Pennsylvania Railway Ore Dock, Lake Erie at Whiskey Island, approximately 1.5 mil, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH

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Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record/Historic American Landscapes Survey

5 drawings
53 b&w photos
74 data pages
5 photo caption pages

TITLE:
Pennsylvania Railway Ore Dock, Lake Erie at Whiskey Island, approximately 1.5 mil, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH

CALL NUMBER:
HAER OHIO,18-CLEV,33-

REPRODUCTION NUMBER:
[See Call Number]

MEDIUM:
Measured Drawing(s): 5 (24 x 36 in.)
Photo(s): 53 (4 x 5 and 4 x 5 in.)
Data Page(s): 73 plus cover page
Photo Caption Page(s): 5

DATE:
Documentation compiled after 1968.

CREATOR:
Historic American Engineering Record, creator

NOTE:
Survey number HAER OH-18

Building/structure dates: 1911 initial construction

Building/structure dates: 1992 subsequent work

Building/structure dates: 2000 demolished

Significance: When built, the Pennsylvania Railway Ore Dock was the largest ore-unloading dock on the Great Lakes. The dock featured four Hulett unloaders with bucket capacities of 17 tons; a 15-ton capacity ore stocking and rehandling bridge; and a one-million-ton ore storage yard. The Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company of Cleveland built the dock equipment. The Hulett unloader, invented and developed by Clevelander George H. Hulett during the 1890s, revolutionized the handling of iron ore by reducing labor costs and unloading time. By 1913, Hulett unloaders were in use at almost every port on Lake Erie. Their widespread adoption led to larger boats especially designed to accommodate the Huletts.

SUBJECTS:
OHIO--Cuyahoga County--Cleveland
ore docks

OTHER TITLE:
Cleveland & Pittsburgh Ore Dock

COLLECTION:
Historic American Engineering Record (Library of Congress)

REPOSITORY:
Library of Congress, Prints and Photograph Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA

DIGID:
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/hhh.oh0121

CONTENTS:
Photograph caption(s):
13. ORE DOCK, LOOKING EAST FROM HULETT NO. 1. WHEN BUILT IN 1911-1912, THIS WAS THE LARGEST ORE-UNLOADING DOCK ON THE GREAT LAKES. THE DOCK FEATURED FOUR HULETT UNLOADERS, EACH WITH A BUCKET CAPACITY OF 17 TONS; A 15-TON CAPACITY ORE STOCKING AND REHANDLING BRIDGE; AND A ONE-MILLION-TON CAPACITY ORE STORAGE YARD. THE WILLIAM-SEAVER-MORGAN COMPANY OF CLEVELAND BUILT THE DOCK EQUIPMENT.
14. HULETT ORE UNLOADERS IN MOTION; UNLOADING CANADIAN RED ORE FROM THE 'GEORGE M. CAR.' VIEW LOOKING EAST. (Also see OH-18-38, OH-18-39, and OH-18-40.)
15. HULETT NO. 4 AS SEEN FROM THE DECK OF THE 'GEORGE M. CARL.' HULETT OPERATOR HAS DESCENDED INTO THE HOLD TO TAKE A 17-TON 'BITE' OF CANADIAN RED ORE. VIEW IS LOOKING EAST, WHERE THE TERMINAL TOWER MAY BE SEEN IN THE DISTANCE.
16. THREE-QUARTER VIEW TAKEN FROM THE REAR OF A HULETT ORE UNLOADER AS IT DESCENDS INTO THE HOLD. THE WALKING BEAM AND ITS GRAB BUCKET ARE OPERATED BY MEANS OF ROPES WOUND ON DRUMS, WHICH IN TURN ARE GEARED TO ELECTRIC MOTORS. ROUND TRIP FROM BOAT TO HOPPER CAN BE MADE IN 50 SECONDS.
17. ORE DOCK, LOOKING EAST FROM HULETT NO. 1. WHEN BUILT IN 1911-1912, THIS WAS THE LARGEST ORE-UNLOADING DOCK ON THE GREAT LAKES.
18. THREE-QUARTER VIEW OF HULETT UNLOADERS, LOOKING NORTHEAST. IF INCOMING ORE IS NOT TO BE SHIPPED IMMEDIATELY, THE 'LARRYMAN' MOVES HIS CARLOAD OF ORE ALONG THE CANTILEVER AT THE REAR OF THE HULETT AND DEPOSITS IT INTO THE STORAGE YARD.
19. MACHINE SHOP, INTERIOR.
20. MACHINE SHOP, LOOKING SOUTH. SHOP IS EQUIPPED WITH A 25-TON SHAW CRANE TO HANDLE PARTS FROM RAIL CARS INTO THE SHOP. MACHINE SHOP HANDLES ALL NECESSARY REPAIR WORK ON THE DOCK MACHINERY.
21. ORE DOCK, LOOKING SOUTHWEST. THIS VIEW SHOWS THE WEST END OF THE DOCK. EMPTY CARS ARE MOVED IN FROM THE WEST BY 'SHUNT CARS,' PUT INTO PLACE AS NEEDED BENEATH THE HULETTS, FILLED, THEN SHUNTED TO THE EAST END OF THE YARD WHERE THEY ARE MADE UP INTO TRAINS. THE POWER HOUSE (WITH TALL ARCHED WINDOWS) AND THE TWO-STORY DOCK OFFICE CAN BE SEEN HERE.
22. GENERAL VIEW OF DOCK, TAKEN FROM THE ROOF OF THE POWER HOUSE, LOOKING NORTH.
23. VIEW SHOWING THE UNDERSIDES OF TWO HULETT MACHINES. THE BOTTOMS OF THE LARRY CAR CAN BE SEEN BETWEEN THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK.
24. REAR ELEVATION, HULETT ORE UNLOADERS. TRACKS CARRYING THE FRONT END AND REAR LEGS OF THE HULETT UNLOADERS ARE LAID ON THE DOCK AND REAR WALLS, RESPECTIVELY; BOTH WALLS ARE MADE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SUPPORTED ON CONCRETE PILES.
25. FRONT END LOADERS MOMENTARILY IN REPOSE IN THE ORE STORAGE YARD. AN ORE BRIDGE THAT FORMERLY TRANSFERRED ORE WITHIN THE STORAGE YARD WAS DESTROYED BY A BLIZZARD IN 1978.
26. INSIDE THE 'DOG HOUSE' AT THE REAR END OF THE WALKING BEAM. HERE ARE HOUSED THE HOIST ENGINE, WHICH CONTROLS MOVEMENT OF THE BEAM; AND THE ENGINES THAT CONTROL THE OPENING AND CLOSING AND SWIVEL OF THE GRAB BUCKET.
27. HULETT ORE UNLOADERS TEMPORARILY IN REPOSE, AS A NEW SKIP TIES UP AT DOCK. THE UNLOADERS OPERATE ALMOST CONTINUOUSLY DURING THE SHIPPING SEASON, WHICH USUALLY RUNS FROM APRIL UNTIL LATE DECEMBER OR EARLY JANUARY. VIEW HERE IS LOOKING NORTHEAST.
28. HULETT NO. 4 SEEN FROM THE DECK OF THE 'GEORGE M. CARL.' THE END OF UNLOADING, TRACTOR SCRAPERS ARE LOWERED INTO THE HOLD TO 'CLEAN UP.' PRIOR TO ABOUT 1953, MEN WITH SHOVELS DID THE JOB.
29. ORE DOCK, LOOKING WEST; AT WORK UNLOADING THE 'GEORGE M. HUMPHREY'S' CARGO OF 25,000. TONS OF ORE.
30. HULETT NO. 2 IN MOTION; OPERATOR HAS JUST DUMPED A GRAB BUCKET OF ORE INTO THE RECEIVING HOPPER AND IS READY TO RETURN FOR ANOTHER LOAD. A ROUND TRIP FROM THE BOAT TO THE HOPPER AND BACK CAN BE MADE IN 50 SECONDS.
31. THIS PARTIAL VIEW OF HULETT NO. 4, LOOKING WEST, SHOWS THE RAILS AND WHEELS WHICH PERMIT THE UNLOADERS' LATERAL MOVEMENT ALONG THE FACE OF THE DOCK. ELECTRIC SHUNT CARS, SUCH AS THE ONE SEEN HERE, SHUTTLE EMPTY RAIL CARS INTO POSITION BENEATH THE HOPPERS AND ASSEMBLE THEM INTO TRAINS WHEN THEY ARE FULL.
32. BUCKET POSING OVER CARGO HOLD; NOTE OPERATOR OVER BUCKET.
33. REPAIRMEN ARE AT WORK ON THE HULETT'S GRAB BUCKET. BUCKET IS SEEN HERE IN ITS FULL OPEN POSITION.
34. REPAIRMAN IN CONSULTATION ON REPAIR OF BUCKET.
35. HULETT No. 4, LOOKING WEST; DETAIL OF REAR CANTILEVER.
36. ORE DOCK, LOOKING WEST. HULETT UNLOADERS AWAIT THE NEXT ORE BOAT. BY LATE WINTER, THE ORE STORAGE YARD SEEN AT LEFT WILL BE DEPLETED.
37. SHUNTING CAR USED TO MOVE RAILROAD CARS.
38. HULETT ORE UNLOADERS IN MOTION; UNLOADING CANADIAN RED ORE FROM THE GEORGE M. CARL.' VIEW LOOKING EAST. (Also see OH-18-14, OH-18-39, and OH-18-40)
39. HULETT ORE UNLOADER IN MOTION. VIEW LOOKING EAST. (Also see OH-18-14, OH-18-38, and OH-18-40)
40. HULETT ORE UNLOADER IN MOTION. VIEW LOOKING EAST. (Also see OH-18-14, OH-18-38, and OH-18-39)
CONTEXT VIEW OF HULETTS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE SHOWER/LUNCH ROOM BUILDING AND THE OFFICE BUILDING FROM ON TOP OF THE REMAINING PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE. LOOKING NORTH.
CONTEXT VIEW ALONG EXISTING PERIMETER TRACKS LOOKING TOWARDS SHUNTS IN THEIR PRESENT-DAY POSITIONS, STORAGE SHED, AND MACHINE SHOP. LOOKING NORTHEAST.
CONTEXT VIEW ALONG EXISTING PERIMETER TRACKS LOOKING OVER IRON ORE CARS TOWARDS CLEVELAND BULK TERMINAL BUILDINGS. LOOKING SOUTH.
CONTEXT VIEW ALONG EXISTING PERIMETER TRACKS LOOKING OVER IRON ORE CARS TOWARDS WESTERN SIDE OF CLEVELAND BULK TERMINAL BUILDINGS AND A SELF-UNLOADING IRON ORE SHIP AT DOCK. LOOKING SOUTHWEST.
CONTEXT VIEW FROM UNDER REAR OF HULETTS LOOKING OUT INTO THE ORE YARD FILLED WITH ORE, SHOWING SELF-UNLOADING SHIP BOOM IN ACTION. LOOKING EAST.
CONTEXT VIEW FROM SOUTHERN-MOST HULETT, SHOWING UNLOADER AND CLEVELAND BULK TERMINAL BUILDINGS IN ASSOCIATION. LOOKING SOUTH.
CONTEXT VIEW ACROSS ORE YARD AT MODERN SELF-UNLOADING SHIP UNLOADING IN FRONT OF HULETTS. LOOKING SOUTHWEST.
CONTEXT VIEW ACROSS ORE YARD AT MODERN SELF-UNLOADING BOOM IN FRONT OF HULETTS. LOOKING SOUTHWEST.
CONTEXT VIEW OF REAR OF HULETTS IN FRONT OF MODERN SELF-UNLOADING BOOM. LOOKING NORTH.
CONTEXT VIEW FROM POWER PLANT TOP FLOOR AT REST OF CLEVELAND TERMINAL. LOOKING NORTHWEST.
CONTEXT VIEW SHOWING MODERN TRACKS PASSING UNDER HULETTS AND ORE YARD. LOOKING NORTHEAST.
CONTEXT VIEW SHOWING CLEVELAND BULK TERMINAL ALONG HISTORIC RAIL BED. LOOKING NORTH.
CONTEXT VIEW SHOWING JUXTAPOSITION OF MACHINE SHOP, PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE, HISTORIC RAIL BED, LUNCH/SHOWER BUILDING, AND HULETTS. LOOKING NORTHEAST.

CONTROL #:
OH0121

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