments of successful teams and also a successful circuit, was

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299

R SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 277 elected president of the new Minnesota-Wisconsin League. Much credit is due to the energy and clear judgment of Mr. Elliott for the success of the new organization. The Minnesota-Wisconsin season started May 16 and wound up on Labor Day, September 6. Until past the midseason mark the teams of the southern end of the circuit had much the better of the argument. Duluth and Superior started the season in the southern end of the circuit, as a natural result of climatic conditions, and upon the return from the first trip, both of the northern end teams were at the bottom of the percentage column. In fact, until Duluth got into its stride, after the middle of the season, it looked as if Winona would take the pennant and that Duluth would trail along in fifth, or possibly sixth, place. The fact of the matter was that the league was playing much faster ball than the old Northern League, and Mr. Kuehnow, the manager of the Duluth team, had really not prepared for such a fast break- away. He lost no time in securing more players when it was seen that the material that started the season with Duluth was not fast enough for the other teams. When Duluth really begun to get into its full Base Ball stride, with both in and outfields strength- ened, it probably presented as fine a Class C team as has won a pennant in the Northwest for some seasons. But fast as the Duluth team was, LaCrosse. Winona and Rn Claire played fast enough Base Ball through the last half of the season to keep right on the heels of the fast-going Wlite Sox. The climb of the Duluth team infused greater interest in the race. It was a sharp and well contested battle between four teams for the bunting. Duluth was by all odds the best at-home team, while r V Winona proved a good traveler, but only a fair winner at home. Eau Claire and LaCrosse played good, both at home and on the road, and were in the fight until the last few games. Added to the fact that the race in the Minnesota-Wisconsin League was close is the fact that the article of Base Ball was much faster than the grade of Base Ball played in the same towns that were in the Wisconsin-Illinois League, as LaCrosse and 67 Wausau, and in the Northern League, of which Duluth was a mem- g ~ber in the old days of Base Ball in the Northwest. Taking into consideration the general management of the affairs of the new league, the fast article of Base Ball, the insistence upon the part of the club owners of discipline and gentlemanly conduct, little delay in starting the games, the closeness of the race and the _. closeness of many of the deciding games, as well as the many games that bore so vital an importance in the race for the flag, it is little wonder that the first season of the organization was a thorough and unqualified success. One of the reasons for the interest shown in the league to the very last game of the season almost was the fact that there were three teams bunched right up to the very closing games. Duluth, Winona and LaCrosse were running almost neck and neck up to the closing week of the season, when Duluth nosed out with a few games to spare. The fast Base Ball and the fact that there were a number of young players worth watching was made apparent by the frequent visits of major league scouts to the various cities of the circuit during the latter part of the season. Duluth made a record that was unusual in the extreme by having seven of its players called to higher company. Marion, Dauss and Schmirler, pitchers; Breen, Kohl and Mc- r Crone, infielders, ana Mueller, catcher, were drafted. Marion was drafted by the St. Louis Nationals, Breen by the Boston Nationals, Kohl and Dauss by the St. Paul American Association team, Muel-

300

, f X",,

301

Pennsylvania-West Virginia League 302

303

304

31 177 24 4 .980 49 228 63 8 .97y

Pennant Winners in 1909 305

I�

306

Attendance in 1909 307

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 285 Attendance in 1909 That more spectators should have attended the games of the major leagues in 1909 than were present in 1908 is not surprising. It would have been surprising if there were not more. Unusual inducement, in the way of hard-fought and spectacular contests for the championships, were not so much the reason for this as the fact of the very close race in 1908, concerning which excitement had not died out by the beginning of the spring of 1909, and the fact that so many improvements were made at the more important parks throughout the United States. Quite naturally, when the Polo Ground in New York was made one of the most capacious and best appointed Base Ball play- grounds in the country-a veritable stadium in fact-it might be anticipated that more spectators would attend the games in the metropolis, providing the amusement were up to the standard which had been maintained through the most prosperous days of the game. When the Pittsburg club expended thousands of dollars to build one of the most luxurious steel and concrete stands ever provided for an outdoor pastime, it would have been folly to assume that the club would not have done a wonderfully good business, espe- cially in view. of the fact that in the same year it was fortunate enough to be in the front fight of the clubs competing for the pennant. The Chicago National League club and the Cincinnati National League club, in the past, had proved that they were well recom- pensed by building larger and more substantial stands for the comfort of their patrons. The better the facilities, the larger the I' crowds. Indeed, the crowds showed a disposition to go to the s, games, whether they expected championship Base Ball or not, simply because they could be amused in comfort, and until these moder triumphs of building had been provided the thousands were not always comfortable and could scarcely be blamed for remaining away, unless. their home club happened to be an impor- tant factor in the race. C4 Look at the thousands who patronized the Philadelphia Ameri- can League club after the stands were improved in that city and coincident with that take into consideration the increased patronage which had been devoted to the Philadelphia National League club after its improved stand, which dates back many years, but which, at the time of its completion, was the leading outdoor pavilion of the United States. There was nothing in the past year which would indicate that Base Ball would not be better patronized, with better accommoda- tions for spectators, and there was everything which went to prove that better accommodations were as alluring in many ways as better Base Ball. Patronage showed a disposition to include that more conserva- tive social element, which it has always been the effort of the higher class Ball Ball club owners to reach. Base Ball is a game for the masses, but it is going to be a great deal better game for the masses when they bring their wives, daughters and sweethearts to see the contests, and the trend of the national game is rapidly in that direction. Naturally the attendance at the Polo Ground in New York was larger than at any other city. Given a Base Ball club which is l ' vigorously in the fight for the championship and New York will patronize it most generously. It is very probable that the New I'\

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 281 York American League club would increase its patronage one-third if it happe(ned to be in the direct race for the pennant. Unfor- tunately the club has not been that successful. When both New York and Philadelphia are moderately successful, after New York Philadelphia may always be expected to be a close rival.. Sometimes Philadelphia outstrips New York. So in 1909 the patronage at the American League games in Philadelphia was unusually generous, because there was a splendid race which brought forth the spectators by thousands. Next to New York and Philadelphia comes Boston. It is one of the greatest Base Ball centers in the United States and with a championship team is as likely to race ahead of New York and P hiladelphia as it is to be behind them. Chicago, in spite of the inability of either of the clubs to win a championship in 1909, did a wonderfully good business. The total attendance of both of the major leagues was larger ~s last year than it was in 1908 by thousands. If the race in the National League had been closer it is possible that the difference would have run up to one million. Thousands of Base Ball admirers *learned that with enlarged facilities they could find seats when they attended games, instead of being compelled to stand up, and they attested their apprecia- tion by increasing their patronage. So the owners of the clubs were well repaid in the very first season of their experiments by the generous response of the admirers of the game. Judging by the good results of the season of 1909 it would appear that the season to come will be even more remunerative, in view of the fact that grounds other than those which have improved their structures will enter upon new campaigns with fixtures of the most moder type. Cleveland, Detroit and the Chicago Americans are all to add to the excellence of their parks permanent buildings of recent architectural design and fireproof material. As the editor of the GUIDE stated in the last issue, these fig- ures of attendance which are published are not official nor do they pretend to be official. Yet they are valuable as an idea of the prosperity of the national game. In the cities of Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Philadelphia and Boston the attendance is given out by the owners of both clubs. In the other cities it is not. Nor must the reader of the GUIDB take it for granted that these figures are solely those of paid admissions. They include the free admissions as well, and in some cities, where the demands on the part of favored officials are very large, the number of passes is also 'very large. It is unfortunate that such is the case, but there are few Base Ball clubs which are free from political interference, although, be it said to the credit of the great majority of Base Ball patrons, they are exceed- ingly vehement in their denouncement of municipal officials who use Base Ball clubs to further their personal ends by demanding from them free tickets of admission. The attendance at cities, other than those which give the figures to the press, has been estimated. In order that the attendance a In New York might be published as accurately as possible the figures published by a Philadelphia newspaper, which collected the attendance at the Base Ball grounds of the United States, were taken in preference to any which were published in New York, in order that impartiality as well as accuracy might be served. ., The general total for the season is as follows:

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311

CHICAGO. CLEVELAND. AT HOME, ABROAD, AT HOME. ABROAD. Bos., 62,500 Boston, 19,149 Boston, 45,066 Boston, 130,193 Bklyn., 90,500 Bklyn., 44,700 Chicago, 57,299 Chic., 60,700 Cinc., 74,500 Cinc., 58,500 Detroit, 47,020 Detroit, 94,376 New Y., 157,000 New Y., 162,000 New Y., 37,688 New Y., 51,500 Phila., 67,826 Phila., 58,278 Phila., 47,368 Phila., 85,583 Pitts., 134,478 Pitts., 152,163 St. L., 54,864 St. L., 81,300 St. L., 81,200 St. L., 86,000 Wash., 35,063 Wash., 14,279 Total, 668,034 Total, 580,790 Total, 324,368 Total, 517,931

312

Ativa Oy , ounion and vanOeyen. A GROUP OF NEW YORK AMERICANS, 1909.

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291

The Dead of 1909 314

T I 4 1 i i I:

315

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 293 clubs in the National League, after a year's experience with this Board at the head of its affairs. demurred at what they affirmed was "too much circumlocution for a business which demanded immediate action." The league, on the motion of James A. Hart of Chicago, decided to return to the original plan of an individual President, but hesitated as' to the selection of a candidate, until Mr. Hart nomi- nated Mr. Pulliam who was unanimously elected. At the time of his election the National League was facing one of those wars between leagues engaged in promoting the national pastime, and the new President, at the very outset of his Base Ball career, was thrown actively into a fight to preserve the prestige and rights of his organization. The force of his ability and energy, combined with circumstances ^^P which were immediately in his favor in the Eastern half of the circuit, resulted in a quick rebuilding of the administrative affairs of his association, and by the end of two years the National League had regained its great prestige as the senior circuit in Base Ball, and had entered upon a career of prosperity which has since been unbroken. Although success brings with it reward it also brings, at times, differences of opinion, especially where there is a combination of minds, with the same purpose in view, but with different ideas as to how the common good and welfare shall be effected. Not all of the executive orders of the League President met with unanimous approval. Friction arose between him and those who had been his warmest friends, and with friction argument soon developed, and argument led to acrimony. The peace of the Na- tional League was at an end, so far as harmony between all of its component parts was concerned, although the organization as a whole abided by the conditions of its agreement. *((1 Toward the latter part of his life the President of the League lived unto himself. Brooding brought melancholy, and melancholy unsettled a mind that was not molded to bear care. Then came the end. As President of the National League of Base Ball clubs, no, matter what his mistakes may have been-and who is there human JA who is infallible ?-Harry Clay Pulliam left to the memory of his friends and to the honor of his organization one of the most glorious periods in the history of the oldest high-class profes- sional circuit of sport in the United States. He was fearless in action because he was confident of the justice of his cause. He was as honest to other leagues as he was to his own. He was the friend of the ball player, and no man ever was , more insistent that the ball player should have his rights. He was loyal to his clubs, for he insisted that the players should return full measure for the benefits which they received. His policies were meant for tae best, and many of the disagree- ments which arose between him and his associates were more as ; ' to the manner in which policies were enforced than as to the virtues of the theories' which he promulgated. No Base Ball games were played in the major leagues on the day of his funeral in Louisville, Ky. Base Ball men and men distinguished in official and civil life gathered at his bier in the beautiful home of the dead where they laid his body away. Floral � tributes of rare beauty were heaped in profusion upon the mound which surmounts his grave and perpetually that which remains ! ' of the body will not be without its mantle of flowers. I He sleeps and who would w ake him? The night came and with . it rest. His memory will last while there are men who sat with ^, him in the genial charm of his upright ways.

316

294 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. GEORGE B. DOVEY George B. Dovey, President of the Boston Base Ball club of the National League, died on June 19, 1909, while a passenger on a railway train which was bound from Pittsburg to Cincinnati. 4 Mr. Dovey had not long been a member of the National League circuit, having purchased the Boston club from the well-known triumvirate, Messrs. Soden, Conant and Billings, in 1906. From that time until his death he was at the head of the organization which he represented. He was born in Philadelphia, Pa., but early in life removed to Central City, Ky. Extensive coal property was owned by the Dovey family in that section which required his attention. Unfor - tunately, the Dovey mine became flooded from a hidden river, which had its source in the Mammoth Cave, and the efforts of the owners being inadequate to pump it dry, the mine was abandoned and Mr. Dovey turned his attention to railway interests. While a resident of Kentucky, he was identified with Base Ball in an amateur way, and both himself and brother played on nines which were prominent in that section. Both of them were mem- bers at one time of the Base Ball team in Paducah, Ky., which was operated by Barney Dreyfuss. In manner he was a simple, genial, whole-souled man with a kindly way of talking, which provoked no enemies. His associates grew to be very fond of him. His friends increased daily. His personal popularity would have drawn a tremendous following to him if he had been able to put a winning combination in Boston. As it was, he greatly increased the business of the Boston club. At the time of his death Mr. Dovey was forty-seven years of age. His body was interred in Mount Moriah Cemetery in Phila- delphia. Representatives of all the National League clubs at- tended the services. No games were played in the National League S on the day of the funeral. The honorary pallbearers were Acting President John A. Heydler of the National League, President Harry C. Pulliam of the Na- tional League, Charles H. Ebbets of the Brooklyn club, Barney Dreyfuss of the Pittsburg club, Frederick Locke of the Boston club, William Shettsline and William Murray of the Philadelphia club, Francis C. Richter of Sporting Life, Philadelphia, and John P. Mayo of Central City, Ky. The active pallbearers were Fergu- son, Lindaman, Beaumont and Dahlen of the Boston team. The floral offerings covered the casket and were rich and artistic in design. ISRAEL W. DURHAM Israel W. Durham, President of the Philadelphia club of the National League, died June 28, 1909, while seated in a chair in his cottage at Atlantic City. He was probably the only president of a club in the National League who died without attending either the annual winter meet- ing or the annual spring schedule meeting of the organization. In connection with Messrs. McNichol and Wolf, Senator Durham purchased the Philadelphia club in March, 1909, and was a prin- cipal stockholder at the time of his death. He had not been associated long enough with the game to become identified with it as a leader in methods or necessities. Strangely enough, while owner, he never had seen his team play, although he was greatly interested in its work. He was prostrated with grip when the Philadelphia club returned from the South and was compelled to go to Atlantic City to recuperate.

Unveiling of Chadwick Monument 317

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 297 I do not mean that he was such father because he invented the game or made it. Nor do I believe that you who have erected this monument mean that he was its inventor. Fifty years ago the game was a development. To-day it is still a development. And fifty years from now it will yet be a development. Many minds have had their share in this labor. It is by no means the work of one mind or of one pair of hands. Nor in hailing him as the 'father of base ball do I refer so much to his labor in shaping the game, formulating the rules and developing its possibilities as I do to that firm attitude of his, ever insistent that it should be a clean game, always an honor- able contest-a competition of manly qualities and a keen strife that should lift up the moral side. Let me be not misunderstood. To the large influence he bad upon the improvement of the game to the stage of its present rare skill I subscribe most earnestly and sincerely. In that work Henry Chadwick bore his part, a great one, with an ability and an enthusiasm that inspired all with whom he labored. But in looking back over his career of more than half a century, in the light of forty years of intimate acquaint- ance with him, that insistence, that doughty battle he waged with tongue and pen for a clean game, honorably played, looms up to me as the great achievement of his life. From that day, when crossing a Hoboken field to a game of cricket he stopped to watch some boys at play at rounders and had that vision of an improved game, glorified in the base ball of our day, until he laid down his pen for the last time, our departed friend ever, ever held true to that ideal of a clean game, honorably played, in which the manly qualities should be uppermost in a strife that should see no abatement of endeavor. For those who followed the line of his ideals there were generous words of praise and encouragement. For those who violated what he insisted were the proprieties there was the whip of his contempt and the lash of his scorn. Nor was any man so high or so powerful that he could escape castigation if in Henry Chadwick's mind he deserved such, and no man was so humble that he would not search out to give that word of praise he thought had been earned. I say, then, that Henry Chadwick held up an ideal in the beginning, was faithful to it to the end and therefore pursued the pathway of progress and of usefulness to his day and generation. More indeed. The character of the game is estab- tablished. Its success and its future is dependent on the maintenance of that character. As that character is, in large part, due to the labor of Henry Chadwick, even now, as he lies beneath this beautiful stone, his influence will go march- ing on to the years we know not of. This monument has been erected by many base ball leagues, and in doing so they make acknowledgment of all this. As the veil is drawn from its face they pay this tribute to one man's devotion of an ideal-to one who early assumed this watchful �attitude of an affectionate parent, who chided and corrected, praised and inspired-a parent's work. You do well to write in this stone "The Father of Base Ball." Mr. Ebbets then stepped toward the carriage in which Mrs. ); Chadwick had been seated and said: "Mrs. Chadwick, it now becomes my duty, in behalf of the gentlemen who have contributed toward the erection of this monu- ment and of Organized Base Ball throughout the United States, every club of which hasl contributed their proper proportion and A

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298 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. all of whom greatly respected and admired Mr. Chadwick, to release all vested rights in this monument to you." Following that the Rev. Dr. Potterton pronounced the benedic- tion. Mrs. Chadwick then received the invited guests with a delightful word for all of them. The monument was designed by Miss Florence O. Richter, daughter of Francis C. Richter, editor of Sporting Life of Phila- delphia. It is a granite shaft, shapely and massive, ten feet six inches high. Though simple in design, the monument is striking in its general aspect. It is a solid pillar of gray granite, crowned by a huge Base Ball, which has been turned from granite. On three sides of the shaft are bronze tablets-one in diamond shape, relating the age of the veteran and the part which he played in the national pastime, and the others implements symbolical of the game-the bat, mask, and glove. The National League has permanently endowed the monument with a fund for its care as well as that for the lot, which was Mr. Chadwick's personal selection, and which was presented to the deceased writer by Mr. A. G. Spalding. There will always be floral decorations at the grave during the warm season and greens and holly over the mound during the cold months of the year. It is a most fitting testimonial to a worthy man. To perpetuate the memory of "Father" Chadwick in Brooklyn, the pastor of the Church of Our Father, has made a request that contributions be forwarded by those who are interested toward a memorial window to be built into the wall of the structure. At the annual meeting of the Base Ball Writers' Association it was voted to appropriate the sum of $50 for this window and other subscriptions have been received by the church officials for the memorial. It will be commemorative of the life of the man so long associated with the national game and with the church in Brooklyn of which he was a communicant.

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o, j. u. 1r1K, rlon. vice-rres.; � , iculevltt; 1u, Jones; 11, F. H. Brennan, Pres. ''. B. B. Ass'n; 12, 'arfitt. Capt.; 13, Stegman; 14, Kyle; 15, C. McIntyre; 16, S. McIntyre; 17, Wilson. JOHANNESBURG TEAM. SOUTH AFRICA.

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SOUTH MELIOURNE TEAM, AUSTRALIA.

Victorian Base Ball League, Australia 323

901

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r- 2 ft (- c K nr C c4 w i:

University of Wisconsin vs. Japan 325

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 30 University of Wisconsin vs. Japan The visit of the University of Wisconsin Base Ball team to Japan last Fall, at the invitation of the Keio University team of Tokyo, was probably one of the most successful Base Ball inva- sions ever made by an American nine in a foreign country. It was not so successful from the standpoint of games won and lost as it was from the standpoint of pure sportsmanship. This American university nine went to Japan with the deter- mination to play the game for the sake of the game and not to win a clean sweep of victories at any cost. They determined to play the game as it should be played and to show the Japanese, who have come to know Base Ball as well as do we in America, that rowdyism has no place in Base Ball; that kicking against decisions and browbeating the umpire is' not a necessary adjunct to the game. They succeeded in their determination, and won for themselves the respect and admiration of the Japanese public. The American sporting world should not do less, but should rather hold this team of young Americans up to all its athletic teams as an example of what true sportsmen should be. The Wisconsin team played nine games in the Island Empire. The series was arranged by the Keio University Athletic Associa- tion and all the games were played at the Keio grounds at Mita Undoba, Tokyo. Four games were played with the Kelo team, which was the championship team of Japan; three with. the Waseda University team, which is the great rival of the Keio team; one game each with the Tokyo club and Tokyo-American club, the former a Japanese team composed of college graduates and the latter an American team composed of ex-college men now in Tokyo. The Keio champions defeated the Badgers the first three games by narrow margins, and in the fourth game the Wisconsin men squared accounts by winning a shut-out game by a score of 8 to 0. The first game played with Keio lasted eleven innings, ending with a 3 to 2 score, and the second game with Keio set the record for Japan, nineteen innings being played, Keio winning, 2 to 1, after a fierce struggle. The third game Keio won, 5 to 4. With Waseda Wisconsin did better, winning two out of the three games played with this team. The Tokyo club and Tokyo Ameri- cans were easily defeated by, the Badgers. The record of the Wisconsin team in the series was as follows: Sept. 22-Wisconsin 2, Keio 3 (11 innings). Sept. 26-Wisconsin 1, Keio 2 (19 innings). Sept. 28-Wisconsin 10, Tokyo Americans 0. Sept. 29-Wisconsin 8, Tokyo 7. Oct. 2-Wisconsin 7, Waseda 4. Oct. 4-Wisconsin 4, Keio 5. Oct. 7-Wisconsin 5, Waseda 0. Oct. 9-Wisconsin 0, Waseda 3. Oct. 12-Wisconsin 8, Keio 0. The Keio University team plays an excellent game of Base Ball. It is in a class with the best of American college and university teams. In fielding, base-running and throwing the ban they are fast, quick and accurate and play with an indomitable spirit. In batting and pitching they are the weakest-the first defect being due to a great extent to the second deficiency. And what is true of the Keio team may be said of the playing of all Japanese teams. The Japanese teams met by the Wisconsin team had knowledge of all the latest and best tricks of the diamond, and on several occa- sions pulled off these plays as successfully as American leaguers.

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327

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 305 One umpire officiated throughout the series-a Japanese, Mr. Nakano-an old Waseda University player, who has an excellent knowledge of the game. He was fair and unbiased in his decisions as an umpire could be, and though his decisions' based on the ground rules were in some cases costly to the Wisconsin team, it was the overlooking of such decisions during the series which won for the Americans the general approbation of the Japanese public and all foreigners who witnessed the games. The Japanese fans are decidedly different from American fans, in that they make but very little noise at the games. In fact, they did not know what to make of the Wisconsin players who talked to each other when on the field-the only fault the Japanese had to find with the American team. They sit throughout a game without making a sound, except to occasionally applaud a good play. What brought forth the admiration of the Japanese, not only the players but those who witnessed the games, was the fact that the American players', in the face of decisions which were against them and which they knew were wrong, went along with the games as if everything had been all right. When the Japanese discovered that they had not been playing according to rule and that the Americans would have won had the games been played as they should have been, they could not praise the visitors too highly. There were many banquets for the visiting players. Perhaps the most unique experience was at a banquet given them and the Keio team by the Yokahama alumni of Keio University at the Chitose ro, the largest Japanese restaurant or tea house in Yoka- hama. It was at this place and in the same banquet hall that President Taft was first introduced to Japanese feasts. The entertainment for the visiting college boys took the form of a dinner, a la Japanese, with geisha. The large dining hall con- taining over 100 mats was decorated with silk banners, garlands of flowers, lanterns, and flags of both nations, and with the bright electric lights and gorgeous kimonos of the geisha girls, the cele- brated cafe presented a brilliant spectacle. In the form of a quadrangle the sixty guests squatted on the floor in true Japanese style. The Wisconsin men had some difficulty at first in making their chop sticks work to advantage, but mas- tered them soon to their own satisfaction. Soon after the first course the red and white habutaye curtain rose and the most beautiful geisha of the port appeared on the stage and gave a series of dances. On October 12 a farewell banquet was given the men from Wisconsin by the Keio team at the Kojunsha. There were 250 plates laid. Besides the Wisconsin and Keio teams there were present the Waseda team, a number of prominent business men of Tokio and representatives of the newspapers. President Kamada of Keio University, who presided, delivered a farewell address in English, which was responded to by Dr. McCarthy in behalf of the American college men. When the steamer left the dock for the United States the Jap- anese players presented the Americans with huge wreaths of flowers. One of these days we shall have a team of Japanese students visiting the United States to play against our college men.

328

AUGUST HERRMANN. THOMAS J. LYNCH. Chairman. BAN B. JOHNSON. National League. JOHN E. BRUCE. American League. Secretary. THE NATIONAL COMMISSION.

National League 329

National Leadue STANDING OF CLUBS AT CLOSE OF SEASON. Clubs. Pitts. Chic. N.Y. Cin. Phila. Bkln. St.L. Bos. Won. P.C. Pittsburg . .......... 13 11 15 15 18 18 20 110 .724 Chicago ...... ..... 9 11 16 16 16 15 21 104 .680 New York ........11 11 .. 13 12 15 16 14 92 601 Cincinnati ........ 7 6 9 9 17 12 17 77 - .504 Philadelphia ...... 7 16 12 74 0484 Brooklyn ......... 4 5 7 5 11 .. 12 11 55 .369 St. Louis .......... 3 7 5 10 6 10 .. 13 54 .355 Boston ............ 1 1 8 5 10 11 9 .. 45 .294 Lost .......... 42 49 61 76 79 98 98 108 611 Game forfeited-By Philadelphia to New York, at New York, October 4, 1909 (second game). Games remaining unplayed-At Pittsburg, game of September 23, trans- ferred from Boston. At Chicago, game of September 22, with Brooklyn. At St. Louis, game of September 21, with New York. At St Louis, game of September 14, with Pittsburg. At Cincinnati, tie game of September 22, with Philadelphia. CHAMPIONSHIP WINNERS IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 1871-Athletics...... .759 1884-Providence ... .750 1897-Boston ........795 1872-Boston ........ .830 1885-Chicago ....... .770 1898-Boston....... 685 1873-Boston ......... 729 1886-Chicago ....... .726 1899-Brooklyn . .682 1874-Boston. ....... .717 1887-Detroit ........637 1900-Brooklyn . 603 1875-Boston ........ .899 1888-New York .....641 1901-Pittsburg. 647 1876-Chicago ........ 788 1889-New York.... .659 1902-Pittsburg.....741 1877-Boston ........ . 646 1890-Brooklyn ..... .667 1903-Pittsburg .. 650 1878-Boston ........ .683 1891-Boston ........ .630 1904-New York . 693 1879-Providence ... .702 1892-Boston ........ .680 1905-New York . 668 1880-Chicago ....... .798 1893-Boston ........ .667 1906-Chicago ....... .765 1881-Chicago ....... .667 1894-Baltimore ..... .695 1907-Chicago . 704 1882-Chicago ....... .655 1895-Baltimore..... .669 1908-Chicago ....... 643 1883-Boston ........ .643 1896-Baltimore..... .698 INDIVIDUAL BATTING. Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. TB. 2B. 3B.HR.SH.SB. PC. Wagner, Pittsburg ............. 137 495 92 168 242 39 10 5 27 35 .339 Mitchell, Cincinnati............ 145 523 83 162 225 17 17 4 15 37 .310 Seymour, New York........... 73 280 37 87 112 12 5 1 9 14 .310 Hoblitzel, Cincinnati........... 142 517 59 159 216 23 11 4 29 17 .308 Wheat, Brooklyn ............... 26 102 15 31 44 7 3 0 5 1 .304 Doyle, New York .............. 144 570 86 172 239 27 11 6 12 31 .302 Snodgrass, New York .......... 22 70 10 21 29 5 0 1 2 7 .300 Hyatt, Pittsburg ............... *49 67 9 20 31 3 4 0 1 1 .299 Bridwell, New York ........... 145 476 59 140 161 11 5 0 19 32 .294 Bransfield, Philadelphia ....... 138 527 47 154 196 27 6 1 22 17 .292 Bates, Philadelphia-Boston .... 133 502 70 146 186 26 4 2 24 37 .291 McCormick, New York ........ 110 413 68 120 156 21 8 3 9 4 .290 Clarke, Pittsburg .............. 152 550 97 158 205 16 11 3 24 31 .287 Konetchy, St. Louis............ 152 576 38 165 228 23 14 4 12 25 .286 Hofman, Chicago .............. 153 527 60 150 185 21 4 2 32 20 .286 Hulswitt, St. Louis ............ 77 289 21 81 95 8 3 0 4 7 .280 Hummel, Brooklyn ............. 145 542 54 152 197 15 9 4 31 16 .280 J. B. Miller, Pittsburg ......... 150 560 71 156 222 31 13 3 29 14 .279 ' Was substitute batsman in forty games.

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331

B.HR.SH.SB. PC. 1 2 5 4 .288 6 1 19 16 .281 3 0 12 33 .281 2 1 12 5 .280 0 1 1 2 .230 1 2- 4 0 .229 2 0 2 0 .228 0 0 2 1 .228 7 1 12 29 .226 1 2 17 14 .224 2 0 4 2 .224 0 0 4 2 .223 1 1 7 2 .221 10 1 24 10 .219 1 1 3 2 .219 3 0 8 7 .219 1 0 0 1 .214 4 2 12 10 .214 1 0 8 11 .218 5 4 14 30 .212 0 0 1 0 .212 1 0 6 11 .212 0 I. 0 0 .208 3 0 12 5 .208 0 0 1 0 .207 0 0 1 0 .204 1 0 1 3 .202 0 0 7 3 .201 1 1- 2 2 .200 0 0 3 1 .200 0 0 2 1 .199 1 3 4 6 .198 6 3 9 5 .198 2 1 14 6 .197 0 0 14 6 .194 3 0 2 1 .192 3 0 6 0 .191 1 0 4 8 .191 0 0 0 0 .190 0 0 3 0 .186 4 0 3 2 .186 1 0 16 6 .185 0 0 2 10 .185 1 0 3 6 .179 1 0 5 0 .176 0 0 2 1 .172 2 0 3 0 .171 0 0 3 1 .169 1 0 2 3 .168 0 0 7 1 .168 0 0 1 0 .167 0 0 3 0 .167 0 0 0 0 .167 1 0 2 0 .166 1 0 3 0 .160 0 0 1 1 .150 1 0 1 0 .150 0 0 3 0 .148

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333

121 167 210 16 393 .959 154 184 310 22 516 .957 23 16 39 3 58.948 151 183 299 31 513 .940 37 41 64 7 112.937 143 191 317 36 544 .934 36 32 81 8 121.934 15 25 28 4 57.930 151 214 269 37 520 .929 122 182 204 33 419 .921 112 156 243 43 442 .903 129 155 211 43 409 .896 16 11 19 10 40.750 18 45 67 4 116.965 44 93 135 10 238.958 26 66 83 9 158.943 145 269 441 45 755 .940 136 34443049 823.940 143 320 470 50 840 .940 141 352 484 54 890 .939 65 147 200 26 373 .930 29 68 89 13 170 .t4 105 190 310 47 547 .914 119 260 363 62 685 .909 49 101 184 29 314 .908 73 13321340 386.896 19 40 52 11 103.893 36 57 84 18 159 .887 16 17 41 8 66 .879 17 33 2 0 351000 19 25 2 0 271000 45 82 5 1 88.989 152 362 17 5 384 .987 63 126 8 2 136.985 113 218 15 5 238 .979

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CLUB FIELDING. Club. G. PO. A. E. PB.PC. Club. G. PO. A. E. PB.PC. Pittsburg.... 154 4201 1930 228 10 .964 New York.... 157 4306 2066 307 13 .954 Chicago.... .155 4024 1957 244 7 .961 Cincinnati.... 157 4201 1935 309 21 .952 Philadelphia. 154 3942 1977 241 21 .961 St. Louis..... 154 4118 2088 322 9 .951 Brooklyn..... 153 3911 1934 282 8 .956|Boston....... 155 3998 2075 342 20 .947 PITCHERS' RECORDS. T. Field. H. StruckW.T. Shut Name and Club. G. PO. A. E. C. PC. B. BB.out.P. G.outW. L. PC. *Leever, Pittsburg...... 19 0 23 0 23 1.000 4 14 23 0 0 0 8 1.889 H. Camnitz, Pittsburg.. 41 9 63 2 74 .973 768 133 206 25 6 .806 Mathewson, New York.. 37 19 96 4 119 .966 0 36 149 4 2 8 25 6 .806 Adams, Pittsburg....... 25 1 33 3 37 .919 3 23 65 1 0 3 12 3.800 M. Brown, Chicago...... 50 18 83 3104 .971 7 53 172 9 1 8 27 9 .750 Higginbotham, St.L-Ch. 22 4 17 3 23 .870 3 22 34 0 0 0 6 2 .750 Pfiester, Chicago........ 29 6 69 2 77 .974 5 49 73 3 1 5 17 . .739 Phillippe, Pittsburg .... 22 6 26 0 32 1.000 4 14 38 2 0 1 8 3 .727 Leifield, Pittsburg ..... 32 6 53 3 62 .952 6 54 43 1 0 3 19 8 .704 Kroh, Chicago........... 17 6 37144 .977 130 51 002 9 4.690 Willis. Pittsburg........ 39 16 85 5 106 .953 4 83 95 4 1 4 22 11 .667 Reulbach, Chicago...... 35 15 91 5 111 .955 11 82 105 4 0 6 19 10 .655 Overall, Chicago........ 38 12 69 3 84 .964 8 80 205 11 0 9 20 11 .645 Wiltse, New York....... 37 9 62 2 73 .972 6 51 119 4 0 4 20 11 .645 Gaspar, Cincinnati...... 44 2 56 3 61 .951 9 57 65 3 1 4 19 11 .633 Maddox, Pittsburg...... 31 6 54 2 62 .968 15 39 56 2 0 4 13 8 .619 Corridon, Philadelphia.. 27 8 70 4 82 .951 6 61 69 4 0 3 11 7 .611 Earl Moore, Phila........ 38 10 54 6 70 .914 9108 173 4 0 4 18 �12 .600 Ames, New York . . 34 11 99 9 119 .923 4 81 116 13 2 3 15 10 .600 Raymond, New York.... 39 8 86 9 103 .913 6 87 121 9 0 3 18 12 .600 Crandall, New York..... 30 9 39 3 51 .941 3 33 55 1 1 0 6 4 .600 Fromme, Cincinnati..... 37 7 89 8 104 .923 3 101 126 5 0 4 19 13 .594 W. D. Scanlan, Brooklyn 19 0 33 1 34 .971 4 65 72 4 0 2 8 7 .533 Moren, Philadelphia..... 40 8 46 5 59 .915 4 93 110 5 1 1 16 15 .516 Bell, Brooklyn.... ... 33 10 81 6 97 .938 4 73 95 3 0 6 16-15 .516 Higgins, St. Louis ..... 16 4 20 0 24 1.000 1 17 16 3 0 0 3 3.500 Richie, Phila.-Boston.... 33 8 31 4 43 .907 3 62 53 3 1 2 8 8 .500 Ewing, Cincinnati....... 31 7 42 8 57 .860 6 63 86 3 1 2 11 12 .478 Rowan, Cincinnati...... 38 7 40 3 50 .940 3 104 81 5 0 0 11 12 .478 Sallee, St. Louis......... 32 7 63 3 73 .959 5 59 55 1 2 1 10 11 .476 McQuillan, Philadelphia. 41 8 56 0 64 1.000 1 54 96 3 0 4 13 16 .448 Beebe, St. Louis ........ 44 15 81 7 103 .932 7 104 105 15 0 1 15 21 .417 Mattern, Boston .... 47 21 100 10 131 .923 3 101 98 13 1 2 15 21 .417 Rucker, Brooklyn . 38 3 67 4 74 .946 14 101 201 5 1 6 13 19 .406 Campbell, Cincinnati.... 30 3 55 1 59 .983 9 39 37 2 00 7 11 .389 Lush, St. Louis ........ 34 9 60 4 73 .945 10 69 65 6 0 3 11 18 .379 Coveleskie, Philadelphia. 24 6 39 2 47 .957 5 49 56 1 0 2 6 10 .375 Harmon,St. Louis ..... 21 645354 .944465 487 70S 0 6 11.353 Sparks, Philadelphia.... 24 4 31 035 . 3 32 40 2 0 6 11 .353 Chas. Brown, Ph.-Bos... 25 11 44 459 .932 8 72 42 10 02 4 8 .333 White, Boston.......23 6 37 649 .877 180 63 6 01 6 13 .316 Foxen, Philadelphia....18 6 42 250 .960 432 37 7 01 3 7 .300 Mclntire, Brooklyn ....32 6 62 472 .944 21 91 84 4 12 7 17 .292 Hunter, Brooklyn .....16 5 31 339 .923 3 38 43 1 00 4 10 .285 Dubuc, Cincinnati. . 19 423 5 32 .844 4 46 196 00 2 5 .286 Marquard,N. Y . ..11.29 3 45452 .9239 73 109 8 0 0 5 13 .278 Backman, St. Louis. 21 236139 .975339 35400 311 .214 Wilhelm, Brooklyn... 22 3 56 665 .908 259 45 3 01 3 13 .187 Ferguson, Boston... ..m.. 36 10 63 578 .936 12 83 87 3 03 5 23 .179 More, St. L.-Boston. . 25 2 34 238 .947 7 40 27 5 00 2 10 .167 Lindaman, Boston.....15 2 16 220 .900 1 28 13 1 01 1 6 .143 Raleigh, St. Louis.....15 4 24 331 .903 321 26 2 00 1 10 .091 Melter, St. Louis .....23 5 21 0261.000 220 24 7 00 0- 1.000 Tuckey, Boston ......17 11 28 342 .929 3 22 16 1 00 0 9 9.000 * Pitched only two complete games.

American League 336

I 1 I l I i i. ii

337

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 315 INDIVIDUAL BATTING-(Continued). Name and Club. G. AB. R. H. SH. SB. 2B. 3B. HR. PC. Unglaub, Washington ........... 130 480 43 127 13 15 14 9 3 .264 Keeler, New Yor K................ 99 360 44 95 33 10 7 5 1 .264 Cree, New York .................. 104 343 48 90 13 10 6 3 2 .262 Stanage, Detroit ................. 77 252 17 66 4 2 8 6 0 .262 Shotten, St. Louis ................ .17 61 5 16 4 3 0 1 0 .262 Parent, Chicago ................. 136 472 61 123 26 32 10 5 0 .261 Easterly, Cleveland .............. 98 287 32 75 8 8 14 10 1 .261 T. Jones, St. Louis-Detroit ....... 141 490 43 127 30. 22 18 3 0 .259 Beckendorf, Detroit ........ ...15 27 1 7 1 0 1 0 0 .259 Hinchman, Cleveland ............ 139 457 57 118 17 22 20 13 2 .258 Purtell, Chicago ................. 103 361 34 93 28 14 9 3 0 .258 Rossman, Detroit-St. Louis ...... 84 295 16 76 10 10 8 3 0 .258 Wagner, Boston .................. 124 430 51 110 9 18 16 7 1 .256 Flick, Cleveland ................. 66 235 28 60 1 9 10 2 0 .255 Ball, New York-Cleveland ....... 104 353 34 89 17 19 14 3 1 .252 French, Boston .................. 51 167 13 42 4 8 3 1 0 .251 Turner, Cleveland ................ 53 208 25 52 2 14 7 4 0 .250 Blankenship, Washlngton ....... 39 60 4 15 2 2 1 0 0 .250 Steele, Boston .................... 15 24 3 6 1 2 1 0 0 .250 Schaefer, Detroit-Washington .. 124 408 39 101 19 14 17 1 1 .248 Devoy, St. Louis .................. 19 69 7 17 1 4 3 1 0 .247 Stovall, Cleveland ............... 145 565 60 139 20 25 17 10 2 .246 Demmitt, New York ............. 123 427 68 105 10 16 12 12 4 .246 Niles, Boston ..................... 145 546 64 134 18 27 12 5 1 .245 Conroy, Washington ............. 139 488 44 119 23 24 13 4 1 .244 McIntyre, Detroit ................ 125 476 65 116 9 13 18 9 1 .244 Wolter, Boston ................... 54 119 14 29 5 2 2 4 2 .244 Payne, Chicago ................... 32 82 8 20 4 0 2 0 0 .244 Hemphill, New York ............. 73 181 23 44 3 10 5 1 0 .243 Donohue, Boston .................. 64 176 14 42 8 2 4 1 2 .239 Mclnnes, Philadelphia ........... 19 46 4 11 1 0 0 0 1 .239 McConnell, Boston ............... 121 453 59 108 16 26 7 8 0 .238 Wallace, St. Louis ....... ..... 116 403 36 96 6 7 12 2 1 .238* White, Chicago .................. 71 189 24 45 13 7 1 5 0 .238 Elberfeld, New York ............. 106 379 47 90 10 23 9 5 0 .237 Knight, New York ............... 116 360 46 85 17 15 8 5 0 .236 Atz, Chicago ..................... 119 381 39 90 19 14 18 3 0 .236 Cole, Chicago .................... 46 165 17 39 5 3 7 3 0 .236 � McBride, Washington ........... 155 504 38 118 27 17 16 0 0 .234 Livingston, Philadelphia ........ 64 175 15 41 9 4 6 4 0 .234 Altizer, Chicago ................. 116 382 47 89 21 27 6 7 1 .233 Donohue, Chicago-Washington .. 86 287 13 67 14 9 12 1 0 .233 ' Delehanty, Washington-Detroit.. 136 452 47 105 21- 13 23 6 1 .232 Austin, New York ................ 136 437 37 101 30 30 11 5 1 .231 Oldring, Philadelphia ........... 90 326 39 75 15 17 13 8 1 .230 Kleinow, New York .............. 78 206 24 47 9 7 11 4 0 .228 Isbell, Chicago ................... 120 433 33 97 20 23 17 6 0 .224 Schweitzer, St. Louis ............. 27 76 7 17 1 3 2 0 0 .224 Cicotte, Boston .................. 26 49 4 11 3 2 0 0 0 .224 Perring, Cleveland ............... 88 283 26 63 9 6 10 9 0 .223 Thomas, Philadelphia ............ 84 256 22 57 5 4 9 3 0 ,223 Tannehill, Chicago ............... 155 531 39 118 29 12 21 5 0 .222 Stephens, St. Louis ............... 79 223 18 49 3 5 5 0 3 .220 Plank, Philadelphia ............. 35 96 5 21 2 2 2 0 r- .219 Ferris, St. Louis .................. 148 556 36 120 15 11 18 5 3 .216 Miller, Washington ..............26 51 5 11 0 0 0 0 0.216 Barry, Philadelphi a ............ 124 409 56 88 28 17 11 2 1 .21 Bender, Philadelphia ............ 40 93 6 20 5 1 5 0 0 .215 Goode, Cleveland ................. 94 318 33 68 5 13 6 5 0 .214 Walsh, Chicago .................. 32 84 5 18 1 4 5 0 0 .214 Slattery, Washington ........... 32 56 4 1 2 0 0 .214 Dygert, Philadelphia ............ 32 42 2 9 3 0 1 0 0 .214 McAleese, St. Louis .............. 8 267 33 57 4 18 7 0 0 21 Street, Washington ............. 137 407 25 86 17 2 12 1 0.211

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316 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. INDIVIDUAL BATTING--(Continued). *ame and Club. G. AB. R. H. SH. SB. 2B. 3B. HR. PI Nicholls, Philadelphia ..21 71 .10 15 2 2 1 .2 Relley, Cleveland. . 20 62 10 13 5 0 0 0 .21 Schmidt, Detroit . . 84 253 21 53 22 7 8 2 1 .209 Owens,�5 Chia 7 5 .202 Killifer, Detroit-Washington 63 112 17 38 7 6 3 2 1 .209 Blair, Nevw York.............. 42 110 5 23 2 2 2 2 0 .209 Ganley, Washington-Philadelphia 99 337 7 70 41 20 7 2 0 .208 Yohe, Washington ..... . 21 72 6 15 3 2 2 0 0 .208 O'Leary, Detroit .................76 261 29 5 10 9 10 0 0.20 Mullen, Detroit . ..... 52 12 12 25 2 7 0 .203 Willett, Detroit ....... 41 109 10 22 3 5 3 .202 Sn Smith, St. ouis........4 10 10 22 3 0 .190 Owens, Chicago .......... 64 174 12 5 9 33 4 1 0.201 Milan, Washington . . 10 400 16 80 2 10 12 4 1.200 Starke, Cleveland.19 60 4 12 2 4 0 0 0 .200 Donovan, Detroit. . 22 45 6 9 5 0 0 0 .200 Clymer, Washington. . 45 138 11 27 4 7 5 2 .196 Williams, St. Louis.. ..110 174 2 71 10 6 6 0 .195 Dinneen, St. Louis......... 17 6 6 7 1 0 1 0 0 .194 Patterson, St. Louis-Chicago ..... 18 52 2 10 1 1 1 0 0 .192 Young, Cleveland . ......... 4 105 6 20 6 1 1 0 0 .190 S. Smith, St. Louis ....... 17 42 8 2 0 0 0 0.190 Welday, Phicago . ..29 74 3 14 3 2 0 0 .189 Bemis, Cleveland . ...... 42 12 4 23 2 2 2 3 0 .187 Bradley, Cleveland . . 95 314 10 62 20 8 6 0.186 Hahn, Chicago. .76 287 30 52 8 9 6 0 1 .182 Burrs, Washington-Chicago ..... 26 66 3 12 1 3 0 018 C. Smic, Washington-Boston ... 26 55 0 10 1 0 0 0 0.182 Manning, New York............ . 26 60 5 11 3 0 1 0 0 .182 Schlitzer, Philadelphia-Boston ..18 3 2 6 2 1 1 1 0 .182 Powell, St. Louis . ...... 34 78 3 14 4 0 1 1 0 .179 Howell, St. Louis . . 18 34 5 6 3 0 1 0 .176 F. Smith, Chicago ............... 53 127 11 22 5 6 3 0 .17 Lake, New York . . 32 81 10 14 0 0 2 o .173 Falkenberg, Cleveland . .. 24 52 2 9 3 0 0 0 0.173 Criger, St. Louis . .......... 74 212 15 .16 12 2 1 1 0 .170 Messenger, Chicago . ..31 112 18 19 7 1 1 .170 Coombs Philadelphia . ..........37 83 4 14 2 1 4 0 0 .169 Arellanes, Boston. . 46 78 5 1 6 3 0 0 0 .167 Freeman, Washington . . 19 48 2 8 4 3 0 1 .167 Doyle6, New York . ............. 17 42 7 2 0 0 0 .167 . Tannehill, Washington........16 6 6 0 0 1 .167 Pelt, St. Louis ....... . . 7 91 615 4 2 2 1 .16 p""1c��r��.0�. 37 91 6 15 4 2 2 I 1 Cravath, Chicago-Washington ... 22 55 7 9 1 3 0 0 1 .164 Wood, Boston . . . ..2455 4 9 1 0 0 1 0 .164 Rhoades, Cleveland. . 20 43 1 7 4 0 0 1 0 .163 Sullivan, Chicago .........97 265 11 43 15 9 3 0 0 .162 Spencer, Boston. .28 74 6 12 2 2 1 0 0 .162 Killian, Detroit . .............. 25 62 4 10 3 0 0 00 .161 Graham, St. Louis . ......... 34 63 6 10 0 0 0 0 0.157 Crompton, St. Louis . . 17 63 7 10 1 1 2 1 0 .157 Krause, Philadelphia . . 2 77 4 12 2 0 2 0 0.156 Quinn, New York . ............22 45 2 7 1 0 1 0 0 .156 Gray, Washington ...............47 89 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 .146 Kelley, Washington . ...... 17 42 3 6 0 1 2 1 0 .141 Bergr, Clevelan d ................34 83 5 11 2 0 1 0 .132 G. Davis, Chicago .................28 68 5 9 5 4 1 0 0.132 Johnson, Washington . . 40 101 6 1 3 0 3 0 1- .129 Warhop, New York.... 1 36 86 6 11 2 0 1 1 0 .128 Hughes, New York.... . 25 39 2 5 1 0 1 1 1--.128 Summers, Detroit. . 35 94 4 10 3 0 1 0 0 .106 Scott, Chicago ....................36 85 7 9 2 0 2 0 0.106 Joss, Cleveland 3.............. 80 8 2 0 1 1-- .100 Morgan, Boston-Philadelphia 9 94 1 9 9 0 2 1 0 .096 Sutor, Chicago ................... 18 32 1 1 0 0 0 0.094 Groom, Washington ..............46 88 1 8 7 0 1 0 0.091

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Club. Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, Cleveland,

342

Organized Base Ball for the Schools 343

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 321 Organized Base Ball for the Schools Through the generous offer of Mr. A. G. Spalding, than whom there is none in the United States better qualified to understand thoroughly the good growing out of organized Base Ball, school championships in the cities are being given an opportunity to approach an ideal condition, comprising perfect system and thorough administration. This will ultimately mean a general establishment of a rational method of determining athletic supremacy. Only those who have been through the struggles to maintain athletic strength and harmony between conflicting school institu- tions can realize what this means. When the fathers of to-day look back and recall how zealously they worked to try to evolve 4t some standard of Base Ball championship in their schoolboy days, it is no wonder they are ready to congratulate and thank the American citizen who has voluntarily stepped forward and offered valuable trophies to be won in school contests, thereby cementing organization of school associations, since it is incentive, which, better than anything, holds together schoolboy union. In offering these trophies, Mr. Spalding well says: "Our great grandfathers knew nothing of athletic sport as it is now under- stood. Our grandfathers got an inkling of its coming. The youth of our fathers was spent in a growing athletic atmosphere and our generation is' basking in the sunshine of athletic sport in its highest sense. The parent now encourages his children in their love of natural athletic sports, and the advanced educators of the day now recognize the great importance of clean athletic sports, not only as a physical benefit. but a mental and moral benefit as well." The "Play Ball"' trophy is one of the finest models of art of its particular type that ever has been designed for a school prize. Never a boy saw it but was eager to compete for it. Mr. Spald- ing offers this to cities where fifty entries are received for a Base Ball championship, that is to say entries from fifty different schools. Of course this makes it eligible only to cities of larger population, but it is the intention of the donor to try to arouse enthusiasm among these cities, where too often the very size of the population is a hindrance to athletic development, because of the congestion of buildings and the high values of property. To cities of lesser population Mr. Spalding offers' a handsome Base Ball plaque. Two of these have already been presented, one to the schools of Racine, Wis., and the other to the schools of , 1 - San Diego, Cal. In both of these cities championships have been played by the schools under such conditions as are necessary to secure the plaques, and from both of them come flattering ac- counts of the success of their Base Ball seasons, because there was something, as the boys say, "to play for." In New Orleans, San Francisco and New York there have been championship contests for the "Play Ball" trophy. In all three of the cities the public school competitions for supremacy have rivaled those of a professional Base Ball organization in their in- terest, their strict adherence to rule, their fairness and their discipline. It is well to compare them to contests for supremacy in the pro- fessional Base Ball field, for if there were nothing more to be said for professional Base Ball, it would be conceded that it is a system of model and good order. Considering its wonderful composition, made up as it is of men from all of the states of the union, and even from players of other countries, its rigid adherence to an ideal of clean deportment is a telling feature in its favor. Mr. Spalding wishes that the schools in the large cities of the United States not only shall play Base Ball, but organizcd Base

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 323 Ball. Long before others realized the benefits of the pastime he was keenly alive to them, and he has tasted the cup of success. He has seen benefits come to school children which could not ros- sibly have been realized without an introduction to athletics, but it needed organized athletics best to bring this about, and his firm belief in the efficacy of organized Base Ball, not only for athletic purposes, but as a disciplinary method of instruction and forma- tion of character, has induced him to encourage it among the schoolboys. All of his life he has believed that athletic sports, properly con- trolled, are destined to become a very important factor in the edu- cation of the youth, and are entitled to their proper place in the curriculum of all institutions of learning. In the splendid races which have been had for the champion- ship of both the high and elementary schools of New York City it would appear that Mr. Spalding has been thoroughly borne out in his theory, for both races have been run to wonderfully satis- factory conclusions. Prior to these contests for school championships, in which the Spalding trophies are at stake, there was no such thing as organi- zation among the New York schoolboys. There was very little Base Ball, except that which was played in the streets' in a hap- hazard fashion. There was little of school pride. Most of it which existed was in the nature of boisterous roughness rather than loyal devotion to high class competition. To-day thousands of school boys in New York City enjoy the Base Ball championships of the year. The nines' are picked from the schools, the best players in each school making them, and by a system of elimination and gradation, teams against teams, the better always playing the better, at last the real test arrives between those two nines which have been victorious over all the others. Think of what this means in New York City! Twenty thou- sand schoolboys clamoring to see the game to decide the cham- pionship in their organization. Twenty thousand youngsters filling the seats of one of the largest Base Ball parks in the land and sitting in intense enjoyment through nine innings of play. All of them orderly and bubbling over with enthusiasm. Each of them realizing fully what the players of the final game had to undergo before they were ready for the test. Each schoolboy being conversant with the discipline which was enforced, and probably half of them having passed under the dictum of the disciplinary rules in their efforts to make the team of their par- ticular school. Mr. Spalding has well said that the classroom is the place to acquire the rudiments of an education and the athletic field the place to apply that knowledge. It is the proper place to instil into the mind of the growing boy the absolute necessity of self-control, poise, nerve, confidence and aggressiveness, and how essential are all of these qualities in the battle that he is shortly to fight when school days are over, and the struggle for existence must begin against the odds which face all humanity. In modern Base Ball the youngster quickly learns that he must possess a well ordered mind. That is why Mr. Spalding is so eager to encourage Base Ball among the schoolboys. The boy who loses his temper on the field and at the same time loses the game will not be long in ascertaining that to be a success and retain the respect of his playmates and teammates he must keep cool and preserve his self-control at all times. I I A* What better lesson can a growing boy be taught? Therefore to try to encourage boys to enter into organized competition, where they will perceive their shortcomings and labor to overcome them,

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o (1 bc E-4 ob ci 1 2 4 3 3 � � V ^-

347

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL MASE BALL GUIDE. 325 Mr. Spalding has made his generous offer to the schools of the land. Concentration is another valuable requisite to successful Base Ball and, logically enough, Base Ball teaches how to concentrate. Mr. Spalding cited as much in one of his addresses to schoolboys when he said : "When you are playing the second innings focus your whole thoughts and energy on the minute details of that inning and do not allow your mind to wander off to what may happen in the seventh or ninth innings, or how joyous you will feel if the team is victorious or how sad a defeat will make you and your friends. A Base Ball player must school himself to be prepared for anything. He should not become too much elated in victory or ZJ too much cast down in defeat, but remember that the victor of to-day may be the vanquished of to-morrow." This keenly observant man, who has had his own athletic career by which to learn the wisdom which accumulates with experience, has noted that plenty of victories, interspersed with frequent defeats, make for that self-poise in the boy that is so essential to the rounded out man. The thoughtful boy, who will apply the lessons on the athletic field to the more serious problems of his after life, will be surprised to learn how easy it is to overcome obstacles that at the time seem well nigh insurmountable. To the New York schoolboys he once said: "In your classroom center your minds on the studies in hand and don't give a thought to athletic sports, but on the ball field give no thought to your mathematics and grammar, but focus' your mind on the game in progress. Be optimistic (there is no place on the team fbr the pessimist). Play hard, play to win, but play fair." It is evident that Base Ball under those conditions is the very best athletic stimulus with which to relieve the tension of the youth who has studied hard during part of the day and needs brisk play during another part to restore the proper balance to that wonderful machine which was given to him when he was brought into the world. Organized Base Ball embraces a combination of exercise and mental drill which cannot, by any construction, be made to go amiss. Its basic principle is subordination to rule. The pupils of the schools who have competed for the trophies which have been accepted from Mr. Spalding by certain cities throughout the United States have learned that they must subscribe to the lawful code which is drawn up for the competition. They know that they are not eligible to play unless they can pass the stan- dard in their studies. They are as zealous in their classes as they are on the athletic field. An instance may be cited of a certain boy in a school in New York city. He was the pitcher for his school team. He failed to pass his examinations and the teacher of the school declared him ineligible for a coming ball game in the championship race. Other pupils interceded for him in vain. The teacher expressed his sorrow, but reminded the scholars of the agreement under which their competition was taking place. The game was played and the school lost. It was a hard blow to the little fellows. The pitcher, whose low scholarship had been the cause of the school's humiliation, 4 resolved that he would make a place on the team before the next game took place. Zealcusly he bent himself to study and before the day on which the game was to be played that would decide the championship he went to the teacher and stated that he was ready to try his examinations again. They were given to him and he went through with flying colors. Organized Base Ball cer- tainly did not hurt that boy. It may be added that he pitched for his school and his school won the pennant, which is a fitting climax to the Incident. * 3

348

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Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York Base Ball Tournament 349

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 327 So well are the Base Ball games of New York city played by the schoolboys that a 4 to 3 score won the elementary champion- ship for Public School No. 28 of the Bronx over Public School No. 169 of Manhattan. It takes good Base Ball among boys to bring forth scores of that character. Public School No. 28 did not lose a game when the round robin tournament began among the borough champions to settle the title for the year. In the high school championship in New York city the final contenders for the title were Morris High and Commercial High. Morris High won the first game by the score of 5 to 3 and the second-a twelve-inning contest and one of the hardest fought games in schoolboy history-by the score of 3 to 2. That gave them the Spalding trophy for the year. One of the teachers of the schools which are interested in New York in competing for the Spalding trophies remarked to the editor of the GUIDE after the conclusion of a game last season: "When I go to these contests I have only one regret, that Mr. Spalding had not encouraged this schoolboy competition twenty years ago. Of course I understand that Base Ball was not so far progressed then as it is now. Probably the national game was not exactly in a position to encourage it. You have no idea what a difference it has made among the boys here in New York, where we have so much with which to contend because of the great lack of room for schoolboy diversions. Where there was a tendency on the part of some of my charges to seek amusement in the streets I find it all vanished. Every boy in my room, with the first indi- cation of warm weather, is beginning to get ready to try to make the school nine, and if he doesn't make the nine rest assured that he is with the players who do make the nine, watching to see how they develop. We know where to look for our boys out of school hours." It is only a question of time when there will be a chain of cities playing for the Spalding trophies from one ocean to the other. The good seed is beginning to show hardy plants above the ground and the harvest will be wonderful when it is reaped half a century from now. Organized Base Ball for schoolboys is one of the grandest gifts which has been extended to the younger generation in the history of the present century. PUBLIC SCHOOLS ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF GREATER 1, ~ NEW YORK BASE BALL TOURNAMENT \i.~ ~ ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. After as strenuous a season as has ever been seen since the Public Schools Athletic League conducted a Base Ball tournament, the final game for the city championship was played at Crotona Park, June 23, 1909. At no time during the entire season was it possible for any one to predict which school would win the city championship. After the borough championships had been decided the city com- mittee arranged a round-robin schedule whereby each team played every other team one game. Weather conditions made it necessary to postpone several games. Both Manhattan and Bronx teams met their opponents and defeated them. The final game was therefore of great interest to all, as it was the one which would decide the city championship. Public School 28 of the Bronx succeeded in defeating Public School 169 of Manhattan by the score of five to four, and was awarded the A. G. Spalding Trophy "Play Ball" for one year. The summary: ' -

350

0 z U Fs K ., r^ t |i~~~ * a Z1 B'J2 .g ' To m cq J Q * a} 6 * 0 � V II

351

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 329 DISTRICT WINNERS. Manhattan-D.A.L. 3, Public School 179; D.A.L. 6, Public School 169; D.A.L. 7, Public School 40; D.A.L. 9, Public School 6; )D.A.L. 12, Public School 62; D.A.L. 14, Public School 51; D.A.L. 18, Public School 1; D.A.L. 21, Public School 24; D.A:L. 25, Public School 171. 3Bronx-D.A.L. 10, Public School 10; D.A.L. 23, Public School 28. Brooklyn-D.A.L. 1, Public School 73; D.A.L. 5, Public School 43; D.A.L. 8, Public School 134; D.A.L. 11, Public School 9; D.A.L. 15, Public School -; D.A.L. 17, Public School 10; D.A.L. 24, Public School 122. Queens-D.A.L. 16, Public School 1; D.A.L. 19, Public School 79; D.A.L. 20, Public School 58: D.A.L. 22, Public School 6. Richmond-D.A.L. 4, Public School 17. �i^~~ ~ BOROUGH WINNERS. Manhattan ......Public School 169 Queens ..........Public School 58 Bronx ........... Public School 28 Richmond .......Public School 17 Brooklyn ........Public School 10 ik ~ FINAL ROUND FOR THE CHAMPIONSHIP. a, b Public School 28, Bronx. Public School 169, Manhattan. |i Public School 58, Queens... 15- 2 Public School 17, Richmond.. 5- 4 Public School 17, Richmond 29- 0 Public School 10, Brooklyn...12-11 Public School 10, Brooklyn. 9- 4 Public School 58, Queens.....10- 1 Public School 169, Manhattan 5- 4 Public School 28, Bronx...... 4- 5 58-10 31-21 Public School 10, Brooklyn. Public School 58, Queens. Public School 28, Bronx..... 4- 9 Public School 10, Brooklyn.. 5- 4 Public School 17, Rich. (for.) 9- 0 Public School 28, Bronx .... 2-15 Public School 58, Queens... 4- 5 Public School 169, Manhattan 1-10 Public School 169, Manhattan.11-12 Public School 17, Richmond.. 6- 7 28-26 14-36 Public School 17, Richmond. Public School 169, Manhattan 4- 5 Public School 58, Queens.... 7- 6 Public School 10, Brook. (for.) 0- 9 Public School 28, Bronx ..... 0-29 11-9 School. Won. Lost. PC. * - Public School 28, Bronx ............... 4 0 1.000 Public School 169, Manhattan .......... 3 1 .750 Public School 10, Brooklyn ............ 1 3 .250 Public School 58, Queens .............. 1 3 .250 Public School 17, Richmond ........... 1 3 .250 HIGH SCHOOLS. Owing to the large number of entries considering the short time in which the games had to be played, the Base Ball schedule was arranged into two divisions, namely, the Manhattan-Bronx- Richmond Division and the Brooklyn Division. The former divi- sion had six schools, the latter five schools. The winners of the two divisions were to play a series of two out of three games for the championship. The majority of the Manhattan games were played at American League Park, while Brooklyn used the Com- mercial Field mainly. Most of the games were very closely con- tested, and it was therefore impossible to say who would be the division representative in the final round until the last game had been played.

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Public Schools Athletic League of New Orleans 353

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 881 ; High School and Commercial High School were the final rs for the championship. The first game of the series ;ed at American League Park, Saturday, June 12, 1909, dted in a victory for Morris by the score of 5-3. Owing weather conditions the second game could not be played the following Saturday. This was played at Washington Brooklyn, and resulted in a second victory for Morris by ore of 3-2 in a twelve-inning game, which was claimed to been one of the hardest fought games of the tournament. ris High School was awarded the A. G. Spalding Trophy, it will hold for one year. standing of the schools in the two divisions is as follows: MANHATTAN-BRONX-RICHMOND. School. Won. Lost. M orris ..................................... 5 0 Commerce ........................4 1 Clinton 2 2 Stuyvesant ....................2 3 Curtis .................... ...1 3 Townsend-Harris ........................... 5 BROOKLYN DIVISION. School. Won. Lost. Commercial. 4 0 Boys' . ....... .... ...... .3 1 Erasmus Hall ................2 2 Manual Training ...................1 3 Eastern District ............................ 0 CHAMPIONSHIP SERIES. School. Won. Lost. Morris ................. ..... 2 0 Commercial .................... 0 2 BLIC SCHOOLS ATHLETIC LEAGUE OF NEW .ORLEANS ithe tournament of the Public Schools Athletic League of New ns, the result of which determines the city school champion- and the custody of the A. G. Spalding Trophy, the summaries as follows: . FOR UPTOWN CHAMPIONSHIP. ~!onm 23 ...... 9 Crossman . ........... no:. 23 .....7 McDonogh 7 ................... og 23 9 LaSalle ....................... 0 nogh, 7 ........... 9 LaSalle . ................ ile . .... .. 9 Crossman ..................... �inogh 7 ......... 7 Crossman ..............(no game) i : School Won. Lost. PC. School. Mconogh 23.~3 0 1.000 McDonogh 23 ..............5...... 3 � .5 McDonogh ............... .500 LaSl.......1 2 .333 CrLaSoan. ............... ...... 2 000 Cros n ........... #.#

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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN TEAM.

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1, isaDCOCK, ivigr.; Z, Uaites; o, DarrVow; 4, kCaymona, uapt.; o, l)ennie; 6. Nourse; 7, Clark; 8. Tent, Ass't Mgr.; 9, Staff: 10, Giles: 11, Regnier; 12, Nash; 13, Mascot; 14, Orcutt; 15, Warner; 16, Hennessy. BROWN UNIVERSITY TEAM.

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361

1, Hamilton; 2, Ko Ass't Mgr.; 7, R. Wadsworth, Capt.;

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FURDUE TTNTV1'R.IPTmov mrr, A

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I 4 I 0

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ErU, M1AN UNIVERSITY TEAM, 1909.

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1, Higgins; 2, Hanley; 3, McAvoy; 4, McEntagart, Asst. Mgr.; o, Neugent; 6, Carroll; 7, Bolton: 8. Holahan; 9. Connelly: 10, Ryan; 11, Sweeney; 12, Archer; 13, Donahue. Issoff & Redfield, Photo, MANHATTAN COLLEGE TEAM, NEW YORQI.

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I iI

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16, Scanlon. ST. MARY'S COLLEGE, KANSAS.

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Official Club Rosters of 1909 371

I '_ _. - - - _ * Rowan, J. A.

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Rhoades, Robt. Sitton, C. V. Stark, R. M. Stovall, Geo. Sullivan, Den. Turner, T. L. Winchell, F. R. Wright, W. S. Young, S. T. Clarke, J. Booles Upp, John Schotten Smith Stevens, J. Stone. George Stemmel Tullos Waddell, Ed. Wallace, Robt. Williams, James Patterson, H. Jones, T. McBride, Richard Milan, Owen Miller Oberlin, W. Reisling, S. F. Schaefer, Herman Crooks Freeman, J. Kahoe, M. Shipke, E. Hemphill Collins Hughes, Tom UE Holly, Edward Barger, E. B. Anderson, E. J. Ganzel, John H. Simmons, Geo. E. Chappelle, Wm. Kustus, Joe McConnell, Geo. Osborne. Wilfred Ragon, Patrick Tooley, Bert Lagoe, Ditus Krichell, Paul B. Schlafly, Larry Louden, Wm. Flater, J. Lapp, J. Brady, J. W. Burge, H. Loudenslsger. C. Heuser. Arthur Blair, W. A.

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SPALDING'S SIMPLIFIED BASE BALL RULES 376

338 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. SPALDING'S SIMPLIFIED BASE BALL RULES Simplified Base Ball rules have been prepared by Mr. A. G. Spalding of New York and Chicago, who is the recognized authority on the National Game. They are of great assistance to beginners as well as to veterans. Based on the Official Playing Rules, as published in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide, they state in condensed form all the technicalities that must be observed in the sport without the somewhat dry and formal wording which is necessarily employed by the rule makers to state each fact with great explicitness. The Ball Ground Base Ball is played upon a level field, upon which is out- lined a square, which is known as the infield or "diamond." The term "diamond," in a broader sense, is also frequently used in the United States to apply to the entire playing field. Literally, however, the "diamond" is the infield proper. The infield is bounded by the base-running paths, which extend from base to base. The bases are placed at right angles to each other, on each corner of the "diamond" at intervals of ninety feet beginning from the home plate. Thus, first base must be ninety feet from home plate, second base ninety feet from first base, third base ninety feet from second base and also ninety feet from the home plate, thus completing a perfect square. The territory which lies behind third base, second base and first base, beyond the infield and within the lines defining fair ground and also without these lines, is known as the outfield. All that portion of the field outside of the base lines that extend from home plate to first base and from home plate to third base, all territory behind the home plate and all terri- tory outside of straight lines reaching from the outside corner of third and first bases indefinitely to the outfield is foul ground. Sometimes it is impossible for boys who desire to play Base Ball to obtain a field sufficiently large for the regulation diamond, whose dimensions have previously been stated, and in such cases an effort should always be made to place the bases' at equal distances from each other in order that the symmetry of the diamond and the correct theory of the game may be preserved. Players of younger. years may find that a smaller diamond adds more enjoyment to their amusement, since they are, better .able to cover the ground in fielding the ball in a smaller area and do not become so fatigued by running the bases when the latter are stationed at their full legal dis- tance from each other. The bases, except home plate, are best constructed of canvas bags filled with sawdust. Home plate should be of whitened rubber, whenever it is possible to obtain it. Some cruder sub- stance -may be used for bases if nothing else is obtainable, but It is best to follow. the suggestions given. First, second and third bases should be attached to pegs driven in the ground, and home plate should be sunk so that its upper surface is on a level with the surface of the ground. The pitcher's position on a diamond of regulation size is located sixty and five-tenths feet from home plate, and on a

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! -I^ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 339 straight line, extending from home plate to the center of second base. It, too, should be denoted by a plate of whitened rubber, to be sunk until its upper surface is on a level with the surface of the field. This plate should be the shape of a parallelo- gram twenty-four inches long by six inches wide, with the longer- sides of the parallelogram at right angles to home plate. If a diamond smaller than the regulation size be used, the pitcher's position should be relatively closer to home plate. (For detailed description of laying out a "diamond" see Rules Nos. I to 13, inclusive, of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) The Ball The Spalding Official National League Ball is used in regula- tion games, but for players fifteen years of age or younger, the Spalding Official "National League Junior" ball, made the same as the National League Ball, only slightly smaller in size, should be used, for it better fits the boy's hand and pre- vents straining the arm in throwing. (See Rule No. 14 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) The Regulation Bat The Bat must always be round and not to exceed 2% inches in diameter at the thickest part. Spalding Trade Mark Bats are made to suit all ages and physiques, and are strictly in accordance with official regulations. (See Rule No. 15 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Regulation Gloves and Mitts The catcher or first baseman may wear a glove or mitt of any size, shape or weight. Every other player is restricted to the use of a glove or mitt weighing not over ten ounces and measuring not over fourteen inches around the palm. Spalding's Trade Marked Gloves and Mitts are regulation weight and size and are used by all champion players. (See Rule No. 20 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Players' Uniforms Games played by players not clad in a tegular uniform are called "scrub" games and are not recorded as "match" games. Every club should adopt a regular uniform, not only to enable the players to play properly and with comfort, but to distin- guish one team from the other. (See Rule No. 19 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Players' Benches All ball grounds should be provided with two players' benches back of and on each side of the home plate. They must be not less than twenty-five feet outside of the coachers' lines. The coachers may not go within fifteen feet of the base lines. Each team should occupy one of these benches exclusively, and their bats and accoutrements should be kept near the bench. (See Rule No. 21 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.)

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 341 city are playing, the captain of the team on whose ground the game is played has the choice of innings. (See Rule No. 29 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) A Regulation Game The game begins with the fielders of the team losing the choice of innings in their respective positions. The first batter of the opposing team is in his "box" at home plate. This "box" is a parallelogram, six feet by four, on either side of home plate, and six inches back from the furthest corner of the plate. If it is not possible to outline a "box" it should be remem- bered that the batter is never allowed to step over home plate to strike at the ball, and that he must not run forward toward the pitcher, to exceed three feet from the center of the plate, to strike at the ball. The umpire may take his position, at his option, either behind the pitcher or the catcher. He judges all balls and strikes, declares all outs, decides whether the ball is batted foul or fair, decides as to the legality of the pitcher's deliv- ery, and, in fact, has complete control of the game. His decisions must never be questioned, except by the captain of either team, and only by the latter when there is a difference of opinion as to the correct interpretation of the rules. The team at bat is allowed two coaches on the field, one opposite first base and the other opposite third base, but they must never approach either base to a distance closer than fifteen 'eet, and must not coach when there are no runners on the bases. Whenever a player is substituted on a nine he must always bat in the order of the man who retires from the game. A player may be substituted at any time, but the player whose place he takes is no longer eligible to take part in the contest. When a substitute takes the pitcher's place in the box he must remain there until the batsman then at bat either is retired or reaches first base. A game is won when the side first at bat scores fewer runs in nine innings than the side second at bat. This rule applies to games of fewer innings. Thus, whenever the side second at bat has scored more runs in half an inning less of play than the side first at bat it is the winner of the game, pro- .vided that the side first at bat has completed five full innings as batsmen. A game is also won if the side last at bat scores the winning run before the third hand is out. In case of a tie game play continues until at the end of even innings one side has scored more runs than the other, provided that if the side last at bat scores the winning run before the third hand is out the game shall terminate. This latter provision applies to a regular nine-inning game. Rul- ings relative to drawn games and games that are called because of atmospheric disturbances. fire or panic will be found under the head of "Umpire's Duties." (See Rules Nos. 22-27 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Pitchind Rules Before pitching the ball the pitcher must face the batsman with both feet squarely on the ground and in front of the

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|~I ~ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 345 base is occupied, whether the catcher holds the ball or not, except there be two hands out at the time. The batsman. is out, if, while attempting a third strike, the ball touches any part of his person, and base runners are not allowed to advance. Before two men are out, if the batsman pops up a fly to the infield with first and second, or first, second and third bases occupied, he is out if the umpire decides that it is an infield hit. The umpire shall immediately declare when the ball is hit whether it is an infield hit or an outfield hit. It is cus- tomary for the umpire to call the batter out in case that he decides it an infield hit, so that base runners may be pro- tected and not force each other out through the medium of a double play. The batsman is out on a bunt that rolls foul if the attempted bunt be made on the third strike. The batsman is out if he steps from one batsman's box to the other after the pitcher has taken his position to pitch. (See Rules Nos. 38-51 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. ) Base Running Rules After the batsman makes a fair hit in which he is not put out he must touch first, second and third bases, and then the home plate in regular succession in order to score a run. No base runner may score ahead of the men who precedes him in the batting order, if that player is also a base runner. The batsman must run to first base immediately after mak- ing a fair hit, or when four balls have been called by the umpire, or when three strikes have been declared by the umpire. If the batsman is hit by a pitched ball, either on his per- son or clothing, and the umpire is satisfied that the batsman did not purposely get in the way of the ball, and that he used due precaution to avoid it, he is entitled to run to first base without being put out. The batsman is entitled to run to first base without being put out if the catcher interferes with him or tries to prevent him from striking at the ball. The batsman is entitled to first base, without being put out, if a fair hit ball hit either the person or clothing of an umpire or a base runner who is on fair ground. Whenever the umpire sends the batsman to first base after four balls have been called, or for being hit by a pitched ball or because he has been interfered with by the catcher. all runners on bases immediately ahead of him may advance a base each without being put out. A runner on second or third base with first base unoccupied would not be considered a runner immediately ahead. Any base runner is entitled to advance one base when the umpire calls a balk. Any base runner is entitled to advance one base when the ball, after being delivered by the pitcher. passes the catcher and touches any fence or building within ninety feet of the home plate. The penalty in regard to touching a fence or building is frequently waived by mutual consent where the ground area is limited. If a fielder obstructs a base runner the Tatter may go to the next bhse without being put out, providing the fielder did not have the ball in his hand with which to touch the runner All base runners may advance three bases whenever a fielder

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385

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 347 hit fly ball is caught, other than a foul tip, before the ball is fielded to that base and legally held, or the runner be touched by a fielder with the ball in his hands before he can get back to the base last occupied, the runner is out, except that if the ball be thrown to the pitcher, and he delivers it to the batter, this penalty does not apply. If a base should be torn from its fastenings as the runner strikes it, he cannot be put out. If a runner is on first base, or runners are on first and second bases, or on first, second and third bases, and the ball shall be legally batted to fair ground, all base runners are forced to run, except in the case of an infield fly (previously referred to), or a long fly to the outfield. Runners may be put out at any succeeding base if the ball is fielded there and properly held, or the runners may be touched out between bases in the proper manner. After a foul fly is caught, or after a long fly to the outfield is caught, the base runners have the privilege of trying for the next base. A base runner hit by a legally batted ball in fair territory is out. In such case no base shall be run, unless necessitated by the batsman becoming a base runner. No run shall be scored nor shall any other base runner be put out except the one hit by the batted ball, until the umpire puts the ball in play. A runner who fails to touch each base in regular or reverse order, when a fair play is being made, is out if the ball be properly held by a fielder on the base that should have been touched, or the runner be touched out between bases by the ball legally held by a fielder, provided that the ball has not been delivered to the batsman in the meantime by the pitcher. If a runner fails to return to the base that he occupied when "Time" was called after the umpire has announced "Play" he is out, provided that the pitcher has not in the meantime delivered the ball to the batsman. The runner is out if he occupies third base with no one out or one out and the batsman interferes with a play that is being made at home plate. The runner is out if he passes a base runner who is caught between two bases. The moment that he passes the preceding base runner the umpire shall declare him out. When the batter runs to first base he may overrun that base if he at once returns and retouches it. An attempt to run to second base renders him liable to be put out. If while third base is occupied, the coacher at third base shall attempt to fool a fielder who is making or trying to make a play on a batted ball not caught on the fly, or on a thrown ball, and thereby draws a throw to home plate, the runner on third base must be declared out. If one or more members of the team at bat gather around a base for which a runner is trying, thereby confusing the fielding side, the runner trying for the base shall be declared out. If a runner touches home plate before another runner pre- ceding him in the batting order, the former loses his right to third base. (See Rules Nos. 52-57 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) Coachind Rules The coachers must confine themselves to legitimate direc- tions of the base runners only, and there must never be more

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 349 Under like conditions if the side second at bat has scored more runs than the side first at bat, it shall be declared the sinner, all runs for both sides being counted. A gaae can be forfeited by the umpire if a team refuses to take the field within five minutes after he has called "Play"; if one side refuses to play after the game has begun; if, after the umpire has suspended play, one side refuses to play after he has again called "Play"; if one side tries to delay the game; if the rules are violated after warning by the umpire; if there are not nine players on a team after one has been removed by the umpire. The umpire has the right to remove players for objecting to decisions or for behaving in an un- gentlemanly manner. Only by the consent of the captain of an opposing team may a base runner have a player of his own side run for him. Play may be suspended by the umpire because of rain, and if rain falls continuously for thirty minutes the umpire may terminate the game. The umpire may call "Time" for any valid reason. Umpire's Authority Under no circumstances shall a captain or player dispute the accuracy of an umpire's judgment and decision on a play. If the captain thinks the umpire has erred in interpretation of the rules he may appeal to the umpire, but no other player is privileged to do so. (See Rules Nos. 60-77 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) General Definitions "Play" is the order of the umpire to begin the game or to resume it after "Time" has been called. "Time" is the order of the umpire to suspend play tem- porarily. "Game" is the announcement of the umpire that the contest is terminated. "Inning" is the time at bat of one team and is terminated when three of that team have been legally put out. "Time at Bat" is the duration of a batter's turn against the pitcher until he becomes a base runner in one of the ways prescribed in the previous rules. In scoring a batter is exempt from a time at bat if he is given a base on balls, if he makes a sacrifice hit, if he is hit by a pitched ball, or if he is inter- fered with by the catcher. (See Rules Nos. 78-82 of SpAlding's Official Base Ball Guide. ) Scorind Rules Each side may have its own scorer and in case of disagree- ment the umpire shall decide, or the captain of each team may agree upon one scorer for the match. (See Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide for the Scoring Rules, and see Spalding's Official Score Book for a Complete Guide on "How to Score Correctly and with Understanding.")

READY REFERENCE INDEX To the Official Playing Rules as Published in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 388

W50 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. READY REFERENCE INDEX To the Official Playing Rules as Pub. lished in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide The Ball Ground See Official Rules, Nos. I to I3, inclusive, in Spalding Official Base Ball Guide. The Players' Benches See Rule 2I in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Field Rules See Rules 75-77 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide The Official Ball See Rule I4 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. The Regulation Bat See Rule 15 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Regulation Gloves and Mitts See Rule 20 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Players' Uniform See Rules I8-I9 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide, R,

389

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 351 "Number and Positions of Players S See Rules 16-17 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Substitute Players See Rule 28 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Choice of Innings and Fitness of Field for Play See Rule 29 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. General Definitions See Rules 78-83 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. A Regulation Game See Rules 22-27 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Pitching Rules See Rules 30-37 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Batting Rules See Rules 38-51 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Base Running Rules See Rules 52-59 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Umpire's Duties See Rules 60-77 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. Scoring Rules See Rules 84-86 in Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.

390

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Official Playing Rules Professional Base Ball Clubs 391

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393

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394

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395

396

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397

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398

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399

861

400

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401

363

402

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365

404

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405

367?

406

407

369

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409

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 371 SEC. 4. If, after three strikes or a fair hit, he be touched with the ball in the hand of a fielder before he shall have touched first base. SEC. 5. If, after three strikes or a fair hit, the ball be securely held by a fielder while touching first base with any part of his person before such base runner touch first base. SEC. 6. If, in running the last half of the distance from home base to first base, while the ball is being fielded to first base, he run outside the three foot lines, as defined in Rule 7, unless he do so to avoid a fielder attempting to field a batted ball. SEC. 7. If, in running from first to second base, from second to third base, or from third to home base, he run more than three feet from a direct line between a base and the next one in regular or reverse order to avoid be- ing touched by a ball in the hands of a fielder. But in case a fielder be occupying a base runner's proper path in attempting to field a batted ball, then the base runner shall run out of direct line to the next base and behind said fielder and shall not be declared out for so doing. SEC. 8. If he fail to avoid a fielder attempting to field a batted bail, in the manner described in Sections 6 and 7 of this rule, or in any way obstruct a fielder in attempting to field a batted ball, or intentionally interfere with a thrown ball; provided, that if two or more fielders attempt to field a batted ball, and the base runner come in contact with one or more of them, the umpire shall determine which fielder is entitled to the benefit of this rule, and shall not decide the base runner out for coming in contact with a fielder other than the one the umpire determines to be entitled to field such batted ball. SEC. 9. If at any time while the ball is in play, he be touched by the ball in the hands of a fielder, unless some part of his person be touching the base he is entitled to occupy; provided, however, that the ball be held by the fielder after touching him, unless the base runner delib- erately knock it out of his hand. SEC. 10. If, when a fair or foul hit ball (other than a foul tip as defined in Rule 46) be legally caught by a fielder, such ball be legally held by a fielder on the base occupied by the base runner when such ball was batted, or the base runner be touched with the ball in the hands of a fielder, before he retouch such base after such fair or

410

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378 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. On Ground Rules. SECTION I. Before the commencement of RULE 72. a game the umpire shall see that the rules governing all the materials of the game are strictly observed. Sec. 2. In case of spectators overflowing on the playing field, the home captain shall make special ground rules to cover balls batted or thrown into the crowd, provided such rules be acceptable to the captain of the visiting club. If the latter object, then the umpire shall have full authority to make and enforce such special rules, and he shall announce the scope of same to the spectators. Sec. 3. In all cases where there are no spectators on the playing field, and where a thrown ball goes into a stand for spectators, or over or through any fence surrounding the playing field, or into the players' bench (whether the ball rebounds into the field or not), the runner or runners shall be entitled to two bases. The umpire in awarding such bases shall be governed by the position of the runner or runners at the time the throw is made. Sec. 4. The umpire shall also ascertain from the home captain whether any other special ground rules are neces- sary, and if there be he shall advise the opposing captain of their scope and see that each is duly enforced, provided they do not- conflict with any of these rules and are acceptable to the captain of the visiting team. Official Announcements. The umpire shall call "Play" at the hour RULE 73. appointed for the beginning of a game, announce "Time" at its legal interruption and declare "Game" at its legal termination. Prior to the commencement of the game he shall announce the bat- teries, and during the progress of the game shall announce each change of players. In case of an overflow crowd, he shall announce the special ground rules agreed upon, and he shall also make announcement of any agreement entered into by the two captains to stop play at a specified hour. Suspension of Play. The umpire shall suspend play for the RULE 74. following causes: i. If rain fall so heavily as in the judg- ment of the umpire to Prevent continuing the game, in which case he shall note the time of suspension, and should

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420

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421

the batsman, who becomes a base runner on such pitched ball, reaches first base or a base runner advances. A passed ball is a legally delivered ball that the catcher should hold or control with ordinary effort, but his failure to do so enables the batsman, who becomes a base runner on such pitched ball, to reach first base or a base runner to advance. The Summary. The Summary shall contain: RULE 86. SECTION I. The score made in each in- ning of the game and the total runs of 'each side in the game. SEC. 2. The number of stolen bases, if any, by each player. SEC. 3. The number of sacrifice hits, if any, made by each player. SEC. 4. The number of sacrifice flies, if any, made by each player. SEC. 5. The number of two-base hits, if any, made by each player. SEC. 6. The number of three-base hits, if any, made by each player.

422

384 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. SEC. 7. The number of home runs, if any, made by each player. SEC. 8. The number of double and triple plays, if any, made by each club and the players participating in same. SEC. 9. The number of innings each pitcher pitched in. SEC. IO. The number of base hits, if any, made off each pitcher and the number legal at bats scored against each pitcher. SEC. II. The number of times, if any, the pitcher strikes out the opposing batsmen. SEC. I2. The number of times, if any, the pitcher gives bases on balls. SEC. I3. The number of wild pitches, if any, charged against the pitcher. SEC. 14. The number of times, if any, the pitcher hits a batsman with a pitched ball, the name or names of the batsman or batsmen so hit to be given. SEC. 15. The number of passed balls by each catcher. SEC. 16. The time of the game. SEC. 17. The name of the umpire or umpires. *i t~~~~~~I ......~~~~~~~~~~~- -

Index to Rules 423

N o gam e ................................................ i Substitutes .. ............................ .............. 1 28 i May take place of player at any time............... 2 28 Base runner-consent of opposing captain necessary... 3 28

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Annual Meetings 427

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Base Ball Equipment for 1910 436

Base Ball Equipment for 1910 Fourteen different grades of base balls comprise the Spalding line for 191 the Spalding ' Official National League" Ball being the leader, of course, a it has been all over the world for over thirty years. For boys' use the Spald .ing "Official National League" Jr. takes the place of the regulation size ball, being made of identically the same materials and in the same manner, onl slightly smaller in size. For junior clubs (composed of boys under 16 yea of age) games played with it are recognized as official, just as if played with the Spalding "Official National League '" Ball itself. The idea adopted by Spalding several years ago of supplying bats that ar duplicates of those used by leading batters in the big leagues has met wit much favor. This series is known as the "Gold Medal Autoraph" line, eac" the long, heavy bat of Frank Chance to the other extreme of illy Keeler' The players whose models comprise the Gold Medal Autograph line are Frank Chance, Fred Clarke, Sam Crawford, Harry Davis, Roger Bresnahan Johnny Evers, Miller Huggins and Billy Keeler; and, on special order, th Donlin, Stone and Oakes models are also supplied. The blanceof the Spald ing bat line is as large as in previous years, with the addition of two neei... mpdels for this season, the "Dreadnought," in assorted lengths but of the~iE greatest thickness allowed by the rules, 24 inches. and which is especially useful for Preliminary swings before going to bat, and the "Fungo, " which, a the name implies, has its special use, being made of willowand light weight The list of Mitts and Gloves fortheuse of catchers, infielders and outfielder is almost limitless in quantity and suitable to every requirement, both in qualw4 ity and price. An improvement in Spalding Infielders' Gloves this year is thoIdas patented "diverted seam," a method of sewing which carries the seam up at short distance on the finger of the glove, instead of being exactly betwee them, as in the ordinary glove, thus adding to their durability. Base Ball Uniforms, as every player knows, are subject to roughest usage and yet must be light in weight; they cannot be made from ordinary cloth an stand the wear to which they are subjected. The cloth in Spalding uniforms i made to order especially for that purpose and then tailored by men who knoeqwi just how the work should be done. The suits worn by the World's Cham- pions, the Pittsburg team, and the American League Champions, the Detroit ; club, are made by Spalding's, as are the uniforms used by nearly all the lead..IPd ing professional, college and amateur teams of the country. Another very important item of a player's equipment is his shoes. Unles the shoes are right, and fit perfectly, the player is seriously handicappe Spalding shoes are made in a Spalding factory by Spalding workmen, wh make the shoes of the fastest men in the game. These players cannot afford to lessen their chances of success by wearing inferior goods and that is whyLi they wear the Spalding kind. Naturally the very latest suggestions a ideas are at the command of the Spalding factory. Every player, whether he needs anything now or not, should send for a cop of the new Spalding1910 talogue. It ishandsome specimen of the printer' 7 art, and contains pictures, prices, and descriptions of everything that i needed in athletic sport, whether base ball, tennis, golf, track and field a letics or other spring and summer pastimes. Send your name and address o a postal to the nearest Spalding store (see list on inside front cover) receive a copy by return mail. bea herf p thr rifec S;te m � ese hircace fsccs y erngifrorgos n ha sw

437

Adopted by the as its Official Ball and use~d by it exclusively for 22 yesxs Adopted by thel as its Offil al and used by it exclusively for 22 years Adopted by the New Work Stat LCLgle as its Official Ball and used by it exclusively for 13 yams Adaopted by the Il Yr State Leaguer as its Official Ball and used by it exclusively for 10years Adopted by the lu ilam-3111holw-lowa Leagu as its Official Ball and used by it exclusively for 9 years Adopted by the as t ica a a ue it exclusively for 7 years Adopted'by the t ~~y~ as its Official Ball and used. by it exclusively for 7 years Adopted by the Western "" as its Official Ball and used by it exclusively for 7 years

438

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New York Philadelphia Washington Chicago St. Louis' San Francisco Boston Pittsburg Atlanta Cincinnati ansas City Seattle Syracuse Baltimore INew Orleans Cleveland Denver Minneapolls Buffalo Montreal Canada Columbus Detroit St. Paul I.Prices in effect January 5, 1910.: Subject to change without notice.

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448

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New York Philadelphia Washington Chicago St. Louis nan Francisco Boston Pittsburg Atlanta Cincinnati Kansas City Seattle Syracuse Batimore Iew Orleans Cleveland Denver Minneapolis Buffalo Montre Canada Columbus Detroit St. Paul Prices in effect January 5, 1910. Subject to change without notice.

450

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New York Philadelphia Washington Chicago St. Louis an Francisco Boston Pittsburg Atlanta Cincinnati Ransas City Seattle Syracuse altimore New Orleans Cleveland Denver Minneapolls Buffalo Montrealanada Columbus Detroit St. Paul Prices in effect January 5, 1910. Subject to change without notice.

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Spalding Base Ball Uniforms Spalding Uniforms for Amateur and Semi-Professional Base Ball clubs are made in the same careful manner and under exactly the same perfect conditions as the outfits we supply to the professional League Teams; in fact, the Amateur Team secures the benefit of the many special features - that we develop from time to time through constant association with the principal league players, little items of construction that do not occur to the ordinary manufacturer, but which make all the difference in the I world when it comes to actually wearing the uniforms for ball playing, we incorporate in our Uniforms, without extra charge. The amateur clubs buying Spalding Uniforms get the style, fit and finish of the League outfits, but at prices well within their means. THE CITY LEAGUE UNIFORM No. P Good quality. In neat and attractive checks, plaids and stripes, also in plain White. Finished like our best quality. CITY LEAGUE UNIFORM No. P. Complete, $7.0 $6.00 Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. Suit, Colors: White with Blue Check, Brownish Blue Shadow Plaid, Grayish Brown with Blue Stripe, Bluish Gray, Light Blue Plaid, and Brown Stripe, and White. THE CLUB SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 3 bode of good quality flannel in a variety of very desirable patterns. Well finished and a most excellent outfit for amateur clubs. CLUB SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 3. Complete, $6.00 $ 00 Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. Suit, $5. * Colors: White, Blue Gray, Brown Gray, Dark Gray, Maroon, Navy, Green and Black. THE AMATEUR SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 4 Made of good quality cloth, and compares favorably with uniforms of other makers quoted at a much higher price. Very popular with the younger base ball players. AMATEUR SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 4. Complete, $5.00 $4. Spalding Complete Catalogue of Athletic Goods Mailed Free. EtO~d~ - ~ bCommunications addressed to a d Englan A. G. SPALDING & BROS . tb Nerice to clubs ordering for Entire Team. Su slEngland uorste numbers see i crgde fron r o ter of athi boo. Ast SNewYork Cohladelphta Washtaloe Chticg . Louis M ranclscod Boston Pittsbur Atlanta Cincinnatl Ransas Cty Seattle Syracuse Baltimore ew Orleans Cleveland Denver WUnneapolls Buffalo Mon tre Canada Columbus Detroit St. Paul 'Prices in effect January 5, 1910 Subject to change withoult notice.

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Spalding Policy A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible fo a manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer r ust provi( a profit for the jobber as well as the retail dealer. To meet these cond tions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionatel high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out at- tractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these farcy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their mislead- ing but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his respons- ibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufac- turer and the jobber are assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz.: the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product. The foregoing conditions became so intolerable, that eleven years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding & Bros. determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assureda fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The "Spaldifn, Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways: FIRST-The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Ath- letic Goods, and the same fixed prices to everybody. SEC4tD-As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence 'i purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw ma- e.iterials required in the manufacture of our various goods, Q well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables us - to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain 0Qu the Spalding Standard of Quality. AIlretail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are required to sup- illconsumers at our regular printed catalogue prices-neither mrore nor le--the same prices that similar goods are sold for in our New Ydrk, Chicago, and other stores. All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are al- lowed to anyone. Positively, nobody; not even officers, managers, salesmen or other em- ployes of A. G. Spalding & Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount from the regular catalogue prices. This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in success- ful operation for the past eleven years, and will be indefinitely continued.. In other words, the "Spalding Policy" i, t "square deal" for everybody, A. G. SPALDING & BROS. By A. G. SPALDING, President.

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|i - me- -- -me-- Standard Quality An artidle that is universally given the appellation " Standard ' Is thereby conceded to be the Criterion, to which are compared all other thingsof a similar nature.. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit'of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. ,As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, consid- erable money is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the law, citizen manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against counterfeit products-without the aid of "Government Detec- tives " or " Public Opinion " to assist them. Consequently the "Consumer's Protection" against misrepresenta- tion and "inferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and re- sponsibility of the "Manufacturer." A. G. Spalding & Bros. have, by their rigorous attention to " Quality," for thirty-three years, caused their Trade-Mark to become known through- out the world as a Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. The necessity of upholding the guarantee of the Spalding Trade- Mark and maintaining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvious as is the necessity of the Government in main- taining a Standard Currency. Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other consumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic-Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards maintaining Standard Quality and preventing fraud- ulent substitution will be ineffectual. Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of "inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration.. A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a guarantee to protect, must necessarily have higher prices than a manufacturer. of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis of a claim for. Standard Quality depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman. i: We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than poverty in quality-and we avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality. X- 'B'e X ' . D , ' B. %*~~~~~~~s

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